Հին եւ Նոր Խարբերդ

e??Գ?e ?ao??UU?U E?????? ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC IեYinaY E?nբեn? u?O?uA UCYa? 1915A. oեO?ea?YaoAUaoYA NCUY?I?YaoU N?U?բY?I ?n ? ??nեn ??naoY?I ?anaoU ?n ECCn?i u?O?u?UCY IU?Yuai ? U?n?I?UCY eiեOI?գanI ?e?cAYA?oai. Cn?n ?CY N?can?aoU oYI?EC unեn, ??գ?UCY ao ICe?I?Y iaYեn: ?aOC ??E?i?ianA, N?U ?CY?I?YA, aa UեICY YեOaoAUaoY aa?i??eեEai, ?n?naoU ?n Cn eiեOI?I բ?nCuYեnA: ?UգCYեnaoU N?eaoY?YaoU ?CY i?YOA, EYOanA, E?OaOA, բ?Yc?n?YaoYեnaoU` ??Y???Y aoiեEC բaoUeեn, anaYu ??եoYեEai N?U U?n?A ?U? եnIn?U?eA iեn?IեE ?n ?n?EiC : ?anեEai ueU?YU?Y բeYaoAU?Y ?Cn?YYեnaoU, NեOOiեEai I?Yn N?nIեnC ao ?Y?eեEC a?UU?YYեnC Yեnua, N?U բY?IaaoAUaoYA, ?YanNCi Cn ??E?i?eեn բY?ianaoAU?Y, UC Iեna I?naO?YaoU ?n a?Na?YեE Cn գaUaoAUaoYA, e?I?UY ?U? Cn?iC??IY AY?N?iiեo 1915 A. ?AaE?UCY unեnCY: Aaonu?I?Y C?E?Y?ianYեnA, uգiiեEai N?U??E?nN?UCY ?e?cCY a?iեn??UC բ?n? ao N?I?e?I?Y Cn??naoAUaoYCo, aեi?I?YanեY ana??oCY N?UեnC ??Yգi?I?UCY Iaian?IYեnY ao բeY?գ?OAY Cn?I?Y?oYaO In?գCnA, ? ?U? ?YU?n?I?UCY գanIեE?IեnaA CnեYo aoeեnC in? ?e?Y ?C? Iեau ?E?C ?YaoYai ?i?գ եOեeY?գanIA, A?EC?A, ?Yiեn ? ?եU?E ????YեnA:

OեI եOեeYCo uCa ?e?c ?C? ?E?CY ?eեE ? Nեi?U?EA ?Yn? EaeuեnA բեnaoU եYu բ?e?oC). «?n??naoAUaoYA aCiC I?aեU eaonCe I?UnCY, u?O?u?InAaoAUaoYA OCaoe a?UiեnaoY, aCiC IanI?YեU ?UեY բ?Y, u?nA u?nC in? aCiC aAaOYեU, aa I?YգaoY I?e, ? aa ?E I?Y?a iեn?, ?UYaCeC ?iեn?IYեn aCiC IեniեU, an iեeYaOYեnA ?eեY` «?UeiեOեY AaonuեnY եY ?Yoեn»: ?YU?n?I?UCY ?U? a?n?գanIaoAU?Y ?Y?n???nOYեnA i?Nե ??UIC «E?nբեn?A ? ?Yan aeIեO?Y ???iA» a?iU?U??IaoA?UCY ? ??գ?գn?I?Y Nao??U?iU?YaoU iեO գi?I YUaoAեnY եY, iI?YեnC oaooaoUYեnA, iեn?anaOYեnC Nao?եnA, Eaoe?YI?nYեnA ? ?UE ??ei?AOAեn: Eaoe?YI?nYեnA ?e?YOCY-?e?YOCY YեnI?U?oYaoU եY E?nբեn? u?O?uC A?O?U?eեnA` UCYa? 1915 A., ?UeCYuY? ?OեeYCo ?e?c, ? Aaonu բ?nբ?naeYեnC IaOUCo ?iեn?IC iեn?Ii?I iYեnA, anaYo ?n?եY CeI Naգ?an ?iեn?I ?n ??nOnեE Aaonu բ?Y?eiեOIA` UCYa? 1915A., եnբ UեI?UeaoYa ????n?naoU ?n. «?n??naoAUaoYA aCiC I?aեU eaonCe I?UnCY»? IaaեEai i?Un?գaoAU?Y, ?UE??գCYեnCY` U?eY?ian?aեe N?UեnCY YեYգ ao E?n??E UCcaoYեnai բY?cYcեEao ? aaYa?oYեEao, ? anY Cn?I?Y?o?i եnCi?e?n?YեnC ?an?IaaU?Y ? a?ni??Cn ??E?i?YuC uaOC i?I, CeI ??n?i գեiA i?n?nեo I?Y?Yo, եnեE?YեnC ?C?IYեnC ?e?iaoAUaoYCo:

«o?O?u?InAaoAUaoYA OCaoe a?UiեnaoY», ?UeCYuY` ao?aoU ? ?eեE, an aa UC unեYuC aC եYA?nIiaoU ? N??iեiao a? YaoUYCeI ?EE?NC ?ec?: «aCiC IanI?YեU ?UեY բ?Y», ?UeCYuY` u?O?uYեnY ao գUaoOեnA, բY?IեEC iYեnA, aoeaoUY?I?Y N?ei?iaoAUaoYYեnA, եIեOեoCYեnA, enբ?i?UnեnA, գanI?iYեnA, ?nNեei?YaoYեnA ? ?UY բaEanA, CYa N?UI?I?Y ?n ao N?UեnեY: UaoUYCeI ?UգCYեnA, I?eեnA, բ?Yc?n?YaoYեnA aaYa?onեoCY ?U? e? UanեEC ?Ua?YU?Y a?neեnA: OCi?O բ?Y?eiեOIC EaeuեnY Cn?I?Y?o?Y, u?nA u?nC in? aAaOYiեo, եnICnA iեn?Iեo ?Y?a?iC: ??Uo ?Ue N?I?U?n?I?UCY ??e?Yo?Yu iCAaOA CYa-an CYuY?n??n?oYaO գ???Y?UCY բY???ai N?Ua?i?I ?n, an CnեYo a?CnA UեI aեiaoAUaoYYեnC ? a?iեn??UaO IaOUեnC բ?nOn?գaoUY ?iU?YYեnC IaOUCo ?aonc 60-70 i?nC Nեia Uae?oaoAU?Y IU?iYiC... ?i ?e ?Ueun ?U? բY????UCY գao??IaoAUaoYA ??naoY?IiaoU ? Cբn? UեI?գaoUY E?n?Y U?n?I?UCY ?n?C u?O?u?InAaoAU?Y... * * * ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC E?nբեn? Y?N?YգA բ?OI?o?I ?n ?aonc 360 բY?I?i?UnեnCo: i?na?i?n?Iu?UCY բ?A?YU?Uբ aoYեn 3 գ?i?e` E?nբեn?, ?եneCU ? O?E?AC?: ??U?O?UY Aaonu?I?Y I?eI?IեEC U?n??N?U?nC` բY?IaaoAUaoYA I??UaoU ?n 450525 U?n?, anaYo UեI?U?eYaoAUaoYA` N?U, CeI ?aun?U?eYaoAUaoYA` Aaonu ?Aaonu?I?Y ?OբUaonYեnC N?U?O?UY ?1878 A.) N?UեnA I??UaoU ?CY 38 iaIae, CeI UY?o?IA` uaon? ? Aaonu):

??UI?I?Y բY?I?i?UnեnA Cn?nCo Nեeao եY UեICo-եnեu UOaY. Uaon?u?YaUaon գUaoOC բY?IaaoAUaoYA 150-500 iaoY ?: E?nբեn?C ?YUCc?I?Y ?nc?Y?IA a?naoY?IaoU ?n i?inaeU?Y ? ?YiC i?inaeU?Y EեeY?a?nեnC UեciեO գaգ?ianaO ana? AY??nO?IaoAU?Uբ 3 NaiCiYեn: ?U? ???iեnA Aaonu?I?Y ?Yi?Y??aEaoAU?Uբ N?UiYC ?CY Cբn?` 1. aoE? ai? ?OեI ???i) 2. iao? ai? ?i???n?I ???i) 3. Գao? ai? ?Գ?eYaoIC ???i): E?nբեn?C e?NU?YYեnY ?CY` 1.?UaoeCeCo` ?n?naoUC ? ?եneCUC Iaoe?I?EaoAUaoYYեnA 2. ?n?եEuCo` iCգn?Y?IեniC Iaoe?I?EaoAUaoYA 3. ??n?iCo` ??EեaC Iaoe?I?EaoAUaoYA ? aony?UC գ?i?eA 4. ?n?UaoiuCo` ei??CY ? ??EեaCY Ioi?I O?n??C e?Yc?IYեnA ? ?EaCAaYC ao ?UYA??C գ?i?eYեnA:

?e?cCY N?U??E?nN?UCY a?iեn??UC ?i?niCo Nեia բaEan ??գեnA EIiեoCY a?iեn??UC Nեi??Yuai u?Y?i?I եnICnYեnA iեn?I?YգYեEao, UC?UY բ??U?a?na?n N?U AaOaiaon?Y Cn բYunn?YA` ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YA ? ?n?եEU?Y ??U?ei?YC UC U?eA, ?UբaOcaoAU?Uբ Ianoեo: AaonuC E?n??E u?O?u?I?YaoAU?Y Nեi??Yuai եnIao ? Iեe UCECaYCo ?iեEC բY?IaaoAUaoY Iaianiեo, CeI UY?o?IA oniեo i?nբեn եnInYեn? ?U? AiaoU Y?? ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC ?nIi?I բY?ICaYեnA IanoYեEai CnեYo N?UnեYCuA, eIeեoCY N?U?EUբiեE i?nբեn եnInYեnaoU ? I??U?IեnaեE N?UnեY?Io?I?Y UCaoAUaoYYեn: «??U?E?nբեn?oC?I?YA» Cn Uեc ?eYեEai E?nբեn? u?O?uC ? գUaoOեnaoU բ??U?ACi N?UnեY?Io?I?Y UCaoAUaoYYեn eiեOIեo UեI U?nUCY 1926A. YaUեUբեnC 30-CY ? YaoUY Ai?I?YCY Y?? an?եգnեo Uan-E?nբեn?A N?UnեYCuaoU I?eaooեEao Ya?i?IA: ?Ue In?գCnA Cn?I?Y?oYեEao N?U?n 1927A. YaUեUբեnC 7-C YCeiaoU ana?iեo I?i?nեE UեI N?Yգ?Y?IaoAUaoY: AYiniեo գanI??Cn U?nUCY? ??nAaoUA NY?n եO?ICY a?? ?n?գ u?UEեnai AYA?ou i?Eao N?U?n: ԳanI??Cn i?naaoAU?Y ?Y??UYեn AYiniեoCY` Oao?եO ??եUU?Y? ?iեY?aեi (Y?E?գ?N), ??Iaբ ??nCa?YU?Y? ?. ?iեY?aեi, Գ?anգ EaoEE?YU?Y? ?iեY??aCn (AaO. u?niaoO?n), ԳnCգan ??Uբ?nOaoUU?Y? ?. ?iեY??aCn (AaO. u?niaoO?n), ??naoAUaoY EaoECIU?Y? գ?YO?a?N, EanNn??I?Y ?Y??UYեn` iCգn?Y ?uUեuaU?Y, ?aiN?YYեe U?NCIU?Y, ?ai?ICU UCIaOaeU?Y, OCNn?Y Գ?CnU?Y:

OCaoAU?Y գanI??Cn U?nUCYA ?YUCc?aեe ?Yo?i գanIC ? ?e?cCY u?UEai ?CUaoU NOեo ??U?ei?YC I?e?i?naoAU?Y a?iI?YU?E բ?A?YUaoYuC գn?eեYU?ICY? N?UiYեEai N?UnեY?I?nai E?nբեn?oCYեnao բ?OO?YuA, anaեe?C ana? N?eI?oaOaoAU?Uբ ? N?U?O?UYaoAU?Uբ Uan-E?nբեn?C ?CYaoAUaoYA NY?n?ian ??eY?: ԳanI??Cn U?nUCYA Y?? aoYեo?i Cn YեnI?U?oaooCaYեnA ??U?ei?YC Uեc, N?YOCYe ?եYU?UCY ԳnCգanU?YC ? OCe?I O??U?YU?YC, anaYu i?UեEaoU ?CY I?e?i?naoAU?Y N?U?In?YuA: Un?Yu a?in?eii?I aեi?I?Y N?U?O?UY?գCnA eian?գnեoCY? N?YaoY N?U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y UCaoAU?Y: ?Ue a?iU?I?Y N?U?O?UY?գCnA եnIao unCY?ICo ?n, UեIA` ??U?ei?YC I?e?i?naoAU?Y Uai ?n, CeI UUaoeA? N?U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y UCaoAU?Y: ??O?O?UU?Գ?? ?UեnCI?UC OC?oU?E U?N?YգYեnao N?U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y UCaoAU?Y Nեi? Uan-E?nբեn? ?YaoYai Yan ?i?Y NCUYեEao N?U?n EanNn??UCY ??U?ei?YC e?NU?YYեnaoU NaO?U?e in?U??nեEao U?eCY N?UiYaoU եYu Nեi?U?EA` 1.?aO?գanIaoAU?Y AaOain??I?Y IaUCe?nC?iA ?UեnCI?UC OC?oU?E U?N?YգYեnC N?U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y UCaoAU?Y UCcaoai EanNn??UCY ??U?ei?Y Yեnգ?OAaO «Uan-E?nբեn?» ?i?YA NCUYaO ? ?UYiեO բY?IiaO E?nբեn?oCYեnC U?i?I?Y uգi?գanIaoAU?Y N?U?n` N?iI?oYaoU ? ?n??YC գ?i?eC, ?n????YC գ?i?e?IC «??n?i-?n?եEU?Y ?e?a?nYեnA (OeեnA)» IaaiaO aեi?I?Y NaO?UCY գaoUuC ?n?UiU?Y U?eCo UC N???n CYCeaoYC ? UեI (1091) NեIi?n i?n?IaoAUaoY, anC N?i?I?գCIA Ioi?I ? eaoUY գnaoAU?Y:

2. ?e?cCY IեiaoU U?iY?Y?i?I NaOեnC ?UY U?eA, anA AYIYaoU ? ?n????Y գեiCo եEYaO Yan cn?YouC Uai (N?ii?IC in? oaoUo ? ini?I I?aaoUi գIai) ? 350 NեIi?n i?n?IaoAUaoY aoYC, N?U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y UCaoAUaoYA a?ni?ian ? aeaգեE Cn N??iCY` ??U?ei?YC cn?UCY iYiեeaoAU?Y i?naaoAU?Y UCcaoai: I?YaAaoAUaoY. cn?YouC Y?E?գIC IեeA I??UiեE ? Uan?գUaoOC (A???գUaoOC) N?e?n?IaoAU?Y Yan բY?I?iեOCY cnai ?a?NaiեEao YI?i?eaoUai, CeI UY?oU?E IեeA II??UC N?U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y UCaoAU?Y N?YOY?n?naoAU?Uբ: 3. ?aOեnC UY?o?I i?n?IaoAU?Y aeaգaoUA I?i?niեEao ? aեi?I?Y UCcaoYեnai? «??n?i-?n?եEU?Y ?e?a?nYեnC» UY?o?I U?eC aeaգU?Y AY?N?Yaon Iեnaai: anaեe?C գanIC Y?E?a?in?ei?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnCY ?n?եY OեeY?nIեE ? cn?UCY iYiեeaoAU?Y i?naaoAUaoYA: 4. Uan-E?nբեn?C բY?ICaYեnA NaOեnCo uգiiեEao եY NaO?UCY N?e?n?IaoAU?Y N?U?n unեYe?naoAU?Uբ e?NU?Yi?I I?nգai, CeI բY?I?n?Y?UCY ?CY?n?naoAUaoYYեn I?i?niեEao ? NaO?գanIaoAU?Y AaOain??I?Y IaUCe?nC?iC N?ei?iiեECu N?i?I?գIեnC N?U?O?UY: I?YaAaoAUaoY. N?i?I?գIU?Y Y?E?գCIA I??UեEao ? ?UY ICn?nIեEao ? N?U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y UCaoAUaoYA Cn N??iCY: 5. ??U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y UCaoAUaoYA ? Uan-E?nբեn?C N?e?n?IaoAUaoYA a?ni?ianiaoU եY CnեYo N?iI?oi?I NaO?U?eեnC aeaգU?Y ao բY?I?n?Y?UCY ?CY?n?naoAU?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA OեeY?nIեE 1928A.: un?oaoo?UCY In?գnC N?U?O?UY, եnբ aeaգU?Y o?YoA a?in?ei ECYC:

6. Uan-E?nբեn?C N?iI?oi?I NaOեnCo 100 NեIi?n ??iiaoU ? N?e?n?I?I?Y AY?N?Yaon I?nCuYեnC N?U?n: ?Ue 100 NեIi?nA UCYa? NaO?UCY N?U?UYu I??U?IեnaեEA, U??IaoU ? uգi?գanIaoU ? ?OU-C N?U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y UCaoAUaoYA: 7. U?Ean? IեiaoU NC?i?I a?ni?I?YaoAUaoYYեnA ??գnCi I?i?nեEao ?եauaoU Uan-E?nբեn?A aեi?I?Y iaonuեnC YI?iU?Uբ uգiiaoU ? ?UY ?niaYaoAUaoYYեnai, an NC?i?I եY AaOIaUEanNC I?nգ??nCa YCeiC 1926A. ?anCEC 29-C ?nO?Y?գnaoAU?Y ACi 25 IեiC IaOUCo N?ei?ii?I Yեnգ?OAC Nn?N?YգaoU: 8. eaoUY գnaoAU?Y Uեc U?iY?Y?i?I բaEan N?YOY?n?naoAUaoYYեnA NaOAaOIaU?iY CnեY N?U?n N?U?naoU ? a?ni??Cn, եnբ ?OU-C N?U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y UCaoAUaoYA Cn a??iaY?I?Y գn?ian N?U?O?UYaoAUaoYA i? ?U? ?UեYC ?eACi: ?aOi?na?aեi` E. ?i??EբեIU?Y ?aO-AaO-IaU` ?. ?n?YIU?Y ?n??Y, 21 U?niC, 1928A. ?YUCc?aեe N?U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y UCaoAU?Y գanI??Cn U?nUCYA ei?o?i ?Ue N?U?O?UY?գCnA: 1928-Ai?I?YC ?anCEC 25-C YCeiCY UC?O?UYaoAU?Uբ AY?aoYեo Uեn I?e?i?naoAU?Y a?UU?Y?գnaoAUaoYA ?UբaOcaoAU?Uբ: ?Ue i?iեn?oaoUCo Nեia a?i???anեY eian?գniեo ? UCaoAU?Y a??iaY?I?Y IYCuai IYuiեo, ?a? ?YUCc?aեe N?Oan?iեo ??U?ei?YC I?e?i?naoAU?YA a?iI?YaO բ?A?YUaoYuCY? U?UCe 1, 1928 Ai?I?Yai: ?Ue N?Oan??IoaoAUaoYA a??iaY?aեe eian?գnեoCY N?U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y UCaoAU?Y գanI??Cn U?nUYC ?iեY?aեi ?aIian ?aiN?YYեe IaiCIU?YA ? ?iեY??aCn ?. O. oCECaaeU?YA: ??U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y UCaoAU?Y YեnI?U?oaooCaYեnA ??U?ei?YC Uեc:

Oեn I?e?i?naoAU?Y Uai N?U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y UCaoAU?Y գanI?eYaoAUaoYYեnY ao N?n?բեnaoAUaoYYեnA I?YaY?ian ? ?n?գ AYA?ouC Uեc ?eYեEao Ya?i?Iai? UCaoAUaoYA Y??Y?Iեo NCYգ E?nբեn?oCYեnCo բ?OI?o?I N?YOY?EaoUբ: ?aEanY ?E ??U?ei?YC u?O?u?oCYեn? 1. ?եYU?UCY ԳnCգanU?Y ??UaoeեYCIoC) ?iեY?aեi ? EեeaCY?noC iեeaoa: 2. I?n?aեi i?iեEU?Y ?EaoUEեoC) գ?YO?aեi ? e? u?nN?YuC iեeaoa: 3. eaoբեY e?Y?aonU?Y ?E?nբեn?oC) ?iեY??aCn: 4. O?A?ae ԳnCգanU?Y ?UեIIեnioC) EեYCY?I?YC NUaoei?IuեOեYC iեeaoa, EanNn??I?Y: 5. i?N?Y AaAaiեYo ?E?nբեn?oC) գn?գեi EanNn??I?Y: ??UԳ?U?IaoAUaoU Ua?-E??????? ??O?? 1927 A. YaUեUբեnC 7-CY ana?i?I N?Yգ?Y?IaoAU?Y OեeY?nICY AYA?ou i?Eao N?U?n Oao?եO ??եUU?YC ?iեY?aեiaoAU?Uբ I??Ui?I U?nUCYA ? E?nբեn?oCYեnA գanIC EIiեo?Y ? N?Yգ?Y?IaoAUaoYY ?e?c i?nեoCY, Aե? iYiեe?I?Y YեO ?nc?YC Uեc, e?I?UY ??nOU?E N?eoaooCY YI?iեEC գaoU?nC: Uan-E?nբեn?C I?eaooU?Y N?U?n եO?Y YiCn?iiaoAUaoYYեn: ?Ue AYIեnaoAUaoYYեnA I??UեoCY N?U?E?nբեn?oC?I?YYեnA ? iiCY CnեYo բ?ACYA Nեi?U?E Iեnaai` 1. E?nբեn?C InA?eCn?I UC?oU?E AYIեnaoAUaoY 11780 2. ?UaoeեYCIC iեn?CY?I UCaoAUaoY 3800 3. oեeCnCIoC AY?N?Yaon UCaoAUaoY 3500 4. ???U??եYC Eaoe-aoeaoU AYIեnaoAUaoY 2600 5. ?aOեoC UC?o-aoeaoUY?eCn?o AYIեnaoAUaoY 2400 6. ?aUեC UC?o-aoeaoUY?eCn?o AYIեnaoAUaoY 1200 7. ??na?YեC aoeaoUYU?eCn?o AYIեnaoAUaoY 1200 8. iեnC-EaEC aoeaoUY?eCn?o AYIեnaoAUaoY 600 9. OեIIեniC aoeaoUY?eCn?o AYIեnaoAUaoY 350

10. EaoE?գUaoOC ??բեA-??Iaբ գn???n?YC UCaoAUaoY 300 11. OanեYCIC aoeaoUY?eCn?I AYIեnaoAUaoY 300 12. ?UE ?OբUaonYեn 200 13. ?n??iaoiC iեn?CY?o UCaoAUaoY 150 14. ??n?i e?Yaoo UCaoAUaoY 150 AY?N?Yaon գaoU?nA 28230 ?aE?n ?Ue Y?EY?I?Y N?Yգ?Y?IaoAU?Y in? Yn?YCo Nեia Yan ?iեE?oaoUYեn եO?Y ?YN?iYեnCo ? I??U?IեnaaoAUaoYYեnCo, anaYu Yan N?iեEaoUYեn ?nեoCY, գaoU?nA բ?nOn?onեoCY Naգaoi Uan-E?nբեn?C: OCaoAU?Y i?nեI?Y ?nO?Y?գnaoAUaoYեnեY N?UiYC եY ECYaoU, an ?YN?i?I?Y ?aun YiեnYեnեY Nեia եO?i Y?? գaoU?nYեn, CYaaեe` 1. O?N?o?I ?aiN?YYեe OIniaU?YC Ii?iեY 6077 2. UUao-UanuC N?YOY?EUբեY 800 3. OIniCa A??aU?YC Ii?iեY 654 iեncCY գaoU?nA N?e?i Uai 60000- ?aE?nC Ua?-E??????? ??OU???aoAUaoUA Uan-E?nբեn?C NCUuA ?niեo 1929 A. eեaiեUբեnC 15-CY: ??UnեY?eեn OIniCa ?aiN?YYCeU?YA ?N?YգaooU?E) 1925-CY Ii?I?I ?n 10000 ?aE?n Uan-E?nբեn?C Uեc բ?nOn?գaoUY i?nA?n?Y N?ei?iեEao Ya?i?Iai, ? ?Ue i?nA?n?YA I?eaooiեo Uեn I?e?i?naoAU?Y in?U??n?I 90000 ?aE?nC N?iI?oaoUai: Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YC ?CY?n?n?I?Y ?YUCc?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnCY U?eY?IoեoCY E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC i?nբեn գUaoOեnC AYi?YCuYեn:

1. ?ao??YU?Y ԳnCգan I?n?aեiC? E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC Iaiu E?C ??CY գiYiaO Iaiu գUaoOCo: Un? AYi?YCuA i?nOai բY?IiaoU ?n ?UYA??C (A???գUaoOC) I?n?aեiC i?YA: Un?Y «UեeեEC UCe aoiaO» ?CY ?eaoU, u?YC an UC A?OaoUCo Nեia, եnբ iեn???eYaoU եY N?YգaooU?EC iaoYA NaգեN?o aoiեEao, I?n?aեiA Nn?A?niaoU ?? ?eեEai, an եe ?U? UeCo aեU aoiC: ?i ?U? uni?YCo Yn?Y U?I?YaoY եY ?iեE?oYaoU` «UեeեEC UCe aoiaO»: 1930 Ai?I?YC ?եini?n ?UeCY i?u եO?Y?I ?n, aoYեo?IA EoYaoU եY e?UEC Uեc ? N?eYaoU ?UYA??Co aa Nեeao գiYiaO բEaonC in? I?eaooi?I ?եYuA, anA ?Yi?YiaoU ? Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?Y: OC?A?U?Y?I ?U? unA YaoUY ?UYA??Co գ?ECe եY ?aOCIեYo i?YA i?nOai ?anaO Nեi?U?E AYi?YCuYեnA. 2. OIniaU?Y E?a?iaon ?E?a?Uao) ? Cn iO?Y OIniCaA, 3. OIniaU?Y ??naoAUaoYA, 4. uN?YU?Y E?aCIA: U???nեYo i?Y եnեu AYi?YCuY ?E? E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC AEI?iCYC ?EaoUEao) գUaoOCo, գ?ECe եY ?U?iեO? ??eY?Eai Uan-E?nբեn?C ?e?cCY բY?ICaYեnCo: ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC բY?ICaYեnCo UC UC?UY UC ?aun U?eYCI ? aiuA ?YaoU ?n?եEU?Y ??U?ei?YC NaOC in?? o?YC an AaonuA ana?եE ?n u?niե?C եnեeCo AY?N?Yn?aեe iեn?oYեE E?nբեn? ?Yi?YaoUA, EanNn??UCY ??Uei?YaoU ??iao??i iեO?YaoYYեn ?Yi?YiեoCY Y?EICY բY?I?i?UnեnC ?YaoYYեnai? Uan-E?nբեn?, Uan-O?E?AC?, Uan-?n?բICn, Uan-?aoA?YC?, Uan-?nե?, Uan-O?n??, Uan-ICECIC?, Uan-eեբ?eiC? ? ?UEY: ?UeaCeai, Uan-E?nբեn?C ?e?cCY բY?ICaYեnA AY??UեYA 15 NaգC ?CY` 1. OIniaU?Y E?aCI ?E?a?Uao) բ?Yian

2. OIniaU?Y ??naoAUaoY բ?Yian ?i?eY?aեi) 3. OIniaU?Y OIniCa բ?Yian 4. ?ao??YU?Y ԳnCգan 5. uN?YU?Y E?aCI 6. OIniaU?Y U?nգC? iY?UCY iYiեeaoNC 7. OIniaU?Y e?AեYCI 8. ?ao??YU?Y O?nA? ?i?n?aoNC ???UU?Y) iY?UCY iYiեeaoNC 9. uN?YU?Y ?YanCI ??n??YU?Y ?YanCI) 10. uN?YU?Y ?ECe 7 i?nեI?Y ?OcCI 11. uN?YU?Y ?e?iaon 5 i?nեI?Y iO? 12. ?ao??YU?Y e?nգCe 6 i?nեI?Y iO? 13. ?ao??YU?Y ??eUCI 3 i?nեI?Y ?OcCI 14. ?ao??YU?Y eեnaբ 2 i?nեI?Y iO? 15. OIniaU?Y ?O?iYC 2 i?nեI?Y ?OcCI ?Ue ?n Yan I?eaooiaO ?i?YC բY?IaaoAUaoYA? ?Yaai ?CY ?բ?OiaoU ?U? NCYգ բ?YianYեnA, anaYu ??E?iaoU ?CY Yan I?eaooiaO ?եYuեnC in?: ?եYuեnCY ?YNn?Aե?i ?CY?YUaoAեnA ei?YaoU ?CY UեI ?Ai?naoAU?Uբ? iaoy u?nեnA բեnaoU ?CY Uan?գ?iCAC u?nN?YuCo, ե?C e?UEեnai? A?UaoU 3-4 IU. ?n?գaoAU?Uբ: ?UAU ?U? u?nN?YuC iեOaoU I?eaooi?I ? ?n??YC oCUeե?IiCi գanI?n?YA: aN?Yգ?I ICnA բեnaoU ?CY ??i?EaoCo ??n?n?i)? ??nOU?E ե?C e?UEեnai: ?i??A բեnaoU ?CY A???գUaoOC ??UYA??) ?i??C N?YuCo, anA գiYiaoU ?n A???գUaoOC եnIao բEaonYեnaoU? ?UAU ?UYiեO I?eaooi?I ? ?ei?EiC գanI?n?YA, CeI UC բEaonA ?UբaOcaoAU?Uբ uգi?գanIiեE ?? ?CY???UiA ei?YaoU ?CY A???գUaoOC Գ?anգC ?UգCYեnC բ?n?CYեnCo, IinaoU ?CY բ?n?CYեnA, iեO??aEaoU Uan-E?nբեn?C ?CY?n?n?I?Y iեO?U?e: ?n??Y u?O?uCo գ?ECe ?CY i?Ei?I a?in?eiaO U?eY?գեiYեnA ? eIeaoU i?Ei?I eOaoեE: ?i?Ei?I eOaoaOC N?nU?n?YuA YU?Y ? ??NEեi?Y E?O?oaOC e?nuCY, UC?UY ?UY i?nբեnaoAU?Uբ, an ??NEեi?Y E?O?oaOA E?OaoU ? N?i?e?n?I?eaO ??UiA OեeuA iեnon?I, CeI i?Ei?I eOaoaOYեnC e?nuC in? E?nC ?aE?nեY ?niaoU ? գեn?YA ? Yn? in? YեnIai AեEC UCcaoai a??aoU եY i?Ei?IC N?eiaoAUaoYA ? IinեEai aoOO?N?U?o` N?YaoU i?Ei?IYեnA): ?եi?գ?UaoU ?n?եY գեn?YYեn eIeեoCY բեnեE ?n??YC եnI?AaoOao I?U?n?YCo UC uCa ?iեEC ?n?գ?գY?o in?Yeaaniai? OCao ?n?բ?YYեnai: ?aonA uCa ECYեEao a?i??eai i?I?eYեnai ?aE??naoU ?CY? ? EUեEao N?U?n, ? ?CY?n?naoAU?Y I?nCuYեnA Naգ?Eao: a?in?eiեE ?CY UC UեI ??Uiե i??i: i??iC eI?բY?U?eaoU ACAեOC in? ?Youեn ?n բ?oi?I Yn?YCo ?YUCc?aեe ?e?c, i?Ei?IC ??I?YC UCcaoai ??IaoU ?CY, an cnCo u?Uu?Ui?I ICnA, ?YUCc?aեe aA??iC, ?UE ??UiC in? N?գon?I ACAեOե ?You?ian N?nU?n?Yuai anu?Y NY?n?ian ? caonA եnI?n a?NiC i??iC Uեc, ? aN?Yգ?I ICnA EnCi u?Uu?UiC? ?U? ACAեOC ?You?ian N?nU?n?Yuai բ?YianYեnA ?UYu?Y ?CY Yan u?Uu?UiaO ICnA ??aoU ?Ue ao ?UY IaOU, an UCYa? EnCi u?Uu?UiaoU ?n: ?nբ ?n?եY EnCi u?Uu?Ui?I ?n, ?U? A?U?Y?I i??iC ??Uiե ??I?YA բ?o ?CY ?YaoU, N?Yգ?I cn?E?eY ICnA EoiaoU ?n i??iC ?e?c Y?Eanau u?Y?i?I ?aeC Uեc: ?aEan ?CY?n?n?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA I?i?naoU ?CY ?e?Yo an?? UեuեY?U?oU?Y UCcaoC ? «a?iգ?n?IYեnai» N?eoYaoU ?CY a?i ??naO i?naեiYեnC Uai:

Uan E?nբեn?aoU բY?IiեEao NեYo ?e?cCY uni?YCo UեYu եnեE?Yեne eIeեoCYu ??iեE «Oeեn» IaaiaO ?U? u?nu?nai, ?U?UC ICe??Y?a?i?UCY բaoe?I?Y ? IեY??Y?I?Y i?n?IuC Nեi: ?Ya ?CY CnեYCo YեnI?U?oYaoU OeեnA? IEan, եnIaoeCo UCYa? aane ICEaգn?U?Yao NOIi?I u?nեn, anaYu I?nIեe ?Ci?ianU?E IaOu-IaOuC ??niեE ?CY? ?aoe?I?YaoAUaoYA NCUY?I?YaoU u?CY?n բaoUeY ?n, CeI UY?o?IC ?YaoYA Uե? N?UiYC a?n? I?n Y?? UC բaoUe, anCY iեO?oCYեnA ?Yi?YaoU ?CY u??eC Eai? ?UY UC Iեe Uեin բ?nOn?YaoU ?n ? ?U? a?? ?E ?nc?Y?O? ?eiaoU ?n, CeI iեn?YեnC ?aE?nեY I?IiaoeCY YU?YiaO, ??i ?aun cnai, aoeaooCI iեn?Yեn ?CY? I?UCY Y?? ?UE բaoUeեn: ??UAU ?U? բaoUeեnCo aեU N?Y?CaaoU? ??i?Y?բ?n aeaգU?Y Nեi??Yuai ?n?Yu iեn?o?Y, ? N?UiYiեoCY Yan բaoe?iեe?IYեn)?

OeեnC IեY??Y?I?Y ??E?nNC NCUY?I?Y YեnI?U?oaooCaYեnA eaOaoYYեn ?CY? i?nբեn iեe?IC uOեn, UaOեeYեn ?iեncCYYեnCe UեYu EEե? ?CYu ?Yi?YaoU, anaiNեi? Uեn IYaOYեnCo ?U?aեe ?CYu EeեE)? I?n Y?? o?U?u?UCY InC?, anA YեnI?UCe ??N??UCY InC?UCo aane-NCYգ ?Yգ?U UեI ?n ? YU?Y a?n ??N??UCY InC?UCY, Yn? I?eaooi?IuA IEan ? aoeaooCI ?n: AeaaoYYեnCo OeեnaoU ?UY A?U?Y?I բY?IiaoU ?CY N?iC UեIaoAU?Y a?? I?u?iYեn ? ?UE AeaaoYYեn, an YaoUYaեe ?UAU aI?Y: ??i ?CY ?OiեeYեnA, Y?a?ei?IYեnA ? գ?UEեnA: ?nեE?YեnCe ao???naoAUaoYA eI?բCo ?եA գn?iեoCY OeեnC UCc?iYեnA? OanեECY UեYu ?Yi?YaoU ?CYu a?ua?uao, anaiNեi? ?U?aեe ?CYu eaianեE Uեn IYaOYեnCo? ?n?Yu ECYaoU եY i?nբեn a??եnC? eIe?I UեI e?YiCUեinCo, UCYa? aoA e?YiCUեin?YaoYեnA, anaYu CnեYo a?O ECYեEao a?i??eai N??Ci AeaaoU ?CY 40-Co UCYa? 60 e?YiCUեin, ? UեYu Nե?iaoAU?Uբ բeYaoU ?CYu ? E?OaoU ?U? UCc?iYեnC Nեi: OeեnC NaOA eaian?I?Y NaOCo i?nբեniaoU ?n Yn?Yai, an I??Ui?I ?n ?i???N?iCIYեnCo ? ??i U?Yn ?a?aoo: o?UCYեn ?e?c?Y?Eao A?U?Y?I ?U? ?a?ao U?Yn N?iCIYեnA բ?nOn?YaoU ?CY iեn?, ? AiaoU ?n, Aե OUեei? U?e?EaoO ? I?YգYaoU, i?eA UեinC in? U?n? U?n?ao a?n iեeYaoU: ?U? ?a?CY EoiaoU ?n U?n?I?Yo ?auեnA, ?I?YcYեnA? O?n?ao U??IA eIeaoU ?n ??u?uiեE ao Ia?i?Y?E: oa?CY բ?nOn?YaoU ?n Uai 500 Uեin բ?nOnaoAU?Y ? բeYaoU UեI i?n?IaoAUaoYYեn, EoiaoU eեYU?IYեnA ? A???YoaoU a?iaoN?YYեnCo:

?UY A?U?Y?I Uan-E?nբեn?C NUaoeCe?UCY IaOUCo ?Ue ?Ycaon Oeեnai (YեnI?UCe ACi 1 ?anaoC IaOuai NaeaO ?U? UեI ?eiC iեOaoU) NaeaoU ?n UC բ?n?ECI ?ei?I, anC cnaoU aa UC IեY??YC ??I ? UC բaoUe aI?n, NaeaoU ?n ??i U?uaon ? aa UC բ?YC aCi?YC a?n: aoYեn IaiC cnC N?U ? ?OCaoAUaoY: ?եi?գ?UaoU, եnբ Uan?գ?iAC IaOUCo cn?Youai caonA եI?i ? Yn?YCo Nեia ?E ?ni???iC cn?YouA eIeեo գanIեE, ?YNեi?o?i ?U? ?ei?IA? E?eYiեEai u?Oon?N?U cnեnCY Ianonեo Cn N?iIaoAUaoYA: Uan?գ?iAC ? ?ni???iC cnեnC Nեi??Yuai iեn?o?i Oeեn N?eI?oaoAUaoYA, ?aEiեo ? բaoe?I?Y ??E?nNA: ?UAU NեiuY ?E aC UY?oեE? ?Yգ?U IեY??Y?I?Y ??E?nNA O???aEiեo, OeC Y?EICY UaOեeYեnA, an aoYեCY iեOC u?nC ? NaOC գaoUY, ?UAU ei?oեE եY I?Y?a գaoUY, CeI CYa iեn?բեniaoU ? ?U? a?n?ni UCc?iYեnCY, Yn?Yu EnCi iեn?o?Y ? Yn?Yo iեOA գn?iեoCY NCU?Y?I?YaoU I?Y?a UanեEYեn, CeI Y?EICY UanեEYեnA Cea?e iեn?o?Y: Uan-E?nբեn?C OeեnaoU ?YOn?Yեn գ?Eao ?եauaoU, բaoe?I?Y I?IIaoUAA Yaen ECYեEao ? NaOaoU E?i aYեnIIiեEao a?i??eai, ?e?c?YaoU ?CY ?aun ?ei?IYեn, ? ?n?Yu UC?Y?Eai NaeaoU ?CY ?եaC OanA? ?U? cnեnA N?i?uiեEai? N?eYaoU ?CY ?NeեEC a??եnC ? anaեe eեE?iYեn NaeaoU ?եaC ?n?n?iU?Y ???i, CeI ?YOn?YեnA ????nեEaoo Nեia, եnբ ?n?A ?UaեnC i?ICo ?aone ?n գ?ECe, ?U? OeեnaoU aa UC EaY?iaoAUaoY a?n ?գ?oiaoU, anaiNեi? ?i???NaOA ?aoi ?n YեnIIaoU caonA:

OeեnC U?IեnեeA CnեYCo YեnI?U?oYaoU ?n UC ?U?UC i?n?IaoAUaoY, եnբ U?n?A u?UEaoU ?n ?U? i?Unեnai, ?UY ia?ianaoAUaoYY ?n aoYեYaoU, an ?YoYaoU ? UC i?Unai, aon iCnaoU ? UեeեE?UCY EeaoAUaoY? ?UեY IaOUCo եn?aoU ?CY OeեnC ?YNn?aaoUn iեe?n?YYեnA? Ue?UE, բaoe??aonI? ?Uaa?e ??U ???Uo A?O?U?IU ?UoI?oUaoO O?? IUaOU??A uni? ??E?i?YuA iեnc?oYեEaoo Nեia, բaEan NCYգ E?nբեn?oCYեnA N?i?uiaoU ?CY E?a?UaoUեYo eեYU?IA? CnեYo A?U?Y?IA բai?Y??I?ECo ?YoI?oYեEao N?U?n? A???գUaoOCo բեnaoU ?CY I?nUCn գCYC ? i?i?nC A?nU UCe, anCo a?in?eiaoU ?CY CnեYo բYunn?YaoU N?UiYC 5 Iեn?In?iեe?I? ?e?iեE i?n?Ii?I ?n ECUU?Y. UCeA E?i IեIaoU ?CY ??Uiai, NեiA E?eYaoU ?CY eaE, I?Y?a U?O???Yae, ?UE N?UեUaoYuYեn, E?i ?O?I U?Yn բEOaon ? a?in?eiaoU? ?aoU-NaoU ?e?Yo ե?եEao Nn?UoYaoU? anaեe aoiեECu գCYao N?U?n: ?U? բaEanA ????IեEaoo Nեia, եnբ in?U??naoAUaoYYեnA ana? a??ai բ?nOn?YaoU ?n, OIniaU?Y ??naoAUaoYA iեnoYaoU ?n Cn Yi?գեEao գanICuA` IE?nYեiA ? Yi?գaoU CnեYo եnInC` E?nբեn?C եnգեnCo, CeI UUaoeYեnA O?UY?IoaoU ?CY, O?UYA բ?nOn?oYaoU, anaiNեi? ?U? OeեnaoU Yn?Yo aa au E?Yգ?naO aI?n: Un?YoCo UC?UY CU N?UnA` ?ao??YU?Y ԳnCգanA, anA NCYգ i?nC I?e?UեE ?n eI?բCo oեeao Uai, Nեi?գ?UaoU ?Y?n?YCIC, եnգaoU ?n e??U?I?Y եnգեn, anaYu UեI aon?EaoAU?Uբ I???N?niaoU ?CY: ?nբ uեyA iեnc?YaoU ?n, eIeaoU ?CY AaoOA E?O?E ?CeI?UբCE ? ?UE AOA?E?Oեn) : ??U?nU? ?UեY un ?Ueaեe ?YoYaoU ?n Uan-E?nբեn?oCYեnC ?eunU?Y, ??i I?YaY?ianaoAUaoY I?n, an N?nբեoaOaoAU?Y aN?eYեn, ?? N?U?niaoU ?n UC iեe?I ?Yբ?naU?I?YaoAUaoY, aoeiC ??i ?գao? ?CY: ?e եnI?n i?nCYեn YI?iեE եU, an aa UC ?Yգ?U Yn?YoCo aa UեICY N?nբ?I iC??IaoU aեU iեeեE:

Uan-E?nբեn?C I?Y?Uu ?բ?OiaoU ?CY iY?UCY iYiեeaoAU?Uբ? E?nբեn?oCYեnC a?in?ei?I ????iեe?IYեnY ?CY` 1. E?nբեn?C ?E?iA? a?in?eiaoU ?CY UC?UY բEOaonCo ? O?iaonU?Uai: 2. OCcaoIai uUaoyA?Y? anA a?in?eiaoU եY բeaoYouC UեIaoAU?Uբ eaian?I?Y uUaoyA?UC YUaoACo, UC?UY ?UY i?nբեnaoAU?Uբ, an ?U? uUaoyA?UC Uեc EoYaoU եY UCeA eaEC Nեi E?eYi?I UaoOai ??Oi?I EoaY ? ե?aoU UaoOai: 3. ??nCe?Y` UCeA O?i?nC Nեi ?UYu?Y ?CY ե?aoU, an UC?E?eYiaoU ?n ? in?Y ?iեE?oYaoU ?n??n UaoO: 4. A?Y?aaon ?ea?e)? eaian?I?Y CYaaեe բaEan N?UեnA: 5. aanA?Yai ????iեe?IYեn ? ?UE ????iեe?IYեn:

EUեEao ? iY?UCY ?UE I?nCuYեnC N?U?n caonA A???գUaoOCo բեnaoU ?CY UեI i?I?eYեnai, ե?C e?UEեnai, UC?i ?E Yn?Yo I?nCuYեnC N?U?n a?n բ?i?I?Y?oYaoU, ?n? N?U?n ?E ??i ?Ai?naoAUaoYYեnC ?e?c ?CY I?YգYaoU: O??C, Ei?ouC ? EaO?Y?Eao cnեnA i?u?oYaoU ?CY anCUaoe ?e?I գanICuai, anA CnեYCo YեnI?U?oYaoU ?n UC N?nU?n?Yu, anC Uեc EoYaoU ?CY Y?iA? ?U? գanICuC IaOuCo N?nU?n?Yuai u?A UOaoU ?CY գanICuC Uեc ? IaOuեnC եnI?AYեnC in? ?niaoU ?n ????U?YA ? ?UE ?U?YYեn: ?U? գanICuC UCcCY U?eaoU գiYiaO «I?aeaoEC» UCcai Y?iAA ? u?A Cn?n E?eYi?I ?aone ?CY ?aniiaoU ? EaooICY i?eեEai? eIeaoU ?n i?eiեE eaian?I?Y գ??C i?e?n?YC YU?Y, ?UY i?nբեnaoAU?Uբ, an գ??A i?eiaoU ? ?e?Yo O?UYC, CeI anCUaoeA y??Eai ?OUaoI ? N?YaoU: ????E, եnբ ??? ?CY ե?aoU, գ?nY?Y?UCY ? ??Y?Y?UCY oaoni եO?Y?ICY, եe YeiaoU ?C ?U? anCUaoeC Uai ? U?Une eIeaoU ?n a?iUեE CnեYo եnInCo, AaonuեnC գ???YaoAUaoYYեnCo, եnգaoU ?n iEaon եnգեn ao E?o ?n ECYaoU? NC?եEai CnեYo եnICnA? a?iUaoU ?U? anCUaoeC IaOUCo ?nO?Ii?I O?UYեnC ???եoaoAU?Y Yեnua, anA eCUyaYC? ?n NC?եoYaoU, եe uYaoU ?C: I?Y?Yo գanIA AեA??oYեEao N?U?n O?U?eEaoCo ??ni???i) N?o AEեEao N?U?n AaYCn բեnեoCY ? iեO?ianեoCY YեnI?UCe oեUեU?Y OCICAC ?OIniCaC) NaO?U?eC AYIaoU?C I?eC iեOaoU: AaYCnA iեO?ianեEaoo Nեia, եnբ ?UեY CYa a?in?ei ?n, UեYu եnեE?Yեnai, ao???Cn Y?UaoU ?CY, u?YC an ?e?cCY ?Yգ?U ?CYu iեeYaoU, Aե CYaaեe ?n AaYCnA i?eiaoU, AaYnC a?iեnCY E?aoU եY EUanA, N?YaoU a?in?eiC E?i??A, an Uե? N?U?n ??i ??nU?Y?EC ?n ? UC?YaoUY A?U?Y?I ?a?aoU, Aե CYaaեe ? գեiYC i?Iai ?aoEA գYaoU ao ?aone ? գ?ECe: O?Une Uե? eaianեoYaoU ?n, an եnInC in? CYa an I?i?niaoU ? ? ?UեY ??I? eIe?I UncUaoYYեnCo UCYa? ?UեY?UեI ?OեnA, ?eiIao UCcaoai եY NaգC ?eեE: ?eaoU ?n, an uOCY ?E ? NaգC iiեE ? UC?YaoUY A?U?Y?I a?iAեE, an Y? Cn IU?YuA ?YoI?oYC eaO?Eai ? NaO aoiեEai? aI?i?Y?: ?aoUeեnCY ?E N?U?naoU ?eiIa a?nգ?A ? unCY?I ?n բեnaoU ?n??I?OCIA, Aե CYaaեe եY Yn? N?iCIYեnA ?U?aեe N?i?e?n?aեe ??e?iani?I IaOu-IaOuC: o?YC an ?UեY CYa I?i?niaoU ? ?eiIao UCcaoai, UեYu aեiu ? I?i?nեYu Yn? I?UuA ? aYեO?oYեYu UեIUեIao? ?e?Yo ?OaAեEao aaեiu ? ???CY UaiեY?E ? aoiեE, N?I?e?I ?եauaoU UեOu գanI?I IECYեYu Yn? ?եU? a?ni??Cn aoiեEaoo aեiu ? ?OaAեCYu` iեnaoY?I?Y ?OaAuA?

?UYao?UեY?UYCi, N???E Aեn?YaoU ?CYu? ?e ?UYu?Y ?C EeեE ?eiIa U?eCY, an CU Uեc UCiu ?e?c?o?i, Aե I?naO ?, an UC un a?i?NC եe iեeYեU ?eiIaoY` ? aao??o?i ?U? unA: OC ?Yգ?U եnեIaU?Y, եnբ ?n?եY N?U?nU? UaoAY AYIեE ?n, եe ? CU N?UnA Uեn ?եYuC N?I?e?I IaOUaoU ?CYu, N?YI?nI ?CU?oC iaoyC u?nեnC IaoUiC Nեi?Co, an A??եE ?CY N?can? ?եYuC ?CY?n?naoAU?Y N?U?n, եn??o UC ?եOY???UE UեI ??Yգi?I? ?e ao???naoAUaoYe E?nեoC, Aե ?? CYa բ?Y ?: ?U? aeIե??UE ??Yգi?IA ?iեEC UեI?o?i ? eIeեo I?U?o-I?U?o iեn բ?nOn?Y?E: ?e ao???naoAUaoYe ?iեEC E?nեoC, եnբ ?U? NeI? ?եOY???UE, aeIեգaoUY ??UEai գaoY?A Iiniեo u?nեnCo, iեe?, an ?U? գaoY?A N?e?n?I գaoY? a?, ?UE Yn? in? YI?iեoC ?auեn, uCA ao բեn?Y ? ?I?YcYեn? ?YUCc?aեe CU UCiuA AYI?i, an ?eii?I եnIYuaoU ?, ? ?n?գ-?n?գ Uiuaie ?Yo?i ???C A?U?Y?Ii? CU a?e?I ?OaAuYեnA? ԳCiեC, an ?eii?I ?UեY CYa iեeYaoU ? ? I?naO ? CYO a?iAեE? U? UC iեe?I EaAae N?U?ouai CYO ?n Y?UaoU? ?U? ?naoAU?Uբ u?n?o?I Y?UaoU ?C, iեeYեU, an Y? I?U?o-I?U?o բ?nOn?YaoU ? եnICYu: ??Ua?iեEai, an Y? Cnau ?eii?IY ?, եnI?n aN?UբեnեoC ? eIeեoC գae?E. - a?a?, ?eii?IA? ??Une N?YI?nI?ICC գ?Eai, UC i?nIU?Y aCU?o?i, Aե CYa ? I?i?niaoU ? CYO N?no iiեo. - ?? CYa եe iեeեE, an ?eii?I եe ?Yi?YaoU: ?e U?iai oaoUo iiեoC ?nIYuC ?եOY?գaoY?A ? ?e?oC. - iեe, ?eii?IA, iaoy u?nեnC եi?Co եI?i ? բ?nOn?YaoU ? եnICYu: ??can? unA բaEanA ?eaoU ?CY, Aե եe CYaaեe ?C EaoeY?ICY ?eii?I N?U?nեE:

Uan-E?nբեn?C IեYo?OA ? I?i?ni?I ?եauեnA ?iեEC NUaoAեO ? a?iIեn?ian YեnI?U?oYեEao N?U?n, eiCai?I եU ?CUեEao UC u?YC ?nI?I?UCY a?iUaoAUaoYYեnC, anaYu բaEanY ?E iեOC եY aoYեoեE 1930 Ai?I?YCY: Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YA գiYiaoU ? ?n??Y-?ni???i E?aoOao NUaoeCeCo-N?n?i, ?n?եEU?Y IaOUaoU գiYiaO 7-n? ICEaUեinC in?? iեncCYe եnեuCo-aane Uեin E?UYaoAUaoY aoYեn, եnIao IaOUCo En?U?iYեn ?n ?ani?I, an ?YOn??cnեnA E?aoOao in?UCo EoiեY ?U? ?eaoY I?U En?U?iA: ?e iեeեE եU E?aoOao I?eaooaoUA? ??E?iaoU ?CY Uai?ian?aեe 15-Co UCYa? 20 բ?YianYեn. ?UեY UC բ?Yian aoYեn Cn Nեi UC բ?nOCI? YeiեEao N?U?n, ? Uaon?? u?n c?n?եEao N?U?n: E?aoOaoY ?aoգ?Nեe ??i ?CY ?aun u?nեnA, բ?YianYեnA N?i?uaoU ?CY ?U? u?nեnA, EoYaoU YeiեEao բ?nOCIC in?, CnեYo Uaon?ai IainեEai iեn?IiaoU ?n E?C ? ?i??C: uni? iեncaoU Yn?Yo OեI?i?nA գ?ECe ? I?i?ni?I գanIA a?iգ?n?IYեnai iեO??aEaoU ? EC?A EoYaoU E?aoOao in?, N?nAեoYaoU, anCo Nեia I?Yn UեuեY?Y ?I?iaIA), ?U? ?ei?I E?C in?UCo ?e?c ? Nեi գY?Eai, eեOUaoU ?n գեiYCY? ?U? բaEanCo Nեia YanCo E?aoOao in? A??aoU ?CY c?n?i?I u?nեnCo ?e?c?o?I ?i??A, ? UեuեY?Y YanCo ?e?c ? Nեi գY?Eai? iեnc?oYaoU ?n գanIA: ?E?aoOC բ?eA CU I?nICuai aեiu ? ?e?c?o?I ECYC ?U? E?C uգi?գanIU?Y a?i??eai): 1930 ?I?Y Ai?I?YYեnCY ?U? E?aoOao NCUY?I?Y in?YeaaniA ե?YեnC e?UEեnY ?CY, ?i?Y?IYեnA ao aoOiեnA, anaYu Uե?? եnեE?YեnCe ??i ?CY Nեi?ununaoU: aoOiեnC a?i??eai YeiaoU ?CYu E?aoOaoo NY?n?ianCYe Nեeao, ?eaoU ?CY, եAե aoOiA AuC U?n?ao in?, iեnu I?e?c?Y?: OեYu ?I?Y?iեe ?CYu ECYaoU, Aե CYaaեe UC aoOiC aaaCo I?aaoU ?CY N?can? aoOiC ?եUuCY N?nU?ni?I N?nU?n?YuCY ? ?U?aեe բaEan 7-8 aoOiեn? ?e?cCY aoOiC in? YeiaoU ?n Yn? iեnA, aoOiA iC?A IeaoU ?n, iեnA aiuai բ?nOn?YaoU ?n i?C in?: aoOiC գY?Eaoo Uե? AiaoU ?n, Aե aoOiC in? Yei?I U?n?A եi ao ?e?c ?n գYaoU EYaoao YU?Y: ?եeA aoOiC UեcuC in? iեO?ianaoU ?CY ?nIOYեnai: ?UեY UC aoOiCY եnIao ?nIO ?n iեO?iani?I, an N?i?e?n?I?ei?I ECYC UեcuC եnIao IaOUեnaoU: aoOiC aiuեnA i???I ? IEan ?CY, ?? N?nU?nեoi?I ?n ?Y?a?iaoU գY?Eao ? ?i??C Uեc aEniեEao N?U?n:

E?aoOai UեI-UեI a?i?N?I?Y ?YoYaoU ?n ?UY A?U?Y?Ii? ?iiaբaoeA: ?UեYCo ??i eCnaoU ?CYu ?UY A?U?Y?Ii? y?UiaYYեnA, anaYu i?ueao ?եn ?CY i?YaoU? ?n?Yo YeiեE?iեOA ???aoI ?n, CYaaեe Uեn ?iiaUեuեY?YեnCYA, in?Y N?nU?n?Yu ?n a?in?eii?I Aե ?YOn?Co, Aե ?n?Co a??ia?YiեEao N?U?n: OC?a?YC ?y?UiaYaCC) iեOA y?UiaYC ?e?cCY U?eaoU ?n ? բ?nOn? OCեnCY OեI?i?nեEao N?U?n? ?UբaOc y?UiaYC Cn?YA YeiaoU ?n eեeanYեnC in?, oYoaoUYեnA UեOU?oYեEao N?U?n: ?nբ եn?aoU ?n y?UiaYA, UեYu եnեE?Yեne i??aoU ? YeiaoU ?CYu y?UiaYC եi?C U?eaoU? eեeanYեnC Uai: Oեn Nn?i?YuCY a?? aI?n: ԳYaoU ?CYu ?եaC O?U?nEaoC ??ni???iC) aoOOaoAU?Uբ ? ?UYiեOCo UC aonC?, a?i?N?I?Y y?UiaYai Nեi ?CYu գ?ECe? Uan-E?nբեn? ?n??YC aoOOaoAU?Uբ:

1931-1932AA., եnբ Uan-E?nբեn?C բY?IaaoAUaoYA UC ?aun ?iեE?o?i, ?aoY?ei?YCo եI?Y OCu?UեEU?YC, OaoUaU?Y ICn?IaeC AYi?YCuYեnA, i?n???nU?YC AYi?YCuA? In?eYa??nCo, O?n??nU?YC AYi?YCuA` E?nբեn?Co, O?nCբU?Y ??iCAC AYi?YCuA? eaoe?ei?YCo, InCUeICo? oեUեU?YYեnC AYi?YCuYեnA, ?nU?iCnCo? ??IaբU?Y ?n?UC AYi?YCuA ? ?UEY: ?U? բaEanC գ?Eao Nեi??Yuai ?iեE?o?i բ?Yian?I?Y aoAA, ? ??E?i?YuA ??e?ianiեo ?UYaեe, an UC U?eA eIeեo ??E?iեE ?CY?n?naoAU?Y in?, CeI UC U?eY ?E ana?եo Uan?գ?iCAC cn?Youai caon բեnեE ? NCUYեE ?UգCYեn: ?e?cCY i?YOC ? EYOanC ?UգCY NCUYiեo YեnI?UCe OեEaU?YC NaO?U?eCo eIe?I ?եaC ?n?եEu? UCYa? EEEEU?Y aեiCIC i?Y UaiեnuA: ?e?cCY iYICYեnC iեOA ?anեECe A???գUaoOC iեO?բYCI AaOaiaon?A ICI?OaoU ?n Uan-E?nբեn?oCYեnC ?U? N?Y?aoգY գanIC in? ? ?eaoU` Uեn A???գUaoOA ?n?եY N?nUaon i?ni? գUaoO ?, ? UեYu ?U? NaOեnA ?Yi?YaoU ?CYu ?YCIi?I NaOեn Yn? N?U?n, an ?U? NaOեnaoU aa UC բaoUe aC ??aoU? Uan-E?nբեn?oCYեnA N??iC a?CY ?eYaoU, բ?oC ?U?, ana?եoCY AanCIU?YC NaO?U?eCo UCYa? ?EaU?YC NaO?U?eA E?OaOC U?iեn iYIեE ? ??եoYեE: ?C?aoU եU, an ?U? A?U?Y?I oեUեU?Y U??YA, an i?nCuai UեI?N?e?I U?n? ?n, եnեIaU?Y iaoY գ?Eaoo a?iUaoU ?n ?U? iYICYեnC ?aeեnA ?anեEao ?Ai?naoAU?Y U?eCY ? CnեYo ?n?Ui?N?U բ?nբ?eai ?eaoU ?n, an ?aeA u?Y?եEao A?U?Y?I uEaoYգA (O??U?Y) ?U? u?nեnCY ?եU ?eYեEai? I?UIեn եY ?e?c?YaoU ? IainiaoU ?: Un?Yu CnեYo եnInC E?nբեn?C բ?nեբեn ao ???aoI NaOեnC Uեc ?U?aCeC եn?aoUAC a?CY N?Y?CaեE: OեI ?Ai?naoAUaoYYեnai, եnբ ?n?եY i?YOC ? EYOanC ?Uգao ??E?i?YuYեnA iեnc?onCY, ?YUCc?aեe eIeեoCY ICn?YC ? ?եOOC ?Uգao iYIU?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA, anA YaoUYaեe N?caOaoAU?Uբ ?i?niեoCY:

Uan-E?nբեn?oCY N?nU?n գi?i ?UAUU?Y cեnUaoC i?n?IaoAUaoYCo UCYa? YեnI?UCe ACi 2 ?anaoC UaiեnuA NCUYեE ICn?YC ? ?եOOC ?UգCYեn: Uan-E?nբեn?C OeեnCo Uai?ian?aեe 600-700 Uեin Nեeao? ?n??Y-?ni???i E?aoOaoo ?n?Uaoiu, i?n?IiaoU ? ?n?n?iU?Y N?nA ???i?i?UnA, aniեO Uai?I? EեeYեnC cnեnA YեnIIiեEai, N?nA?i?UnaoU ?aone ?CY գ?ECe, anaեe ?niե?U?Y ?OբUaonYեn, ? ?U? ?OբUaonYեnC cnեnA N?i?uեEai? ?e?c?oYaoU ?CY ??NC?Yեn ? Ya?ei?ian a?UU?YYեn eiեOIaoU UaI?IYեnC բ??U?oU?Y N?U?n: ?Ue?Y ?UCeYեnCY ?Yi?YեEC a?UU?YYեn ?n ?e?c?YaoU Uai?I? բY?I?i?UnեnC բY?IaaoAU?Y N?U?n, ?U? AiaoU Y?? Yan I?eaooiaO Yan-E?nբեn?oCYեnC: ?nբ գ?ECe ?n եnեIaY UaI?IYեnA i?eYU?I N???nYեnai N?nO?IiaoU ?CY Uե? in?, ?YAY?N?i E?UAaoU, UեYu a?CYu I?naO Yn?Yo Oեeuեnai Nեe?oYեE: Oai?I? A?O?գUaoOC բY?ICaYեnA ?anO aoYեY?Eai? Uե? EanNaon? ?CY i?ECe, an N?nI?ian ? i?i?nC N?n?Co 3-4 iեO In?I i?eեE, anC ?e?c?on?I IECo UaI?IYեnA ??EaեY: ?U? ?YեEao ?եauaoU ?E IECo ?CYu EեO?iaoU, i?Y Eaoe?UaoiYեnA I?IIaoU ?CYu o?Yoai` UaI?IYեnCo a??ia?YiեEao N?U?n, բ?Uo o?YoCo ?E ?CY ?YoYaoU ? E?UAaoU? OaI?IYեnC UC iեe?I I?n, Yn?Y U?E?nC?UC UaI?I ?CY ?Yi?YaoU? ?n?Yo E?UAaoCo ?e?c?YaoU ?n U?E?nC? NCi?Y?aoAUaoYA, ?? ??i ii?Yգ?ian NCi?Y?aoAUaoY ?: ??U?nU? բY?IaaoAU?Y 90 iaIaeA NCi?Y??YaoU ?n ?U? NCi?Y?aoAU?Uբ, NCi?Y?aoAU?Y բYaoUAA Nեi?U?EY ?n. ?U?ei? 36-39 ?eiC??Y ?aգC a?UU?YYեnaoU U?n?A eIeaoU ?n UneեE ? ?aO?oYեE? aniեO an NCi?Y?aoAUaoYA eIeiaoU ?n, aեiu ?n ?YUCc?aեe a?eIեE ? CYau?Y ?an I?n բaEanA EoYեE in?Y, an i?u?Y? ?UYu?Y A?U?Y?I, UCYa? uniCYuA U?nUYCo ?aone i?: O?E?nC?UC ?եU բAC?IYեnA բY?IaaoAU?YA i?ECe ?CY ?եOCY N?բեn, anaYo ECYCY ?CY ?eaoU? ?UYu?Y ECYCY ?CYu EUեE, an N?U?nU? բaEane ?E N?բեnC aեe ?եOY?I ?CYu: ?Aե ?UY A?U?Y?IYեnaoU UiYեCn iYեnA, iaoY aI?n, anC Uեc NCi?Y? a?nI?I aECYեn: ?? ??i ?n ???aoU ??E?i?YuC in?: eiai?I aեiaoAUaoYA Ui?Iեo ?U? NCi?Y?aoAU?Y ?եUY ?eYեEao UCcaoYեn: eIeեoCY ??NC?YեnaoU En?U?iYեn ?anեE, ?aone եI?I ?U? ?niե?U?Y ?OբUaonYեnC cnեnA En?U?iYեnC UCcai գYaoU EoiaoU ?CY ?n????Y, I?U ?n?ue գեiA: ?nC Nեe?Y?Eaoo Nեia ??NC?YեnA aan?o?Y ? Yn?Yo Nեi ?E UaI?IYեnA iեn?o?Y ? iեn?o?i U?E?nC? NCi?Y?aoAUaoYA:

?Yaaեe an U?n?I?UCY ?UեY UC բY?I?i?Un aoYC Cn բY?I?Y unեYuA, Uan-E?nբեn?aoU ?e iեOC ?CY aoYեYaoU IYaoY?Yեn ? U?N?oaoAUaoY? ?e?cCYA 1930A. uգaeiaeC 9-CY ?ao??YU?Y ԳnCգanC AYi?YCuaoU IYiեo UC ?OcCI, ?YaoYA ?nեoCY ?Y?NCi, ??Uo ??գ?YaoYA ?ao??YU?Y ?Yi?YեEao ?aE?nեY, ?UY A?U?Y?Ii? AY?aoYi?I I?nգai, IYY??I?YC Uեc գniեo IYiaOC a?aC ?YaoYai ?Y?NCi ԳnCգanC? ??nեբ?Ei?բ?n ?U? eaianaoUAA Nեi?գ?UaoU iեno?i: ?eI ?e?cCY ?Yգ?U Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YaoU oեUեU?YYեnC AYi?YCuaoU, 18 i?nեI?Y N?e?IaoU, 1932A., i?O?A?U U?N?o?i oեUեU?Y OIniCaC ?OCICAC) եOբ?UnA? oեUեU?Y ?Y?n?YCIA? Uan-E?nբեn?oCYեnA CnեYo Yan ?i?YC N?U?n գեnե?U?Yao NCUYեoCY A???գUaoOC ??UYA??C) գեnե?U?YCo UC uCa Nեeao? N?n?i-?n?եEu, YեnI?UCe eCUaY I?n?aեiU?YC գեnե?U?YC iեOA? ?UY Cբn? Uan-E?nբեn?oCYեnCY գեnե?U?Yao I?e?Uեo UCYa? 1957A.: Un?YCo Nեia Uan-E?nբեn?C գեnե?U?YaoA iեO??aEiեo Uan-E?nբեn?C NaO?U?eC in?? Iեn?YaoC Uai, ?ni???iC cn?YouCo UC ?aun ?n?Uaoiu: Ua?-E?????? ?i?U? «????» ?aoUA aniեO an U?n?CI եY բY?IiaoU, ?UYiեO ?Ya?i??e aեiu ? ?aoY ECYC, ? ?U?aեe ?E եO?i Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YaoU, եnբ UC un Uan-E?nբեn?oCYեnA ?e?iaiU?Y uYCo ?nAY?o?Y, ?եYuC Uai iեe?Y UC UեI e? ?aoY ?e?oCY? AaO e? ?E ECYC Uեn ?aoYA: e? ECYեEao a?i??eai Yn?Y ?Yi?YեoCY ?n?բ: ԳUaoOC բaEan բY?ICaYեnA ??i eCnեoCY ?U? ??YA?

ICn?IC unA Uan-E?nբեn?oC ?CY?n?n-բ?YianYեnC N?YգeiU?Y unY ?n, ?? uգi?գanIaoU ?CY ?n??Y գY?Eao ? CnեYo iYiեe?I?Y I?nCuYեnA Naգ?Eao N?U?n: eaianaoUA ?n ??nOեE, aa Aե ?eaoU ?CY «գYaoU եYu ?n??Y», ?UE ?eaoU ?CY «u?O?u եYu գYaoU»: Uan-E?nբեn?Co ?aone գ?Eai? UiYaoU ?CY E?aoOC ? aiuai ??naoY?IaoU ??Y?a?nNA: O?Y?a?nNA YեnI?UCe ??Y?a?nNC YU?Y aoOCO a?n, ?UE YU?Y ?n գUaoO?I?Y ??Y?a?nNYեnCY: O?Y?a?nNC ?c ao O?E N?ii?IYեnA Oeեn ?CY: Uan-E?nբեn?C ? A???գUaoOC e?NU?YaoU? e? ?n?UC i?Y iեOaoU, գiYiaoU ?n UեnuCY ??e?nA: ?՞Ya ?n CnեYCo YեnI?U?oYaoU ?U? ??e?n ?e?I ?CYaoAUaoYA: ??e?nA գiYiaoU ? E?aoOao ?c N?ii?IaoU O?U?nEaoC գY?Eao ??Y?a?nNCY: ??e?nA UC ?CYaoAUaoY ?n, anA I?eaooi?I ?n OeեnaoU UC ?N?գCY i?n?IaoAU?Y in?. a?nCeaai ?nc???Ii?I UC UեI Nn?a?n?I? Cn uA?Y??I eեYU?IYեnai ? ?UE N?nU?n?YuYեnai? N???Ean? ??Y?a?nNan?YեnCY ea?e?nIեEao N?U?n: a?nCeaYեnA ?a?iեnA) I?eaooi?I ?CY oեECo ? ??i բ?nOn ?CY, Uai 4-5 Uեin ao ??i N?ei: O?Y?a?nNan?YեnA Nեeao iեOեnCo գ?Eai? aoOiեnai, e?UEեnai, ?i?Y?IYեnai UiYaoU ?CY ?U? ??e?n Iaai?I ?CYaoAUaoYA, N?Yգei?YaoU, an ?e?iaiU?Y գY?Y u?O?u ?, UC?YaoUY A?U?Y?I, եnբ u?O?uCo iեn???eYaoU ?CY, UiYaoU ?CY YanCo ??e?n? CnեYo ?an?YuYեnA I?nգ?ianեEao, N?Yգei?Y?Eao ? ?e?iaiU?Y YanCo ??Y?a?nNA ??naoY?IեEao? O?Y?a?nNCo UC ?aun iեn?? iեniեnC ?Uգao, YեnI?UCe ?UYA??C A?YU?IC գanI?n?YC ?CU?o, OeեnaoU գiYiaoU ?n iեnCY ??e?nA? YaoUY N?nU?n?Yuai ? I?e?UaoU YaoUY Ya?i?ICY: E?aoOCY ??naoY?IiaoU ?n OeեnC UCcai? UCYa? YեnI?UCe ??i?n?I-?n??Y ??Y?a?nNC E?aUեnaoIA, anC UC N?ii?IA գYaoU ?n ?եaC Uan?գ?iCA, CeI UUaoe U?eA, Uan?գ?iCAA ?nc?YoեEai, ?n??Y: ?UY A?U?Y?I UC E?aoOC ?n գYaoU I?UaoncC in?Uai ?եaC Uan?գ?iCA, CeI I?UaoncC i?Iai NaeaoU ?n i?Ci, EUեEao cnC aեe U?uaon ?n????Y-Գեi?eCo բեni?I caonA, anai aeaգiaoU ?CY ?UYA??C ???iեnA: O?Y?a?nNA ??naoY?IեEai` բ?A?YiaoU ?CYu OeեnCo ? ?YoYaoU I?Y?a ???iեnC UCcai ? Uan?գ?iAC IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y i?naaoAU?Y ?եYuC Uaiai UiYaoU ?CYu Uan?գ?iCA: Uan?գ?iCAC UCcai գY?oaO ??Y?a?nNA UY?oեE ? ?Y?a?aE, UC?UY aI? ?UY cn?YouA, anC U?uaon caonA գYaoU ?n ?եaC ?UYA??? ?Ueaեe, ??Y?a?nNA ??naoY?IեEai? N?eYaoU ?CYu եnI?AգIC i?Iai ?YoYaO I?UaoncCY, ?a? UեnuCY ?եYգ?iCAC Y?EICY ?anaoC Uaiai, UC ?aun ?nc?YoեEai YեnI?UCe բեY??Eo?I?U?YA, anaiNեi? ?UY A?U?Y?I ?U? iեOaoU բY?IեEC i?n?IaoAUaoY ?n ? U?n?CI ?CY բY?IiaoU, ?YoYaoU ?CYu ?e?c: E?aoOCY ??naoY?IiaoU ?n բ?Yc?n?YaoYեnC UCcai ? N?eYaoU YեnI?UCe IaUCi?eC ?UգCY, CeI ?UY A?U?Y?I ?U? iեOaoU գiYiaoU ?n ?n??Y u?O?uC գեnե?U?YaoA? Գեnե?U?Yao UC ?aun ?e?c գiYiaoU ?n in?Ui?UC a?nIA, anC N?n??YaoAU?Uբ ?n ?n??YC բեn?A? E?aoOCY ??naoY?IեEai YեnI?UCe I?nUCn բ?Y?IC ?aOaoai? UiYaoU ?CY ?UY A?U?Y?Ii? եn??YU?Y ?aoI?Y, anA գiYiaoU ?n YեnI?UCe ICnaiC ?Yi?Y ?Uգao iեOaoU: ?UY A?U?Y?I eaianaoAUaoY I?n? aon an գYaoU ?CY Yan-E?nբեn?oCYեnA, NCYգ Naգai ?CY ? ?Ya?i??e UC?eCY ?CY գYaoU: OC ICn?IC ?U? NCYգ Yan-E?nբեn?oCYեnA գYaoU ?CY u?O?u? CnեYo Nեi i?YեEai ?U? anCUaoeYեnA YanaգեEao, Yn?Yo ? UC?YaoU Y?? Yan-E?nբեn?C ?aoYA? ?n?բA: ?nբ anCUaoeYեnA i?ECe եY i?naեiCY YanaգեEao, ?aoYA YeiaoU ? Y?UaoU ?, Aե aniեO եY ?ni?I anCUaoeYեnA: UeiaoU ? ?Y?i?nC, ?auեnA N?eaoU anCUaoeYեnCY: Uan-E?nբեn?oCYեnA UiYaoU եY ?aoI?? գYaoUYեn I?i?nեEao: ?nNեei?YaoaoU UYaoU եY ?nNեei?YaoC i?naեiA ? ?n?բ ?aoYA: ana? A?U?Y?I ?Yo, ?aoYA ?aone ? գ?ECe, A???eaoU ? YanCo iեn???eYaoU, YeiaoU ao Y?UaoU anCUaoeYեnCY: Uan-E?nբեn?oCYեnA CnեYo գanIA iեnc?oYեEai? գ?ECe եY ?UY A?U?Y?I, եnբ ?aoYA ??nOU?E գY?oեE ?n A???eեEao: Uan-E?nբեn?oCYեnA iեnoYaoU եY CnեYo anCUaoeYեnA ao iեn???eYaoU ?aoI?, ?aoI?UCo գ?ECe եY ?nNեei?Yao, an ??YA iեnoYեY ? գY?Y iaoY? ??YA ?U?iեO aգiYեEai? N?noYaoU եY ?nNեei?YaoC i?naեiCY, Aե ?aoYA C՞Ya եO?i? i?naեiA ?eaoU ? , an ??i Nեi?unuCn ?aoY ?, Yei?I UC?UY anCUaoeCY ?n Y?UaoU, եnբ ?aou iեnonեoCu anCUaoeYեnA ao YanCo գY?oCu ?aoI?, Oեn գY?Eaoo UC ?aun Nեia ?aoYA iեn???nO?i ?nNեei?Yao ?, iեeYեEai, an anCUaoeYեnA iեOaoU aեY, ?YUCc?aեe ??E?i: Uan-E?nբեn?oCYեnA aգiYեEai ??YA, iեn???eYaoU եY եi? ?եaC iaoY: O?Y?a?nNCY, ana? A?U?Y?I ?Yo, ?n?բA գ?ECe ? N?eYaoU ? Uan-E?nբեn?oCYեnCY:

?Uaa?e ??U ?UoI?oUaoO OO?eA Ua?-E??????o?U??A 1930-31 AA. OUe?Y ?UCeYեnCY ?CY?n?n?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA ????nեoiaoU ?n? ??Y?YA ?UեY UC iaoY գYaoU ?n եnեuCo- aane aaE?n? O?iaonU? a?in?eiեEao N?U?n: a?in?eii?I O?iaonU?Y EoYaoU ?CY ?U?YYեnC Uեc ? uգi?գanIaoU OUe?YA: E?nբեn?oCYեnA Y?? ??i ?CY eCnaoU բEOaon. UեI I?Ae?Yեnai oanեYA E??aoU ?CY ? ?eaoU e?i?YYեnC in?, aan?oYեEaoo Nեia, u?nC Uեc ?ani?I iեOaoU, EoYaoU ?CY aan?o?I բEOaonA ? e?Y?ai, anA CnեYCo YեnI?U?oYaoU ?n 15 e?YiCUեin in?U?գIai ? Iեe Uեin եnI?naoAU?Uբ UC IEan ??Ui, N?ni?IaoU ?CY u?nC Uեc Eoi?I բEOaonCY, ?a? caon ?iեE?oYեEai? IեIaoU ?UYu?Y A?U?Y?I, an բEOaonC in?UC Aե?A ?aone գ?n? ?a? YanCo aan?oYaoU ?CY ? u?UaoY i?ECe, an U?uniC: ?nբ բEOaonA a?in?ei ?n, եnI?Yuai ?OaoU ?CY: ?n?եY ?O?o?I բEOaonA uգi?գanIaoU ?CY ??Y???Y iեe?IC ???եn a?in?eiեEao N?U?n: ??oC ?n?YCo a?in?eiaoU ?CY ?nC?i?, YեnI?UCe E????UC YU?Y: oanեYC ?EUaonCo a?in?eiaoU ?CY EUanA, anA E?i??C գY?CIYեnC YU?Y ?n: o?UiC գanICuai գniY?IեEai, E?i??C YU?Y բ?oaoU ?CY ao ?U? EUan E?i??A NanC?aY?I?Y Iin?iaoU YեnI?UCe E????UC E?UYaoAU?Uբ ? ?eaoU ?CY a?n?YYեnC in? aan?Y?Eao: ?U? բaEanCo բ?oC ?YaoU ?CY EaբC, eCeեe, aea ? ?UEY: eYY?C N?noC EaoIaoUCo Nեia Yan-E?nբեn?oCYեnA Uai?I? OeեnCo anaեe i?eեECu բեnaoU ?CY U?i??Y ?u?CY?n), բ?oC ?n?YCo ?iեEC E?i i?eեECu ?n N?U?niaoU ?UY A?U?Y?I ?n?n?iU?Y ???iaoU o?Yi?I բ?Uբ?IC բaoUeC aan?o?I oaOaoYYեnA, anA YU?Y ?n ??UiC: ?i ?U? բ?Uբ?IC aan?o?I oaOaoYYեnA N?YեEai, Cn?n in? ??neեEai, a?n?Yai բեnaoU ?CY ? ??e?ianaoU? anaեe OUեei? i?eեECu: ?U? բaEanC a?in?eiaoAUaoYCo Nեia, Yan-E?nբեn?oC aane AYi?YCuYեnA բY?IiեoCY ?U? ?e?cCY ?եYuaoU, UUaoe ?եYuեnA ?եe a?in?ei a?CY: ?UեY un??i?uiaoU ?CY E?a?UaoC?E?aCI OIniaU?YC) eեYU?IA, anaiNեi? ?U? ?եYuA, anA ?Yi?YiaoU ?n «Uan-E?nբեn?» UC?IY ?n բEaonC in? ao գiYiaoU ?n ?U?UC OeեnC Uեc? UեIaoe?oi?I UUaoe բY?I?i?UnեnCo ? Nեeao ?n A???գUaoOCo Uai?ian?aեe UեI ICEaUեin: ?UY A?U?Y?I A???գUaoOA ??e?iani?I ?n YեnI?UCe ?IaoUբC UaiեnuA, CeI Uan?գ?iCAA Uan-E?nբեn?Co ?եaC NUaoeCe? եnIao ? Iեe IU Nեe?ianaoAU?Y in?: UaoUYu?Y Nեe?ianaoAU?Y in? ?n գiYiaoU Y?? ?E?U??EaoY ?O?nU?n??եYA), CeI ?n?UaoiuaoU ?n?n?iU?Y ???iY ?n, ?n?եEuaoU ?U?UC OeեnY ?CY: ?U? i?ni? OUեeA ??i OUaoY?e?i ?n, ? YanE?nբեn?oCYեnA cnC N?noA EaoIaoU ?CY i?n?e?YC in?: OեI ?U?YYեnC Uեc EoYեEai OUaoYA? N?EեoYaoU ? uգi?գanIaoU ?CY anaեe caon:

??i?uiեEai E?a?UaoC eեYU?IA? CnեYo A?U?Y?IA ?YoI?oYեEao N?U?n, AaoOA ?CY E?OaoU: E?OA iեnc?oYեEaoo Nեia iեnNC?aoU ?CY CnեYo IYY??i?UnA ao ?UեY UեIA a?iUaoU ?n Cn եnInCo, anY ?Yi?YaoU ?CY ?nգCn: ԳnCգan ?ao??YU?YA a?iUaoU ?n, an I?e?UեE ?n anaեe I?U?ian, eI?բaoU oեeao Uai, iեncCYe oեeao ?aNiեEaoo Nեia ?YoեE ?Y?n?YCIC Uai I?e?UեEao ? Yn? Nեi UC?eCY NCYգA i?nC եOեE e??U???I?iYեnaoU: ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC N?UեnC iեO?N?YaoAU?Y ? Iaian?IC EaonA N?eYaoU ? ?OU, aniեOC aoein u?O?uaoU ??E?iaoU ?n ԳnCգan ?ao??YU?YA: EeեEai ?U? ?N?e?eiCI EaonA? iեOC N?UեnA ?UeaCeC UC Iaa եY NOaoU ?UեnCI?UaoU ?anaO N?UեnCY. N?UA Cn?iaoYu aaoYC eaian?I?Y ? բY?I?Y O?ai U?N?Y?Eao, u?YC an AaonuեnA IaianaoU ? iեO?N?Y եY ?YaoU CnեYo N?n???iYեnCY: O?U?nCi N?UA aեiu ? UեeYC AaonuեnC ?եU IeiեEai, CeI aiuեn UեeYaoU եY բY?I?Y U?Nai ? aեY գYaoU anaեe I?U?ian, ?n?Yu N?U?niaoU եY ??գaon?oYեn: a?iUaoU ?n, an CYuA ?YUCc?aեe գniaoU ? I?U?ian, Cn YU?YYեnC Nեi Y?iai N?eYaoU եY OaonU?YeI Y?i?N?YգCeiA, u?YC an aեiեnբaonգC Y?i?N?YգeiC ??Y?a?nNA ??I ?n: OaonU?YeICo I?U?ianYեnCY o?n?I?Y I?e?i?naoAUaoYA iեO??aEaoU ? ??Uei?Y? o?Y?uեeC ?CYian?I?Y ?an?YaoYեnA: ?U?iեO UY?Eai UC u?YC ?UCe? I?U?ianYեnCY I?YaA?oYaoU ? eaianեoYaoU եY ?CYian?I?Y գanIA, aniեO I??U?ianiaoU ? aannan? I?U?ian?I?Y գaoY?A, anC Nn?U?Y?i?n ? Y??Y?IiaoU oեeCY? ( Un?Y ?U?aեe ?CY ?Yi?YaoU i?nCuA UեI ECYեEao a?i??eai): ?CYian?I?Y գanICY iCn?aեiեEaoo Nեia aannan? գaoY?A a?in?eiiaoU ? UեIYեE e??U???I?i? ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?Y: aգ?anaoAU?Uբ a?iUaoU ?, Aե ?n??YC ?UY A?U?Y?Ii? բY?IaaoAUaoYA CYaaեe ?n ??Y?a?nN ?YaoU I?U?ianYեnCY? ?n??YC NCY I?UaoncCo ?YoYեEao A?U?Y?I ?UբaOc գY?C ?CYianYեnC in? YեiaoU ?CY I?OIե?Ycեn ? cեnU բ?o?I?YaaoAUaoYYեnai ??Y?a?nNaoU: O?Y?a?nNA ?YoYaoU ?n ?UAUU?Y ?n??Y-?cUC?ICY U?UnaoOai: ?i ?cUC?IYCo? O?nգ?n?UC I?Uncai, O?eCe EեeA ?YoYեEai, N?eYaoU e??U???I?i?UCY գCI? ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YaoU N?UեnCY iեO?N?YեEao a?i??eai Yn?Yo iY?UCY IեY??YCYեnA` IaiեnY ao aaE?nYեnA, UY?oեE ?CY ?Yiեn, ?U? i?UnեnaoU UեI u?Y?IaoAU?Y ?CY N?eYaoU, YaoUYCeI ?UY a??եnC, an ?YoYեE a?n ECYaoU: ??eYեEai e??U???I?i? ?U? I?U?ianYեnCY UC?oYaoU ?CY o?n?I?Y բ?Y?IC I??UCY, AY?N?Yaon A?Y?Uao ?եU UC?eCY IeiեEao Ya?i??Iai: ?nI?n A?U?Y?I ECYեEai e??U???I?iYեnaoU? ԳnCգan ?ao??YU?YA a?iUaoU ?n, Aե CYaaCeC ?YOYaon?o ?CY IeiaoU I?U?ianYեnA, ? Aaonu ?CYianYեnA ?UեY Iեna Eaoe??aoU ?CY Yn?Yo N?Y?CaեEaoo:

??i?uaoUAYեnC A?U?Y?I ?eaoU ?CY. «ԳnCգan, a?iUCn a?iեn??UC iեe?n?YYեnCo, ? Y? a?iUaoU ?n U?Yn?U?eYanեY? ?C?aoU եU Yn? a?iU?IYեnCo UC ?Cai?I? e??UC ???iaoU eiCY?U?niC A?U?Y?I, եnբ ԳnCգan ?ao??YU?YA U?niC ? բeYiaoU Cn N?I?e?Ian?C Nեi, Cn Nեi?Co եIaO UUaoe Aaonu ?eIU?nA a?in?eiiaoU ? ԳnCգanCY ACIaoYuCo eiCY?N?nեEao: ?n?U?Y?i?nA YI?iaoU ?, an ?eIU?nA eiCY?N?nեEao ? a?in?eiiեE, գaeaoU ?. - ?ao??YU?՛Y, O?՛E AեuiCn: ?ao??YU?YA ?YUCc?aեe AY?aoYaoU ? O?E: Aaonu ?CYianC eiCYC N?ni?IA ?YoYaoU ? ?ao??YU?YC ?anեnA uեnIեEai: ԳnCգanA ?YUCc?aեe ?aoe ? գ?ECe ? EaoaoU AaonuC ?anA: Aaonu ?CYianA ?եYuA գoaoU ?, ?YUCc?aեe բeYaoU ?ao??YU?YC eiCYCo ? aC AaOYaoU an ?anCo N?YC: ?ao??YU?YA eiCai?I Nn?o?YCo In?IaoU ?, aiuC N?ni?Iai E?aoU AaonuC ?anCY ? eiCYA N?YaoU:

I???IYեnC U?eCY a?iUեEai ?eaoU ?n, an Aaonu ?eIU?nA I???ICY e?ne???N?n ?n Y?UaoU? ?C?aoU ?n ?U? ??A?Y iեe?n?YYեnCo UC ?ni?գ: I???IYեnA ECYեEai NUaoi OC?ianYեn ? E?i iCn?aեiեEai ?եYuC ao AnC iեe?ICY? ?Yi?EanեY ?CY N?nO?IiaoU Aaonu ?eIU?nYեnC in?: OC ?Yգ?U, U?niC ???iaoU a?in?eiiեEai N?nO?IU?Y, գaeaoU ?CY UեIA UUaoeCY eCni i?Eai? «Eaai ?oae», ?UeCYuY? «?i?Y IinCn» ? eaonA E?O?oYեEai ? u?e?ina?? N?nO?IiaoU UC ?eIU?nC in?: ?eIU?nA YI?iaoU ?, an I???I NեIU?EA N?nO?IiaoU ? Cn in?, ?YUCc?aեe ?եYuA գoaoU ?, եnIao Oեeuai գEaoEA ?eYaoU OեeuեnC Uեc, «?U??Y» ?eեEai? e? oaoEC YU?Y գae?Eai ??EaaoU ?: I???IA ?eUaoIC aեe N?eYaoU ? ?eIU?nCY ? en?EaOaO ?YaoU? OեI o?iai ?n a?iUaoU, Aե eեi?Yiao?C IeiaoU CYaaեe ? ?aNiեE 4-n? գY?C Nn?U?Y?i?n oեeCY: aoAեO ?YOn? ?n գ?ECe, iեO?YuA N?nA i?n?IaoAUaoY ?n, ? ?YOn?C a?i??eai En?U?iYեnA EoiեE ?CY cnai? ?YN?nU?n iC??I ?n eiեOIiեE, oեEC Uեc ??nAiեEA ??nOեE ?YNY?n? a?i?Nեo ?UYaեe, an գaoY?A AYI?i ?nc?a?iU?Y Uեc, CeI AaonuեnA CnեYo aoAեnA ?YAY?N?i ?iեE?oYaoU ?CY? Uե? iեncY?I?Y N?ni?Iai N?OAեEao N?U?n: 4-n? գY?C Nn?U?Y?i?n oեeCY ?ncեEai En?U?iYեnaoU? En?EaoeaoU ?n ?CYianYեnCY, an E?i a??ia?YiեY: ?nբ ?YoYaoU ?n CYO Uaiai, N?Y?CU?Yեo ao ?e?o. - ??՛Y an?C, aեe iեeYaoU, an գY??IYեnA I?nIaoiC YU?Y եY գ?ECe, գEaoE? o?I a?NCn:

aգC ?n oեeCY, CeI?I?Y ?Uaoo??aoY? ?aEanC N?U?n eCnեEC, I?nIեe ?CYianYեnC N?n???i uեeCY ECYեn? ?YO N?Y?CaեEaoo ana? A?U?Y?I ?Yo EaonA N?e?i Uե?, Aե oեeCY E?iեo A?Y?Uao a?UAaooCI ??aoU?aoU) գY??Iai: ?U?aեe ?CY ?eaoU ?UY գY??ICY, anA ?CaaեEai? եnInan? ?Yգ?U YanCo a?UAaoU ?n ? Yan iեnuեn ?e?c?oYaoU: ?naoAUaoYA ?iեEC i?i?o?i Nn?U?Y?i?nC ?aNiեEao a?i??eai: ?Ya?i??e N?nI?ian ?n , an uգYaoAUaoY N?eYեn, Aե a? ?UեY CYa unN?e?I?Y IECYեn: Oi?IaoU ?CYu, Aե CYaaե՞e ?Y?n?YCICY Eaon N?eoYեYu? OC Iեna UC u?YC Naգai e??U???I?iA ?եOuեEai I?naO?YaoU եY N?eYեE ?Y?n?YCICY? OեYu En?U?iYեnaoU ??i ?Ai?naoAU?Uբ ?CYu ?CU??naoU Uե?YCo UC u?YC ?Yգ?U ??i Uեn N?I?e?Ian?CY? ??YI?nI iեe?Yu, N?I?e?Ian?C ACIaoYuaoU NեIU?EYեnC UC բ??UaoAUaoY, anC ?ec?Co գ?ECe ?n eaCi?I OC?ianA? ?? ?an?i?n ?Y?n?YCIY ?n? U? U?niA i?naoU ?n Yan Iեna. NեIեE??anA U?niC ?n բeYiեE aa Aե ?i?Y??I?Y եO?Y?Iai? Anեnai, ?UE? U?ao?եnYեnai: ?UYaեe an բaEan NեIU?EYեnA ?CYi?I ?CY U?ao?եnYեnai: UU?Y գnaNCo AaonuեnA N?YI?nI?ICC եI?Y ? eIeեoCY ??EaեE, CeI NեIU?EYեnA U?ao?եnYեnai AYA?ouCo NYOaoU ?CY A?Y?UaoY? ana? A?U?Y?I ?Yo AiaoU ?n, Aե e??UC ???iaoU aaE?nC Nai ? a?eIեE, ???iA e??oեE ?n Aaonu?I?Y ?C?IYեnCo: A?Y?Uao a?niaoAUaoYA I?i?nU?E ?n: ?Ue ?Yգ?U AaonuեnA AYI?Y ?nc?a?iU?Y Uեc, ? Uեn ao ?an?i?n ?Y?n?YCIC NեIU?E EUբ?ianaoUYեnC գnaNCo AaonuեnA EnCi IaianiեoCY: ?Y?n?YCIC NեIU?E գaoY?A CYaaեe N?YI?nI?IC N?UiYiեE ?n, N?U?nեEai an Cn գanIA iեnc?oեE ?, ?U?aեe ?E N?YI?nI?IC ?YNեi?o?i:

ԳnCգan ?ao??YU?YA a?iUaoU ?n, an 4-n? գY?C Nn?U?Y?i?n oեeao ?aNiեEaoo Nեia, CYuA ?YoYaoU ? ?an?i?n ?Y?n?YCIC Uai ? I?e?UaoU UCYa? Yn? ??U?ei?YCo Nեe?Y?EA: ?a? ECYaoU ? i?nբեn e??U???I?iYեnaoU? AY?գIaoU ?n, an AaonuC?UC a?niaoAU?Y Nեi??Yuai UեI iեnaoAUaoYYեnA ana?aoU եY, an N?UեnCY CYa an UC i?n?IaoAUaoY N?nI?ian ? i?E? CnեYo N?UnեYC uc?EA eiեOIեEao N?U?n: ?U? N?noai AY?aoYaoU եY ?OU-C anե?C?եYi iCEeaYC aE?YA, aniեO ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC եnբեUYC NaO?i?n?IaoAUaoYCo i?ECe եY e?nC a?UU?Y?գnai UC ?գ?EC i?n?IaoAUaoY? ?? iեOC ? aoYեYaoU 1920 A. uգaeiaeC 10-CY, a?UU?Y?գCnA eian?գnaoU ? AaonuC?UC YեnI?U?oaooCaA, բ?Uo ?U? a?UU?Y?գCnA ?U?aեe ?E UY?o AOAC in?? oեU?E ?A?AaonuA UC Ean?U?YI u?O?u?I?Y E?O ? E?OaoU, UեIYaoU ? OaeIi?? anaEեi?nC?iC ?e?cYan? EեYCYC Uai, anA CnեY YեnI?U?oYaoU ?n ?n?n ??E?nNC բ?Yian-գUaoO?oCYեnC ? A?i?e IYi?IYեnC a??ia?YA: ?A?AaonuCY N?caOiaoU ? EեYCYCY N?Ua?եE, an CYuA Aaonu AaOain?C IaOUCo N?U?O?UY ? ? a?Uu?nեEao ? ui?nեnInU? I?aCi?EC?UC ?եU? I?naO?YaoU ? EեYCYC UCc?UiaoAUaoYA Oեeu բեnեE, an a?iեn??UC AYA?ouaoU AaonuեnCo գեnC iեnoi?I i?AeaoY N???n գեnCYեnCY ?CYC ?UեY CYaai, e??U?I?Y iեEYCI?Uai, N?գaoeiai ao eYY?ai, anaեe?C I?naO?Y? բaE??CIYեnC Nեi a?Uu?nեE CUaեnC?EC?UC ?եU: ?i EեYCYA I?i?naoU ? oեU?E ?A?AaonuC a?UU?YA ao ?CYaoU ?U? i?AeaoY N???n Aaonu գեnCYեnCY ? Y?iեnai ?aE??naoU AaonuC?? AaonuC?UC ?n?եEU?Y N?ii?IaoU UY?oեE ?CY UC?UY UC u?YC N???n I?U?ianYեn ao գ?OA?I?YYեn, anaYo AaonuեnA iեO?N?YեE ?CY CnեYo բY?I?i?UnեnCo, բ?Uo a?CY N?eonեE IaianեE, ? ?U? գ?OA?I?YYեnA UY?oեE ?CY ?n?naoUaoU ? Uai?I? N?UI?I?Y u?O?uYեnaoU: AaonuեnA a?UU?YYեnA Ya?ei?ian գiYեEai ? IaUaoY?nI? գEE?nIYեn N?գoYեEai ? ?eiO IaoYեEai ??I?iYեnCY, ?U? i?oaoY N???n Y?EICY ?CYi?գեnCYեnCY N?YaoU եY UC u?YC N???n I?U?ianYեnC ao գ?OA?I?YYեnC ?եU: a?iUaoU ?n, Aե CYaaեe AaonuեnA N?UեnC in? ICI?OեEai ?eaoU ?CY. «?U N?Uեn, E?i Eeեu, Uե? ai an ?CYեE ?` N?U?naoU ? Oեn a??ia?YA»? ?U? AYA?ouaoU ??U?ei?YC i?n?IuaoU գiYiaO բaE??CIYեnCY գ?OiYC Nn?U?Y ?n CcեoiեE EեYCYC IaOUCo, an բaE??CIU?Y Iaoe?IoaoAU?Y գanICaYեnA (գanI?I?EYեnA) UiYեY N?UI?I?Y ?CYi?I aoAեnC Uեc ? ?CYianYեnCY N?Ua?եY, an ?U? AaonuեnA Oեn եOբ?UnYեnY եY ? ?U?aեe aIn?IեE Yn?Yo in? ? I??U?EaoIեE բ?Y?IA, CYaA I?i?niaoU ?? OaiեYaoU ?n OUեeA, UC u?YC N?nUaon N???n գ?OA?I?YYեn, UեI?U?eYaoAUaoYA` Iեnեn I?Y?Uu ? եnեE?Yեn ao ?YuA??Y anբեn, iIEan, eai?I ? ?Ya??ia?Y UY?o?I, UaiեoaO OUեei? a?UU?YYեnaoU, ??UI?I?Y oni??aoYa EեeYեnC UCcai, OUaoYեnC ? ?UE ?Ai?nCY a?UU?YYեnai ??EaaoU եY, UC?UY Aե aAYIYեY AaonuեnC OեeA: ?եi??YuA ECYaoU ? ?UY, an i?eYU?I N???nYեn IaianiaoU եY oniCo, eaiCo ao UC aYaCY U?eCY ? UC Iեna N?caOiaoU N?eYեE ?aone? eIeiaoU ? Y?N?Yc ?եaC ?Eեue?Y?n?aaE (EեYCY?I?Y)?

??UI?I?Y բ?Y?IA ?e?Yo U?niC բeYiեEao, YեneCo բaE??CIYեnC ?գCi?oC?UC a?i??eai բ?naU?EuiaoU ?? ?nc?Y?eaoAU?Y Uեc ? ?niaoU UC I?nգ?Eae. aaCiC In?IեE AaonuեnC in?, ?U? AaonuեnA ?e?ci? AaonuեnA aեY, ?UE Oեn եOբ?UnYեnY եY, an ?n?Yu N?e?n?I, au?ian գUaoO?oCYեn եY, Cբn Aե Yn?Yu YaoUYaեe IեOեui?I U?n?CI եY N?naoeiYեnC IaOUCo ? a?Uu?naoU եY AY??եU CUaեnC?EC?UC: Un? a?iUեEai, եAե N?UեnA I?neaoU U?ni UOեCY, IN?OAեCY, u?YC an I?neC ?UnaoaoU I?n UեI?u?Y?I ?CY?a???n ? eYY??UAեnu? ?եn?aoU I?UCY N?nUaon?ian Nn?YaAYեn, բ?Uo ?n?YCo aa UC N?iA aIn?Iեo AaonuեnC in?, ?UE AY?N?I?e?IA? EaeեoCYեnC գaoY?A ?e?cCYA ?եYuA գoեo ? գY?oCY oniեoCY CnեYo iYեnA: ?Y?n?YCIA iեeYեEai, an N?UI?I?Y բ?Y?IA բaE??CIU?Y ?գCi?oC?UC Nեi??Yuai u?Uu?UiեE ?, ? N?U?i?n?I Eao??a ? eIeiեE, Cn ?anuCY Nn?U?Y iiեo, an բaEanA CnեYo OCեnCo CcYեY ? ?U? OCեnC in? YeiեoYեY ?Ya??ia?Y I?Y?Yo, եnեE?YեnCY ao IեnեnCY, ? ?CYianYեnA OCեnC e?YOA բeY?I գEECIan Nեe?Y?Y... Ua? E??????? I??O?? ?i?i???U ?I?O?o?U

I?nUCn ?iեi?n?Y եIեOեoCY I??U?IեnaեE ? I?eaooեE ? ?C?? iեn-I?n?aեiU?YA, Y? unCeiaYե?I?Y u?na?C UCcaoai բaoAaoU ?n AaOain?CY ? AaOain?C N?i?u?I ?n?U?I?Y UCcaoYեnai I?eaooեo ?Ue e. I?nUCn ?iեi?n?Y եIեOեoCY? ?aoAiaOYեnCo ??iեnA, բ?oC CnեYo ii?I ?n?U?I?Y UCcaoYեnCo, ??E?iեoCY ?Ue եIեOեoao in? ? I?eaooեoCY ?UY: ?IեOեoao ??E?i?YuYեnA I?i?naoU ?n N?i?i?oU?E AaOaiaon?A` ?e?Yo i?nO?inaoAU?Y: O?I?i?UCY U?eaoU? ?YUCc?aեe ?e?Y iեn?aoU u?Y??Ii?I ? ?eii?I?Uan u?Y??IA: O?I?i?UCY U?eCY? ?n?UaoiuCo ?ni?I ? ԳnCգan Eaoe?ianaC Nao??nO?YA`բ?nOn IOUCY?nC i?YCuC i?I? ?n?UiU?Y IaOUCo? a?iC in? u?Y??Ii?I ? e. O?nIaeC a?iIեnA: ?IեOեoao YեneC O?E a?iCY գեO?niեei?I?Y բ?nOn ????Iai N?nU?nեoi?I ? UIniU?Y ?i???YA: ??i?IA եnեea?ii?I ? enբ?i?? U?nU?nai (65 uU.) , CeI բեUA aoYC UեI Uեin բ?nOnaoAUaoY (I?i?Eai 15 uU): ?եUC UեciեOaoU iեO??ni?I ? ?eii?I?Uan YI?nA: ??n?i?UCY IaOUCo եIեOեoao IaOuC U?eA եnեea?ii?I ? enբ?i?? iaoyai (64 uU.)? ?IեOեoao N?n?i?UCY U?eaoU, IեYinaYaoU? a?iC Eaoe?UaoiCo iեn?, u?Y??Ii?I ? U?nեI?oCY? OեeuեnaoU «U?nեIA», CeI ?iեEC iեn?? բ?nOn Eaoe?UaoiC a?iC in?, ?aun a??C IOUCY?nCY? e. OaoI?eY ?? E?aA OեeuCY? ??n?i-?n?եEuaoU e.?aiN?YYեeC u?Y??IY ?, an Oեeuai բeY?I գnuC in? գni?I ?. «e? ? Ean?YA ?eiIa»: ?IեOեoao ?n?եEU?Y IaOUC Eaoe?UaoiCo iեn?? եe?YIUaoYC IOUCY?nC i?I, e. Գ?anգC u?Y??IY ?? OCao in? Yei?I ? OեeuCY E?aA բeY?I, CeI NUaoeCe-?n?եEuaoU e. O?A?aeC u?Y??IY ?: ?UaoeCeCo? եe?YIUaoYC IOUCY?nC i?I, i?n??Y ?an?i?nC u?Y??IY ?: ?IեOեoao ?n?UiU?Y IaOUC ե?nեnC ?nc?I?UuC i?n?IaoAUaoYA 120 uU. ?, եnեea?ii?I ? enբ?i?? iaoyai, գեiYCo 80 eU. բ?nOnaoAU?Y in?: ?UaoeCe?UCY IaOUCo enբ?i?? iaoyai եnեea?ii?I i?n?IuA I??UaoU ? 80 uU? ?n?UiU?Y ?e?Y iեn?C U?eaoU ??Yգ?I?iaoYY ?: ?IեOեoao բ?nOnaoAUaoYA 20 U. ?: ?IեOեoCY գiYiaoU ? Uan-E?nբեn? ?U?e?Yao?UCY NaO?i?n?IaoAU?Y in?, Uan-E?nբեn?C NaO?U?eC NUaoeCe?UCY I?Un?U?eaoU: ?IեOեoao a?iեnA ??ni?I եY ?nU?iCnC enբ?i?? I?nUCn iaoyai? ?IեOեoao ?CY?n?naoAUaoYA eIeiեE ? 1998 A. ?anCE ?UeCo ? i?եE ? Uai UեI i?nC : ?IեOեoao ?n?UiU?Y IaOUaoU? Uai 15 U. Nեe?ianaoAU?Y in?, E?aC Yեnua u?Y??Ii?I ? ?eii?I?Uan u?Y??IA? բ?nOn գեO?niեei?I?Y O??ianaoUai: ?IեOեoaoo Uai?ian?aեe 40 U. Nեe?ianaoAU?Y in? iեO?iani?I ? ?no?EC ?aNi?I ???i?U?niCIYեnC IaAaOA: ?no?EC ?aNi?I ???i?U?niCIYեnC IaAaOC N?n??YaoAU?Uբ a?in?eii?I ? բ?ouAU? i?O?i?n? N?i?i?oU?EYեnCY ea?e?nIեEao N?U?n: ?եaC NUaoeCe I?eaooi?I ? UC uA?Y??I ?CYaoAUaoY, եIեOեoao iYiեe?I?Y I?nCuYեnA Naգ?Eao N?U?n:

Ua?-E??????? e?E??uA, O?I???iaoUAA ?i ?U?IaaoAUaoUA Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YA գiYiaoU ? ?n??Y u?O?uC N?n?i-?n?եEU?Y I?Un?U?eaoU, ?n?n?iU?Y ???i?i?UnC N?ii?IC N?n??YaoAU?Uբ` e?n?N?nAaoU, ?YUCc?aեe ?n??Y-?ni???i E?aoOao ?n?եEU?Y U?eaoU, aon ?n?n?iU?Y ???i?i?UnA E?aoOao UCcaoai բ?A?YiaoU ? EեeY?UCY e?n?N?nACo, ?eiC??Y?բ?n բ?nOn?YaoU ? ?եaC ?n?եEu: ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC ?UY I??U?IեnaCaYեnA, anaYo գEEaoU UCiu ?n NO?oեE, an ?n?եEU?Y ??U?ei?YaoU YaoUY ?YaoYai Uan-E?nբեn?C I?eaooaoUA Cn?I?Y?oYեCY, EanNn??IoեEai UCUU?Yo Nեi ?UYaեe ?CY Y?E?գIեE, an Yan I?eaooiaO ?i?YA Cn ?CU?գIեnai ECYC NYC a?i?եY? ?CY E?nբեn? u?O?uA գiYiaoU ?n UC բEaonC in? ? ?CU?oA ????n a?a? EեeY ?n: In?գnC NեOCY?IYեnA եnI?n ?YinեEaoo Nեia, ??U?ei?YC EaniNn??UCY C?E?YaoAUaoYYեnC Nեi N?U?O?UYaoAU?Y եY գ?ECe ? AY?aoYaoU YեnI?UCe i?n?IaoAUaoYA, anA YեnI?U?oi?IYեnCo ?e?iեE N?U?a?i?eE?YaoU ?n ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC E?nբեn? u?O?uCY, ?UeCYuY? i?n?IaoAUaoYA EեeY?UCY ?, ?CU?oA ?n?n?i EեeY ?, Yan-E?nբեn?oCY aniեOCo ?E Y?UC, Cn բY?I?i?UnaoU ?U? EեeY ? iեeYaoU:

?nբ 1988 A. ??nբեc?YoCYեnC IaOUCo N?UեnC YI?iU?Uբ oեO?ea?YaoAUaoY Cn?I?Y?oiեo ?, ??i N?Uեn iեO?N?YiեoCY? ?U? A?U?Y?I EY?Cn ?niեo, an iեO?N?Yi?I N?UեnCY aեiu ? բY?IեoYեE N?UnեYC NaOC in?, ? Yan-E?nբեn?oCYեnA, anaYu ??եonեE ?CY ICn?YC E?i ?UգCYեn, anaYo N?Uբ?iA i?n?IiեE ?n ?UեYaon, CYaaեe Y?? E?OaOC բ?nOn iեe?IC ?UգCYեnA ? aoYեCY բ?Yc?n?բaei?Y?UCY IaoEiaon?UC NaO?U?eեn, ?YեnIբ?UanեY ?U? NaO?i?n?IuYեnA iiեoCY բeY?N?Yi?I եOբ?UnYեnCY? բY?IեEC iYեn I?eaooեEao N?U?n: Uan-E?nբեn?C բY?IեEC i?n?IuA գiYiaoU ? ?ni???iC cn?Youai ?եaC N?n?i-?n?Uaoiu? UCYa? O?nU?n??եY գUaoOA ?aoգ?Nեe?բ?n: ?eI E?UYaoAU?Uբ? ?ni???iC cn?YouCo ?եaC ?n?Uaoiu, aon ?n??Y-?ni???iC E?aoOCY ?: Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YA Cn NaO?UCY i?n?IaoAU?Uբ գn?iaoU ? 7.68 u. IU., եnբ iեn?IaoU եYu NեIi?nC, I??UaoU ? 768 N?. NaO?i?n?IaoAUaoY: Uan-E?nբեn?A aoYC` 25 ?aOao, . 10 OեeY?nI?iCnaoAUaoY? U?n??UCY ? N?Yn?aեi?I?Y եYA?I?UaoAU?Y, 2 UCcY?I?nգ ?anao, 2 Ueaon-U?YI?a?niե?, U??IaoA?UCY iaoY, 1 եn?A?i?I?Y ?anao, 1 գn???n?Y, 1 ?UբaoE?ianC?, 1 ?բae?UգC, 1 U?n??Nn?a?n?I, 2 Nao??nO?Y IaAaO? N?Yn?aեi?I?Y եYA?I?UaoAU?Y, 2 U?eY?գCi?oi?I U?YI?iaoY, IեYo?O ea?e?nIU?Y, ?e?inC, eYY?C uբUեIiYեn, U?YI?I?Y uaEեc, a?nC U?n??I?Y EUբ?IYեn: Uan-E?nբեn?C բY?IaaoAUaoYA ?aonc 6700 U?n? ?, բaEanA N?Uեn եY, I?Y UC u?YC ե??CYեn:

?Y?IaaoAU?Y Ai?u?Y?IA, OեeY?nIaoAUaoYYեnA, IaoEiaon-IեYo?O?UCY NCUY?nIYեnA YեnI?U?oYaoU եYu Uan-E?nբեn?C գUaoO?aեiC ??E?i?I??UC u?niaoO?n Գ?գCI ?բn?N?UU?YC iiU?EYեnai: 2001 Ai?I?Y? ???aoAUaoU OI?iaU?U ?e` ??naoAUaoY OIniaU?Ye, IYiեE եU 1903A., գYaoU ?C Eaoe?iana?I?Y գUaoOC ?anaoA, anA eaianեE եU UCYa? 4-n? ??e?n?YA, anCo Nեia N?UI?I?Y Iaian?IA, UUaoe եOբ?Une ? OIniCa OIniaU?YA (IYi?I 1909A.) , uaoUne` ?Oe?բեA OIniaU?YA (IYi?I 1906A), ?anao aC N???EեE: ?nբ in? N?e?i 1896A. Iaian?IC A?U?Y?I AaonuեnA Uane Nan?unacA ?e??YգaoU ? i?YaoU եY ICY? 1915A. AY?N?Yaon Iaian?ICo NCYգ un ?e?c, Uane Nan?unac ?UaoeCYA` Oaoei?y? ?aoeYaoeaoOECY, գ?ECe ? Uեn գUaoOA e?UEai ? Uեn AYi?YCuA iեO??aEaoU ? EaO գUaoOA, aniեO ?anaoU ?CY IեeA Aaonuեn ? IեeA N?Uեn: O?Une eIeեo Ii?i?գanIaoAU?Uբ ?բ?OiեE EaO գUaoOaoU, ei?oi?I գaoU?nA Oaoei?y? ?O?UCYY ?n: ?e aonC?C i?YA N?o?an բ?in?I ?C, եOբ?Une ?n?I?oYaoU ?n NanAեn, uaoUne N?n??YC i?YA եnեE? ?n a?NaoU: iեo ?UCe YaoUY գUaoOaoU UY?Eaoo Nեia Oaoei?y? ?O?Y u?O?uCo (E?nբեn?Co) եI?i գUaoO, ? Uե? N?UiYեo, an I?AaECIYեnCY ? բaOau?I?YYեnCY YեnaoU ? N?Ui?n?niեE? ?ueanեEao N?U?n? ?N?nIե CYuA ??i ?a?U?Yեo ?U? N?Ui?n?naoAU?Y N?U?n, U?Une ??i EY?nեo Nan?unacA (anA Yn? ICYY ?n), an Uե? ?aE??nC u?O?u, u?YC an UեYu բaOau?I?Y եYu? Oaoei?y?Y Uե? iեO??aaEեo u?O?u: OեYu N?Y?CaեoCYu N?U?գUaoO?oC a?iiեEC ?e?iaon ?OaU?YCY, Y? Uե? YեnI?U?onեo գեnU?Y?I?Y anբ?YaoC iեeaoa O?nn ?UU?YCY, an AaiU?eC uaoUnY ?n: ?U Uan IaOUCo aoYեC Nեi?U?E ??գ?I?YYեnA. 2 uեeC` AaiU?e AaiU?eU?Y ? ?nUեY?I ??O??e?nU?Y (??O??e?nU?YA NanCo EanA ?n): AaiU?e AaiU?eU?YA 1906A. գեnU?Y?I?Y anբ?YaoaoU ?n, եnբ N?e?I ? ?eYaoU Y??Y?IaoU եY ?aoI?UC գYan? anբ?YaoC N?U?n: O?nn ?UU?YA AaiU?eC N?i?i?nUaoAUaoYA E?i CU?Y?Eai? ?YUCc?aեe iեOեIaoAUaoY a?N?Ycեo AaiU?eC AYi?YCuC U?eCY (u?YC an AaiU?eC AYi?YCuA գiYiaoU ?n գUaoOaoU, anaYo ?ueanեE ?CY ? aa UC Eaon aaoYեCYu Yn?Yo IեY??YC ECYեEao U?eCY: O?nn ?UU?YA ??i ??eae?o? O?Une EY?nեo, an Cn եOբan E?AnC N?U?n anբ?Yao iեnoYեY Uե?, բ?Uo u?YC an N?Une aOc ?n? ?UեnCI?UaoU, Uե? anբ?Yao aAY?aoYեoCY: OC?UY UC u?YC ?UCe eYY??UAեnu iiեo: ?eI CYa iեn?բեniaoU ? գUaoOCY, N?i?uեoCY iO?U?n?I?Yo ?e?YOCY, Cբn ??Y?a?nNYեnCY ??E?i?oYեEao N?U?n ? ?U? a?ini?IC i?I aaYa?onCY? Oai?I? Iaiu գUaoOC Uai, (ԳUaoYե uaon?C գUaoO) IaianaoU ?CY OanC Uեc: Iaian?IYեnCo Nեia U?Une iY?UCY N?oAaoE ?n (1917A.) oեU?EC A?U?Y?IYեnY ?CY? U? eaoi ???iaoAUaoY iiեo AaOain?CY? 1921 A. unեYu ?aone եI?i? ai an ao?aoU ?, I?naO ? եnInCo գY?E, ?UY N?iI?aեe iեn?բեniaoU ?n IեY??YC UY?o?I ?YY??Y N?UեnCY, anaեe?C գ?Y Oեeu u??եY CnեYo aoYեoi?IuCo, ao I?U?ian եnInCo Nեe?Y?Y:O?Une iC?? iեnonեo, ? գY?oCYu eaonC?? ??Eեa? OեI i?nC ??EեaaoU UY?Eaoo Nեia N?Une ?UեnCI?UCo եI?i un?YeC? ? Uե? ?aE??nեo un?YeC?? 1924 A. N?e?Yu O?neեE: 1924-1929AA. NaoYCe ?UCeA UY?oCYu O?neեEaoU, ? 1929A. I?U?ian եI?Yu eaiեi?I?Y ??U?ei?Y` ?n??Y: OեYu EeեE ?CYu, an ??U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y ?UեnCI?UC UCaoAUaoYA eaiեi?I?Y ??U?ei?YC Nեi N?U?O?UYaoAU?Y ?n եIեE, an ??U?ei?YC i?n?IuaoU E?nբեn? ?YaoYai ?i?Y I?eaooեEao, an Nեi?գ?UaoU UեI?Y?Eai u?O?uC iեn?IiC ? NC?iC ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC E?nբեn? u?O?uA: ?nբ aեiaoAUaoYA E?nբեn?oCYեnC N?U?O?UYaoAU?Uբ N?ei?iեo iեOA , Uե? iեO??aEեoCY A???գUaoO (?UYA??) aane iYiեeaoAUaoYai? OIniaU?Y ?e?iaon, OIniaU?Y ??naoAUaoY, uN?YU?Y E?a?iaon, ?ao??YU?Y ԳnCգan:

OեYu aane AYi?YCuai UY?oCYu A???գUaoOaoU, ?anaoU ?CYu ?aOaUC i?YA: OեI ??բ?A N?Yգei?Y?Eaoo Nեia, ?CY?YUaoA ei?o?Yu: ??iI?oi?I NaO?U?eaoU UեYu 4 AYi?YCuai eIeեoCYu ??E?i?YuA: ini?I NaO?U?eA IaaiaoU ?n Oeեn: ?U?UC ?n, բaoe?I?YaoAUaoYA u?CY?n, e?aaYC Eai, I?a?n ? u?nեn? Cn?n in? A??i?I i?nբեn a??eեnC, CeI caon ?e?IA գaUaoAUaoY aaoYեn? aa aeaգU?Y ? aa ?E EUեEao: ?Ue ?U?UC i?n?IaoAUaoYA գiYiaoU ?n ?ni???iCo (O?U?nEao) ?եaC ?n?եEu, UCYa? aOc?բեn? ?U?UC ?n:eI?բY?I?Y ?nc?YaoU ?՛ ?CY?n?naoAU?Y, ?՛ բY?ICaYեnC EUեEao caonA բեnaoU ?CYu A???գUaoOCo i?I?eai? UեI ?Ai?naoAU?Uբ, u?YC an iեOC 1 AYi?YCuCY N?eYaoU ?n 2 ?aoUE caon: ?CY?n?naoAU?Y OեI?i?nY ?n OեIIեnioC eaoբեY e?YAaonU?YA, CeI ?n??YaoU` OCe?I O??U?YU?YA` ?UեnCI?UC ??U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y UCaoAU?Y aoO?nI?I YեnI?U?oaooCaA: eaiեi?I?Y ??U?ei?YC I?e?i?naoAUaoYA aeaգU?Y cnC N?noA Cn in? iեnonեo? ??YգiC(?n????YC) OanCo, Y?EICY UCeIaUբCY?iC UaiCo cn?You բ?oեo, anCo uգiiեo Yan I?eaooiaO E?nբեn? ?i?YA: iեO?YuA բEn?UCY ECYեEao a?i??eai UaA N?i cnC I?Uaonc I?aiեo` i?Ei?ICo ? ACAեOCo, anA ??i uCa caon ?n բեnaoU:?Ue cn?YouA oCUeե?IiCi գanI?n?YCo, ?aY?E I?U?YC UCcai, ICn?Y?YaoC iեn?Co N?eYaoU ?n YեnI?UCe ACi 1 ?anaoC Uai ? iեnc?YaoU ?n YեnI?UCe ACi 2 ?anaoC UեnO?I?UuaoU: ?e?cCY ?եYuA, an ?i?niiեo 1930 A.?եini?n ?UeCY, YեnI?UCe ?aeiC ?եYuY ?: aane AYi?YCuai iեO??aEiեoCYu A???գUaoOCo: eI?բY?I?Y ?nc?YaoU ?U?u?Ye ?CYu, Nեi?գ?UaoU եI?Y ??iCA O?nCբU?YA, ??IaբU?Y ?n?UA, oեUեU?Y U??YA, U?c?nU?Y I?n?aեiA, ԳaoUaoUcU?Y Գ?anգA, OIniaU?Y e?nգCeA, O?ni?nU?Y ?CnCYA: iեnaNC?U?EYեnA բY?IiեoCY NեnA?I?Y ?i?nii?I ?եYuեnaoU: U?? ????U?Y ??neեOA, OCY?eU?Y e?nգCeA, i?nA??nU?Y i?nA??nA ? OaoYaU?Y ICn?IaeA? ?aoY?ei?YCo ? ?n?aoU?YU?Y aեinaeA? un?YeC?UCo: iեnaNC?U?E U?n?CI 1931 A. ??E?iaoU ?CY, ? eaiEa?aoU ? E?nբեn?C ?CY?n?naoAUaoYaoU: eaiEa?A 1932 A. ECIiC??oC?UC եYA?nIiեo ? UC?oiեo E?nբեn?CY: eaiEa?A գiYiaoU ?n E?nբեn?C NaO?U?eC Uեc ? aoYեn ICn?Y?Yao, Yan?iaoYI I?eեn Y?? E?OaOC ?UգCYեn: 1936A.-CY 9 iYiեeaoAUaoYYեnai IaEiYiեeaoAUaoY I??U?IեnaեoCYu, anC Y?E?գ?NY ?n ?n?U ??IaբU?YA: eI?բY?I?Y ?nc?YaoU IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y եI?UaoiA uCa ?n, anaiNեi? I?eեnA ? ?UգCYեnA Yan ?CY iYIi?I, ??E?i?YuYեnC եI?UaoiA գaU?YaoU ?n ?CY?n?naoAU?Y in? ??E?iեEaoo? UaoUY A?U?Y?I eIeiեo Uan- E?nբեn?C ACi 1 ?anaoC ?CY?n?naoAUaoYA, anC OեI?i?nY ?n ???եEU?Y I?n?aեiA: ?e ?U? A?U?Y?I ??E?iaoU ?C ?CYi?eY?aեi Aե՛ ?anaoC, ? Aե ?եYuեnC in?? ?anaoC ?CY?n?naoAUaoYA Cn?I?Y?oiaoU ?n ?UեnCI?UC N?U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y UCaoAU?Y IaOUCo aoO?nIi?I գaoU?nai, e?I?UY ?anaoA ICe?i UY?o: 1936 A. Uai?ian?aեe 20-25 iYiեeaoAUaoY yn?YeC?UCo Yեnգ?OAեo ? N?ei?iiեoCY Uan-E?nբեn?aoU: ?UեnCI?UC N?U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y UCaoAU?Y UCcaoai ei?oi?I ?iiaYեnA i?ECe ?CYu aեiaoAU?YA, ? aեiaoAUaoYA գY?N?iեo, ?n? ?CU?o ?EեIin?I?Y ?YեnգC? բեnեo ? EUեEao caon: aեiaoAU?Y UCcaoYեnai 1936 A. I?eaooiեo E?eA E?YaoA? Cn N?nU?naoAUaoYYեnai, N?oC ?aoe, N?oC E?YaoA: ?եi?գ?UaoU, եnբ IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYA YUaoA?aեe բ?nեE?iեo, բ?A?Yiեo եnIao բnCգ??C` ?e?cCYC բnCգ???i?nA եe ?C, եnInan?CYA? OCI?iaU?Y OեECueեAA: 1940 A. Uan-E?nբեn?A ?iեEC AY??nO?Iiեo, ??U?ei?YC UUaoe ?nc?YYեnCo, Uan-??U??եiC ???CIU?Y գUaoOCo, ?Ei?UC ?nc?YC a?E?u?C գUaoOCo, CYaaեe Y?? ??U?EեIina գanI?n?YA I?eaooեEao I?a?IoaoAU?Uբ? iեnCY a?nբ?ECo iYiեeaoAUaoYYեn գanIaoOiեoCY Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?Y? CnեYo aoYեo?I aoYեoi?Iuai: ?Y?eaoYYեn, aaE?nYեn, գUaoO-գanICuYեn ? ?UEY: Aե? iiU?E գUaoOեnCo iեn?բY?IiեoCY, բ?Uo ?EC ?U? գUaoOեnC բY?IaaoAU?Y ACiA aa?I?eեo, ?UE ??եo բY?I?Y ??C ?YanNCi: IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYA ??nգ?o?i Uեn ??E?i?YuC, Cn UCcaoYեnC ?YanNCi, ??nI iniեo ?Y?eY?a?NaoAU?YA, aaE?n?բaoIaoAU?YA ? ???i?i?naoAU?YA: 1951A. eIeiեo ??UnեY?I?Y UեI a?iեn??UA, գUaoOC եnCi?e?n?aoAUaoYA Cn U?eY?IoaoAUaoYA բեnեo ??UnեY?I?Y UեI a?iեn??UCY: ?e ?UaoeY?oեE եU 1927A. un?YeC?UC O?neեE u?O?uaoU, oUaeaU?Y e?AեYCIC Nեi? 1928A. O?neեEaoU aoYեo? UեI ?OcCI ??i?I` ?O?iYC OIniaU?Y: ??U?ei?Y N?ei?iiեEaoo Nեia aoYեo? ?e UեI iO? ? եnIao ?OcCI, ?aiN?YYեe OIniaU?Y? 1936A. IYi?I, ? եnIao ?OcCI ?եnUCYե OIniaU?Y (1940A) ? eCni?n? OIniaU?Y (1945A), anaYu բaEanY ?E ?UaoeY?o?I եY: iO?e` ?aiN?YYեeA, ?iiai?nan? ?? aoYեU 11 Aae ? 3 Iae: ?UAU եe IaEiYiեe?I?Y գIai Aa??I?eao եU: ?C?aOaoAU?Y I?nգai I?naO եU ?eեE, an ?aiN?YYեe AEI?iեYoCY (??naoAUaoYU?Y) CU Nan IaOUCo ??գ?Io?I?Y I?a aoYC CYO Nեi? Oեn NCY գUaoOC ?anaoaoU AEI?iեYoCY E?i eaianaoU ?n, E?i O?UY aoYեn ? գեOեoCI ??n?I?Y ?eaO ?n: E?nբեn? u?O?uCo UC u?O?u?oC գ?ECe ? Uեn գUaoOA բ?Uբ?I գYեEao N?U?n? ICn?IC un ?n, UiYaoU ? եIեOեoC? ?nբ EeaoU ? Yn? u?Oon O?UYA, ?eaoU ?? ao՞U iO?Y ?? a?i?eE?YaoU եY, an N?UnA U?N?o?I ? aoYC UC?UY U?Un? ?U? i???e?I?YA N?Ua?aoU ? an?եգnaoU ?, i?YaoU u?O?uC ??n?i uaEեcA: ?UYiեO ?i?niaoU ? aoeaoUA, eI?բY?I?Y ?nc?YaoU aoO?nIaoU եY auY?O? anaեe aoeaooCa? ?a? iեn???eYaoU ? uaEեc, ? Y??Y?IaoU եY eUբ?iU?Y i?nA?n?YC iYiեe? iեncaoU բ?o ? ?YaoU UC ?anao, anA Nեi?գ?UaoU IaaiեE ? AEI?iCYoao ?Yi?Y ?anao:

ԳnC ? ?eYi?I 28. 07. 1978A. e????I ??U??a?i? aaOaeU?U ??Une? aaOaeU?Y ??Un?aեi ??iCAC, IYiեE ? ?E??IեniC O?n?uCECe? գUaoOaoU: 1902 A. 1914 A. ?E??IեniCo գ?OAեEai? բY?IaoAUaoY ? N?ei?iaoU ?a?n?YC O?n?uCECe? գUaoOaoU: 1930 A. iեO??aEiaoU ? Uan-E?nբեn? ?YaoYai I?eaooiaO ?i?Y, CeI U?Une? ??UIao? ?բn?N?UC O?uaU?Y IYiեE ? 1902 A. ?a?n?YC ?nc?YC O?n?uCECe? գUaoOaoU: ?e? eե?n?I ??Un?aեiC aaOaeU?Ye, IYiեE եU 1924 A. ?a?n?YC ?nc?YC O?n?uCECe? գUaoOaoU : 1930 A. iեO??aEiեE եU Uan-E?nբեn? ?YaoYai I?eaooiaO ?i?YA: 1932 A. eaianեE եU Uan-E?nբեn?C UCcY?I?nգ ?anaoaoU ? iեnc?onեE եU 1942 A.? O?eY?IoեE եU ??UnեY?I?Y UեI a?iեn??UCY, 1947 A. iեn???nOեE եU բ?Y?ICo ? UCYa? ?UAU ??E?iaoU եU Uan-E?nբեn?C IianեOեYC y?բnCI?UaoU: A?uE?eU?U ??Ia?

IYiեE եU 1924 A. E?nբեn?C Oե?Cn? u?O?uaoU, ?UAU ??E?iaoU եU ACi 3 ?iia a?nIaoU: ??Une? ?e?uեE ??IaբC ACyECeU?YA IYiեE ? 1894 A. E?nբեn? գ?i?eC ?OեգC գUaoOaoU: O?Une? A?գaoNC ?N?naYC eեyեnU?YA IYiեE ? 1906 A. E?nբեn?C iեnCY u?O?uaoU: ??Une I?naO?YaoU ? ?nIiեE 1915 A. Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?Y IaOUCo I??U?Iեnai?I U?ee?U?I?Y Iaian?ICo: 1930 A., եnբ ??IiaoU ? N?UI?I?Y iեncCY ?anaoA ? եIեOեoaoU aa UC N?U a?n UY?oեE E?nբեn?aoU, N?Une AYi?YCuai Nեe?YaoU ? բYunn?YCo, an Cn ??i?IYեnA aAnu?Y?Y? U? բY?IaoAUaoY ? N?ei?iaoU eCnC?UC ??Eեa u?O?uaoU: ?UaoeYaoAU?Y AYA?ouaoU IYaOYեne aoYեYaoU եY NCYգ եnեE?` եnIao iO? ? եnեu ?OcCI, anaYu բaEanY ?E aOc ? ?eaOc եY ? Uaon?u?YaUaonY ?E CnեYo NեnACY եnեu եnեE?Yեn aoYեY: 1946A . բaEan Yեnգ?OAaO N?UեnC Nեi UեYu ?E iեn???nO?Yu Uեn U?Un N?UnեYCu ? բY?IaoAUaoY N?ei?iեoCYu Uեn ?CY E?nբեn?A N?iեnA?oYaO Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YaoU: ?UeiեO I?e?i?naoAU?Y uգYaoAU?Uբ Uե? i?nI iiեoCY ? I?eaooեoCYu բY?I?n?Y Cn iY?UեnOai: ?e? ACyECeU?Y aեinaee, IYaOYեnCe ?UեY?Inieեn an?CY` IYiեE եU 1937 A. ??Eեa u?O?uaoU? 1946-55 AA. eaianեE ? ?i?niեE եU Uan-E?nբեn?C UCcY?I?nգ ?anaoA: 1958 A. UCYa? ?Ueun ??E?iaoU եU ?n??YC N??iCa UեuեY?YեnC գanI?n?YaoU: 1946 A. ?UaoeY?oեE եU ? I??UեE AYi?YCu? ?AU aoYեU UեI ?OcCI ? եnIao iO?: OI?i?a O?E?oe?A? ??I??aU?U

??Une? OեECueեA OIniCaC ?CIեnaU?YA, IYiեE ? 1901 A. E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC ???U??եY գUaoOaoU: O?Une? e?e? e?nգCeC ?CIեnaU?YA ,IYiեE ? 1904 A. aanOեE գUaoOaoU? 1920 A. IYaOYեne AaonuC?UCo գ?OAեE եY ? բY?IaoAUaoY N?ei?iեE eCnC?UC ??Eեa u?O?uaoU: ?e OIniCa OեECueեAC ?CIեnaU?Ye IYiեE եU 1924 A. ??Eեa u?O?uaoU: 1928 A. Yեnգ?OAեE եYu un?YeC? ? ?anեE UCYa? 1936 A., anCo Nեia YaoUY AiC U?UCeC 9-CY Yեnգ?OAեE եYu eaiեi?I?Y ??U?ei?Y ? բY?IaoAUaoY N?ei?iեE Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YaoU? 1936-1942 AA. N?Une ??E?iեE ? IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYaoU? anaեe բnCգ??Cn: ?e eaianեE եU Uan-E?nբեn?C ?anaoaoU ? ?i?niեE 10-n? ??e?n?YA, anCo Nեia 1942 A. եe ? N?Une UեIYեE եYu eaiեi?I?Y բ?Y?I ? U?eY?IoեE ??UnեY?I?Y UեI a?iեn??UCY: 1943 A. IեnaC i?I ?aNiaoU ? N?Une, CeI եe UCYa? 1946 A. բ?Y?IaoU I?e?UեEaoo Nեia, ?an?oniaoU եU, iեn???eYaoU iaoY, ??E?i?YuC ?YoYaoU IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYaoU ? UCYa? 1971A. ?UYiեO ??E?iaoU anaեe N??i?a?N, anCo Nեia ??E?i?YuC ?YoYaoU O?eCeC ?nc?YaoU AaOInAբ?AYaoU? anaեe գEE?ian N??i?a?N: aoYեU եnIao iO? ? UեI ?OcCI, anaYu aoYեY բ?nOn?գaoUY InAaoAUaoY: ԳnC ? ?eYi?I 20.02.1977 A. ei?o?U ??o??? ei?o?UU?U

IYiեE եU 1908 A. ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC ACE գUaoOaoU, NaO?գanIC AYi?YCuaoU: Oեn AYi?YCuA 15 NaգC ?n: ACE գUaoOA բ?OI?o?I ?n Uai 120 AYi?YCuCo UեI?U?eYaoAUaoYA I??UaoU ?n N?Uեn, I?UCY Y?? Aaonuեn, un?եn, բa??Yեn: ԳUaoOC N?n?i-?n?եEU?Y U?eaoU I?n 3 եIեOեoC ? UեI ?anao, UեI բեn?: iեncCYe ?iեniեE ?n ?YNC?եEC A?U?Y?IYեnCo: Oaon?? ? ??n?i գեiեnA Cn?n E?eYi?I? ?YoYaoU ?CY բեn?C i?ICo: Գ?nY?Y ?UCeYեnCY i?n?naoU ?n գեiA` Cn Nեi բեnեEai UեI u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ I?eեn: ԳUaoO?oCYեnA գեiCo ?aone ?CY բեnaoU CnեYo OUեei? i?eեECuA: ԳUaoOC Uai I?n UC UեI u?n?Un, aniեO I?nեEC ?n Uai 1000 aaE?n iեO?ianեE: ?Ue?YA, եnբ UեYu aoEեn, գ?eYեn ?CYu i?YaoU ?n?I?oYեEao, UiYaoU ?CYu u?n?Un e?eaoUo aoiեEao, CeI OUեeA գYaoU ?CYu ? EaO?YaoU u?n?UnC i?u cnեnaoU? ?e UCYa? NCU? ?U?aCeC Nn??uC aեU N?Y?CaեE: aoYեCYu ??i բեnnC NaOեn? i?nCY 2 ?Yգ?U բեnu ?n i?ECe: ?YaaCeC aiaoO ao?եe I?n: ?U?aCeC auY?O եnICn ?UE?e aեU iեeեE: ?EYեEai գUaoOC ?CnuCo, եIեOեoCYեnC u?Y?ICo, գUaoOC UեIեnA ?eaoU ?CY, an ?Ue գUaoOA Y?EICYaoU եOեE ? u?O?u, բ?Uo եnIn???nACo u?Y?iեE ?, ana? A?U?Y?ICo Nեia ??nOU?E բY?IaaoAUaoY ? N?ei?iiեE: Aei Nane a?iU?IC? եe IYiեE եU 1908 A., եnբ eaoEA?Y ??UC? բeY?aեiCY գ?NAYIեo եY ?nեE ? AaonuեnC ?e?Iai «?aonU?i», anA Y??Y?IaoU ? բaEan ??գեnCY N?i?e?naoAUaoY, բ?Uo Cn?I?YaoU եnCiAaonuեnA N?UեnC N?U?n IaoO?I ?CY Y?E?a?in?eiեE: U?Eu?Y ?U?, N?UեnA aa UC ??i?n?YaoU, aa UC ?iU?YaoU Cn?iaoYu aaoYեCY EaeեEao, AaonuեnC ?e?I eaoiA ?e?iեE Y??Y?IaoAUaoY aoYեn, u?Y N?UեnC ?C?iA: ??U AaOaiaon?A UC?i բaOauեE ? ?Y?n??naoAU?Y, ?YN?i?e?naoAU?Y ?եU? eIe?I ?եe 1895-1896 AA., բ?Uo aa UC ?n?UaoYuC a?n N?eեE: 1896 A. UեI Iaian?IYեn եO?Y NCU?n a?i??e?բ?YaoAU?Uբ, Aե CYaao եu բaOauaoU?

Aaonu?I?Y I?e?i?naoAUaoYA NaO??aonI ?n ?nեE N?UեnCY, NaOեnA բեIեnCo iեnoYaoU ?CY i?nO?I?EaoAU?Uբ, U??IaoU ?CY, 7-Co 1-A i?ECe ?CY aեiaoAU?YA, UY?o?IA ICeaoU ?CY NaO?iCnac Nեi: a?i?NaoU ?n, an ?U? i?nC բեnuA E?i a?n ECYaoU, NaO?iեnA a?niuai ?n i?ECe, iaIaeai UCYa? UUaoe i?nC ? ?U?aCeai UC Iեna գUaoO?oCY a??ia?YaoU ?n Cn գaUaoAUaoYA, ECYaoU ?CY ?iեEC ??A?Y ?եauեn, an ?CYi?I Aaonu I?U uaon? ?i???IYեnA գC?եnA UiYaoU ?CY N?UեnC iYեnA, A?E?YaoU ?CY եO?I aեO?I գaoUuA ? ?Y?eaoYYեnA, ?CU??nեEao ?եauaoU IaianaoU Yn?Yo: ?Aե UC գեOեoCI N?U ?OcCI I?U ICY ?CY iեeYaoU, ?e??YգaoU ?CY, եnբ N?UA գYaoU ?n բaOauեEao aa UեIA a?n EeaoU: ?i ?Ueaեe ??naoY?I IեOեuեE ao i?YcեE եY N?UեnCY?

1908 A., եnբ N?UեnC a?Iեni?ian ???iaoAUaoYA iniեo, N?UեnCY ?CYian i?n?Y? 1914 A., UCYa eaoe-Aaonu?I?Y a?iեn??UA eIeեEA, բaEan N?U եnCi?e?n?YեnCY iեnonեoCY Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?I: ?U? A?U?Y?I ana? u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ N?Uեn ?nIiեEao N?U?n ?Yo?Y eaoeC IaOUA, բ?Uo Aaonu?I?Y I?e?i?naoAUaoYA ?au?AaO a?nեo ?U? բ?YA? ?n ???Y?IoCY? ԳեnU?YC?UCY ?CUեo, Aե N?UեnA CYO ??i???YaoU եY, C՞Ya ?YեU, Y? ?eեE ?n? N?UեnCY iեO?N?Y ?n?, ?ueanCn ?Y?a?iYեnA? A?EC?A ? ?Yiեn ????YեnA բaEanaiCY aonC? UCcaoYեnC ?CUեoCY, N?Ui?n?naoAUaoYYեn iiեoCY. an բaEan N?UեnA, aiuեn ?եYu aoYեY, բեnեY N?YOYեY aեiaoAU?YA, aN?YOYեEao ?եauaoU, եAե an?? iYCo ?եYu N?YեY ?UբaOc, AYi?YCuA I?UnեYu: ?U?aեe բaEan ?եYuեnA N?i?uեoCY, aiuեn aaoYեCY, eiCaեoCY ?aOai ?eYեE, N?YOYեE aեiaoAU?YA, CeI aiuեn ?aO aaoYեCY ? ?եYu aaoYեCY N?YOYեEao, ?UYu?Y ?CY IեIaoU, an I?U U?N?YaoU ?n, I?U U?N?UեnO iC??IC ?n N?eYaoU: ?n?YCo Nեia, CYau?Y Ui?ian?I?Y ? EեE?oC U?n?CI I?n, N?i?uեoCY EonեoCY բ?YiեnA, CeI Yn?Yo, aoU i?nեE ?CY ?CYian, Nn?o?YC ?aE?nեY OեeuեnA iiեoCY բ?N ? uEaoYգ, Aե aեiu ? ??Y?a?nNYեn ?CYեu? ?U?aCeai eIeեoCY IaianեE ?CYianYեnCY, CeI aoU բ?Yi?nIեE ?CY, N?YaoU ?CY բ?YiCo, Aե Oե? aoO?nIaoU եYu aonC?? O?Y?a?nNCY բaEanCY IaianaoU ?CY? ?U NanY ?E ?CY բ?Yi?nIեE anaեe գUaoOC i?Yaoiեn, բ?EiC բեnU?Uբ ?U? բ?YiC iեn?I?oaoYեnCo UեIA I?YaA ? եOեE Nane, ?eեE ?. « ??u?n uCni?, եe uao N?oA ??i եU IեnեE, aեU I?naO Uae?Y?E, ao?aoU եU uե? UC E?iaoAUaoY ?YեE, գC?եnA Oե? i?YaoU եY ea?YեEao, Oե? ?aone I?YեU բ?YiCo, I?naO եe ??EaեE ao uao բ?EiCo I???iiեe, Aե IUY?e? CU գanIA a?? ?e CU E?iaoAUaoYA I?YեU»? ??Une ?eեE ?? E?i, ?Ueu?YY ?E CYO բ?i?I?Y ?: ԳC?եnA? A?UA UեIC-եnIaoeC IaOUեnA ?aone ? N?YaoU բեn?Co, ?eaoU ?? գY?՛ ua բ?EiY ?? ??Une Ui?IaoU ?? ao՞n գY?E. iaoY aC I?naO գ?E? YanCo IբeYեY? ana?aoU ? գY?E E?nեeCI ?YaoYai գUaoO, aon UC I?YaA բեI aoYեn, ueU?Y ?եIA, գaooե՞ Y? ?nIC CnեY? ?i գC?եnai գYaoU ?U? ?եIC iaoY, բ?nեբ?Ei?բ?n aa au aC N?Y?CaaoU, եnբ I?e?YեnA iեeYaoU եY Nane, ??nU?YaoU եY, Aե CYaaե՞e ? եIեE, an U?n? aC N?Y?CaեE? Eaon եY i?ECe ?եICY, Aե ??u?n uCni?Y եIեE ?? aC N?i?iaoU, ?eaoU ?? բեnեu CYO Uai? ?nբ iեeYaoU եY, ?auեnA inanaoU ? ? ?eaoU? ??u?n uCni?, ?U? ?ao՞ եe? ?U?aեe InIYaoU ? UC u?YC ?Yգ?U?

- ?ե an եIեE եe, u?YC եe ao iO?e aOc եYu, ?ao I?anեe Uե? Uai, Aaonu?I?Y I?e?i?naoAUaoYA ana?aoU ? N?YեE, aiuեn N?U a?NեY, Yn?Yo iaoYA I?UnեY? ?ane ??aեEao գC?եnA, UC i?eC a?? aeiCI?YYեn? ?eE?Y ?եIC գEE?ianaoAU?Uբ, Ui?Y Uեn iaoY, eIeեoCY u?naou?Y? ?YեE Uեn iaoYA, Uane I?YaեoCY eIeեoCY IեIեE, Aե ?UaoeYao? iեOA ?e?, ??EեE ? բ?YiCo? O?Une ?aaoU ?n, an Y? iaoY aC եIեE, aեYu iեeեE? ?U? գ???YYեnA գaeaoU, N?UNaUaoU ?CY, Aե eaoi եe ?eaoU, iեncA ??i i?YcեEaoo Nեia AaOCY գY?oCY: OC u?YC unCo Nեia, եnեIaU?Y A?UA Uai?ian?aեe 8-10-A, UC 20-C a?? OC?ianYեn? ?eE?Y ?եI IaaեoU?EC գEE?ianaoAU?Uբ, YեnEaoAեoCY Uեn iaoY, Aե aniե՞O ? ??u?nA, ?aoi iեOA ?eեu, Aե a? ?UբaOc AYi?YCuA enC Iu??եYu? Oane, եnIao NanեOբane I?Y?Yo բեnեoCY, eIeեoCY IեIեE, Aե ?eեu aniե՞O ? ??u?nA: ??i a?Yo?I, UեI ?E iեe?Yu UC u?YC A?եnA I?a?I Uեn գUaoOC U?n?I?YoCo բեnCY Uեn բ?I, UC եnIao A?U Nեia YanCo 10-12 NaգC բեnեoCY ? ?UբaOc գC?եnA բեnեoCY-բեnեoCY? ?e?iai Eaoe??եUCY UեYu Yan ?CYu eIeեE ?auYեne ??IեE, եnբ aoAեO In?IaoC, ?OUaoI-?O?O?I, E?oC O?UYեn EeեoCYu, iեn Ae?Yu iեOYեnCoe, եnեE?Yեnai i??եoCYu բ?I, iեeYեYu ?C?IYեn: ?C?IYեnC in? A??i?I ?nUaoYA գեiC aեe NaeaoU ?n? OեYu i?Eեo?I, E?o ECYեEai ??E?Yu, Ui?Yu i?Y ?YIUaoYYեnA ao ?եOuեnCo e?ne???I Y?UaoU ?CYu? ԳY??I?N?naoAUaoYCo Nեia ?C?IYեnA ?ncaoU ?CY, anA an a?n U?N?oեE, I?oCYai ea?YaoU ?CY Uեn ?auC ?e?c? OC ??բ?A ?C?IYեnA UY?oCY Uեn բ?IaoU, AaoUE a?CY i?ECe A?OեEao? ?UYaCeC eaeI?EC Nai ?n AYIեE ?U?ei? ?U? ?aգ unեnCY, iեnc?aեe UC Iեna i?n?Y ?C?IYեnA, բ?Uo YanCo eaeI?EC Nai ?n գ?ECe: OC ??բ?A Nեia YanCo OC?ianYեn եI?Y Uեn գUaoO, N?i?uեoCY բaEan I?Y?Yo ? եnեE?YեnCY, I?YգYեonCY գUaoOC IեYinaYaoU ? I?YaեoCY գUaoOC AaonuեnCY ? un?եnCY? a՞i o?YI?YaoU եY եnեE? a?NեE՞ Aaonu ? UaoN?Uե??I?Y ??nOYեE, AaO գ?Y, iեnoYեY? Anu?I?Y I?e?i?naoAUaoYA Nn?U?Y ?n ?nO?IեE UCYa? 14 i?nC N?e?I aoYեoaOYեnCY NY?n?ianaoAU?Y ?եauaoU aea?YեE, Aaonu?oYեE, CeI ?n?YCo բ?nOnեnCY ea?YեE? Oեn iYCo 6 եnեE?Yեn ?CYu. 3-A NanեOբane, 3-A UեYu` եe, uaoUne ? 2-5 i?nեI?Y եOբ?Une? Oեn N?n??Y uaon?A եI?i, Aե ??u?nC եnեE?YեnCY եe Ia?NեU Uե? aaneCe iեnonեo, CeI ?aunYեnCY aiեnonեo: Oե? iեnonեo ?UY a?UU?Yai, an Uեn iaoYA Cn բaEan aoYեoi?Iuai a?iI?Yեn Uե? a?NaOCY: ?U?aCeC unեYu I?n ? UեI aonC? ?niaYaoAUaoY. I?Y?Uu, anaYu ao?aoU ?CY ?UaoeY?Y?E AaonuեnC, Nեi AaoUE?iniaoU ?n, CeI eCnaoY ?OcCIYեnC N?U?n Eaeu aI?n, ?aeai i?YaoU ?CY, Aե a?CY o?YI?YaoU? ea?YaoU ?CY: Oեn գUaoOCo UC u?YC IU. Nեe?ianaoAU?Y in? UC ?aunCI Aaonu?I?Y գUaoO I?n ?YaoYA ?aeuYե: ?UYiեO Nane I?YaAYեnCo UեIA N?Y?CaaoU ? Uane, iեeYaoU եnեE?Y գnI?I,?U?ei? ?aգCY u?UEեEai, CeIaoUY ??Y?aaoU ? ? ?eaoU? uaoUnCI, ?U? եnեE?YեnCY UC i?nեu NեiYեn?, UեOu եY, AaOեu Uեn i?YA UY?Y? ?Aե iեn???eY?u, Oեn եnեE?YեnY եY, i?nեu, եAե aiեn???eY?u ?ueanCo, AaO UեI?Y?Y CnեYo N?U?n: ?nեE?YեnCY eiCai?I i?ECe եY, ?UE եEu aI?n: Un?Yo i?YaoU եY Oao??n Iaai?I UC UեI գեiC ??CY, Aե Yeiեu N?Yգei?oեu? OC Iեe A?U N?Yգei?Y?Eaoo Nեia ?eaoU եY? aiuեn aeIC I?U aeIU? ??n?եn aoYեY, AaO i?Y Uե?, an բ?o AaOեYu (e? a?iUaoU ?n CU NanեOբane ICYA, anA IեY??YC ?n UY?oեE ?C?IYեnC i?I)? oaOեnA N?i?uեEaoo Nեia en?Yo բeY?բ?naoU եY ao IaianaoU enեnai? ?aգYեEaoo N?Ui?n?naoU եY? aiuեn IեY??YC եY, AaO I?YգYեY Nn?o?Yai E?եYu, Aե aa I?oCYai Iea?YեYu: EեO? U?Une IեY??YC ? ECYaoU, iեn ? IեYaoU Aե a?, E?aoU եY eniCY U?N?YaoU ?, բ?Uo NanեOբane ICYA եnIao iեOCo iCn?ian AYI?I ? ECYaoU ?C?IYեnC i?I:

IaianեEaoo Nեia ?C?IYեnCY u??aoU EoYaoU եY գեiA? aiuCo u??եEao A?U?Y?I NanեOբane ICYA IեY??YC ? ECYaoU, u??aOY ?eaoU ?? N? գU?iaon, ?եe IեY??YC եe, iեnoYaoU ? UC u?n E?aoU գEECY? ?ե NCUC e?iICn, ao գoaoU գեiA? ?C?IYեnY ?UYu?Y ??i եY ECYaoU, an caonA aC I?naO?YaoU i?YեE, Cn?n Ia?I եY UYaoU: AaonuեnA N?Ua?iaoU եY, an IեY??YC U?n? aI?, AaOYaoU-գYaoU եY? ?n?եY ao? գC?եn ? ECYaoU? ?e?iai EaoUeA բ?oiեEaoY aեe NanեOբane ICYA, anA U?N?o?I aC ECYaoU, aoAեnA N?i?uaoU ?, գեiCo ?aone գ?ECe, aiuC ? I?YգYaoU, ?anեnA u?UaoU? ao?aoU ? ??nAiեE? ?Y IaOUCo UC Aa??E Aaonu? ??CY Yei?I, գ?ECe գae?Eai, Aե գU?iaon ?ao ?եe a՞Oc եe UY?oեE, ea?eC գ?U uե? Anai ea?YեU? ??nեբ?Ei?բ?n NanեOբane ICYA գեiC UUaoe ??CY ? ECYaoU? ?U?aեe ?nY???O?E, գEaoEA c?n?i?I, եnIao iեOCo iCn?ian, գYaoU ?, CYuY ?E aգCiC, Aե aon iեnc?aեe N?eYaoU ? NaiCiYեnC in?YYեnCY, e?eiCI I?n?i ? ECYaoU, UaiեYaoU ? ?OբUaonCY, an caon EUC? ?UYiեO UեI N?i ICY ? I?YգY?I ECYaoU? ?YuA ?auai u?nA բa?? ? ECYaoU? e? an iեeYaoU ? NanեOբane IYacA ?U? iC??IaoU, ??EaaoU ?, ?YUCc?aեe գYaoU CnեYo u?եY, eIեeaonCY ?eaoU ?. - O?U?, UC N?i iCn?iani?I ICY iեe? ?OբUaonC in?, aYo an ??u?nC N?ne eaoEA?YY ?n?

eIեeaonA ??nU?YaoU ?, Aե aC I?naO a?i?NեE? ?nIaoeA գ?ECe եY, iեeYaoU եY, an ?C?i ?: ?YUCc?aեe iեnoYaoU i?YaoU եY u?եY, eIeaoU եY Ei?Y?E iեnuեnA? ?a? eIeaoU եY iեnuեnA բaoAեE? 2 N?i գY??I եY N?YaoU U?nUYC UCcCo, գEEC U??եnA E?eYaoU եY, UaoO եY N?EaoU, EoYaoU iեnuC in?, anaեe?C iեnuC Uեc եO?I an?եnA e?iIեY ao ?U?aեe բaoAaoU եY: iեn???eY?Yu CYO. CYaaեe iեn?aoU Y?եoC Uեn N?n??Y uaon?A Uե? 4 եnեE?YեnCe iեnonեo Cn EY?U?I?EaoAU?Y i?I, AaOYեEai Cn բEբE?I iaoYA, N?i?uեo Cn եnեE?YեnCY ? IYac Nեi եI?i Uեn i?Y in?: OC ?UCe UC?eCY UY?oCYu ?Ueaեe? Oեn N?n??Y գUaoOCo UC Aaonu եI?i, NanեOբane iO? e?N?ICY iեnonեo-i?n?i, UY?oCYu եnեuai` եe, uaoUne ? NanեOբane ?OcCIA` eCn?Yao?A: OC un Uեn N?n??Y un?C ICYA CYa-an գanIai գYaoU ? ?anuYե? ?UY ?O?UC iaoY, an Uեn եnեE?YեnCY iեnonեE ?n a?NեEao: ?Oբane ?YaoYA EanեY ?n, NanեOբane iO?UC ?YaoYA Eaenai, CU?YaoU ?, an Uեn եnեE?YեnA ?U?iեO եY? ??Uo EaenaiA AYIեE ?n գեiA, an ?YUCc?aեe ?YoYaoU ?n ?O?UC i?Y i?Iai, ao, CnեYo ?eեEai? EեO?iեE ? ?n?I?YaoU CnեYo i?Y ?O?ECYA, եnեE?UC Ei?oiեEao A?U?Y?I, aiuai E?եE գoեE ?n գեiA: U? եI?i, CYO a?iUեo, Aե Oեn եnեE?YեnCY O?NUե? ?O?UC i?YY եY AaOեE, UC?UY NanեOբan? iO?Y EեO?iեE ? գեiaoU, եOբ?Un? UYaoU ?: ?e E?o եO?, ??i EY?nեoC Uե? a?NaO un?CY, Aե CYO i?n եOբane iեeYեU? ??U?O?UYiեo, CnեY N?e?I eեn i?Y aoYեoi?IuA ??i ?n? ?E?Yu գY?oCYu, Cnau EaenaiA aI?n, ?O?ECYY ?eեo, an Ei?oiեEao A?U?Y?I EեO?iեE ?: ?Oբane iեe? IեOiC, ?a?ao Uեc Ian?I, գnI?E?eYiեoCYu Cn?n, E?o եO?Yu, ??i UOIi?oCYu? UC A?UC a??: ?եn?oaoe, Aե գY?Yu բ?i?I?Y ?, եe EY?nեoC, an AaoUE i? եOբane iեnoYեU բեnեU CYO Nեi, Y? CYO in? գae?o, Aե Oեn եnեuCY N??Ci եU a?NaoU, ?n?Y ao՞n եe բեnaoU, aAaOեo, UեYu ??A?AiեE ?CYu Cn?n E?o ?CYu ECYaoU, Cn?nCo aեCYu aaIiaoU? U? բeYեo CU գnICo aaIեo եOբane, գoեo UC U?n?գC Uեc, ?aoeA ?neCo ??Iեo: ?U? եnեE?Y aoAեO E?o եO?i, ?aoeA ??YIeiaoU ?n, եe ?E ?neC IaOUCo E?o ?C ECYaoU, EY?naoU ?CYu CnեY, an i?YեYu? U? CYO ?ai?IYեn E?եo ao IեIեEai ?e?cA գoեo-բեnեo: OCYa? ?Ueun ?U? եnեE?UC O?UYA ?I?YcYեnCe Uեc ? , եnբեu aեU I?naO Uae?Y?E ?U? ??A?YaoAUaoYA:

?nեu unCo Nեia գ?eYեn ? aoEեn i?n? ?n?I?oYեEao? aon?E ?C ?U? ?eCAai, գY?oC եOբane iեeYեEao: ?nIao ICEaUեin Nեeao ?n Uեn գUaoOCo? ??Uo ?U?aեe ?E Yn?Y aiեe?? ??nonեoC, Aե ao՞n ? եOբ?Une, ?eեoCY? AYIեE ? caonA, EեO?iեE ?? ?U?aեe? E?oեEai, UOIi?Eai գ?eYեnY ao aoEեnA բեnC iaoY? Oեn iC??IA YaoYaեe բ?niau a?n, eai?I, IեOiai, a?iei?I ?CYu, uYOeaiYեnai, u?UEaoU ?CYu ai?բaբCI, i?Yc?Yuai ?anaoU ?CYu UC Iեna: I?UCY եnեE?Yեn, an բaEanaiCY ?Yiեn ?CY UY?oեE, ?aOaoYեnaoU ?CY uYaoU? eai?I, IեOiC, ?a?ao, oեEC Uեc: ?e UC u?YC ?Yգ?U ?I?Y?iեe եU եOեE, an Aaonu եnCi?e?n?YեnA ?U? ?Yiեn եnեE?YեnCY YeiեoYaoU ?CY u?nC in?, Y??Y ?CY բeYaoU, Aե ai ?CaaoI IIn?IC: ai an ?CaaoI In?Iեn, Y? Uno?Y?I ?n ??NaoU ? ?U?aեe i?Yc?U?N ?CY ?YaoU N?U եnեE?YեnCY: Iaian?IYեnCo aane ?UCe Nեia, UC uCa E?O?OiեE ?n, եnբ UC un, եnIao un?C N?գaoeiai canեa?YYեn եI?Y Uեn i?Y ?e?c I?YգYեoCY? ?nեIaU?Y IaOUY ?n: ?U Nեn?oaoCo N?nonեoCY CU U?eCY, Y? U?iai oaoUo iiեo CYO, en?Yu CYO I?YaեoCY, եe aգY?oC: Un?Yu եI?Y, an CYO բeYեY, եe ??E?: Un?Yu CU Nեi?Co i??եoCY: ?nեu Naգai ?nc?a?iեoCY, CYO բeYեoCY: ?e E?o եU ECYaoU, ?eaoU եU CYO i?YaoU եu ea?Yեu: OեIA N?UեnեYai ?e?o CYO? UC՛ i?EեY?, UեYu N?U եYu, uե? i?YaoU եYu Nan? Uai? ?eaoU եU? eaoi եu ?eaoU, Nane ea?YեE եY, i?YaoU եu CYO ?E ea?Yեu, E?o եU ECYaoU, գaeaoU եU: ?YO I?aեoCY canCC in? ao u?եoCY? ?n?եY UAYեE ?n? en?Yu Cn?n Nեi EaeaoU եY N?UեnեY, Aե ?UeCYa U?n?CY ai ea?Yեo, ?UYCYa U?n?CY aniեO ea?YեoCY ? ?UEY? ?U?aCeai գC?եnA ?n?եY Iեe ?n եOեE, NեeiCo EaoUeեn եn??oCY, CYO ?eaoU եY? iեeYaoU եe ?UY EaoUeեnA, N?Un? ?UYiեO ?: iեnc?aեe N?e?Yu UC UեI, եnIN?nI?YC, eaCi?I UեI ??na?eai, եnI?Aե ?eYեnai ?եYuC? ?eYեnA ??I ?CY? ?aoeA IեIեoCY? ?CYi?I եnIao ?eY?a?YYեn N?nonCY? aiuե՞n եu, en?Yu Aե? ?եIC I?e?YեnY եYu? ??o ?nCY ?eYեnA, UեIA i??եo Yեne, an Eaon i? Nane, CeI UUaoeA CYO u?Y?եo canao in?UCo, Ccեonեo o?I? OեI ?E ?UY IaOUCo N?Une i??եEai եI?i ?եaC CYO, եnբ CYO iեe?i ao??A??iեo? OC u?YC naaեCo Nեia N?YեoCY, I?YգYեonCY? ?YO Y?Uեo ao E?o եO?i, Aե e? CYa un ?, եe ?Ueaեe iO? եU a?NեE, ueU?Y ?եI? I?nգ??nեo, an i?YեY Cn Uai? ?YO i?n?Y, Uai Yei?onեo, N?nonեo? ?YaoY? C՞Ya ?? ?e?oC? ?aoeեCY, anaiNեi? Uե? Anu?onեE ?CY, ?YaoYYեne AaonuC ?YaoY ?CY ?nեE? I?nգ??nեo? i?nեu, գEaoEA Eao?եu?

- i?nեu բ?OYCu, ?anեnA ?aEեu բեnեu YanCo CYO Uai? ?U?aեe ?E ?nեoCY, eեO?Y a?in?eiեoCY iեe?I-iեe?I ???եn բեnեoCY, եe ?U?aaoU ?C Yn? YեnI?UaoAU?Uբ aoiեE, Y? CYO eiCaaoU ?n, an aoiեU, CYuA iեeYC? OC Iեna Iեn?, EUեoC, a?eIեoC uYեEao : O??C A?UA ?YoեE ?n, եnբ եI?i CYO ?nAY?onեo: ?եICY aoYեn եnIao Aae` UեI ?OcCI ? UեI iO?? aoO?nIեo Yn?Yo Nեi E?O?Eao: OեI ?UCe ?Yo UUaoe եnեE?YեnCY բեnեoCY Uե? Uai, Uե? UC ?aun eեYU?I iiեoCY, գC?եnA uYaoU ?CYu ?UYiեO, oեnեIA գYaoU ?CYu ?եIC iaoYA, ?UYiեO ???aoU ?CYu UCYa? եnեIa, E?OaoU, գ?ECe ?CYu uYaoU: ?anեOբane ICYA` eaoEA?YA, բaEanaiCY ?eaOc?YaoU, I???aoniaoU ?, Nեi?ununiaoU ? բa??YեnC UCcaoai, an iեգnA aOc ? ? գiYiaoU ? ueU?Y ?եIC Uai: ?U? A?U?Y?I ana? a??ai UեOU?oեE ?n IaianaoUYեnA: U? EY?naoU ? բa??YեnCY? CYO i?nեu iեգane Uai: OC un, եnեIaU?Y A?UCY, iեe?Yu եnIao uaon? I?Y?Uu Yեne Ui?Y? OեYu ?a??I YeiեoCYu, UեI ?E NanեOբane ICYA un??I?Y ?anեnA ?եY Yեiեo ao E?Eai ??A?Aiեo Uե?, UեYu բaEane aon?E?o?Yu, բ?Uo ?U? A?UCY N?Une ?եe iaoY a?n եIեE: OCYa? ?եIC iYեoCYեnA auYեCY, a?n I?naO գ?E, anaiNեi? Yn?Yo ?UբaOc i?Y I?e?i?nCaA CU N?UnY ?n: A?UA 12-1-Co ?e?c a?n I?naO գ?E: ?nբ iaoY եI?i, UեYu ?եe uY?I a?CYu UC uCa aon?E?o?i, գnIեo եOբan IYacA ? բ?nOn?O?UY E?o եO?Y?

?I?i 1916 A. U?ni ?UCeA? eaoe?I?Y բ?Y?IA I?YգYեE ?n ?եneCUC un?եnC e?NU?YaoU, an ?UYu?Y ?n Nեeao a?n Aaonu?I?Y e?NU?YCo ? IaaiaoU ?n ??un ??aC, AY??UեYA 25 IU. Nեeao? AaonuեnA ? un?եnA ??EaaoU ?CY ?եaC Eanu, anaYo AiaoU ?n Uեn բ?nեn?n բեIA: ?nբ ?n?եY ?եIA Cn ?UբaOc AYi?YCuA ?aE??nեE ?n, UY?oեE ?CY I?e?YեnA ? CU iեn?I?oao N?UnA, ?U?aեe ?E ?eեE ?n Nane. - ?Aե aiեn???nO?Yu, ?Ue iaoYA IUY? uե?: OC un եnեIaU?Y N?Une ??E?i?YuCo եI?i iaoY EanNn??IoեoCY NanեOբane IYac Nեi, Aե ?եIA ?UeiեO a?, Uե? ?UեY naaե ii?Yգ ? ea?eiaoU, ?UE?e ?UeiեO UY?EA C?aon ?, ? YaoUY գC?եn Uեn aoYեo?I- aaoYեo?IA N?i?uեoCYu ?aone եI?Yu, aY?U?I բ?Y ?E aaoYեCYu. UC Oեeu ?YIaOCY ? Uեn N?գC ?anեnA? aեiu ? գY?Cu ?եneCUC un?եnC Uեc, Yn?Yu N?UեnCY aեY ea?YaoU: O?Y?a?nNA գCiեYu: O?ni ?UCe, oaoni? OեYu aane եnեE?, aեYu I?naO?YaoU u?UEեE, ??Y?a?nNA? OUaoY, oեE? OCYa? EaoUe U?Y եI?Yu, YanCo iեn???nO?Yu գUaoO: OեYu եnեE?Yեne NaգYեE ?CYu, E?o ?CYu ECYaoU, EեO? N?Une i?YciaoU ?n: EaoUeA բ?oiեo, ?Yi?eC Uեc ??Y?a?nN եn??o? OC u?YC IU. գY?oCYu, ?CYi?I OC?ianYեnC EaoUբA Uե? բaEanեo? OեIA CnեYo UեIեnCo N?nonեo NanCoe. «a՞i եe, aniեOC՞o եu գ?ECe»? ??Une a?iUեo CYa an եOեE ?n? U? ?e?o? N? ??u?n uU?Y ?ao եe, an ueU?Y բեIA a?NեE ? uե?? ?U? OC?ianYեnCo UեIA Uե? ?e?cYan?եo uaon? բեIC iaoY: ?UY uaon? բեIA, anC ?YaoYA ?եIeUեn ?n? Oե? iեO?ianեoCY ?aun գեiY??an YIaoOaoU? EaY?i, N?i?IA u?n ao Ia?i? ECei eai?I ?CYu, Uե? բեnեoCY UC I?ao? A?Y, NեiY ?E UC u?YC IanեIC N?o, an IU?YuaoU ?e?cCY ?Yգ?U ?C iեeYaoU? aoiեEaoo UYaoU ?n բեn?YYեne, IaoE a?n գYaoU, IaIan?Yեne A?Yai UC Iեna AncaoU, IaoE ?CYu i?ECe: ?Ya an ?, UC Iեna Iեn?Yu: ԳC?եnA aգCiեU an A?UCY բեIA գ?ECe ? Nane Uai Aե CYau?Y aeIC, ?aO aoYեe N?YC iaon: ??Une ?eaoU ?? aaCYa aaoYեU, բեn?Co ??EեE գY?oեE եU ueU?Y բեIC iaoY, ?UYiեOCo ??EեE եIեE եYu ?UeiեO, aaCYa aI?: aC N?i?iaoU, eIeaoU ? Eao??nIեE: OեYu եnեE?Yեnai uY?I ?CYu, CU գEEC i?I I?n UC ?aun I?aao, an CU ?anեnY ?CY? o??եoCY գEECe i?ICo, an Y?UեY? aoAեO u??եEaoo CU գEaoEA AYI?i u?nCY ? aoAեO o?iեo, ?UYaեe գae?oC, an բaEan եnեE?YեnA ??nAYեoCY? iեe?Y, an aaCYa aI?, N?i?uեoCY ?auC AYI?I N?գaoeiYեnA ao գY?oCY: aoOCO UեI ?UCe CU ?auA aoe?I UY?o ?U? N?ni?ICo: on?եnA U?n?I?Yo in?UCo E?i ?anY ao Ia?CIA N?YaoU ?CY, A?E?YC Nեi eեn aoYեCY:?U?iեO UY?oCYu aoOCO UեI ?UCe, aoiեEao aaCYa aI?n: on?եnA CnեYu ?E aaoYեCY, Yn?Yu ?բ?OiaoU ?CY ?Y?eY?a?NaoAU?Uբ, N?o ao N?iCI aaoYեY, NaO?U?eեn ??i e?I?i aoYեCY, եO?IY ?E o?YaoU եY IanեI, գ?nC? Oեn «բ?EiCo» NCi?Y?aoAUaoY AYI?i ?Y?eaoYYեnC Uեc, e?iIaoU ?CY: Un?Yu e?iI?I ?Y?eaoYC UCe a?CY aoiaoU, i?ECe ?CY Uե?, UեYu eai?I ?CYu, eiCai?I aoiaoU ?CYu: ?UCcC?UEao, Yn?Yo ?Yi?eYեnaoU ??i i?UnC UCnգ I?n, CYa aiaoO ?eեe I?n, բ?oC aiaoOYեnCo ??Y?Y ?UCeYեnCY U?Y?Y? ?n CcYaoU I?eեnC iեn?YեnC in?, ?aoUEai caon ?CYu i?YaoU NեiYեne, A?A?EaoU ?CYu cnC Uեc, iեn?C in? եO?I U?Y?Y?Y CcYaoU ?n N?i?IA? ?U?aեe ??naoY?IaoU ?CYu, UCYa? ?aoUEA EoiaoU ?n, a?naoY?IaoAUaoYA բեnaoU ?CYu iaoY?

?U?aեe ?anեoCYu UC u?YC ?UCe, UCYa? eaoe?I?Y բ?Y?IA Uaiեo?i un?եnC e?NU?YCY? on?եnA, ?eCACo uգiiեEai, N?UեnC Nեi UC?eCY N?nO?IiեoCY AaonuեnC in?, UC u?YC ?nc?YYեn գn?iեoCY, aniեO Y?EICYaoU ?anեE ?CY N?UեnA: ??i?I?Y eYY??UAեnu բեnեoCY, eaiCo ?nIiեoCY? ??Uo ?U? ?UեYA I?n? i?եo? on?եnC ?e?c Aaonu?I?Y I?e?i?naoAUaoYA aoO?nIեo I?YaY?ian ?an?բ?Y?I? AY??YaAYեnai, NeI? aoAai Yn?Yu N?nO?IiեoCY uaon? ? N?U AaOain?C in?: on?եnA N?nA?i?UnCo ??E?Y, UեYu ?E Yn?Yo Nեi եE?Yu e?nեnA, aon I?UCY ECi ?Yi?eYեn? OC A?U?Y?I a?iea?niեoCYu e?nեnaoU, UCYa? Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IA Nեi u??iեo, YanCo Cc?Yu o?I, բaEan գUaoOեnA AaonuեnA ?UnեE ?CY, aa UC iaoY a?n UY?oեE: I?eեnC ?UaoOեnai NUaoOեn ?CYեoCYu, UեcA ?anեoCYu, UC ana? A?U?Y?I:

1917 A. գ?nY?YA ??UI?I?Y IaUCiե ?n eiեOIiեE? գ?OA?I?YYեnCY N?i?u?գnեEao, ?U? IaUCiեY գiYiaoU ?n ?n?YI? u?O?uaoU? IaUCiեY N?Ui?n?nեE ?n? aiuեn UեI N?i N?U բեnեY, UեI Aaonu?I?Y aeIC Iei?Y?Y: ?U? EaonA an EeեoCY, un?եnA eIeեoCY N?UեnCY N?i?u?գnեE? AaOaiaon?A a?n N?i?iaoU? OC u?YC iO?U?n?CI, anaYo AiaoU CU N?UnY ?E ?n, ?e?oCY` UեYu գY?Yu iեeYեYu, եAե ?C?i ?` Oե? Eaon Ii?Yu, ?aou բaEan? Iգ?u, ? ?U?aեe ?E ?nեoCY: Un?Yu գY?oCY? ?nեu unCo Nեia U?n? եI?i ? ?e?o, an iei?N I?naO եYu գY?E? AaOaiaon?A eIeեo գY?E, anaYo AiaoU ? UեYu? aեiu ? Y?եU, an un?եnC Uեc ?E eaeI?EC eai ?n? ?anեOբane iO? e?N?IA UC u?YC եnեE?YեnC Nեi գY?oCY ?UY գUaoOեnA, anaYu un?եnA գn?iեE ?CY, eYaoY? բեnեEao, բ?Uo a?CY N?eonեE Nեi գ?E, UY?oեE ?CY գեnC: O?n? aoO?nIեoCYu, an բեnեCY, a?CY գiեE? ?U?aեe ?E Y? UY?o ?YN?Ui, CeI UեYu? եe, uaoUne, NanեOբane ICYA? ?OcI? Nեi, գY?oCYu ?n?YI? u?O?u? ??i i?Yc?Yuai, եnեu un ??Y?a?nN գY?oCYu aiuai, ??E?I?I Uեn aoYեo?IA? ?nբ N?e?Yu ?n?YI?, N?Une եI?i Uե? ?CU?ianեo: Oi?Yu UC E?i բY?I?n?Y? ?UեY N?nU?naoAUaoYai, Unգեnai, eaCi?I N?o, u?Oon I?A, ?UեY CYa EC ao ?e?i: ?e CU ?auեnCY a?C N?i?iaoU, UC u?YC ?UCe ?U?iեO ?anեoCYu U?n??i?UեE: OC un ?E Nn?U?Y եI?i, an գ?OA?I?YYեnCY iեO??aEaoU եY ?n?naoU? ??can? unA U?E?I?YYեnC yaonգaoYYեnai Uե? iեO??aEեoCY ?n?naoU: OC ??բ?A ??Y?a?nN գY?oCYu, UCYa? N?e?Yu ?n?naoU u?O?u: UanCo IaUCiեY iեO?ianեo N?U?a?i?eE?Y բY?I?n?YYեnaoU: eIeեoCY UC?eA?U?Y?I ?anեE E?O?O, բ?Uo ?? ?E եnI?n ai?եo: ?n?naoUA գ?i?e?I?Y UC u?O?u ?n, a?nCeaYեnai a?i?I, aoYեn եnեu ?aoe ? ?aoI?Yեn? ?եe ?UYiեO eaoe?I?Y ?anu I?n: ?C?aoU եU? UC un OaEE?Y բ?nOn?oեE ?n, ?OaAu ?n ?YaoU` eaoe ?CYianYեnCo UեIA Nn?o?Yai Y??Y բeYեo, E?եo, UCY?nեCo o?I գoեo: OեYu i??եoCYu, iեe?Yu, an iեOaoU U?N?oեE ?: ??UI?I?Y IaUCiեY Uե? aoO?nIեo ?n?naoUC UaiCI գUaoOեnCo UեIA` NaO iiեo, an U??IեYu, բ?i?I?YCY բեnu ei?o?Yu: ?UCcC?UEao, ??i բ?nեբեn NaOեn եY ?n?naoUC NaOեnA, բ?Uo I?e-aiaoO aI?n` oaoni iեOեn ?n, CeI ?n?naoUCo UC u?YC ICEaUեinC in? AanAaoU ?YaoYai գ?i?eY ?n, an ??i N?naoei ?n բ??U?iեe?I aiaoOYեnai? I?n UC գUaoO?u?O?u, an IaaiaoU ?n ?ECc?: aoYեn N?Yu?UCY cnեn, i?u cnեn 60-70 ?eiC??YC i?uaoAU?Uբ, բ?Uo Nեi?UY?o AaonuC?Y aa UC բ?Yai a?n uգi?գanIaoU: ?e UC u?YC ?Yգ?U iOեnuC Nեi գY?oեE ao EaO?oեE եU ?U? cnեnaoU: EaeaoU ?CY, an ?U? caonA ??i բaoACa N?iIaoAUaoY aoYC ? բaoAaoU ? ??i NCi?Y?aoAUaoYYեn:

e?I?UY Uեn aon?EaoAUaoYA եnI?n ai?եo? eaoe?I?Y ?anuA եi u??iեo? ??UI?I?Y ?anuC Uեc a?e?IiaoU ?n eIeiեE, բaE??CIYեnA a?CY եYA?nIiaoU YեnI? I?e?i?naoAU?YA, Aե UեYu ?UE?e a?Yu IeiaoU, գYaoU եYu Uեn եnICnA: A??եoCY բaEan ?եYuեnA, CeI UեYu ? UY?o?I ?CYianYեnA E?eY???aA iC??IaoU ?CYu N?UiYiեE: uգiiեEai ?eCACo` AaonuեnA ?Y?nգեE գ?ECe ?CY ?e?c: ?U? UCcaoCY ?an?i?n ?Y?n?YCIA Ui?i ?n?naoU: ?n?naoUC AaonuեnA I??U?IեnaեE ?CY, an ?neC AaonuեnC Nեi UC?Y?Y ?n?naoUaoU N?YOYեY բaEan N?UեnCY IaonanեY: ?nբ ?Y?n?YCIA եI?i, բaEanA EeեoCY: ?Y?n?YCIC գ?Eaoo Nեia բ?i?I?YCY ??EaoAaoAUaoY iCnեo u?O?uaoU: AaonuեnA e?ne??aoU ?CY ?Y?n?YCIC ?YaoYA EeեECe: EեգեY? ?n i?n?IiեE, an ?Y?n?YCICY գY??I aC ?CaaaoU, ?CaaեEaoo ?E, aC I?IiaoU: ?NY ao e?ne??A iCnեE ?n AaonuեnCY: ?C?aoU եU? UC ?n?ai, a?UI?e un ?n, եnբ ?Y?n?YCIA բ?nOn?o?i եnեu N?nI?YC i?Y a?i?գ?Uբ ? Eaeեo ?Ueaեe. «??nգեEC AYIեn-եOբ?UnYեn, N?Unեn, uaoUnեn, N?U AaOaiaon?, եIեu UC?oU?E aoAեnai ?CU??nեYu Uեn aEեnCU A?Y?UaoY, e? Uեn i?Y ?aoeY ?, ?Uaon a?NեYu, an A?Y?UCY Yեne aUiYC: ?aE??CI IECYեu, Aե ???Y?I, ?? I?n?an a?, UեYu aoYեYu UC A?Y?UC, an AaonuY ? ? an եnIao UCECaY N?U Iaianեo: 14000 N?U ?CYian I?, e??U?UAեnu aoYեYu ? eYY??UAեnu, aaYaC I?nCu ?E aaoYեYu, եIեu a??ia?YեYu Uեn N?UnեYCuA, ?UaA ? Uեn N?U ??գC N?U?n, an UեYu ??EYaYu AaonuեnC ?e?cCo»: ?U? EaeuեnA ?eեEai? Cc?i o?I ? Iaaեo ?Ueaեe. - ai IeCnե N?U ??գA ? N?UnեYCuA, AaO CU Nեi?Co գ??

??oC Cn ACIY?a?NYեnCo ao UC u?YC i??I?N?U ?CYianYեnCo aa au aգY?o? ?nբ Y?Uեo Nեi, iեe?i, an ?anu aI?, ??nU?o?i ? ??Un?o?I եi ??nO?i` ?e?o. - ?UaA Oե?, CU IeY?Ie A?Y?UCY aC iեeեE ?Ueu?Y a?iեn??UC Uեc, ?aou iեeonCu? ?e aa AYi?YCu aoYեU, aa ?E եnեE?Yեn, ?UբaOc IU?Yue ?nեE եU N?U ??գCY ?nIեEao N?U?n, Oե? N?U?n, բ?Uo ?aou CYO E?Ui?e?I ?nեoCu: OեI un ?Yo AaonuեnA in? iiեoCY, uCa ?n UY?oեE, an ?UբaOc AaOaiaon?A Iaianiեn? eiCai?I CYuA Cn ACIY?a?NYեnai ?CU??naoU ?n, UCYa? AaOaiaon?A u??iեo? U? EY?naoU ?n IeiaO ?CYianYեnCY ?CU??nեE A?Y?UaoY, UCYa? AaOaiaon?A Nեe?Y?: ?U? UCcaoCY Nn?o?Yai In?IեoCY ?Y?n?YCIC in?, A?Co iCn?ianiեo ? ?U?aեe ?E aI?naO?o?i I??U?IեnaեE ?CU??naoAUaoYA: ?UբaOc գ?OA?I?YaoAUaoYA Cn Nեi?Co գY?o, ?eaoU ?CY? aniեO ?ao, ?UYiեO ?E UեYu: ?U?aեe UեYu ?n?naoUCo aiuai Y?N?cեoCYu UCYa? e?nCO?UC?:

e?nCO?UC?A UC ?aunCI u?O?u ?n` գ?i?e?I?Y ?Yi?eYեnai ?nc?a?ii?I: OC u?YC un ?UYiեO UY?oCYu, AaonuեnA Uaiեo?Y e?nCO?UC?CY? OեYu YanCo ??E?Yu ?U? iեOCo ?եaC O?ne? ?nբ N?e?Yu O?ne, ?eեoCYu? E?i ?, գaooե ?CU??nեYu A?Y?UaoY, u?YC an O?ne u?O?uA aoYեn E?i բեn?եn ? AY??YaAYեn: ??i?I?Y ?n ?UեY AY??YaAC in? 2 NaգC ECYեCY, UCECaYai ?anu a?n I?naO UiYեE u?O?u? ??i?I?YCY UեI u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ ?anu I?n O?neaoU, գեYեn?E O??U?YaiC NeIaOaoAU?Y i?I, e?I?UY AY?N?Yaon բ?naU?EuaoUC a?i??eai aa UC Nn?YaACo ?nI a?nO?IեoCY? EեO? O??U?YaiA Nan?anaoU ?n, EY?naoU, aa UեIA aEeեo, ?եYuեnA A??եoCY ? ??E?Y: O??U?YaiA CYuY?ea?YaoAUaoY գanIեo: ?UYu?Y eYY??UAեnu, e??U?UAեnu ao N?Y?եnO?Yu AaOեoCY AaonuեnCY, an 10 i?nC AaonuեnCY բ?i?I?Y ?n? OեYu YanCo ??E?Yu O?neCo, եnբ AaonuեnA EoiեoCY u?O?u? ?U? գC?եnA E?i aեU I?naO YI?n?գnեE, ?UYu?Y եU NC?aoU, an u?O?uC UCcCo UC գեi ?n ?YoYaoU, եnեu IaOUեnA EեeYեn ?CY? ԳC?եnai ?aone եI?Yu O?neCo` NaգY?I, eai?I UCYa? EaoUe u?UEեoCYu, Eaoe?բ?oCY N?e?Yu o?Uini?Y ?YaoYai UC գUaoO? an ?aoeA IեIaoU եYu, aեY բ?oaoU, YեneCo գaaaoU եY? iեO aaoYեYu? 10-15 ?aoe A?IեEaoo Nեia, iեnc?aեe UC ?Ou?i iaoY Uե? AY?aoYեo? aoAեO AnciեE ?CYu, AaYCnA i?eեo` i?u?o?Yu, ?anեne aan?onCYu, UC uCa ?E ?ani? iiեo, Iեn?Yu? OC u?YC un UY?oCYu ?UYiեO, anaiNեi? Nane IanonեE ?CYu ??EYեEao A?U?Y?I? ?anեOբane ICYA Uե? AaOեo ?U?iեO, գY?o Nane ?YinեEao? ?nեu unCo Nեia գi?i, բեnեo ? UեYu Nեe?o?Yu ?U? iեOCo: ?I?Yu ?Eեue?Y?n?aaE, UC u?YC un UY?oCYu? ?եia եI?Yu O?n?uCECe?? ?UբaOc գ?OA?I?YaoAUaoYA A??iեE ?n O?n?uCECe?UaoU? 1918 A. ?n, eai, NCi?Y?aoAUaoY, un?I?Y N?nUaon?ian U?n?CI ?CY UեeYaoU eaiCo ao N?U???n?ICo? ?U? A?U?Y?I ?UեnCIoCYեnA anբ?YaoYեn բ?oեoCY, N?Une CYO, unace ao NanեOբane ?OcI?Y iiեo anբ?Yao? ?e?o? գY?oեu ?UYiեO, an eai?U?N aECYեu, UCYa? iեeYեYu CYa IECYC? a?Yo?I UC u?YC ?UCe, uaoUne ao NanեOբane ?OcCIA N?U???n?IC ?aN ??nO?Y: ?a? Nn?U?Y N?YեoCY, an բaEan գ?OA?I?YYեnCY N?YեY, aoO?nIեY O?neC ?nc?YYեnA? AaonuեnA Y?N?YcեE ?CY, գUaoOեnA ??i?nIiեE ?CY? Oե? u?O?uCo N?YեoCY, EonCY i?գaYYեnA, aoO?nIեoCY ?U? ??i?nI գUaoOեnA? ?i CeI?aեe ??i?nIaoAUaoY ?n գUaoOեnaoU, բaEan ??EեE ?CY I?U IaianiեE? ?Ya an ?, iեO?ianiեoCYu ?U? iեO, U?UCe ?Uei? iեncCY unY ?n, aoiեEao aaCYa aaoYեCYu, Uեn a???nA iեnc?o?i? eIeեoCYu բ?Yc?nai ? NaOC i?ICo I?niayCEC YU?Y ?Ia?Oե? եY ?eaoU, UC uCa u?OonC in? ? N?UA) ?nUiCuai eYiեE? EEaon? iեe?IC UIYեn I?UCY, anaYu NaOC i?I ?CY բY?IiaoU, ?U? IեY??YCYեnA N?i?uiaoU ?CY ?U? Ia?Oե? ?e?I ?nU?iaouYեnC in?? ??i?uaoU ?CYu 20-30 Iգ a??, բեnaoU iaoY, E??aoU ?CYu I?niayCEC YU?Y, aoiaoU ?CYu, բ?Uo եAե UC uCa ?iեE ?CYu aoiaoU, գEE?aiaoUi ?CYu ei?YaoU? aiuեn ?EUaon aoYեCY, E??aoU ?CY, IեIaoU ?CY, E?eYaoU ?CY EUanC Nեi, N?o ?CY AEaoU, բ?Uo ?O բaEanaiCY aI?n? On?գC EaoUe YaoUYaեe aI?n, a?UC ??UiCo բ?n?I IaOեn ?CYu a?in?eiaoU, UaUC YU?Y i?eaoU ?CYu ?YNn?Aե?iaoAU?Y ?եauaoU: ?OC EY?CnA ??i Eaonc ?n? I?Y?aCY E??aoU ?CYu ?e?Yo ?OC, ?e?Yo UaoOC aoiaoU ?CYu: unեoun ea?eaoU ?CYu, եnբ գ?nCY ao oanեYA IN?eYC, an u?OեYu, N?o AEեYu aoiեYu, բ?Uo CYaaեe ?eaoU եY ??բ?AA ?aoi եI?i u?Y aonբ?AA: OC un ?e?iaiU?Y ?aoeA IեIեoCY, ?aone եI?Yu iեeYեYu եnIao NaգC, an եnIao N?i Ua?C եY բեnaoU? Aե I?EaoU եYu, aե՞u ao?aoU? ??Une ?e?o? C՞Ya ?nAC, ?eCY? եnIaoeCY NCYգ N?nUaon eaoբEC, N?Une iեnonեo ?U? ?a?eYեnA, an Uե? aեiu ?n oanեYA ???iCo I?E բեnեEao N?U?n? OC N?i ?E ?n?a? ??nեoCYu, բ?Uo ?n?Yu eaian a?CY EaoI ?YեEao, UեYu aCiC eaianեoYեCYu? ?UYu?Y I?i?O?I բ?Yեn ?CY, I?nIեe i?UnեYC IեY??YC ECYեCY, UC Iեna i?nAեonեoCYu e?UECY? I?EC oanեY ?CYu բեnaoU iaoY? OC ?Yգ?U, եnբ CcYaoU ?CYu ??eCA??Co, oanեYC a?nIեnA e?UECo o?I AYI?Y? ?e ?E e?UE եU u?aoU, գae?oC? ե?YեnA a?NC, oanեYC a?nIեnA e?UEC in?UCo A???Y? e?UEC in? Yei?I ?CY N?Une ? N?n??YA: ?e UC Iեna ե?YեnCY a?NեoC, Cc?Y a?nIեnA ?nեoCY e?UEC in?: ?nեYu ao?aoU ?CY YeiեE, եe ե?YեnC ?e?c I?YգYեE ?C, UեI ?E ե?YեnA EniYեoCY, CYO գoեoCY o?I? e?UEC ?YCiA CU գEEC in?Uai AYIեE ?n, A?e c?n?եE? ԳEaoEe 20 eU a?? c?n?iեE ?n ? A?e ?nUaoYICo iեn? c?n?iեE ?n? ԳUaoOaoU aa բAC?I I?n, aa N?eI?oaO: OեIA Nane ?eեE ?n, an եe N?eI?YaoU եU Iaini?IuCo? ?եnեo, I?aեo A?e, բ?Uo eE?E? ?nIao ??բ?A Nեia iեe?Yu, an eE?E ? IaեE, UեIA UUaoeCo բ?i?I?YCY I?n?? OC aonC? U?n? եI?i, Ia?IA Iainեo, YanCo I?aեo? OC ??բ?A a?Yo?I, եnբ ?U? I?ECo oanեY ?O?oեE ?CYu, EUan NaoYoեE, an N?o AEեYu, AaonuեnA in? iiCY, ao UեYu AaYCnA i?e?I, EUanA գY??I AaOեoCYu ? ??E?Yu?

o?EaaoU ?CYu O?n?uCECe?? ?U? E?eY???aAC A?U?Y?I, եnբ ?CaaaoU ?CY A?Ce, եe ao??A??iaoU ?C? ?a? եI?Yu ?n??Y, N?oC NaoYOA eIeiեE ?n, N?Une NaoYO ?n ?YaoU N?naoeiYեnC N?U?n, եe oanեYC N?eIեn ?C N?i?uaoU NYO?I ?niC Uեc? ?U?aCeai UC?eA?U?Y?I ?anեoCYu ? ??aoYA գY?oCYu o?Y?uեeC UaoeYao? գUaoO, an EuiեE ?n? Գ?OA?I?YYեnC UC u?YC iYiեeaoAUaoY E?nբեn?oCYեnai UY?oCYu ?U? գUaoOaoU? OեI N?i ?? գYեoCYu, ?n?Yai եe i?eեE???Ui ?C i?YaoU ?n??YC ?aoI?, բ?oC ??C բեeCo` եe ?E ?C ??Ui ??E?IaoU? i???eaoU ?C, 2-3 yaoYi N?o ?eYaoU, բեnaoU iaoY? OCYa? եe գ?ECe ?C, N?Une ??nOU?E a?in?eiaoU ?n N?can? uni? բեeA? ?U?aCeai UC?eA?U?Y?I UC Iեna ?anեoCYu? ??YI?nI EaEեn? i?n?Iiեo? O?n?I?Yo a?CY N?eoYaoU A?OեE? ?U? AiaoU Y?? CU N?UnA NCi?Y??o?i, aa բAC?I I?n, aa ?եOan?Uu, բ?EiC բեnU?Uբ N?Une ?eaOc?o?i? aOc UY?o?IYեnA ?U? iեOCo ??E?Y, ??nOU?E գY?oCYu O?n?uCECe?: ?UեnCI?oCYեnA Ya?ei ?CY i?ECe գ?OA?I?YYեnCY` ?EUaon, ??u?n, N?գaoei, Ia?CI, UC Eaeuai ?nIiեoCYu ?OեiCo ao eaiCo? O?n?uCECe?UCo գY?oCYu ?UAUU?Y O?niaoYao ?n?Yae գUaoOA? ?U? i?nC OUaoYA ??i ?n ?e?i YeiեE, N?o?N?iCIA, I?niayCEA UY?oեE ?CY OU?Y i?I? 1920 A. ?եini?n ?UeCY բaE??CIYեnA եI?Y: ԳnC ? ?eYi?I 04.02.1986 A A?uE?eU?U ?ai??UU?e

E?nբեn?C ?OեuC գUaoOC Uեc IYi?I եU, U?YI?I?Y unեne ?Yoaoo?I եU ?UYiեO? ??Une aեU iեeեn, U?Une, եOբ?Une, ? UեI uaoUne UC?UY: Oane ?YaoYA ?YY? ?, եOբane ?e?uեE ? unace ?YaoYA eCn?Yao?? ?OեuC Uեc Uեn U?I?YaoYai UaYCIU?Y IA IaaiեCYu? iեncեne Uեn ??գ?YaoYA ACyECeU?Y IA IaaiC: ?Oբ?Une ?nNեeiai Ia?I?I?naoAUaoY IAYեn Oե?Cnե? eեnC?UC ?CU?o? ?e aoe?Yեn եU Iե?naY?I?Y ?anaoaoU, anA o?iau ??IեoCY? ?e N???EեoC AaonuեnaoY ?anaoA? ?nեu i?nC eaianեEե iեnc, OգեoC ?anaoA ? եOբane E?YaoAA Ia?I?I?naoAUaoY ?nեoC: oaoUne ?UaoeY?oaooCYu ? 1930 A. գ?OAեo?Yu eaonC?? ??Eեa? 1939 A. եe ?UaoeY?o?, aoYեo? եnIao ?OcCI? ICYe ?UYA??oC ?, ?YaoYA inեAaoNC OCY?eU?Y? ?OcCIYեnaoe ?YaoYA ?Y?NCi ? i?n?aoNC? 1947 A. Yեnգ?OAեoCYu ??U?ei?Y: ??U?ei?YC Uեc aoYեo? եnեu ??i?I` oY?nCI, O?nC, EaoUC?, iեncCYA iO? UA aoYեo?, ?YaoYA? ?iեiCe: I?e?i?naoAUaoYA CYO N?iI?oaoo 1000 U. NaO?U?e ? i?nI ii?i? NCY ?n?Uai 3000 e.? iaoY ?CY?I եU, ? ?anaoU եYu N?YգCei, E?O?O a?UU?YYեnaoU: ?YaoYe ?aiN?YYեe ACyECeU?Y: 1977 A. a??Գ?i ?e?iao?? O?EaU?U

IYiեE եU 1923 A. aaECe ?ei?UբaoE) u?O?uaoU: ??Une? ?e?iaon OեenaaC OեEaU?YA, IYiեE ? E?nբեn?C oեnaեY? գUaoOaoU: 1912 A. ??E?i?Yu anaYեEao Ya?i?Iai գYaoU ? ?OU? Aaonu?I?Y c?n?եnC eIeiեEao a?i??eai aC iեn???eYaoU ? UYaoU ? ?UYiեO UCYa? 1922 A.? ECYaoU ? oեnaեY?C UCaoAU?Y ?UեnCI?UC U?eY??UaoOC u?niaoO?n: ??n?C ?aN եY գYaoU Cn N?UnA, U?UnA ? ICYA, CeI եOբ?UnYեnA ? uaoUnեnA բ?EiC uU?N??aoUuai ?եn-?anC ??Y?a?nNCY aOc եY UYaoU: O?Une` O?YCI OCNn?YC OC?aU?YA, IYiեE ? AaonuC?UC ??UCn u?O?uaoU, 1915 A. c?n?C A?U?Y?I? 1915-1918 AA. AYi?YCuai ?եn-?anC ??Y?a?nNCY ?Y?eեEC i?Yc?YuYեnC եY եYA?nIiaoU ? բ?EiC բեnU?Uբ aOc եY UYaoU: 1923-1930 AA. ?anaoU եYu aaEeaoU, 1930-1936 AA.` un?YeC?UaoU: 1936 A. Yեnգ?OAեE եYu eaiեi?I?Y ??U?ei?Y: aoYեU UCcY?I?nգ InAaoAUaoY: 1977 A. e??Գ?e i??-a?i?aeU?U IYiեE եU 1926 A. ??Eեa u?O?uaoU, IYaOue եO?I եY E?nբեn?, ??iեU գUaoO` Iaian?IC A?U?Y?I: ??Une` U??Y iեn-aեinaeU?YA, ?UեnCI? I?U?ian ?CYian IA գniC ? IA U?eY?IoC IeCiYեnaoY, CeI U?Une? anaեe բaOau?I?Y, Nn??uai I???iiC? ?ane Nեi IA UC?Y?Y 1920 A.? aoYCU եnIao uaoUn ? UեI եOբ?Un, ao I?anCU ?YUCc?aեe Uan-E?nբեn?, CYaaեe ? NCYգ ??i?IYեne, anaYo եnIaouA ?OcCI, CeI եnեuA iO?Yեn : aoYCU AaeYեn, iCICYe? ?ao??YCIA, ???U??CY գUaoOCo ?, iY?UCY iYiեeaoNC, UեI Eaeuai, բaEane ?E u?c ?eaOc` I??E?iCYu: 18.04.1977 A. ??i?A ??O??e??? O????U?U

IYiեE եU 1897 A. E?nբեn? u?O?uaoU: IYaOYեne iY?UY?գanI եY? 1905-1915 AA. eaianեE եU E?nբեn? u?O?uC ??n?i uaEեcaoU ? ?i?niեE: 1915-1923 AA. ?եneCUC un?եnC Uai եOեE եU բ?in?I: 1923-1929 AA.` aOYO?գanI: 1929 A. Yեnգ?OAեE եU ?ee?, ?n??Y: 1929-1938 AA. ??E?iեE եU ?n?n?i inեeiC 5-n? eaiEa?aoU ? Uan-E?nբեn?C IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYaoU` anaեe N??i?a?N: 1938-1942 AA. ??E?iեE եU anaեe Uan-E?nբեn?C IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y i?naaoAU?Y Y?E?գ?N: 1942-1945 AA. U?eY?IoեE եU ??UnեY?I?Y UեI a?iեn??UCY, եOեE եU I?a?ian: 1945 AiCo Uan-E?nբեn?C IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y i?naaoAU?Y Y?E?գ?NY եU եOեE? UCYa? 1962 A., anCo Nեia N?Yn?aեi?I?Y Y??Y?IaoAUaoY aoYեoaO ?YN?i?I?Y Aa??I?eao: 1970 AiCo ??E?iaoU եU anaեe O?eCeC ?nc?YC ?ni??n?I?Y IaUբCY?iC I??nեnC բ?AYC i?nCa: a?nգ??iniեE եU? 1. O?ni?I?Y գեn???YoaoAU?Y Uե??Eai 2. IaiI?eC a??ia?YaoAU?Y N?U?n Uե??Eai 3. ?ao??aե?iC ?eaoU Uե??Eai 4. ԳեnU?YC?UC ?եU i?n?I N?OA?Y?IC Uե??Eai 5. 1941-1945 AA. N?OA?Y?IC Uե??Eai 6. EեYCYC 100-?UU?IC Uե??Eai 7. ??E?i?YuC ?nCaoAU?Y Uե??Eai 8. ee?O AaOain??I?Y iեn?NeIaOaoAU?Y IaUCiեC Uե??Eai 9. ??U?UCaoAեY?I?Y oaoo?N?Y?եeC a?iiaգnai 10. ??U?ei?YC YեnuCY գanIեnC UCYCeinaoAU?Y a?iiaգnai?

1938-1942 AA. եOեE եU ??NaoUU?YC ?ncIaUC iեneiaoգCa N?YOY?AaOaiC ?Y??U: 1946-1962 AA.` ?nc?Y?UCY գanI??Cn IaUCiեC ?եaaoi?i: 1962-1967 AA.` գեn?գaoUY ??i?n?YC ?Y??U: 1969 AiCo UCYa? ?Ueun` O?eCeC ?nc?YC AaOain??I?Y iեn?NeIaOaoAU?Y IaUCiեC Y?E?գ?NC iեO?I?E: 1971 AiCo UCYa? ?Ueun O?eCeC ?nc?Y?UCY IaUCiեC iեn?NeIaOaoAU?Y N?YOY?AaOaiC ?Y??U: 1970 A.` O?eCeC ?nc?YC ?ni??n?I?Y IaUբCY?iC Iaoe-I??U?IեnaaoAU?Y u?niaoO?n: ?nIao iO?Yեne ?aNiեE եY ??UnեY?I?Y UեI a?iեn??UaoU: ?e CYue եnIao ?Yգ?U iCn?ianiեE եU: ?U I?i?n?I ??E?i?YuYեnC U?eCY EaoUe եY iեeեE Na?i?IYեn AեnAaoU? «IaUaoYCei», «eaiեi?I?Y ??U?ei?Y», ?n??YC YեnuCY գanIեnC UCYCeinaoAU?Y, «En?բեn» ? ?UE AեnAեnaoU: E?????? U???UԳ? UI???Գ??A

E?nբեn? Y?N?YգA UiYaoU ? AaonuC?UC ?Y?iaEC? UեI Y?N?YգC Uեc, aoYեn 35000 բY?IaaoAUaoY: E?nբեn? Y?N?YգA գiYiaoU ?n i?inae ? ?Y?ni?inaeU?Y EեeY?YouYեnC Uեc? AY??nO?I 3 NaiCiYեnai, anaYo AaonuեnA iեn?Yi?YեE ?CY aoEao ui?? «OեI ???i», iUao? ui?? «i???n?I ???i», Գeao ui?? «Գ?eYaoIC ???i»: U?N?YգA aoYեn 600-Co ?iեEC UեI ? ?aun գUaoOեn ? u?O?uYեn: U?N?YգC e?NU?YYեnY ?CY. ?n?եEuCo? ?C?nբեuCnA? iCգn?Y?Iեni, NUaoeCeCo? ?n?naoUA? I?nCY, ?n?UaoiuCo` oեU?E?IY? O?E?AC?: E?nբեn? u?O?uA I?eaooi?I ? ?Y?Y??Ean, բ?nOn ?Cnu aoYեoaO ?a?e?AYեnC in?: o?O?uC IեYinaYaoU I? բ???Ei u?nCo ?YN?Ui A?U?Y?IYեnCo I?eaooi?I UC բեn?, anC UCc?YIU?E i?n?IaoAUaoYA 4 N? ?: ?n?UiU?Y IaOUCo YեO UC?UY UC ??Y?a?nN բ?nOn?YaoU ? u?O?uC UCcY?բեn?A: OCcY?բեn?aoU I?Y ??i ?UnaoAUaoYYեn, AaoYեEYեn, Y?EICY e??U?I?Y a?NեeiYեn, aniեO a?NiեECe ? եOեE e??U?UAեnu, N?o?N?iCI ? ?UEY? o?O?uC ?n?եEU?Y U?eaoU? AY??nO?I i?n?IaoAU?Y in?, I?Y E?OaOC ? aiO?iao ?UգCYեn, anaYo i?n?IaoAUaoYA N?eYaoU ? N?nUaon?ian NեIi?nYեnC? aoYեn cn?Uբ?ni?I? ?OբUaonYեnai, ? եnC?i?I ?n I?Y?a???n? NaiCiYեnai: o?YC an u?O?uA I?eaooi?I ?n ?a?e?AYեnC in?, N?i?Y?I?Y ?, an u?O?uA ?U? a?i??eai ?Yi?YiեE ? E?nբեn?: E?nբեn?Co 15 IU. ?եaC iCգn?Y?Iեni գY?oaO O?ei?e Eեe?Y գ?գ?ACY գaUaoAUaoY aoYC UC EC?? ??nOaoYuaoU UեI?I?i?E Iaiu EC?Y ?: E?C IեYinaYaoU I? UC ?aun IO?C, anC in? գiYiaoU ? NCY A?U?Y?IYեnCo I?eaooi?I eaonբ U??Y եIեOեoCY, anA N?UեnC aoEi?iեOCY ?n: E?CY Ia?I գUaoOA IaaiaoU ? Iaiu գUaoO, բY?ICaYեnA բaEanY ?E N?Uեn ?CY: Un?Yo ?բ?OUaoYuA OIYaneaoAUaoYY ?n: OI?Y NCUY?I?Y iեe?IA? Eiaoi? ԳUaoO?oCYեnA` ?Oai U??IեEaoo Nեia, ??naoU ?CY E?nեnC in? ? aan?oYaoU? ?U? N?UեO OI?Y a?N?YcA ??i ?n? Un? եnI?naoAUaoYA 20 eU. ?n, ?e?uiaoU ?n ?UE u?O?uYեn ? Uaon?u?YaUaon E?nբեn?oao eեO?YC ??n?Y ?n: U?N?YգC U??IեEC i?n?IaoAU?Y N?U?nU? 90 iaIaeA a?iI?YaoU ?n բեIեnCY ? ?O?YեnCY, anaYoCo ??iեnA aoYեCY 20-30 գUaoOեn? ?CUY?I?Y U??IaOYեnA N?Uեn ?CY: a?ne?Y??IC բեIեnCo ?CY? ?eE?Y բեIA, ?եnCy բեIA, ?e?E բեIA, oU?nCU բեIA? ueU?Y oեOC ?CoaUC բեIեnCo ?CY? ???C E?U? ? ?naoiEC E?ECE բեIեnA ? aonC?Yեn: U?N?YգC ?nc?a?iaoU եO?I UեI գUaoOեnCo ?CY ?UaoeեYCIA, EaoUEao եOեգC, I?eCnCI, ?YACE, ??aaoeC, i?eA?ACE ??eo?Y?, ??iեU, OanեYC, Eao?? գUaoOեnA ? ?UEY: Uaon?u?YaUaon գUaoOC iYiեeaoAU?Y ACiA N?eYaoU ?n 1000-1500 iYiեeaoAU?Y, anaYo UեI U?eA N?Uեn ?CY ? a?ni??Cn aoYեCY N?UI?I?Y AեnC UCcY?I?nգ ?anaoYեn:

U???UԳ? AU???Uao? ?U?IaaoAU?U A?iA U?Eu?Y ?e?cCY N?U??E?nN?UCY a?iեn??UA, բY?IaaoAUaoYA N?eYaoU ?n 1200000, anCo, N?U?O?UY Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?Y aa N?U?Ya?ei U?n??N?U?nC N??iiaoU ?n 280000 N?Uեn, 350000 Aaonuեn ? 570000 un?եn: E?nբեn? u?O?uC բY?IaaoAU?Y 35000-A N?Uեn ?CY, CeI UY?o?IA ?UEu: o?O?uA aoYեn 3 եIեOեoC, 3 UCcY?I?nգ ? 3 բ?nOn?գaoUY ?anaoYեn: ??n?i uaEեcC iYunեY ?n ?UեnCI?oC ?եYnC ?ueA: 1878 A. ?n NCUYiեE ?nUեYC? uaEեcA? oaEեcA I?eaooi?I ?n 3000 ???IեniC N?U?n? Cn բaEan N?nU?naoAUaoYYեnai: ?nUեYC? uaEեcC NCUY??naoUCo ?e?c` 1855 A. ?eii?I?բ?Y?I?Y Y?EY?I?Y ?եU?n?Y գaUaoAUaoY aoYեn? Aaonu I?e?i?naoAUaoYA, Y?E?YOեEai N?UեnC ?e?c??CUaoAU?YA, EaaAY?aiYեnC ? ??Y???Y ?nգեEuYեnC ?CUեo, N?UեnC ??nգ?oU?Y A??A IainեEao N?U?n: Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?Y a?N?Ycai ?nUեYC? ?YaoYA 1888 A. iեn??aEiեo ??n?i ?YaoYai: ??n?i uaEեcA գiYiaoU ?n E?nբեn? u?O?uC գեO?iեeCE i?UnaoU: oaEեcA aoYեn եnIeեe aoeaoUY?n?Y, ?UYiեO ?CY գ?ECe eaianեEao: ??e?i?Y?iaoU ?CY AaonuեnեY, N?UեnեY, ?YգEեnեY ? գեnU?YեnեY Eե?aoYեn: ?anaoA i?ECe ?n AY?N?Yaon InAaoAUaoY: ??n?i uaEեcYեnCo UեIA ?OcI?Yo ? UUaoeA iO?Uao N?U?n ?n: I?n AEI?iCYoao ?Yi?Y ?anao: ?nIao uaEեcYեnY aoYեCY ?UեnCIU?Y եYA?I?UaoAUaoY, anaYo Uեc ??e?i?Y?aoU ?CY 12 anayեeanYեn ? 20 ?nA?Y?ian aoeaooCaYեn: anayեeanYեnY ?CY? AեYCuե?U?YA, U?NCIU?YA, EaoEC?U?YA, anբեnU?YA, ea?CIU?YA ? aonC?Yեn: oaEեcC aoe?YaOaoAU?Y ACiA N?eYaoU ?n 400 Naգao, anaYo UC U?eA I?nCYC, ??aCY Գ?n?NCe?nC, iCգn?Y?IեniC ? ?n?CYc?UC u?O?uYեnCo? ???IեniYեnA գC?եnuACI ?եYuaoU ?CY ?anaoU ? eYiaoU? i??nեEai 6.5 Aaonu?I?Y aeIC: ?anaoA aoYեn ?i?OI?գanI?I?Y, E?e?iC, I?NaoUuC ? ?UE ?nNեei?YaoYեn: ??oC ?U? I?n i?nA?n?Y-?anao, aniեO eaianaoU ?n 800 ???Iեni: aoYեn Y?? Aei U?eY?գCiaoAUaoYYեnC E?բan?ianC?Yեn? yC?CI?UC, uCUC?UC, IեY??Y?բ?YaoAU?Y ? aonC? I?բCYեiYեn: ??UեnC UեI U?eA i???e?I?YYեn, Ia?I?I?nYեn, ?եnO?IYեn, a?Ui?nYեn, ?եO?գanIYեn, բAC?IYեn, Cn?i?բ?YYեn ? ?UE U?eY?գեiYեn ?CY: oaEեcA i?ECe ?n AY?N?Yaon InAaoAUaoY, ?anaoA ?i?niaOYեnA գYaoU ?CY ?եUnaoA I?U ?UեnCI?, եnIao i?nC eaianեEaoo Nեia U?eY?գCiaoAUaoY ?CY Oեeu բեnaoU:

o?O?uC N?U?nU? բaEan A?OեnaoU I?UCY CYuY?գanI EUբեn, Yi?գ?EaoUբ, A?iեn?I?Y, anaYu N???E եEaoUA ?CY aoYեYaoU? ??UեnA բaoeY ??nգ?oaoU aoYեCY IaoEiaon?UC, ?niեeiC, գCiaoAU?Y բY?գ?i?eYեnaoU ? ?e?cY?I?nգ iեO ?CY գn?iaoU: UaoUYA aեiu ? ?eեE Y?? գUaoOեnC YI?iU?Uբ: ?Ue ?UեYA Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?YA ?YN?Yգei?oYaoU ?n: ?UեY Iեna ??E?iaoU ?CY an?? Iեna ?nգեE?IեE, EaaAY?aiեE, YեOեE, N?nIեn ?iեE?oYեE, eեanեeC?Yեn գanI??nեE, ?nգեEuYեn ?YեE N?i?uaoUAYեnC ? IaoEiaon?UC uc?EYեnC in?: 1514 AiCo C iեn ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC N?U AaOaiaon?A AaonuC?UC iCn?aեiaoAU?Y i?I UC?i ?E եYA?nIiեE ? N?E?I?YuYեnC ? Iaian?IYեnC, N?UA Cn?iaoYu aaoYեn բaOauեEao, iniYc?Eao, Y? YaoUYCeI OC YeiեEao Cn?iaoYu aaoYեn? anu?Y N?UեnA u?O?u?InAiaoU, ?e?c??CUaoU, Yan գCi?I?Y ?ea?nե? ?CY ?aone գ?ECe, ?UYu?Y ?Y?aoUA, Iaian?IA e?eiI?YaoU ?n: Aaonu Nեi??CU?I?YYեnA` I?nIեEai, an N?UեnA iCn?aեiեEao եY AaonuC?UCY, iYiեe?I?Y u?O?u?I?Y IU?YuCY, UC?I եEuA գiYaoU ?CY N?UեnC բY?cYcU?Y Uեc: ??i?Գ?OAA ?i U?? a?iO?eU??A

??U AaOaiaon?A Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?Y EIC i?I UC?i ?E N?E?IiեE, i?YciեE ? ? IaianiեE ?: ??UեnC բY?cYcYaoUA UC?i ?E եOեE ? Aaonu C?E?YaoAUaoYYեnC un?I?գaoU: ?U? եY iI?UaoU 1878 A., 1891 A., 1895 A., 1908 A. ? 1915-23.AA oեO?ea?YaoAUaoYYեnA: ??Une? ??O??e?nA, 1895 A. iեncեnCY E?nբեn?C Iaian?IC A?U?Y?I iCn?ianiեE ?n ACIaoYuCo, UեcuCo, i?Co ao A?եnCo, anC NեiuեnA ?IYN?Ui ?CY: ?? UC UեI Iaian?I ?n E?nբեn?C Y?N?YգaoU: ?C?aoU եU` 1908 A. eaoEA?Y ??UC?C IaOUCo Nn?i?n?Ii?I «???iaoAUaoY» (?aonC?A) Nnai?ni?IA: ??U ? Aaonu AaOaiaon?A ?aOaoYեnai UեI եnգaoU ?CY. « U???eaoY ?aonC?A, Oaoe?yCA, U???eaoY OCEեA»: AaO Iեooե՛ ???iaoAUaoYA, AaO Iեooե՛ N?i?e?naoAUaoYA, AaO Iեooե՛ AaOaiaon?A: ?? UC uaO ?n բ?nեI?UYեnC ?auCY AUբaei?o?I N?U AaOain?C NեO??aE?I?Y a?Uu?nA AaoE?oYեEao N?U?n: OեI i?nC ?Yo 1909 A. iեOC aoYեo?i ICECIC?UC? ???Y?UC c?n?A, aniեO enC u??iեo 30000 N?U: ?N? uե? ???iaoAU?Y ?e?cCY aiaoOA: ?U? A?U?Y?ICo ?iեEC aoAեO A??ai eIeiեo N?UI?I?Y գ?OAA, N?U?nU? Y?N?YգC բaEan գUaoOեnCo ? u?O?uYեnCo:

U?Eu?Y 1914 A. a?iեn??UA, N?UեnC iC??IA ?Yi?YեEC ?n, U?Y?i?Y? գUaoOեnaoU N?UեnC 90 iaIaeA NaO??aonI ?n, I?Yn?բեeYi?I AYi?YCuYեnai, ?n?UaoY?բեnaoAUaoY aI?n: ??nIեnA ?Y?eեEC a??եnC ?CY N?eYaoU, ?anaoeiC UCcao aI?n, եnեE?YեnA? ai?բaբCI, N?գaoeiCo, eYY??UAեnuCo ?aonI: o?O?uC N?UեnC uCa iaIaeY ?n UC?UY ?anaoU UCc?I I?U UCc?ICo o?In: ??Y?ICY UAեnu N?eoYեEao N?U?n Y?N?YգA ?aE??n?I?Y UCcaoYեn aaoYեn, բ?oC canCYեnCo I?U ??եnCo, an a?n բ?i?n?naoU բ?Y?IC a?N?YcCY: i?A?Y?ICn ??E?iեoYaoU ?CY N?U գUaoO?oCYեnCY` գ?nC, oanեY,?aE??nեEao N?U?n? ??UեnCY a?ni??naoU ?CY a?nIai եnեu ?aoA ??E?Iai ?aE??nեE Y?i?I i?UnA, ?UY ?E OUեe A?U?Y?I, u?YC an ?aE??n?I?Y եO?I UCcaoYեnA a?CY բ?i?n?naoU? ??iեnA OեeCo, aiCo oni?N?ni?I ?CY iեn???eYaoU I?U ??Y?a?nNCY U?N?YaoU: anaեe?C N?UեnA CnեYo AYi?YCuC գaUaoAUaoYA a??ia?YեCY, eiCai?I ?CY գ?OAեE ?UE եnInYեn? ?UեnCI?, ?n?բ?I?Y եnInYեn, ?ynCI? ? ?UEY? ?e?Yo ui?n Eե?ao CU?Y?Eao? ??iեnA, ?եe Yan ?UaoeY?o?I, UC i?nC I?U UC u?YC, AaOYaoU ?CY CnեYo AYi?YCuA, բeYaoU a?Y?EiaoAU?Y oaoaA, Nեe?YaoU N?UnեYC unn?YCo, aU?Yu? AY?UC?i, aU?Yu ?E iեn???eYaoU ?CY ??i?nI?OեeY, NUaoIi?I, Aau?Ei?ian, Iեn?o?I: ?Ue ?n N?UեnC iC??IA Y?N?YգaoU, anY ?n Cn UեOuA Yn?Yo, anaYu ?UեY գIai eiեOI?գanIaO, գCiaoAU?Uբ, IaoEiaon?Uai U?eY?գCiaoAU?Uբ ?e?c?ian ?Cnu ?CY գn?iaoU?

?iեEC ?Yi?YեEC ??nO?i N?UեnC iC??IA, եnբ eIeiեo 1914 A. ??U??E?nN?UCY a?iեn??UA: OaoYեiCIYեnA ?aOaoYեnai UեI գaeaoU ?CY ?CY?IaaiեEao U?eCY, N?U եnCi?e?n?YեnA բaEanA ?an?IaaiեoCY, UY?oCY IեnեnA ? եnեE?YեnA, I?Y?Uu UY?oCY ?Ya??ia?Y, EuU?E, EY?U?I?ECo ?nIi?I: ?CY?Iaai?IYեnCY IեYinaY?oYaoU ?CY E?nբեn? u?O?uaoU, ?an?YaoYեnaoU iեO aECYեEao a?i??eai iեO?ianaoU ?CY ?e?YOCY ?եYuեnaoU, UC U?eY ??E բ?ouAU?, բaoAuգYaoAUaoYCo ? e?YCi?n?I?Y iC??ICo ?aonI? ?CYian?I?Y IեYinaYYեnaoU eIeiեo iCy NCi?Y?aoAUaoYA, U?N?oaoAU?Y ACiA un?I?Y N?eYaoU ?n 50-60 Naգao: ?C?IYեnA ?aE??naoU ?CY yaonգaYYեnai ? EoYaoU ?aeեnA? in?Y ??O i?Eai ICn ? uEan, ?a? NaOai I?IIaoU: ?n?Y N?can?եo եn??iA ? UanեEA, ?UբaOc o?YueեnA aan?o?Y, UanեEYեnC ?iեni?IaoAUaoYA ?iեEC ?գ?EC ?n, ?UYu?Y UanեE Cc?i, an եnICYuA a?n եn?aoU, I?eեnA iեn???nIiեoCY, eIeiեo eaiA, ?? 1914 A. NaoYCe-uգaeiae ?UCeY ?n: ?O ?U?I?i?U? O?II??i ԳUaoO?o?O?oA

?e IYiեE եU E?nբեn? u?O?uaoU 1897 A.? ?nբ UեI i?nեI?Y ?C, IYaOYեne ?aE??niեE եY E?nբեn? iCE?UեAC OեIIեni գUaoO?u?O?uA? OեIIեniA E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC ?nc?YYեnCo UեIY ?, anC բY?IaaoAUaoYA I??Ui?I ?n 800 iYiեeaoAUaoYCo, բY?IiaOYեnC u?ean? U?eA E?nբեn? u?O?uCo AYi?YCuai ?aE??ni?I ?nNեei?ianYեn, U?eY?գեiYեn ? Ui?ian?I?YYեn ?CY: ?nբ եe ??EaoeiC ?CUեEai iեn???nO? Uեn բY?I?i?UnA, ?եe ?nc?YC N?UեnA a?CY iեO?N?Yi?I, եOբ?Une? a?nգ?A, anA CYOYCo եnIao i?nai ?aun ?n, UY?o E?nբեn? u?O?uaoU: Oեn AYi?YCuC iC??IA ?Yi?YեEC ?n, YaoUYA UY?o?I N?UեnC, ?anaoeiC UCcao aI?n, եO?I a???nA ea?eiեE ?n, եnInan? U?Une, եOբ?Une? ԳnCգanA, ? uaoUne? ?n?ueCY E?o ?CY ECYaoU, եe CYue ?Y?an ?C Yn?Yo an?? բ?Yai uգYեEao: i?nn?I?Y InAaoAUaoYe ei?oեE եU OեIIեni գUaoO?u?O?uaoU: O?Une U?N?o?i 1908 A., եe ? եOբ?Une? a?nգ?A, anA ?UAU գiYiaoU ? ?n??CEC?UaoU, eaianaoU ?CYu ??n?i uaEեcC i?nA?n?YaoU? ?nբ 1914 A. բaEan ?anaoYեnA ??IiեoCY ? ?եYuեnA iեn?Iiեo ?CYian?I?Y I???nU?YեnC, N?Une ?n?եY ?CYian?գniեE ?n, ?aE??niեoC OեIIեni Uեn բY?I?i?UnA, CeI եOբ?Ue UY?o u?O?uaoU? Uեn բ?nեI?UYեnC Uai: ??Une եn?եEC Ia?I?I?n ?n OեIIեniaoU? iեOC ?UբaOc ?e?iaonA IեYinaY?oi?I ?n N?UեnC OեeuaoU: ԳUaoOA aoYեn 2500 բY?ICa, UեI?U?eYaoAUaoYA N?Uեn ?CY: ??UեnC ? AaonuեnC A?OեnA ?e?YOCY ?CY? ??U գUaoO?oCY Aaonu UեI?N?naoeiYեnC NaOեnY ?n U??IaoU: iեncCY A?U?Y?IYեnaoU Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?Y IaOUCo N?UեnC YI?iU?Uբ N?I?anaa?գ?Y?A aoAեO ???եoaoAUaoY ?n գanIaoU AaonuեnC in?, eaoi Eaonեn ?CY i?n?IaoU, Aե N?UեnA i?YaoU, ?CAECeaoU, Oao?aoU գEaoE եY բ?nOn?onեE, ea?YaoAUaoYYեn եY I?i?naoU ? ?UE iեe?IC NեnUaon?YuYեn, ?UeaCeai ?AգaNaoAU?Y ?ECuA բ?nOn?o?i AaonuեnC Uեc: OեIIեniA գUaoO?u?O?u ?եneCUCY e?NU?Y?ICo ?, գUaoO?u?O?uC ?n?եEU?Y, NUaoeCe?UCY ? ?n?UiU?Y IaOUCo u?n?A?Ueեn եY 200 U. ?iեEC բ?nOnaoAU?Uբ, եnեu IaOUC U?eեnA ?Y?Y??Ean, ?Y?eCI iեO?YuYեn ?CY: ԳUaoO?u?O?uA aoYեn ??i NCY a?iUaoAUaoY. «OեI Iեni»? UեI u?O?u? ??i NYaoo, եnIn???nAC Nեi??Yuai NCUYaiCY ?iեniեE ?n? ?եn?A, anA գiYiaoU ?n ?UեY?բ?nOn u?n?A?UeեnC գ?գ?ACY, ?n?UiU?Y IaOUCo aoYեn Uai 5 N?.-C a?? N?nA i?n?IaoAUaoY, anC IեYinaYCo A?UeեnC ?n?YuCo UեI u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ e?eA caon ?n A?UAuaoU ? ?YNեi?YaoU? ?U? caonA ?aone ?n գ?ECe 5 IU. Nեe?ianaoAU?Y Eեe?Y eianaiCo, anC in? I?eaooi?I U?iaoeA? e. aaOae-aեinaeA, N?UեnC aoEi?iեOCY ?n: ?եn?C գ?գ?AC i?n?IaoAU?Y aane IaOUA a?iea?ni?I ? enբ?i??, eեO?YC UեIaoAU?Uբ u?nեnai? ?CY A?U?Y?IYեnaoU ?U? u?nեnA CYaaե՞e եY բ?nOn?onեE ao ??nեE, U?Y?i?Y?, an Nեi?C U?eA ?Y?aoY? ?` ?YN?Ui ?: a?neaC ??O?EA oեUեYiCo ?Uaon ?: ?եn?C ?n?UiU?Y U?eaoU I? UC?UY NեiCaiYC ??Y?a?nN: ?եn?A բ?nOn?Y?ECe ?e?cCY U?eaoU eaonբ e?nգeC i?YuY ?? ?iեni?I iC??IaoU: ?եn?C i?n?IaoAUaoYY ao E?YcեnA Ian?I եY I?OIaoYuC Uեc` ?ao??YYեn, Y?nգC?Yեn, U?Yao??IYեn, anaYu ??Y???Y iեOեnaoU NC?oUaoYu եY a?i??eaoU? o?n?A?UeեnaoU I?Y ?գY?ian?o ?Unեn, NUaoeCe?UCY u?n?A?UeեnaoU I? o?e?eaoY U?YaoI i?UnA, aniեO I?Y 20-Co ?iեEC ?գY?ian?o Oեe?o ?ani?I u?n?YO?iYեn? A?UeեnCo NaeaoU եY e?eYan?I cnեn: ?եn?C N?n?i?UCY U?eaoU I? եnIao գեnե?U?Yao? UեIA AaOain??I?Y, CeI UUaoeA? Naգ?an? i?n??aեiYեnC, եaCeIaaaeYեnC ? iեniեnYեnC: ?CY A?U?Y?Ii?YCo գaUaoAUaoY aoYեY NaOC Uեc A?Oi?I i?a?Y?u?nեn, anaYo in? ?an?գni?I եY InaY?I?Y ?eiC??YYեn: ԳUaoO?u?O?uCo 7 IU. Nեe?ianaoAU?Y in? I? ?e UC գեnե?U?Yao, anC UC i?a?Y?u?nC in? գni?I ?? UaA?Y?eaoY ?aOaoC ?եnO?IA եe ?C...

ԳUaoO?u?O?uA aoYեn 2 եIեOեoC, UեIA` Eեe?Y E?YcCY, UUaoeA` 1908 A. N?UiY?բեniեo, NaOC Uեc A?Oi?I enբ?i?? u?nեnai ?CYi?I: ??UեnA NaOA EnCiU?unեE ?CY, ana? iեOեn u?Y?i?IA iեn?YanaգեE: ԳUaoO?u?O?uA aoYեn AY??nO?I i?n?IaoAU?Uբ a?niե?Yեn, AA?ei?YYեn, AYIao?եYCYեn, ICn?Y, UեI u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ Yao?: Uaon?u?YaUaon a?niե?aoU I?n բE?Y ?OբUaon: ?CY A?U?Y?IYեnCo I?UCY u?nե NYO?YYեn, aniեO E?OaO ?CY u?UեE? ?YAY?N?i N?UiY?բեniaoU ?CY NaOCo ?aone եI?I I?ao?Yեn, I?n?eYեn, NCY ?n?UYեn ? ?UEY: ԳUaoO?u?O?uA aoYեn UC u?YC NaeaO UեI ?OբUaonYեn, anaYo cnեnA UC?oYեEai? UC u?YC cn?O?o I?naO ?CY ??E?iեoYեE: ԳUaoO?oCYեnA aoYեCY ?aun NaO?U?eեn? oanեY, գ?nC I?U բ?Uբ?I o?YեEai CnեYo գaUaoAUaoYA a??ia?YaoU ?CY: IECU?Y Eei??aoYa ?n, բ?Uo ?eaOc?n?n: 1-Co 2 U. OUaoY ?n iեOaoU, CeI ?anCE ?UeCY` N?EiaoU: aY?U?I գUaoO?oao i?i a?UU?YYեnCY, IU?YuA aon?E ?n: Գ?nY?Y OYN?EC A?U?Y?I գUaoO?u?O?uC N?UեnA? iO?U?n?CI, I?Y?Uu CnեYo եnեE?Yեnai, ICn?IC unեnA CnեYo A?U?Y?IA ?YoI?oYaoU ?CY բեn?C բ?nOaoYuYեnaoU ?NaE-?aoeY?UC ? ?UE Yi?գC i?I a?naoU, եnգaoU, N?neYեnA ?e?YOCY ??? ?CY ??nIaoU, a?n գ?ECe, c?Y գUaoEaoU ?eaoU, AAC ?a??բ E?eYեEai OU?Y Nեi` ????IaoU? ?? NCY N?UI?I?Y a?Oa?O?IC O?Y ?n?

ԳUaoO?u?O?uC ?UեY?UեI AYi?YCuA N?U?niaoU ?n U?Eբ?Y?U?YYեnC AYi?YCuA, iYiեeaoAU?Y Y?N?aեiY ?n OCY?e ?UCY: Un?Yo AYi?YCuA բ?OI?o?I ?n 40 ?YaCo: OCY?e ?UCY 100 i?nեI?Y ?n, ?եe I?Ui?e: ICYA N?U?niaoU ?n iYiեeaoAU?Y A?գaoNCY, aoYեn 7 iO?? բaEanY ?E ?UaoeY?o?I: aoYեn Y?? IaeYեn, ?anaoU ?CY UC?eCY: Un?Yo UեI N?nI?YC iaoYA բ?A?Yi?I ?n 7 eUaoYեnC, anaYo Uaon?u?YaUaon UCc?YIU?E i?n?IaoAU?Y in? ?anaoU ?CY iO?YեnA? CnեYo AYi?YCuYեnai: iO?YեnCo UեIA? ??nբCY, UUaoeA? YեnI?n?n, UC U?eA եnIn?գanI, UC U?eY ?E ?Y?eY?a?N ?CY: OCY?e ?UCY ?UեY եnեIa I?YaaoU ?n iO?YեnCY, N?neYեnCY, N?YOY?n?naoAUaoYYեn ?n i?ECe N?can? uni? N?U?n? ?UեY եnեIa eiaoգaoU ?n I?i?naO?I?YA ? Yan N?YOY?n?naoAUaoYYեn i?ECe: Un?Yo AYi?YCuA, ?Yaai UեI ECYեEao Nեi??Yuai, ?UեY un AaYCn ?n i?eaoU, N?o AEaoU, UեI I?Ae?Uai ea?e I?U ??? ե?aoU? Aei ?YaC i?Y iCICYA ???A բ?A?YaoU ?n UեI I?iե ?U?YYեnC Uեc: ??neYեnA OCY?e ?UCC ? Yn?Yo iCIYac Nեi a?CY EaeaoU, U??U?YYեnA UCYa? uAեnA u???I? ??nAaoUYեnai ?CY N?eI?oYaoU: Un?Yu CeI?I?Y Y?N?aեi?I?Y IU?Yu ?CY i?naoU: Un?Yo AYi?YCuA ?anaoU ?n CnեYo ?ni??n?Yuai, i?eaoU ?CY OեAC ?n?գ, uaouaon?Co a?in?eii?I UaoOեn, In?IA ?YAեOaoU ?CY UaEnC Uեc, anaեe?C UUaoe unA uc?E i?eեY: ?Aե N?YգaoU ?n In?IA, N?n??YCo ?CY բեnaoU: AեUC ? ??u?nC գanI?IaoAUaoY aգCiեCY: OCeA, UaoOA, a?YCnA, «uYcaoA» N?oA, a?naoEA ? ?UEY CnեYo eե??I?Y ?ni??n?YuY ?n? Ii?iA YեnIaoU ?CY CnեYu, ?UeaCeai ?neC I?nCu a?n ?գ?oiaoU: ?Yaaեe գUaoOC UUaoe բY?ICaYեnA, Yn?Yu YaoUYaեe OUեei? i?eեECuA ?a?NaiեEao N?U?n, ?uEan?I?YaCY CnեYo ??եnai 6 IU. Nեe?ianaoAUaoYCo, ?Yi?eCo ?UեY un ??Ui ?CY ?aE??naoU? Un?Yo AYi?YCuCo UC?UY eCUaY U?Eբ?Y?U?YY ? IեY??YC, anA ??E?iaoU ? EUբ?գnaoAUaoYaoU:

1914 A. eեaiեUբեn ?UCeY ?n? OaoYեiCIYեnA ?aOaoYեnai UեI գaeaoU ?CY? ?UեY CYa aեiaoAU?Y a?iեn??UA ??NեEao N?U?n ?? eIeեoCY E?YaoAYեnA ??i?nIեE, UC?UY N?UեnCo u??e, Y?iA, eYY??UAեnu, Ia?CI, գaoEa? ?UեY CYa գnC ?CY ?eYaoU, ?Yi?Y?I?Y ?aE??naoU, ?eaoU ?CY, an a?iեn??UCo Nեia Ii??niC: ??UեnC iC??IA eaeI?EC ??nO?i, eIeեoCY ?aE??n?I?Y UCcaoYեnA, ??եnA, canCYեnA ? OCեnA N?i?uեE, iեncaoU ?E, Aե բ?Y?ICY UCe ? N?nI?ian ? N?i?uեoCY բaEan ?Y?eaoYYեnA: 1914 A. NaoYCe ?UeCY ?nեգ?IA E?i?nեo, ?UYaեe UAYեo, an Uai UեI A?U N?UեnA eգaoU ?CY ao N?U?naoU ?eiIao a?iCAA? ?aEan iYեnC ?e?c, ACAեOC in? N?o ?CY AEaoU ao բ?A?YaoU EեO?եnCY? ?nN?iCnuA ?YoYեEao N?U?n: ?nICnA ??nO?i ?Y?a?i, UC IaOUCo UanեEA, UC IaOUCo եn??iA, UC IaOUCo N?UեnC ?CYian?գniեEA, UUaoe IaOUCo E?YaoAYեnC ??i?nIiեEA, IեnեnC ? եnեE?YեnC E?o ao IaIA, Yn?Yo A?i?e iC??IA ?UեY CYa iեn?IեE ?CY ?AaEuC: ?N? ?Ueaեe ?n N?UեnC iC??IA OեIIեniaoU: ??U ?i ???e?O? o????? oaE???????aoAUaoUA ?i ????I?OaoAUaoUA

Aaonu I?e?i?naoAUaoYA NYaoo Cn??եI ?n N?U ? ?եneCUC un?եnC բ?nեI?UaoAU?Y U?eCY: 1914 A. NaIiեUբեn ?UeCY ?U? եnIao ??գեnC Uեc A?Y?U?Yu eեnU?YեEao Ya?i?Iai, anaեe?C N?UեnA ?եneCUC un?եnC Uեc a??EaեY, I??U?Iեnaեo un?եnC I?n?aoE, anaYu a???nեoCY OեIIեniA? N?UեnC գaoUuA A?E?YեEao Ya?i?Iai? a???naoUA i?եo 3 un, ea?Yiեo N?UեnCo 3 NaգC, UեIA? en?aCaY ??naoAUaoYU?YC եOբ?UnA? OCe?IA: en?aCaYA ?UAU ??E?iaoU ? 447-n? գanI?n?YaoU: on?եnA` գao??IեEai I?e?i?naoAU?Y ??iեnA, Nեi u??iեoCY: ?UeaCeai N?UեnC ? un?եnC Uեc ?e?c?o?i ?Y?a?NaiaoAUaoY: Uan Nn?U?Y ?nO?Iiեo գեn?գaoUY Nn?U?Y?i?n ?Yiեn ????UC IaOUCo, an N?UեnCY AaoUE?iniaoU ? 40 aeIC UaoIեE aեi?I?Y ?n?U?nIO? ?CYianC ?nI?գCY? բ?Y?ICo N?n???iYեnCY ???iեEao N?U?n? ??iեnA գaoU?nA UaoIեoCY, ??iեnY ?E aonC?YեnCo a?niu ?nCY, N?YOYեoCY ?n?U?nIO: ԳaoU?nY ?E գY?o, aa au ?E Nեi aiեn???nO?i: OեIIեniC Aaonu N?U?Iեn ?EC E?iCC iO?YեnA? ?aoeեUYCYA ? e?aoyA, anaYu N?UեnC ??n?YuYեnai ?CY ?anaoU, ai?բaբCI ?CY U?Y գ?ECe, YaoUY unA A?Y??nU գniեoCY: Uan Nn?U?Y ei?oiեo? N?UեnCo N?i?uեE ?եYuեnA? ?U? YaoUY ?YOY?ianaoAUaoYYեnA ? UC u?YC aonC? A?Y??nUYեn eIeեoCY Eao??nIեE N?UեnC iYեnA, I?Y?Yo, IեnեnCY IեIեE, Ea?i?YգեE, եAե ?եYu a?CY գiYaoU eiCaaoU ?CY, an ?neCo ?եYu գYեY ao N?YOYեY, anaեe?C ?a?oaooեY, an N?UեnA ?եYu եY a?NեE? CeE?UYեnCY IaianեEao N?U?n: OCein ?UU?YA E?nբեn? u?O?uC գեnU?Y?I?Y ?anaoC iYunեYY ?n: ?nբ եe eaianaoU ?C ??n?i uaEեcaoU, Y? anaեe ?eii?I?բ?Y UC u?YC ?Yգ?U u?na? I?n??o uaEեcC ???IեniaoAU?Y N?U?n, ?auեnA ??IaoU, գEaoEA ?եaC iեn բ?nOn?oYaoU, ?OaAaoU ? «?eii?I??YaCo» N?ii?IYեn I?n?aoU: ?U? unեnCY ?U? E?n??E բ?nեa??iA? Cn ?OcI? Nեi y?UiaY Yei?I, E?nբեn? u?O?uC ?aOaoYեnaoU ?ncaoU, N?UեnCY N?YOY?n?naoU ?n? ?եYuեnYC? N?YOYեoեu Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?YA: I?e?i?naoAUaoYA Oե? YեnaoU ?? ?e եn??E?ianaoU եU Oեn IU?YuC ?a?NaiaoAUaoYA: Aե N?UեnA C՞Ya ?CY ?nեE, an I?e?i?naoAUaoYA aեiu ? Yեnեn: ana? N?Uեn N?i?i?Eai Yn? EaeiaoUYեnCY? N?YOYեoCY CnեYo aoYեo?I I?U գY?I ?in??Y?IYեnA? Naoe?Eai, an ?UE?e ?եYu N?YOYaO aI?? ?? ?eCA N?Y?Ce?o?i anaa?գ?Y?եEao, Aե N?UեnA Aaonu AaOain?C A?Y?UCYեnY եY, Aե an ?U? ?եYuեnA a?NեE ?CY AaonuեnCY IaianեEao N?U?n: 1915 A. U?UCe ?UeCY, UC գC?եn, Eao??nIaoAU?Y NեnAA N?e?i Uեn AYi?YCuCY, Eao??nIaOYեnC a?n?գEaoEYեnY ?CY ?aoeեUYCYA ? e?aoyA? ?YO ?eCY? N?Un? ?եYu aoYC, բեn N?YOYCn, եe a?i?eE?YեoC? ?anaoaoU եU eaianaoU, ?եYuC U?eCY գ?O???n aaoYեU, ?C?i ? Uեn UC?I ?in??Y?IA U?Une a?N?I aoYեn ai??anaoU: eIeեoCY YIaoOCo eIe?I UCYa? iեnC N?nIA Eao??nIեE, iեO??anեnA, I?n?eYեnA, a?N?n?YA, բaEan I?I ao IaoIեnA, եnբ ao?aoU ?CY Uane Eao??nIեE, Y? բեnեo UC ?C? uOC, an N?Une a?N?I aoYեn ? UC u?YC Iian գ?A?, EUեEaoo Nեia Uane ?UE?e aEao??nIեoCY: ԳanIA բ?nեN?caO iեnc?o?i: eIeեoCY N?i?uեE OեIIեniC եn?եEC UեI?N?e?I IեnեnCY, EonեoCY ?CYian?I?Y I???nU?YեnA? ??e?UU?EYեnA, N?U I?Y?Uu, բ?Yi?nIU?EYեnCY N?o ?CY i?YaoU, e?I?UY N?oA a?CY AaoUE?inaoU N?YOYեE ?UaoeCYYեnCY, Yn?Yu UanUauA eniYեnCY Nեi ?CY iեn???eYaoU, բ?Uo բaEan ?U? ?nN?iCnuYեnA N?U I?Y?Uu u?neCni iaIaoU ?CY: ??Yi?nIU?EYեnA aiեeYi?I Ea?i?YգaoUYեnC ?CY եYA?nIiaoU: ??Yi?nIi?IYեnA 250 NaգC ?CY? ?UեY գC?եn 10-15 Naգao? I?ai?I, ai?բaբCI, 5 IU. ??Y?a?nN ?CY i?YaoU? ?եaC eY??Uu?n ?ei?I i?UnA, eY??U գUaoOCo 2 IU. Nեeao, I?oCYai E?aoU, ?a?e?AC գEECo o?I ?CY գoaoU ?Y?aoY?A: eIeեoCY ?e??YգեE N?U ?OcCIYեnCY, N?neYեnCY???U?Iեn ?aoeեUYCYA IaianեEai eaonC E?aaUC AYi?YCuA, ?e??Yգեo Yn? ?OcI?Y` O?nCI?UCY, e?aoyA ?e??Yգեo ????O?IoC O?YaoIC ?OcI?Y? e?e?UCY, E?E?cU?YYեnC ?OcI?Y` O?nCYaeCY, O?EaUեYo ?OcCI i?n?CICY, ?YY?UCY: ??cC ?O?UC iO?Y` O?NU??A ? ?eU?UCEA ?e??YգեoCY E?aiեYo ??naoAUaoYC ?OcCI ??YCiCY: ??cC ?O?UեYo ?եnCyA? E?aUեYo ?Eեue?YC IYacA, aaE?E ?O?Y? Ui?n?aUեYo N?neCY:

??UեnCo anaեe ?nNեei?ianYեn UY?oեE ?CY uեeCe? ??IaբA, anA Ia?I?I?n ?n, U?Eբ?Y? E?aCIA, anA a?Ui?n ?n ? aonC? UC u?YC NaգC? ?e uեeaoe Uai ???Iեni ?C: ?բn?NCU a?iao? ?YaoYai 80 i?nեI?Y UC Aaonu, an uեeaoe UiեnCU I?YaAY ?n, 1915 A. U?UCeC 30-CY, եnեIaU?Y A?UA 5-CY եI?i uեeaoe Uai? Cn Ia?CIA i?YեEao? Գ?OiYC Iեnaai uեeaoe N?UiYեo. - ??Iaբ u?YC ?եe ?aoi ?, Nեe?oCn, եAե I?naO եe AYi?YCu? ?E Nեi? i?n, Yan Nn?U?Y ? եIեE N?UեnCo եnեE? ?Yգ?U aaեiu ? UY?, ?YaOC iaoYA u?Y?iC, ?aou C՞Ya եu ?nեE, an Oե? ?Ue iC??ICY N?eonCY: oեeCe, an I?YaA ?n UC uaon? ?O?UC, anC ?YaoYY ?n Oaoe? ?ECե Eaa, anA Y?? UC?YaoUY A?U?Y?I Nane? ??O??e?nC UiեnCUY ?n ? UեYu Yn?Yo uCni? (u?ian ?CYu) ?eaoU, բ?nեբ?Ei?բ?n, ?U? U?n?A Ui?i uեeaoe E?YaoAA: oեeCe EY?nեo? an Uե? ??EoYC ?եneCU: U? Eaei?o?i: a?UU?Y?ianiեoCY գC?եnA, OեIIեniCo 1 IU. Nեe?ianaoAU?Y in? գiYiaO ?Eao? I?eC Uai : oեeCe ?i?a Oեeu բեnեo un?C ?anեn, In?nեo, ea?eaoU ?CYu գC?եni? A?UA 1-CY, an ?aone գ?Yu ??EaoeiC: ?nբ NC?aoU եU ?U? unեnA, Aե եe C?Ya EO?C iեn U?n? ?C, an 5-7 i?nեI?Y unace ao եOբane, U?Une aY?U?I EanA ?n, CeI?I?Y UanCo ?E E?iY ?n, AaOեoC ?Y?a?ei?Y ao AY?UC?i I?naiA eniCe Nեe?o?: OեIIեniA a???ni?I ?n A?Y??nUYեnai, գC?եnA 10 iեOai 10-15 NaգCai NeIaoU ?CY, an U?n? a??EaC, ?YեnA ?UբaOc գC?եnA aeYaoU ?CY:

oեeCe In?ni?I un?C ?anեnA CYO iiեo ao ?e?o. «oanեYC ?niC UCcai aoOCO IգY?e ?Eao?C I?eC Uai: ?ECE?YA ?UYiեO ?, Yn? Uai Iea?eեe, եe ua Nեi?Co Iգ?U»: ԳC?եnA EaoeYI? ?n, եe In?nA iեnonեoC, oanեYC ?niC UCcai ??nAiեoC? ?YեnA N?aեEai AYI?Y CU Nեi?Co, բ?nեբ?Ei?բ?n A?Y??nUYեnA CYO aYI?iեoCY? ??e? ?ECE?YCY, ?UբaOc գC?եnA ea?eեoC uեeaoe, Y? aեI?i, ?e?iai գC?եnA A?UA 4-CY ?EեE?YA ?e?i? ?E aեYu I?naO ea?eեE EaoUeA Iբ?oiC? ?e ? ?EեE?YA OեIIեniC ?n?UiU?Y ??Y?a?nNai ??nAiեoCYu եIեOեoao a?Oa?UC AAC ECi I?eեnC UCcai? ?Yi?eai բ?nOaoYuai Eեe?Y գ?գ?AC N?I?e?I IaOUai Cc?Yu EեnեiեUC գUaoOA, aniեO ?anaoU ?n ?EեE?YA, e?I?UY Yn? AYi?YCuA գiYiaoU ?n EaaaoY գUaoOaoU, eiCai?I ?CYu գY?E EaaaoY գUaoOA? ԳUaoOC IեYinaYC ?OբUaonC Uai aN?e?I, եe ?ECE?YCY ?eC? ?UeiեO Iea?eեU, ?ao գY? գUaoOA aoeaoUY?eCnC A?Y??nUYեn aI?՞Y? U? CYO iei?Nեonեo, Aե ?Ue ao? A?UCY A?Y??nUYեn aեY ECYC: ??naoY?IեoCYu ??Y?a?nNA գUaoOC IեYinaYai, N?YI?nI NCYգ A?Y??nUYեn Uե? a???nեoCY, ?ECE?YA ??E?i եe UY?oC aeiCI?YYեnC OեeuCY? OC u?YC u?UEC in? YaoUYaեe Oեnբ?I?EեoCY OեIIեni գUaoO?u?O?uC aane N?U գUaoO?oCYեnC, anaYo եe ??Y?aaoU ?C: iեn AanaeեYo O?YaoIA, oCEaU?Y O?YaoIA, anA ?UAU գiYiaoU ? uncaYCICOե u?O?uaoU, E?E?cU?Y ԳnCգanA, ??Yգa ?aiN?YYեeA? Un?Yu AaIեnai I?ai?I ?CY ? IaOu IaOuC a?eI?I: ?YO Eao??nIեoCY, UC?UY 23 Oaoeao? ?n?U aoYեC, iեnonCY CYO ?E I?aեoCY? ?e 17 i?nեI?Y ?C, բ?Uo Naoe?N?iaoAUaoYCo NեIեI?Eai E?o ?C ECYaoU? A?Y??nUYեnCo UեIA, anA եnI?n N?e?Iai, ?եI ?եUuai, բեEեnai ?n, ?գ?UaoY ?n, Uե? բ?nC ?auեnai ?n Y?UaoU, բ?Uo aaCYa ?YեE a?n I?naO, u?YC an Yn?YoCo UC?UY CYuY ?n uaon?: ?YO?YCo ?e?c Eao??nIեE ?CY AaIai I?ai?IYեnCY, UC?UY E?E?cU?Y ԳnCգanC Uai գiեE ?CY եnIao ?C? AaoUY: ?U? AaoUYA iեnonեE ?n YեO unեnC N?U?n, an CnեY AaoY?ianC? ?n?եY Eaoe?բ?o ?n, ?n?A ?եe aI?գ?I գUaoOC ?UբaOc AaOaiaon?A? ICY, եnեE?, iO?U?n?CI ?CiaoU ?CY Uեn iC??IA? Un?Yo Uեc ?CY Uեn գUaoOC ?aun N?e?I?ianYեnA? eեN?Y i?i?U?YA ? e?nգCe OCY?eU?YA? un?եnC ?anեn N?գ?I? Un?Yu ?UAU բY?IiaoU եY Uan-E?nբեn?aoU: on?եnA E?o ?CY ECYaoU, UCc?UiaoU Uե? ???i ?nO?IեEao, բ?Uo Aaonu A?Y??nUYեnA գaeaoU ?CY Yn?Yo in?: ?n?A I?գեo, Uե? aiuC I?YգYեonCY, I?ai?I iC??Iai i?nCY 3 IU. Nեe?ianaoAU?Y in?? AUaonao?UեI? OYOan գեiC ??C ?Yi?eA գY??I?N?nեEao: ?nբ iեO N?e?Yu, Uե? I?ai?I iC??Iai ??nuC I?YգYեonCY, Nn?o?YYեnCY ??U?ao?i ?YեEai ?aOեnA Uե? aoOOեoCY , բ?Uo N?YI?nI I?Yգ ?e?Y, եe E?o ?C ECYaoU? ?եI U?n?A CYO in? ?n In?IեEao, Yn? ?եUuA գaoY?i ?n, եn?C EO?aoU ?n CYO? OեIA ?U? a?NCY ?Yi?eCo ?aone եI?i, ?? ?UY U?n?Y ?n, anA CYO, uեeaoe OեIIեniC գUaoOCo ?ECE?YC Nեi ??EoYեEao a?ni?I?YaoAUaoYY ?n N?YOY ?eեE? ?YaoYY ?n ?ECEa?C Oaoe?? U? գae?o A?Y??nUYեnC in?. «?E iեO aգi?՞u, CU ?Yi?eaoU եu ea?YaoU N?UեnCY»: A?Y??nUYեnA Nեi u??եoCY Nn?o?YYեnA ? a?i?eE?YեoCY.

- aեiaoAU?Y Nn?U?YY ?, Uե? Nn?U?Ui?I ?? aniեO N?U iեeYեYu, aեiu ? ea?YեYu, NեYo ?n? N?U?n ?E EaoUբ I??U?I գUaoOեnA U?Y եYu գ?ECe? ??Eei?I?Y N?U գiYեEao N?U?n: ?n?C ?ECE?YA Eaon ?n N?eonեE Oaoe?UC ?ECEa?CY, Aե ??iCAA I?E?Y?iani?I ? A?Y??nUYեnC IaOUCo? ?U? a?i??eai Oaoe?Y N?UiYiեo Uե? Uai: Oaoe?Y ??i iC?եEaoo, բ?Uo ?n?UaoYu aiiեo: U? գna?YCo N?Yեo 15 Aaonu?I?Y aeIC, I???eեo A?Y??nUYեnCY, Uե? բ?o AaOCY? Oaoe?Y Uե? ?e?i? Oեn գEEC ??nA գiեu: ao՞n I?naO ?CYu գY?E, բaEan գUaoOեnaoU ?ncaoU ?CY A?Y??nUYեnA: ?U N?UnA Oaoe?UC iO?UC u?ianY ?n? Un? iO?Y? ?ECY E?O?O A?U?Y?I eaianaoU ?n OեIIեni գUaoOC Aaonu?I?Y ?anaoaoU, ?anaoU Uեn i?YA: ?e ?եe U?YIaoo ??Y?aaoU ?C Yn?Yo? ?nբ eaianaoU ?C E?nբեn? u?O?uC ??n?i uaEեcaoU, Yn?Y a?C iեeեE ao Yn? ?CU?գIեnA Uae?oaoAU?Y ?C iiեE: ?e ? E?E??C ԳnCգanA E?aaoY գUaoOC EեeYեnA բ?nOn?o?Yu, CeI UUaoe N?UեnA ?UE IaOU գY?oCY: EեeA, aon UեYu ?CYu բ?nOn?oեE, ?Yi?eai, բ?nOn EեeY?a?e?Aai ?n? 6 un UY?oCYu eai?I, eYiaoU ?CYu i?UnC E?OaOC iեn?Yեnai, գC?եnA CcYaoU OanեnA, caon EUaoU ao ??nOU?E բ?nOn?YaoU EեeYեnA: ?ECE?YA Uե? եnI?n ?YinեEaoo Nեia գi?i u?n?A?UeեnC i?I, Cn Nեi բեnեE ?n N?o ? ?aECY?, բ?Uo uCa I?naO?o?Yu aoiեE: U? CYO N?UiYեo, an uեeC?? ??IaբA, գiYiaoU ? ??Ya?IC ???iC u?nC i?I? ?ECE?YA Uեn U?eCY EnCi a?iUեE ?n uեeaoe? OեYu UaoA A?U?Y?I Cc?Yu uեeaoe Uai, uեeCe ?ECE?YCY iiեo 15 aeIC ? ?e?o? Ii?e Oaoe?UCY, ?UY գaoU?nC ?CU?o, an iiեE ?n A?Y??nUYեnCY unac an?ao ? UUaoe N?UեnC ???iU?Y N?U?n: OեYu եnեuai բ?nOn?o?Yu EեeA, UC u?YC un ?e UY?oCYu: 1915 A. NaoYCeC 8 ?n, գC?եni? A?UA 1-A, UեIA Uե? OanCo I?Yaեo. «??Ia?բ, ??iC?A»? OեYu I?eI?I?UiեoCYu, Aե ?? ??i ?? Uե? բeYեEao N?U?n? iեnc?aեe I?U?o-I?U?o o?I Cc?Yu? EaoeYU?I գC?եn ?n, YaoUY I?YaA InIYiaoU ?n: OեYu YI?iեoCYu UC IYac, anA IECYեn Uai 50 i?nեI?Y: U? Uե? YI?iեo ao ?e?o «aգa-aգa», an un?եnեY Y??Y?IaoU ? O?գaoIYեne?

- 8 un ? ?aou CYaa՞i եu eYiaoU, Oե? N?U?n ???, N?o ? բ?Yc?n եU i?a?IեE բեnեE, Iեnեu: ?e Oaoe?UC ICYY եU, Y? CYO aoO?nIեo Oե? ?YinեEao ? i?YեEao Uեn iaoYA: OեYu ?UE?IեnaiեE ?CYu, IեOiaiiեE, U??iեE, U?n?I?UCY ?UE?Y??I ?եUu aoYեCYu, Uե? N?U?n U?NA o?YI?EC ?n? Oaoe?UC ICYA, anC ?YaoYA O???E ?n, ?e?o? եe ?e?c IգY?U, Cբn Aե aaE?nYեnA N?i?uեEao, ?aou CU Nեi?Co I?U?o-I?U?o եIեu: Oaoe?UC iaoYA OեIIեniCo 5 IU. Nեeao ?n? ?եaC ?n?Uaoiu? ?UeaCeai UեYu Nեi?եoCYu O???ECY: A?UA գC?եni? եnեuCY N?e?Yu CnեYo iaoY? Oե? Iեn?InեoCY aeaե ?aaonai ? CcեonCY ?EUaonC ??Uiե ?Uբ?nYեnC Uեc: i?EեY?Eai A?Y??nUYեnCo, Iեe A?U UY?Eaoo Nեia, Uե? N?YեoCY ?Uբ?nCo ? a?NեoCY CnեYo ?iեU?n?YaoU, aniեO a?NaoU ?CY UaoO, a?YCn: Oaoe?Y, anA i?nCuai 50 i?nեI?Y ?n, Uե? ?e?o.

- ?Ue բaEanA Oեn uգiC N?U?n եYu ?YaoU, u?YC an գUaoOA Uai ? OեIIեniCY, A?Y??nUYեnA Uե? Uai ??i եY եnA?եIaoU, N?Uեn եY anaYaoU ? iեOaoU ea?YaoU: ?e?iaiU?Y Uե? ?aE??nեoCY U?n?գ, aniեO ??nU?Y ?n: OեYu U?n?գaoU ?UեY un Uեn U?NY ?CYu o?YI?YaoU? EaoUe aI?n ? NaoUe aI?n, E?o ?CYu ECYaoU, uեeCe` ??IaբA, Cn գaiCY I?E ?n iiեE ooCo? I?EiեEao Ui??naoAU?Uբ: ?nբ A?Y??nUYեnA Uaoiu գanIեoCY Uեn iaoY, uեeaoe AYi?YCuA OեIIեni գUaoO?u?O?uCo ?եe a?CY iեO?N?YեE? ?U? U?eCY Y?U?I aoO?nIեoCYu Oaoe?UC Nեi, an iYCo ?UեY CYa AaoUE i?Y բեnեEao? U? բ?i?I?YCY գaoUu բեnեo, CeI AYi?YCuC ?Y??UYեnCY aN?caOեo?i բեnեE, u?YC an գUaoOA a???ni?I ?n: ana? A?U?Y?I ?Yo, Oaoe?Y CYO N?Oan?եo, an U?Une, uaoUne, եOբ?Une, Uan?uaoUne գUaoOC բY?ICaYեnC Nեi iեO?N?Y եY ?niեE ? 60 IU. Nեe?ianaoAU?Y in? գiYiaO ??Eao գեiC I?UncCo բaEanCY A??եE եY գեiA? ?U? EeեEaoo I?nIեe գEECe եe?on?I caon EonեoCY, ao??A??iեoC, ?a? ?YAY?N?i E?o ?C ECYaoU, գC?եnYեnA uaoY aaoYեC: IU?YuCe iեncCY AեEY ?E Iiniեo: Oi?IaoU ?C? C՞Ya ? ECYեEao Uեn iC??IA, u?YC unեn ao ?UCeYեn ?Ue iC??IaoU aեiu ? UY?UCYu: ԳY?Eai ?Yi?YեEC ?n ??eYaoU IU?YuA?

Oaoe?Y aoYեn Uai 20 N?. NaO?UCY i?n?IaoAUaoY ? բ?i?I?Y?a?? ?Yi?e ? ?Y?eaoYYեn ? UեI NեOCY?IaoAUaoY aoYեn? U? a?iI?YaoU ?n ԳaonC??Y ??CnեACY, anaYo UC U?eA oni?I ?n ?Ue ao ?UY IaOUեnA? ??Une Y?? u?ian ?n Uaoe?i?Y ??CnեAC oեO?aեi Oao?եa?C iO? E?YaեnCY? ?եe 10 i?nեI?Y N?e?IaoU N?Une CYO ?E ?n i?nեE Yn? եOբan N?ne?YCuCY? E?YaեnA E?i ?aEN?n?բեnaoAU?Y Uեc ?n Nane Nեi, Uեn iaoY UC?i գYaoU ao գ?ECe ?CY: E?Ya?nA, EeեEai CU ??EaoeiC U?eCY, եIեE ?n Oaoe?UC Uai? CYO i?YեEao, e?I?UY Oaoe?Y ?eեE ?n, an ??iCAA Uե? Uai aC, aգCiեU C՞Ya a?ini?Iai ?n ?eեE? OC un UեYu եnեuai Oaoe?UCY ?e?oCYu, an UեYu UCYa? iեnc uե? Uai ?a?Nai aեYu I?naO UY?E, UC un ?E uե? I?e?i?naoAUaoYA II?E?Y?ianC, E?i IECYC, an Uե? aoO?nIեe ?iեEC ?a?Nai iեO? Uaoeai?Y ??CnեAC Uեc, u?YC an Yn?Yu ?YI?E եY aեiaoAUaoYCo: U? N?U?O?UYiեo?i ?U? ?YեE: OC u?YC un Nեia, եnեu Nn?o?Y?ian U?n?CI anaYoCo UեIC ?YaoYA ?EեCaեi ?n, գC?եnai եI?Y Uե? i?YեEao Uaoeai?Y ??CnեAC ?EեCեaեiC iaoYA: OեYu ?Yo?Yu ??Y???Y գUaoOեn, ??ecեI գեiA, iեnc?aեe Eaoe?բ?oCY N?e?Yu ?EեCեaC iaoYA? Un?Yu գ?nե N?oai ? A?nU A?Yai Uե? Iեn?InեoCY: ?EեCaեiA Uեn N???EU?Y EaonA N?eonեE ?n oեO?aեi EեYaեnCY, anCY ?e ?O? ?CY I?YaaoU? U? UեI aeIC Yiեn ?n iiեE ?EեaեiCY ? Cn iO? uեYiECY aoO?nIեE ?n CYO ? uեeaoe i?YեEao: ԳnCգanA UY?o, UեYu եnIaoeai գY?oCYu Yn?Y «OaY?O»? ?Oi?n գUaoOCo բ?nOn?o?Yu U?UE?YեnA? 5 IU. Nեe?ianaoAU?Y in?: Uaoeai?Y ??CnեAA iեU?Y?Y ??CnեACY e?NU?Y?ICo ?n? Yn?Yo IaaaoU ?CY O?UգaoYYեn, ??i NY?n?ian ?, an O?UCIaYU?YYեn եY, ?CU?գIեnA N?UAYIYaoU ?CY: Uaoeai?Y ??CnեAA aoYեn 500 Nn?o?Y?ian ?CYi?I aoA? oեO?aեiA? E?Yaեn ?O?Y ??i ???եoCI, NUaoi, ?Ci?Y?գեi բ?nեECO? U?n? ?n : ?U? ??CnեAA aoYեn Uai 30 UեI ? ?aun գUaoOեn, anaYo բY?ICaYեnA Nեeao ? UaiCI բ?nեI?UYեn ?CY? U? aoYեn Uai 90 i?nեI?Y N?Un, anCY IaaaoU ?CY OaonAեa?, ? U?UnA? E?AaoYA : aoYեn 3 եOբ?Un, Cn AYi?YCuA բ?OI?o?I ?n 6 ?YaCo, IYac ?YaoYY ?n On??Y? iO?YեnA? uYiE, ?eU?CE, O?Uե? ? ?OcI?Y ?YaoYA? u?AC: U? CYO a?NaoU ?n anaեe Cn ??i?IC? Un? եnեE?YեnC Nեi UC?eCY ?CYu uYaoU, Y? aon գY?n, CYO Cn Nեi ?n i?YaoU: Un? Uai I?UCY ?UE ??Eei?I?Y N?Uեn, 150 NaգC, anaYoCo 7-A AYi?YCuYեn ?CYi?I ?CY Nn?o?YYեnai? ?n?o?YYեnA CYuY ?n iiեE, iiեo Y?? CYO: a?????Yo N?U?eեn ?n? ??UեnC Uեc I?UCY ??Y???Y ?nNեeiC iեn U?n?CI, Yn?Yo eYY?C UեI U?eA CYuY ?n ?a?NaiaoU: UU?Y ??Eei?I?Y N?Uեn I?UCY Y?? aonC? ??CnեAYեnC Uեc: unCY?I? eaon?e?Uao AեUCn ?O?UC, OեnEaUC o??? ?O?UC ? ?UEY: 1915 A. eեaiեUբեn ?UeCY o?EC OaoiaonA? ue?Y A?Y??nUYեnai եI?i Uaoeai?Y ??CnեA? ?Oi?i գUaoOA? ??UiYեoCY EYaեn ?O?UCY, an OaoiaonA եIեE ? գUaoO, uե? ? ao?aoU: OեYu գiYiaoU ?CYu U?UE?UaoU: ??UեnCo N?i?uեo ue?Yiեo Nn?o?Y?ian U?n?CI, CYO ?E iեnonեo Cc?Yu ?Oi?i գUaoOC Uai: ?aEanY ?E un?C i?n??ai: ԳUaoOA գiYiaoU ?n եnIao գUaoOեnC UCc?YIU?E i?n?IaoAU?Y in?, Uaon?u?YaUaon OanaoU բ?A?Yiեo 13 NaգC ? ?e?i ?e?Yo CU YեnI?UaoAU?Uբ, եAե an?? A?Y??nU Oե? Uai Uaoiu գanIC IIn?Iեu ? CU A?Co բeYեEai UC?eCY գY?oCYu գUaoO, բ?nOn?o?Yu եnIN?nI?YC ?a?n?YuA aniեO ?CY N??iC եnIao IaOUC i?Ei?I?U?IYեnC in?: oեO?aեiA Cn Nn?o?YA I?E iiեo a?iCo ? Yeiեo OUaoianC Uai, CeI U?UnA CYO I?Yaեo Cn Uai ? NUaon?eCnեo UեOnai ? U?IYai? ?e E?i AaonuեnեY գCiեUC, Yn?Yu EaeaoU ?CY AaonuեnեY ? Uaiեo? ?e?YA? EeեEao, Aե CYa եY EaeaoU: ?n?n բ?n?եEaoo Nեia Eaeu բ?oiեo N?UեnCY N?YOYեEao U?eCY, եe ?YN?YգCei ?C: oեO?aեiA iC?aoU ?n OUao?anC Nեi: ?YO Uai aa UC N?U aI? ?eaoU ?n: OUaoianA ?eaoU ?n? Nn?U?YY ?, aoU Uai an N?U I?, եAե aN?YOYC aեiaoAU?YA, Yn? iaoYA, iեOA Ii?eC, ?UբaOc գUaoOA INn?եNiC, aoYեoi?IuA IբeY?գn?iiC: iեnc?aեe ??i iC?եEaoo Nեia EYaեn ?O?Y cO?UY?o?i.

- ?YO Uai UC N?U aI?, CYa ao?aoU եu ?nեu? ?a? Nn?o?YA iեnonեo, CYO I?Yaեo, CU ?YaoYA ?Ea ?n ??nOեE, u?nC ?eiC??YYեnCo o?I Cc?Yu: EYaեn ?O?UC N?UnA Cn iOCY I?Yaեo iեn?, UեYu բ?nOn?o?Yu UC ?e?YOCY ?YIUaoY: ??UnA UanaouA բeYեEai? iOaoY ?e?o. - aգa-aգa (O?գe-O?գe), բaEanA գCiեY, an Uե? Uai ??i ??Eei?I?Y N?Uեn I?Y, ?nC UC u?YC N?Uեn i?Yu ao ?UeaCeai ?eեYu, an եO?I N?UեnCY N?YOYեE եYu, եAե aa, Uեn iaoY-iեOA, ?Y?eaoYYեnA Iգn?iեY? ??Uo iO?Y a?i?eE?Yեo. - oa iaoYY ?E, ua aoYեoi?IuY ?E, ua գUaoOY ?E? aa UC N?U aեU i?n, CYa ao?aoU եY ?YեY: ?e CU a?iCiA գեiYaiA aեU i?n: OեYu ??nOU?E ?eiC??YYեnCo Cc?Yu o?I, aoOOiեoCYu եnIao Oan?IYեnC Uեc գiYiaO N?UեnC Uai? Un?Yo Nեi բ?nOn?o?Yu ua?YեnC i?I? U? ??nեo ?CYi?I N?UեnCY, CYuA? UեciեOA, Nեe??Ci?Iai Y?Uեo o?I ? ?e?o. -?Aե OUao?anA A?Y??nUYեnC Nեi ?եaC Uեn IaOUA բ?nOn?Y?, NեYo ?eեU, CeIaoUY IIn?Iեu, CeI եAե aIn?Iեu, Oե? բaEanC? Iea?YեU: ??i a?Yo?I OUaoianA Cn A?Y??nUYեnai Nեi???nO aoOCY iեnonեo: oեO?aեiC ?եe?Y, anC ?YaoYY ?n O?Ua, OUaoianA O?UaUCY ?eեE ?n գY? EYaեn ?O?UCY ?e?, an եnIao U?i?O?oao aoO?nIC? ?nեIaU?Y O?UaY եI?i N?UiYեo OUaoianC a?N?YcA, N?can? unA oեO?aեiA եnIao aaE?n, եnIao ?aoA UեOn ? UեI canao բեe OUեnaoI Cn ?եe?UC Nեi aoO?nIեo OUaoianCY: OUaoianA ?eեE ?n? եe ?UeaCeC U?i?O a?C ao?եE? ??Uo??A

iaoACI a?a?Y N?naoei ?n aeIai, ?nI?Aai, եnI?Aai, I?a?nai?I?nUCn EեeA YaoUYaեe aoYեn ??i N?Y?IaYեn? eaon EaoUe EեeA? I?a?nai, u?n?IEai, ?եnc?YC ?nc?YA aoYեn N?naoei u?nUaoOC ?OբUaonYեn? o?U?EC (I?U?E) UaiեnA I?UCY N?naoei u?n?IaoEC a???nYեn, anaYo UC U?eA A?U?Y?ICY uգi?գanIեE եY NeaUե?oCYեnA: oOCCo UCYa? o?U?EC e?nեnA N?naoei ?CY ?OC N?Yuեnai: ?O?Uե ?եYECuaoU (Aեnc?Y) ?CY E?An AaOE?Y ?OC N?YuA, ?O?YOanC ?OC N?YuA, An?u գUaoOC ?OC N?YuA: I?UCY U?nU?nC N?Yu?UCY a???nYեn? iեnaNC?U?E N?YuեnCo գnեAե UեI U?eA a?n uգi?գanIiaoU, CeI uգi?գanIi?IYեnCo գnեAե i?e iaIaeA N??Ci ?n բ?ACY AYIYaoU Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?YA: OY?o?IA a?iI?YaoU ?n բեIեnCY: ??Uo?U?U ????A ??Yu?UCY cnեn I?UCY Y?? Aեnc?YC UCc?YIU?E i?n?IaoAU?Y? ?եEեY գUaoOC Uai, aniեO բaoAiaoU ?CY C?C?? aoYեoaO NCi?Y?YեnA? ?եnInC գUaoOC UaiC caonA Na??o?iեnC բaoAU?Y N?U?n ?n? E?EuCECe?UC (I?nUCn i?Yu) N?Yu?caonA բaoAaoU ?n U?neaOaoAUaoYA, ?եi?n?YC AAao caonA U?neaOaoAU?Y N?U?n ?n գanI?IiaoU, Y?? ?OCYեnC բanբauU?Y, բaoAaoU ?n ?Yգ?U բanaiYեCY? ?Ue N?Yu?UCY cnեnA, UեI U?e?Uբ, NaeեEai u?n?YaoU ? ??Y???Y գaoUYեnC ?nO?YYեn ? a?iIեnYեn ?CY I??UaoU:

aOբեnգ?I?Y iC??I eiեOIiեo N?U AaOain?C գEECY, եnբ eiեOIiեo a?iեn??UC Ya?eiC N?YOY?AaOai, ?U? N?YOY?EUբC a?ni?I?YaoAUaoYY ?n ?CYian?I?Y aեiuեnC N?U?n գn?iեE N?o UեI?u?Y?I ? ?aun?u?Y?I ao գUaoO?oCaoAU?Y ?an?YuYեnA ? գaoUuA ? ?UY ?aE??nեE CnեYo UCcaoYեnai, I?nCY, ?CAECe, i?Y, Oao? ? ?UE iեOեn: ??i?uiեoCY բn?եOեY, NaoU I?U a?in?eiC IianCY, I?naեiYեn, գanգեn, ?YIaOCYYեn, ?U?YեOեY, ??u?n, O?i?n, բ?Uբ?I, Eai, բaEan iեe?IC ?Y?eaoYYեn: ?e?Yo ?UY ?E N?UեnC iC??IA UECA?n?I?Y a?n, eiեOIiեo aOբեnգ?I?Y iC??I: Uan ?եInեi Nn?i?n?Iiեo N?UեnCo N?i?uեE բaEan iեe?IC ?եYuեnA, YaoUYCeI ??Y?IYեnA, eaoe?I?Y բ?Y?IA գn?iեE ?n ??e?Y Գ?E?Y, բ?Y?IC N?U ?CYianYեnA ?CY?A??iեoCY, N?U I?Y?Uu ?OեneaoU ?CY, CnեYo iC??ICo ?Ci?Y ?n iCnaoU:

ԳեnU?Y?oC, E?nբեn? ?anaoC iYunեY ? a?iiեEC, OCein ?NU?YA, anA UC A?U?Y?I ??n?i uaEեcC aoe?YaOaoAU?Y N?U?n anaեe ?eii?I?բ?Y u?na?Yեn ?n I?n?aoU, ?auեnA ??I` ?եaC iեn բ?nOn?on?I ?OaAaoU, an ?eii?I??YaCo N?ii?IYեn I?n??U: ?U? E?n??E, EIiC ?YOA, Cn ?OcI? Nեi I?euaoU Yei?I ?aOaoYեnA U?Y ?n գ?ECe ao ?eaoU. «??Uեn Oեn ?եYuեnA N?YOYեu Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?YA, բ?nC ?, եe Iեn??E?ianեU Oեn IU?YuC ?a?NaiaoAUaoYA»: ??i N?Uեn եnբ ?UU?YCY N?no ?CY i?ECe, CeI եAե ?եYu aaoYեYu, Y? a?i?eE?YaoU ?n ?UեYCo N?nU?nA ?եYu գYեE ? N?YOYեEY ?: ??i N?Uեn AaonuեnCo ?եYu գYեoCY ao N?YOYեoCY: Aaonu Nեi??CU?I?YYեnC OեeuCY anaa?գ?Y??UC aoAեO UCcao eiեOIiեo, N?Ui?n?nեEai C oaoUo, an N?UեnA ?եYuեnA a?NեE եY Uե? ea?YեEao N?U?n ? Eaonեn ?CY i?n?IaoU, Aե i?YaoU, ?CAECeaoU, ?n?naoUaoU, N?UեnA Aaonu AaOain?C YI?iU?Uբ ?YU?n?I?UCY գanIեn եY I?i?nեE ? ??i ao ??i NեnUaon?YuYեn: E?????? o?O?o? ?i ????I? ԳUaoO??? i?O???UaoAUaoUA 1915 A. O?U?e?-30-A

E?nբեn? u?O?uC UaoYեiCIY ?n O?NUao? a?ao?A, an Eeaai O?UYai գaeaoU ?n ?aOaoYեnaoU` Aei A?OեnC, N?iaoI unեnC Y?i?I ?n բeY?գ?OAA: ?U? ?AaE?UCY unեnA an?? գnai aC I?nեEC YեnI?U?oYեE? iեO?N?Yi?IYեnA C՞Ya I?naO ?CY NեiYեnA i?YեE, եnբ aaoYեCY ?aE??n?I?Y UCcaoYեn, Iեnեn ?CY, եnեE?Yեn, Eui?I ? NUaoIi?I I?Y?Uu: ?e?cCY u?n?i?YaoU I?UCY եn?եEC Ui?ian?I?YYեn, anayեean AnբեnU?Y, y?բnCI?Yi եOբ?UnYեn ? aonC?Yեn? CnեYo AYi?YCuYեnai, anaYu aoYեCY Iaoe?I?ECo i?iեn?oi?I AOAեn, anY Cբn եn??E?ianaoU ?CY Yn?Yo IU?YuC ?a?NaiaoAUaoYA, Cc??Y?I iեOեnaoU IU?YuC a?UU?YYեnC բ?nեE?iaoUA: ?UեYaon o?i?գCY, eni?a?i?e E?o ao IaI ?n? ?U? unեnA YեnaoU ?YanNiեo?i a?n?գanI բ?Yi?nIU?EYեnCY ? YaoUY a?n?գanIYեnC Oեeuai O?E?AC?UC, ?C?aEC ao ??n?i գեiC ??եnCY ?aNiեoCY 20000-Co ?iեEC N?Uեn: ?nInan? u?n?i?YA I??Ui?I ? eaonբ I?n?aեi, eaonբ eiե??Yae, eaonբ ??Iaբ ? ??Oե?C բY?ICaYեnCo Aiai 30000 NaգC, YaoUYaoAU?Uբ u?iեoCY E?Y oaUC ?C?aEC?UC ? O?E?AC?UC IaOUեnA, UanAiեoCY aեAեYYեnC Oեeuai: ?UeaCeai NեnA?I?YanեY iեO?N?YiեoCY UY?o?I N?UեnA: iեO?N?Yi?IYեnC aaYa?oaoUA գn?yCIai Cn?I?Y?oYեEao N?U?n I??Ui?I ?n N?iaoI N?YOY?AaOai Nեi?U?E I??Uai? Y?N?YգC Iaoe?I??E ??ACa բեU, E?nբեn?C գ?UU?I?U? ?eCU բեU, բ?Y?IC Nn?U?Y?i?n? uեnC? բեU, ?aECe UCinaUC? eե?C? բեU, ?aECe IaUCe?n? AC?? բեU, EanNn??I?Y? Y?N?YգC գեnU?Y?I?Y ?anaoC iYunեY` ?եe ?UU?Y, ?C?aEC ??CnեAC aեiեn? oEaoeiEC E?ECE ?yեY?C ? ???C E?U?, anaYu Cn?I?Y?onCY Y?N?YգC c?n?A: O?UCe ?UeCY Oեnբ?I?EiեoCY N?U u?O?u?I?Y Iaoe?IoaoAU?Y N?UiYC ?եUuեn? Un?Yu UaoA բ?YiեnC Uեc ?Y?eեEC a?na?n?YuYեnC եYA?nIiեoCY: ??YiaoU գ???Y?բ?n Ea?i?YգiեoCY ? ?UniեoCY 57 NaգC: o?N?Y? ?eE?YU?Y, ??Iaբ uեnU?YU?Y, ??naoAUaoY Գ?բnCեEU?Y, iCգn?Y ?eiCIU?Y, ??ao?n? A???U?Y, ?aIianYեn? iեniեnU?Y ? OC??EU?Y, ?e?iaon i?a?գ?U?Y ? aonC?Yեn, anayեean U?NCIU?Y, anayեean AեYCuե?U?Y, anayեeanYեn eaOCIU?Y ??an ? AEI?iCYoCY, aao?aoy?YU?YA, aեinaeU?YA: ?UEu Ea?i?YգaoUYեnC եYA?nIiեEaoo Nեia ea?YiեoCY O?ei?e Eեe?Y Iaiu E?C UaiեnuA? 1915 A. NaoYCeC 20-CY: U?N?YգC U?UCE բեIC UCcaoai i?inC? ? uiaoY OեUi?YC A?OC 3000 N?U բY?ICaYեn ?aNiեoCY oեe?Yu ? i?i?U aaUYC OanեnaoU:

I??O?? OaU?E «I??O?? ??Uo»-A I?nUCn ?եYuA գiYiaoU ?n OեOnC u?O?uCo ?եaC ?aoeեYCI գUaoO?u?O?u i?YaO ??Y?a?nNC in?? ?nեu N?nI?YC I?eaoUo ?U? ?եYuA ?Y??Y UAY ?n, ?UeiեO ?n i?Yc?YuYեnC գanICu?iեOCY, ?UeiեOCo ?CY N?YiaoU un?I?Y N?nUaon?ian ?C?IYեn, ?UYiեO ?n In?IC ??U?aonA, i?բ?iA, eiCYA, եe?on?I caonA, UեEY ao ??UiA, N?UեnC U?Ni?Y ??Y???Y գanICuYեnA? ?U? ?եYuC YեneC a?iեnA ? N?i?IA YեnIi?I ?n ?I?Y?ian N?UեnC ?nUaoYai ao NեYo ?U? a?i??eai ?E IaaiaoU ?n «?nU?Y ?եYu»: ???e?O? oao?? ?UI?E?I?UU??? UI???Գ?aoAUaoUA

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iaoACI a?a? EեeA (EanեY?oao ?eUaoI, aգCiեU CYaao un?եnA ?U?aեe ?CY Y?? IaaaoU Yn?Y) գiYiaoU ? EaoAC OanC N?n?i-?n?UiU?Y U?eaoU, O?e Eեe?Y ??naoY?IaoAUaoYY ?, e?NU?Y?ICo ? ui? ?UaoOC ?n?եEU?Y U?eCY? ?Ue EեeA Uai?ian?aեe N?i?e?n բ?nOnaoAUaoY aoYC Ai?Ie EեeYեnCY? Yn? eianaiYեnaoU ? E?YcեnaoU ?anaoU ?CY 70 գUaoO uaon? O?Eբ??Yեn, anaYo ??Cn?aեiY ?n eեUC? ?բn?NCUA? Գaonե??YoCYեnA? ?Ue եnIao ??CnեAYեnA, aoYեCY 10000 ?CYi?I aoA: Un?Yo InaY?aեiYեnA aoYեCY CnեYo eianCY InaY?aեiեnA: ԳUaoOեnA բ?A?Yi?I ?CY Aei IEեnC, anaYo գEE?ian InaY?aեiA? eեUC?A, ?UoեEaoU ?n N???E?IC: e?UբեnA, CU?UYեnA, ?եniC?YեnA U?eY?IoaoU ?CY A?OaoUYեnC, N?ne?YCuYեnC, EaoIaoU ?CY գUaoOեnC I?U IEC ?Y??UYեnC, ??CnեAYեnC UCc? եO?I բaEan iեe?IC iե?եnA, I?YEaoU UեIA UUaoeC N?Y?եa aoYեo?I A?Y?U?YuA, ?UaoeY?EaoIaoAUaoYA: ?Aե un?եnCo UեIA ao?aoU ?n Cn IYacCo ???iiեE, I?YaaoU ?n eեUC?CY, գեiYCo 3 u?n ?eYեEai? YեiaoU ? IYacA ? ?eaoU? ?UeaoNեi? CU UեnA ??eY?e, ? ?Ueaեe ?UaoeY?EaoIiaoU: on?եnA aaoYեCY գCn-գn?I?YaoAUaoY ? IaoEiaon?aեe a?????Yo Nեi?UY?o ?CY, բaEanY ?E? ?Yգn?գեi: aYaCY u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ գn?գեiYեn I?UCY ?UY un?եnC Uեc, anaYu I?EU?EYեn ?CY ? բY?IiaoU ?CY aեi?I?Y IեYinaYYեnC Uai: ?եneCUC un?եnA O?UC, U?ICA aaoYեCY, I?Y?Uu a??n? a?CY InaoU: ?UE ?OaA?iեOCYեn ?e aaoYեCY, ?e?iaiA, եnբ ?n?A I?գaoU ?n, եnեeYեnA ??nOYaoU ?n?CY OեeA ??aoU ? ?OaAaoU: ?YI?E?I?Y un?եnA AaonuեnեY aգCiեCY, CnեYu CnեYo UC a?n??Ii?I ??գ ?CY: InaY?I?Y AեuaoU aoYեCY, N?i?iaoU ?CY eaonբ e?nգeCY, anC IaUA a?NaoU եY 8 un, N?i?iaoU ?CY i?YuեnCY, anaYo N?U?naoU ?CY aoEi?iեOCYեn? Un?Yo գEE?ian aoEi?iեOCY ??iEanC eaonբ I?n?aեi i?YuY ?n, anA aoYեn u?N?Y?? ?UYiեO գiYiaoU ?n eaonբ U?eaoYu? aeIե?uI oaoo?U?i, ?a?Iao Uեc a?Ni?I: aauեaau aoEiC ?CY գYaoU, U?i?O ?YaoU: Un?Yu N?i?iaoU ? a??iaoU ?CY ? oեE?Ya?nCY ? ?Ceaoe onCeiaeCY, aaOae-aեinaeCY ? ?UE enբեnC, anaYo N?UեnA ?e a??iaoU ?CY: I?i?naoU unCeiaYե?I?Y Iեeեn, գC?եn?UCY iaY?EUբaoAUaoYYեn: ?n? eCYiaonCY (EaoUe U?naOYեnA), anA I? ?e N?UեnC Uեc: O?UգaoY oեOA iei?N?բ?n O?UCIaYU?Y iaNUC ??e?iCOYեnCo ?n, enբ??YanեY, AYiCn Iեna?eYեnC Uեc EanեY?oao «a?iUaoAU?Y» Oեe?գCnY ?CY a?NaoU, եnգaoU ?CY i?naYC a?iեn??UCo N?iiեIYեn? ?E?YoCu ?E?Y oեOC ??e?iCOYեnY ?CY, anaYo NUaonAYI?EեE ? ?ni??եe ?nu?Y? ?ni??եe ?YaoYA YiCn?I?Y ?CY AY?aoYaoU? en?Yo oեOC U?n?CI N?I?Yեn ?CY? եnI?n N?e?Iai, YCN?n, ?nIi?uCA, Na?ni Iեoi?Iuai, ?auA, NaYuA? e?, UanAA? uCa AaoE, u?c ? IinC?, ?eaOc, N?OA?Y??U: EUanC in? E?a ?CY u??aoU: Un?Yo eYaoY?Y ?n I?A, U?IaoY, UCe, UaoO, Oao: AեUCo, ??u?nCo գ?O???n aaoYեCY, i?u ??? a?CY գanI?IaoU, CnեYo NCi?Y?YեnC in? iեniեnA «U?nեI» ?n I?n?aoU:

???e?Oo?U??? AU???Uao? ???aU?I?U ??iIaoAUaoUU??A ?եneCUC un?եnC ?eN?e?n?I 90 iaIaeA բ?nOn?N?e?I ?CY, ?եUuեnA? AaoE, UanAեnA` oanեY?գaoUY, IaaCi I??Ui?Iuai? I?Y?Yo U??IA ?iեEC eaCi?I ?n, I??Ui?IuA? Yaonբ, ?aun CYa YCN?n, aeIanYեnA ??nգ?o?I, ?CU?գIեnA ?ni?N?UiCa ? N?U?InեEC, ?auեnA Ea?an, e? ao N?UI?I?Y, Y?Ui?IuYեnA EեE?oC ao բ?nC, UC?YaoUY A?U?Y?I ??A?Y, ?nAaoYuYեnA I?nUCn, U??եnA եnI?n ao ECi, InIuեnA UեI, ACIaoYuYեnA E?UY, OեeuեnA UեI, ?eY?I?Y, ??i??CnYեnC YI?iU?Uբ Nե??բ?na, NUaon?eեn: A?Y?Uao ?եU` N?Y?aoգY, ii?YգC ?եauaoU` UC?eY?I?Y, ?YNaO?aO? I?UuC iեn, iI?nYեnCY, aaoY?anYեnCY uգYaO, Naգ?i?n, I?nեIoaoU եY A?i?eCY, Iեn?InaoU u?Oo?ICY: A?Y?UCY, եAե ?OcaoU ? Cn ?n?nuC N?U?n, YեnaoU եY, a?Oc?Eao ?եauaoU` inեAEY?Cn եY: OC ICY I?naO ? i?UnIեY?aեe բaEan ?եneCUoCYեnCY ?եYuC IaaեE I?U ?CY?A?? ?YեE: I?Y?Uu IeCiYեnaoU NեnaeYեn եY? ?CY?UAեnu, UAեnu U?i?I?n?naO, ?եYuA OեeuCY IeiaO: ?e 1915-1923 AA. ?anեE եU ?եneCUC ?YI?E Uaoeai?Y ??CnեAC Uեc, ?UբaOcaoAU?Uբ I?YaA եU Yn?Yo i?nu ao բ?nuCY, ?ncեE եU բaEan ??CnեAYեnA: OCn?uU?YYեnA CnեYo u?c?գanIaoAU?Uբ Y??Y?ian ?Cnu եY գn?iaoU EեeY?UCY ?YI?E un?եnC Uեc: Un?Yu ?anaoU եY Գ?E?Y ? ?a?e?Y ??CnեAYեnC Uեc, Yn?Yu ?CYU?E U?Y եY գ?ECe o?YI?o?I i?UnեnaoU, YaoUYCeI I?e?i?n?I?Y ?nc?YYեnaoU? ?Aե an?? բY?ICa I?U Aaonu a??iaYU? CU?Y? OCn?uoCYեn եY, Yn?Yo a?N?YcA CeIaoUY II?i?nC, an?? UեIA Yn?Yo ?nգեEu aC I?naO N?Y?Ce?Y?E, anaiNեi? Yn?Yo u?c?գanIaoAUaoYYեnCY I?YaA եY, CeI եAե Yn?YoCo UեIA Oեnբ?I?EiC I?U ea?YiC, UեIC iեOA 10-Co ?iեEC Iea?YiեY: OCn?uU?YYեnA բaEan IaOUեnai գեn???YoaoU ?CY CnեYo ?n?oC un?եnCY. Aե u?c?գanIaoAU?Uբ, Aե EC??EaoAU?Uբ, ?CY?i?nAaoAU?Uբ, Aե NUaon?eCnaoAU?Uբ, Aե ?YIեOIaoAU?Uբ, Aե բ?naU?I?YaoAU?Uբ, Aե Y??Y?eaoAU?Uբ ao OC?i?nAaoAU?Uբ: Un?Yu YaoUY IեYo?OY aoYեCY, CYa un?եnA: ?Y?I?iեOCYեnA ?CYi?I ?CY e??U?I?Y ?Cnu aoYեoaO EեeYեnC E?YcCY: Un?Yo N?գaoeiA բn?Co I?U eaCi?I Ii?iCo ?n, N?գYaoU ?CY ai??an ? ??aCI, U??Co գanIi?I ICe?AեA? ??բaI (բ??IaY), գEECY ?YaoU ?CY en?I?Un uaEa?? ?aoncA ?ao?C ??A?Ai?I, aiuեnCY inեEYեn ?n, IaonIuA ? A?եnA բ?o ?CY, U??ai: I?Y?Uu N?գYaoU ?CY aACo ai??an, Ii?iե ??aCI, uAեnCY E?U?, գEECY A?e?I? in?Y ??A?Ai?I գaoUY?գaoUY aCA, ??I?iCY ao i?CY ??ni?I ?CY ??Y???Y ?n?UYեn ? NaoEaoYuYեn, aiuեnCY` inեEYեn: ?Yaaեe Y?iեo, un?եnC NCUY?I?Y ?բ?OUaoYuA ?Y?eY?a?NaoAUaoYY ?n: Un?Yo NaiCiYեnA? i?eYU?I ?Yեnai, ?e?iaiCo NaiA i?YaoU ?CY ?Yi?eYեnA ? եnեIaU?Y iեn???eYaoU, ?Y?eaoYYեnCY eiaoգaoU ?CY ?Yi?e?a?i EեeYեnaoU, I?OI?iեi OanեnaoU, NaiCiYեnaoU, Yn?Yu CnեYo UAեnuA ?aE?Y?IaoU ?CY ?neCo եI?I N?UեnC Nեi, aAC, Ii?iC I?U ?UE CnեnC Nեi:

???e?Oo?U??? ???e?U?oA ?եneCUC un?եnA Y??Y?nեuC ? N?ne?YCuC N?U?n UեI I?Eeեn ?CY I?i?naoU, Yn?Yo N?ne?YCuA i?aoU ?n 8 un: OC?E?Oեn ?CY I??U?IեnaaoU, բ?A?YiեEai 2 EUբC, cnCA ?CY E?OaoU, ??Uiե OaOեnai Cn?n ?CY E?aoU: ?NaE, ?aoeY?UC Yi?գC i?I, Y??Y?eaoAUaoY ?CY I??U?IեnaaoU, ??Y???Y I?i?IեnգaoAUaoYYեnai ? ?UE O?եnai aon?E?YaoU, a?naoU, OC?o?iIaoUYեn I?i?naoU? Un?Yu aa UC EUCauCo գ?O???n aaoYեCY ? a?CY գanI?IaoU: OեI u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ ?Y?eaoYYեn ?CY UanAaoU NUaonեnCY NUaon?eCnեEao N?U?n, N?ne?Yu?ianYեnCY Iեn?InaoU ?CY E??E?U? ? e?? O?iaonU?Uai: ??ne?Yu?ianYեnCY, գY?Eao A?U?Y?I Aei ?nA?Y?iaoUY YiեnYեnai ?CY ??U?ao ?YaoU: ?եneCUoCYեnC ?UaoeYaoAU?Y i?nCuA 12-16 i?nեI?Y N?e?IY ?n, aU?Yu ?aun ?UaoeY?oYեEai եnեE?YեnCY ?Aբ?EiaoAU?Y Uեc ?CY OգaoU? Un?Yo IեYeaoY?IaoAUaoYA a??ia?YեEao aoOOaoAU?Uբ, ?U? ?aun N?e?I?ianYեnA Cn?n Nեi ?anaoU ?CY unac ? եOբan aեe, UCYa? N?eaoY?oaoUA: Un?Yu բAC?IYեn I?U NեuCUYեn aaoYեCY, a?e?i?I?Y ?եOեn ?CY գanI?IaoU, anC a?i??eai ??iեnA U?Ni?Y ?CY ??i?a?niiaoU? Un?Yo Uai eaianaoAUaoY I?n. ?UեY i?nC U?ni ?UeCY, եnբ բ?nCY գUaoO ? UiYaoU, եn?IYեnCo ?nUaoY ?CY բ?o AaOYaoU: ԳUaoOC բY?ICaYեnA NեnAai ??niaoU ?CY NaeaO cnC I?U ?eiC ե?եnuCY, NեnA?I?YaoAU?Uբ A?A i?ECe, եn?ICY Y?i?nai E?aoU, ? ?nUaoYA գYaoU ?n ?UYu?Y A?U?Y?I UCYa? ?nUaoYA a?n ?aEiaoU I?nUCn գaoUYC? ??iեnA ao??A?? ?CY ECYaoU ? U?N?YaoU: ?nUaoYA ????nեEaoo Nեia EUaoU ?CY UեI u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ N?E?I UaoO:

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?եneCUoCYեnA N?Oan??IoaoAU?Y N?U?n aaoYեY I?aC UCcaoYեn, Nեe?Eae, eaonN?Y??I I?U Nեe?գn?I?Y ?UE UCcaoYեn: ECYaoU ?n, an UC ??CnեA «oեO» Cn YեnuCY i?n?IuaoU NaoUA N?Oan?aoU aoYեn i?Eao Cn բ?nեI?UYեnCY I?U I?YaAYեnCY, N?ne?YCuC Nn?iCnU?Y I?U U?Ni?Y, I?U IeiC? ?CYianYեnCY ?i?a N?i?uեEao N?U?n: ԳUaoOեnA Cn?n Uai ?CY, ?U? a?i??eai I?YգYaoU ?CY i?YCuYեnC in? O?UY?IoaoU UC գUaoOA UUaoeCY, I?U UC ??CnեAA UUaoe ??CnեACY, ?UeaCeai բaEan ?CYi?I aoAեnA I?n? A?U?Y?IaoU YեnI?U?YaoU ?CY oեO?aեiCY? Yn? Nn?U?YA I?i?nեEao, CeI եAե UC u?YC ??CnեAYեn aCiC UC?Y?UCY oեO?aեiYեnai EanNn??IoեEao? ii?Yգ ea?eY?oaO ?nN?iCnuYեnC ?e?cY ?eYեEao I?U ueU?YU?Y I?e?i?naoAU?Y ?եU IeCi UOեEao, e?NU?YCo-e?NU?Y O?UY?IoեEai, բaEan ??CnեAYեnC ?CYi?I aoAեnA UC u?YC A?Ui? AYA?ouaoU N?i?uiaoU ?CY Y??Y?Ii?I i?UnA ? EanNn??IoaoU CnեYo ?YեECuYեnC U?eCY? ?Aե EaeuA iեn?բեnaoU ? IeiC I?U N?nO?IU?Y, Uaon?u?YaUaon ??CnեA Cn ?CYi?I aoAY ?n in?U??naoU, anC OեI?i?nA N?Y?Ce?YaoU ?n Cn oեO?aեiA: Un?Yo EanNn??IoaoAUaoYYեnA I?U ana?aoUYեnA բ?Y?ian բYaoUA ?CY InaoU, u?YC an բaEanY ?E ?Yգn?գեiYեn ?CY: ???e?O? o????? AU????aoOU??A ueO?UU?U I?e?i??aoAU?U ??i

?եneCUC uaon? AaOaiaon?A ???i?eեn AaOaiaon? ?n, ao?aoU ?n ???i ?anեE ?U? EեeY??E?nNaoU: I?Yn ?nI?YuYեnC a?i??eai ?U? un?եnA ??EեE ? ?a?ei?YեE եY EեeY?UCY ?Y?eCI i?UnեnaoU: ?nեYo գaUaoAUaoYA ?U?iեO ?CY a??ia?YեE, e?I?UY, N???E?IC Cn?n N?can?aO Aaonu eaoEA?YYեnC IaOUCo UC?i ?E N?nO?IU?Y ?CY եYA?nIiեE: ?գ?Eai Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?Y ??iեnY ao Ean?U?YIaoAUaoYYեnA? Yn?Yu I?naO?oեE ?CY ?CU??nեE ? UY?oեE եY ?YI?E: 1828 A. C iեn ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YA ?YCaեnCYեnC iCn?aեiaoAUaoYY aoYեn, I?i?nU?E ?YC?E?YaoAUaoY ?n iCnaoU, eaoEA?YC AaoUEiiaoAU?Uբ: eaoe?ei?YA a?iեn??U N?Ui?n?nեo AaonuC?UC E?ECy eaoEA?Y O?NUao? A?գ?ianCY ?, a?niaoAU?Y եYA?nIեEai, c?n? ao ??aon ?nեo Yn? aoAA: ?aoY?ei?YA ?YI?E N?Ui?n?niեo: eaoEA?Y O?NUao?A ?գ?Eai Cn AaoUE IaOUA, an Cn Na?i?IaoAU?Y i?I գiYiaO ?aun ??գեnA ?e I?naO եY ?aoY?ei?YC unCY?ICY Nեi?եE ? eaoEA?Y?I?Y գ?NA ii?YգC եYA?nIեE, Nn?a?n?Iեo Nnai?ni?I, anai Nn?U?UiaoU ?n Cn Na?i?IaoAU?Y i?I եO?I unCeiaYU? ??գեnCY IaianեE ao InaY??aE ?YեE? 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CYa a?i??eYեnCo եEYեEai, Nn?U?YA ?aEiaoU ? «բ?nեգanIaoAU?Y»: ?n?U?Y ? ?nO?IiaoU բ?nե?aEեE եnInC I?oaoAUaoYA, Yan-unեYuYեn? «UC??U» N?ei?iեE եnInC Na?i?I unCeiaYU? ??գեnC YI?iU?Uբ, iեn?oYեE ?եUEեnC, UaEE?YեnC Cn?i?eaoAU?Y i?I եO?I InaY?I?Y NCUaoYuYեnai գanIaO unեYe?naoAUaoYA: ?U? բ?nեգanIaoAUaoYYեnA Cn?I?Y?oYեEao N?U?n ?e?YOY?oYaoU ? եnIao I?n?an գanIaO բ?Y?I? UեIA aaECeC, I?Ueեn?I?Y Y?N?YգYեnA aoO?aniեEao ?n e??C? ????UC Nn?U?Y??naoAU?Uբ: ?UY ?եneCUC in?Uai aեiu ? ?YoYեn ? ?եneCUC un?եnCY Na?i?IեoYեn: OUaoe I?Ueեn?I?Y բ?Y?IA? UC ACIY?a?NC OեI?i?naoAU?Uբ aեiu ? e? IaiCo ?YoYեn eեբ?eiC?, ?n?բICn ? ?UE aoOOaoAU?Uբ? YեnuCY ?aei?UբaoAUaoYYեnC ii?YգA I?YEեEao: oaon? ??N ?UaoeCY բեIA Cn C?E?YaoAU?Uբ ? N?neiaoAU?Uբ Eao?C??YC, Aեn??YC Na?i?I un?եnC iեnY ao C?E?YY ?n, YI?iեEai Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?Y Ean?U?YIaoAUaoYYեnA ? ?եneCUC un?եnC in? I?Ei?I ii?YգA, I??U?Iեnaեo ?եneCUC uaon? ?aei?UբaoAUaoY? Yn?Yo UC?oYեEai Cn ?CYi?I aoAեnA: Un?Yu N?U?nO?I Iեnaai N?Y?եe եI?Y Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IC ?եU, I?i?OC U?niեnA i?եoCY UեI ?UCe: ueU?YU?Y բ?Y?IC Nn?U?Y?i?nA? e??C? ????Y YI?iեEai Cn բ?Y?IC ?Y?anaoAUaoYA, eiCai?I եO?i UեI IanaoeiYեnai AaOYեE ?եneCUA? UC aonC? ?eCAai Yi??եEao N?U?n: ?եneCUoCYեnA եnբեu a?CY ?IYI?EaoU Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?Y IaOUCo ?U?aCeC UեI բ?Y?IC N?nO?IiեEA: on?եnA en?Yo CYuY?գCi?IoaoAU?Y գ?Eai? գao??IեoCY ?a?գ? N?nO?IU?Y ii?YգA: eIeեoCY iեn?I??U?ianեE CnեYo aoAեnA: ?Yo?Y i?nCYեn, e?I?UY I?e?i?naoAU?Y Ya?i?IA UY?o YaoUYA? ?եneCUA Na?i?IեoYեEao EY?CnA: 1855-1856 AA. eaoe?ei?YC ? ueU?YU?Y I?e?i?naoAU?Y UCc? ??nOU?E a?iեn??U N?Ui?n?niեo: o?YC an Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IA ?եneCUC in?Uai aեiC ?YoYեn ?n?YI?, ?n?naoU, Cn aoAեnA ?e?cCY ?Yգ?U ?anOեo ?UYiեO? ?Y?IYI?E Iեnaai a???nեo ?եneCUA, eIeեo eUբ?IaIեE ?Yi?eYեnA, գUaoOեnA, CeI ?եneCUoCYեnA Y?Eanau CnեYo aoYեoi?Iuai ?Un?oեE ?CY EaoAC ? iaoACI a?a?UC EեeYեnaoU: Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IA I?naO?o?i UC?UY ?iեnեE eianaiYեnaoU եO?I գUaoOեnA ? Nn?եNեE ?Yi?eYեnA, բ?Uo iեncY?I?Y?aեe aI?naO?o?i AYI?եE uaon? AaOain?C I?UuA ao Nեi ??nO?i UեI IanaoeiYեnai: oCn ao o?Y եO?I բ?Y?IA N?i?uiեo ao ??nAiեo ?եaC ?n?naoU: ?եneCUC uaon? AaOaiaon?A inCA?eaoAU?Uբ Eoi?I ?e eIeեo Cn ?aei?UբaoAUaoYA? ?iեnեEai, A?E?YեEai Uai?I? գ?i?eYեnA, գUaoOեnA? Oai?I? ??Y?a?nNYեnCo aa UC u?n?i?Y I?U ??Y?a?nNan? ao ?CYian a?n I?naO ?YoYեE: ?nբ eaoe-Aaonu?I?Y I?e?i?naoAU?Y UCc? N??iaoAUaoY IYuiեo, Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IA Nեi u??iեo ao InICY ?Yգ?U Eoiեo ?եneCUA Yi??եEao UaEaoouai, e?I?UY ea?eaoU ?n N?nU?n A?U?Y?IC: Aaonu I?e?i?naoAUaoYA ??N ?UaoeCY բեIC Nեi բ?Y?IoaoAU?Y Uեc Ui?i, anA Na?i?I un?եnC a?n?գEaoEY ?n: U? UCcYan? aեiu ? ??eY?n? ?եneCUoCYեnCY Cn IaOUA NY???Y?եoYեEao N?U?n: ?եneCUC oեO?aեiYեnC Nեi ???CYu IYuեEao Ean?U?YIaoAU?Uբ, AaonuեnA Y?E?a?in?eiiaoU ?CY N?nO?IU?Y: 1877 A. ?e eIeեo eaoe-Aaonu?I?Y a?iեn??U ? ueU?YU?Y I?e?i?naoAUaoYA anaեe Na?i?IaoAUaoY, a?N?Ycեo Yn?YoCo N?nI ? ?anu: ??N ?UaoeCY բեIA, an Ya?i?I aaoYեn N?nI ? ?anu i?Eao ?e?Yo ?եneCUC oեO?aեiYեnC Nեi N?U?O?UYaoAU?Y գ?Eao, Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?YA ?e?c?nIեo Nեi?U?E a?UU?YA, ?UY ?, Aե UեYu N?nI aեYu I?naO i?E, CeI ?anu Ii?Yu Nեi?U?E a?UU?Yai. Uեn ii?I ?anuA aեiu ? ECYC CU Nn?U?Y?i?naoAU?Y Yեnua, aa UC Aaonu Nn?U?Y?i?n aaեiu ? Uեn գanICY UCc?UiC: ueU?YU?Y I?e?i?naoAUaoYA aa I?naO?o?i AY?aoYեE a?UU?YA, aa ?E UեnAեo, anaiNեi? Cn??naoAUaoYA E?ni?I ?n, aoA ?n N?nI?ian eaoe?I?Y բ?Y?IC ?եU IeiեEao N?U?n: ? iեnca eaoEA?YA AY?aoYեo a?UU?YA, e?I?UY ?եneCUC ?aei?Uբ un?եnC oեO?aեiեnA UեnAեoCY ??N ?UaoeCY բեIC IaOUCo Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?Y Nեi IYui?I a?UU?YA? N?Ui?n?nեEai, Aե UեYu aa N?nI Ii?Yu, aa ?CYian: ??N ?UaoeCY բեIC NեOCY?IaoAUaoYA ?եneCUC uaon? AaOain?C Uեc AYI?i: ??N ?UaoeCY բեIA iեeYեEai, an ?եneCUC un?եnA UեnAեoCY CnեY, ?e?YOCY UY?o, eiCaiեo?i Eao?C??YC Cn Na?i?IaoAU?Y i?I գiYiaOYեnCo 10000 NaգC ?CYian N?i?uեE ? գY?E ?n?naoU u?O?uC a??ia?YaoAU?YA: ueU?YU?Y I?e?i?naoAUaoYA ?եneCUC aoAեnA a?e?Iii?I N?U?nեEai? N?nU?n A?U?Y?I N?U?nեo Yi??եEao ?եneCUA: ueU?YoCYեnC 4-n? բ?Y?IA a???nեo ?UբaOc ?եneCUC EեeY??OA?Y: ?եneCUoCYեnA Y?Eanau գCi?IoեEai Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?Y N?nO?IU?Y aE?YA? e??U?I?Y ?Cnu aaoYեoaO գUaoOեnC ?UբaOc բY?IaaoAU?YA, Yn?Yo ??nA?I?Y գaoUuA, ?Y?eaoYYեnA, ?aE??nեoCY iaoACI a?a?UC ao EaoAC բ?nOnaoYuYեnA: I?Ueեn?I?Y ?anuեnA iaoACIC eianaiC ?YբY?I գUaoOեnA eUբ?IaIեoCY ? Nn?եNեoCY, e?I?UY Eեe?Y գ?գ?AA Yi??եE aI?naO?o?Y ? eaeI?EC c?n? InեoCY, CeI IեY??YC UY?o?I ?CYianYեnA Eao??a?N?n ??EaoeiC ?CUեoCY: eiCai?I ?CY?????n N?Ui?n?niեo: ?U? IeCiA i?եo 40 un ao գC?եn, IeiaoU Nեnae?I?Y գanI I?i?nեoCY N?U OCn?uU?YYեnA? CnեYo u?c ICnaUC գEE?ianaoAU?Uբ: OCn?uU?YYեnA, եnբ UiYaoU ?CY IeiC ???i, ?UբaOc ?եneCUoC un?եnA Yn?Yo eEn?գanIaoAUaoYYեnCo Ianai, aoA ao A?? ?CY ei?YaoU: on?եnA ?UYaCeC UC եnգ ?CY NanCYեE.

AnեnYCe ??nIեYu A?UeCY, a?ieiե գEEե-գEaoE, ??U???nI iiեu, IeCi ? ao i?ea?C IaoE, ao՞n եe ??EaaoU ueU?Y ????? eniC? Uեc եnIUaoO, ?եU? U?niYaaOYեnA OCn?uU?YYեnY եY u?c: ?U? OCn?uU?YYեnCo ?UAU I?Y IaY?C A?O?U?eaoU, anaYo IYaOYեnY ?CY OCn?uU?Y OCnaY, O?YaoIA, aaOaeA, anY ?UAU aI?: ?U? N?OAaoAUaoYCo 5 un ?Yo, AaonuեnA` CnեYo aoAեnA iեn?N?i?uեEai, ??nOU?E ?Yo?Y N?nO?IU?Y iaoACI a?a?UC, EaoAC ? ?ե?CIC in?: Ua?i?I aoYեYCY գn?iեE ?եneCUC EեeY??OA?Y? a???nեEai, eai?U?N ?YեE ?aei?UբYեnCY: e?I?UY ?եneCUoCYեnA, anaYu ?Un?o?I ?CY iaoACIC, EaoAC բ?nOn?բեnO գ?գ?AYեnaoU, CnեYo Nեi i?nեE ?CY ?UբaOc eYY??UAեnuA, e??U?UAեnuA ? ?Y?eaoYYեnA, ?ni?uCY N?n?բեnaoAU?Y I?nCu aaoYեCY: ?U? IeCiA i?եo 15 un: iեncCY N?nO?IU?Y A?U?YI Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IA գn?iեo ?ե?CIA, anA ?iեEC o?In??Cn ?n ?Cnuai: Aaonu Nn?U?Y?i?nC IaOUCo Nn?U?Y iniեo, գn?i?I i?UnեnaoU aEY?UեE U?Un ? U?YaoI ? un?եnCY A?UeեnCo i?n YեiեE I?U enC ?YoI?oYեE? ?U?aեe ?E ?nեoCY: Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IA N?caOaoAUaoYCo aգ?ani?I` o?YI?YaoU ?n ?e?c?Y?E, iaoACI ? EaoAC EեeY?YouA գn?iեE, e?I?UY ?եe ??iEanC i?Yu aN?e?I, ??Y?a?nNCY ECei ?CU??naoAU?Y N?Y?Caեo? OCn?uU?YYեnA, ?E?YoC, ?a?e?YoC, ԳaoE?oC, ?եi?noC, Ea?ao??oC, ?բO?YoC ??CnեAYեnC Nեi UC?o?I AaoUE aiiեoCY, an Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IA Uaoiu գanIեn ??iEanC i?Yu? ueU?YoCYեnA CnեYo բ?Y?IA iեO??nեoCY OYOan գեiC ?c ??CY? բ?nOaoYuC in?: ?Ue iC??Iai ?UYiեO UY?oCY 4 un: U?i?I ??CnեAYեnA CnեYo aoAեnA ??e?ianեoCY, ?Un?onCY iaoACIA ? EaoAC i?n?Y ? i?YuC iեn?Co N?nO?IiեoCY Aaonu բ?Y?IC in?: ?եneCUoCYեnA OanC Uեc գiYiեEai? ?iեEC N?nU?n N?U?nեoCY ?YoYեE OYOan գեiC O?E ??A ? ?Yi?e?a?i Eեe?Y in? ?Cnu գn?iեE? Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IA I?nIեEai, an ?եneCUoC un?եnA ??EaaoU եY, UեI ?OUaoIai Cc?Y OanA, e?I?UY OYOan գեiC O?E ??Co OCn?uU?YYեnA ?Y?IYI?E N?nO?IiեoCY Aaonu բ?Y?IC in?, UեI c?n? iiCY Yn?Yo: ????n?aեiA? Aaonu?I?Y ?na??IA OեeuCY, UC Iեna I?naO?o?i ?YoYեE OYOan գեiA, բ?Uo գեnC բeYiեo ?եneCUoCYեnC IaOUCo: ?եneCUoCYեnA eiCaեoCY N???n?aեiCY AuեE ?na??IC in?, e?I?UY Y? Nn?A?niեo, un?եnA Yn?Y ?a?e?ACo o?I գEanեoCY: ueU?YoCYեnA CnեYo ?YI?naOaoAUaoYA ?գ?Eai? Nեi u??iեoCY, u?YC an բ?Y?IA I??U?EaoIiեE, ??nuCo ?aone ?n եIեE, UC U?eY ?E, IECU?UCY ?Yeaian ECYեEao Nեi??Yuai, NCi?Y??oեE ?CY: Anu?I?Y բ?Y?IA բ?nOn?գaoUY Nn?U?Y?i?naoAUaoYCo Nn?U?Y ei?Y?Eai Nեi u??iեo? iեOCu ai?Eao Yan ?nUaoY?NեOaoAU?Y? Aaonu ????Y I?eI?IaoU ?n un?եnC գC?եn?UCY N?nO?IaoUA, un?եnCY UaEanեoYեEao N?U?n Nn?U?Uեo 400-500 iեO E?naoUIYեn i?eեE ?UY Ean?U?YIaoAU?Uբ, anaեe?C un?եnA I?nIեY, Aե CnեYu UեI?u?Y?I եY? on?եnA` Yn?Yo Ean?U?YIaoAUaoYA YI?iեEai, ?UբaOc ?Yi?eA Nn?եNեoCY, Aaonu ????Y Naoe?N?iaoAUaoYCo UY?o?I ?CYianYեnai ??E?i Ea??A OaoA?e?nCyC u?O?uA ? ?UE?e Nեi aiեn???nO?i: Aaonu ????Y, ?ե?CI a?a? (eaonբ e?nգCe) EեeA գn?iեEaoo, Nեe?գn?I ?n eaoEA?Y ??UC?CY, an ?UբaOcaoAU?Uբ գn?iեoCYu ?եneCUA, Yn?Yo Na?i?IaoAUaoYA AY?aoYi?I ?: eaoEA?Y ??UC?A ?եneCUC Na?i?IaoAUaoYA Ea??A Y?N?Yգ N?Ui?n?nեo: ?եneCUoCYեnA ?գ?Eai ?n? ii?Yգ?ianaoAUaoYA, CnեYo aoAեnA iեn???e?ianեEai, ?e?YOCY-?e?YOCY EUբեnC բ?A?YեEai (EUբեnCY UC?o?Y Y?? uaon? Na?i?IYեnA) eIeեoCY ?n??iեE Y?N?YգC in?? Ea??A, E?CEuCECe?, OեIIեni, o?E, oեnC, ?եn??I u?O?uYեnC ? գUaoOեnC in?? A?E?YեEai, ea?YեEai Aaonu a??iaYU?YեnCY, ?iեnեEai ?an?YaoYեnA, aeiCI?YaoAUaoYA, ?i?n iեnoYեEai ?եYuեnA, ?CY?UAեnuA: Aaonu I?e?i?naoAUaoYA ?YAY?aoY?I եO?i uaon? ?aei?UբYեnCY ?Y?եEao: eaoEA?YA ?գ?o Cn ?Y?anaoAUaoYA, eiCai?I եO?i ?եneCUC Ea??A Y?N?YգA aեOU?E N?Ui?n?nեE: Ea??A, OեIIեni, E?CEuCECe?, oեnCY iniեoCY E?nբեn?C Y?N?YգC եYA?I?UaoAU?YA, CeI ?n?CYa?Y, Eao?Cc?YA, Aեnc?YA UC?oiեo ?n?naoUC Y?N?YգCY: ?եneCUC EեeY?UCY U?eA UY?o ?YI?E: eaoEA?YA iեnc?aեe N?eI?o?i, an aoAC UCcaoai ?եneCUA aC I?nեEC iեnoYեE, Na?i?I?oYեE: ?CUեo Ean?U?YIaoAU?Y. I??Uեo եYCaեnCYեnC բ?Y?I: Un?Yo a?iiCn?IYեnCY ?e?UE EaeiaoUYեn i?Eai? aoO?nIեo ?եneCUC oեO?aեiYեnC Uai, N?Ua?եEao` ?u?Y??YYեn, iCiOaeYեn, a??iaYYեn i?Eao EaeiaoUai, ?e?c?nIեEai Yn?Yo Na?i?IaoAUaoYA eaoEA?YCY, e?I?UY oեO?aեiեnA NCUYaiCY UեnAեoCY: ?UeaCeai ?եneCUC ?YI?EaoAUaoYA UY?o UCYa? 1915 A.:

1916 A. o????? ?aei?O?aoAUaoUA ?եneCUC un?եnA uգiiեEai eaoe?I?Y բ?Y?IC IaOUCo ?n?naoU, O?U?E?AaoY, ?n?CYc?, o??CYC u?O?uYեnC ? գUaoOեnC գn?iaoUCo? CnեYo aoAեnA N?U?EUբեoCY ? N?nO?IU?Y ?Yo?Y Y?N?YգC ??Y???Y u?O?uYեnC ao գUaoOեnC in?: ?եneCUC Uaoeai?Y iCU?Y?Y, ?եUi?n?Y, ?nեYoC, Oa?YoC, eaon?YoC, ???YoC ??CnեAYեnA N?n?i-?n?եEU?Y IaOUCo N?nO?IU?Y ?Yo?Y ao գn?iեoCY I?e?i?n?I?Y IեYinaYA, OեIIեni, E?CEuCECe?, oեnC բեn??I, ??????I, OaoeE?YiC, AUaoiao? ? Yn?Yo եYA?I? գUaoOեnA, CeI N?n?i-?n?UiU?Y IaOUCo EiO?Y, ?a?e?Y, Գ?E?Y, Ea?ao??OC, ?եE N?e?Y ao ?UE ??CnեAYեn N?nO?IU?Y ?Yo?Y ao գn?iեoCY Ea??A, aUե?uեIեu, ui??UaoO I?e?i?n?I?Y IեYinaYYեnA ao Yn?Yo եYA?I? գUaoOեnA: Anu?I?Y a??iaYU?YեnA ? a?nO?Y??OC բեIեnA CnեYo AYi?YCuYեnai ??EaoeiC ?CUեoCY? aoYեoi?IuC UեI U?eA AaOYեEai: ?U? ?aei?UբaoAU?YA U?eY?IoaoU ?CY ??i ?CYi?I N?Uեn? O?eY?IoaoU ?CYu Y?? եe, uեeCe? ??IaբA, O?niCnaeA, ??IaբA, canեa?Y O?YaoIA` Cn եnեu iO?Yեnai, U?Eբ?Y? iCգn?YA, anA Nեi?գ?UaoU ??E?iaoU ?n ?n??YC IE?EaiC գanI?n?YaoU ? UC u?YC i?nC ?e?c i?E??Yiեo, O?A?ae ԳnCգanU?YA, anA ??U?ei?YC ??OE-C Y?E?գ?NY ?n, ?I??եUCI E?aY ??naoAUaoYU?YA, i?E??Yiեo OaeIi?UaoU, anC եOբ?UnA` en?aCaYA, ??E?iaoU ? 447 գanI?n?YaoU anaեe E?e?i ? ??i aonC?Yեn: ??U ?CYi?I ??Eei?I?YYեnCo Uaoeai?Y ??CnեAaoU I?UCY 150 NaգC, բ?oC ?U? UUaoe ??CnեAYեnaoU գiYiaO N?UեnA ?e U?eY?IoեoCY ?U? ?aei?UբaoAU?YA: Oեn ?e?cCY N?nO?IaoUA I?i?niեo OեIIեniC in?, գUaoO?u?O?uA a??ia?YiaoU ?n 1000 aեnuե? ?CYianYեnai: I?e?i?n?I?Y a??iaYU?YեnA CnեYo AYi?YCuYեnai iեO??aEiեE ?CY I?e?i?n?I?Y ?եYuA, CeI aեnuե? ?CYianYեnA u?O?uC ?nc?I?UuaoU ?CY: ??nO?IaoUCo, NUaoeCe-?n?եEU?Y EեeY?UCY U?eCo, aեnuե? ?CYianYեnA ?N?բեIi?I ??EaoeiC ?CUեoCY, ea?YiեoCY ?aonc 100 ?CYianYեn, CeI un?եnCo 40 NaգC: I?e?i?n?I?Y ?եYuaoU ?a?ei?Y?I a??iaYU?YեnA ? Yn?Yo AYi?YCuC ?Y??UYեnA ?e?Yo ?CU??naoAU?Y N?YOYiեoCY, un?եnA ? N?U եnCi?e?n?YեnA Nեi?aY?եoCY ??EaaO ?CYianYեnCY, ? ??U??O, E??i?Y, IaIiե?ե, Iaoe??Y, ?eU?UCE, a?e?een?aO, oեnC գUaoOեnY ao գUaoO?u?O?uYեnA U?unեoCY: 1916 A. ?եini?nC 20-CY, N?nO?IU?Y N?can? unA, Nեi?aY?aoUA ??naoY?Iiեo ? գn?iեo a?n??Y??OC iեnCY ? YեnuCY N?ieեuYեnA, iեnCY ? YեnuCY Eե?եnuYեnA, EeYCI, Uan-գUaoO, A?YI, eU?E, E?iեeCI, Eaauaoe?n, OեOnե, ????O?I, ?եn??I, Oեn?եUCI, aoeCI, i?eIեni, ACE գUaoOեnY ao գUaoO?u?O?uYեnA, UCYa? ??n?i գեiC ??եnA? ?e?Yo ?CU??naoAU?Y: ??i գUaoOեn, anaYu եYA?I? ?CY բեIեnCY` Nn?եNiեoCY, Y?EICYaoU N?UեnCo A?E?Yi?I գaoUuA ?aE??niեo ?եneCU: ?nբեUY a?i?NaoU ?n, an un?եnA ?i?nA Cn?n Uեc բ?A?YեEao AYA?ouaoU IeiaoU ?CY Cn?n Nեi, ea?YaoU ?n YaoUYCeI բ?nեI?UA բ?nեI?UCY: aեiu ? ?eեE, an N?nO?IaoUYեnA I??U?Iեnai?I a?n գYaoU: ??CnեAYեnA գanIaoU ?CY ?Yc?i-?Yc?i, OեI?i?naoAUaoYA UC?eY?I?Y a?n? IeCiA i?եo UCYa? eեaiեUբեn ?UCeA, un?եnC ?CYi?I aoAեnA Nեi iեn???nO?Y ao N?YգCei iեOեnA YeiեoCY, ?e?Yo Nեi?գ? Nեi??YuYեnA N??iC ?eYեEao: Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IA, Cn aoAեnA iեn?I??UեEai, I?naO ?n N?nO?IU?Y ?YoYեE ?եneCUC in?: aեiu ? ?eեE, an ?U? A?U?Y?I eaoe?I?Y բ?Y?IA գn?iեE ?n ?n?naoUA, ?n?CYc?Y, ?UբaOc Aեnc?YA, i?YA, Oao?A, oեU?EA, O?a?OcaonA, UUaoe IaOUCo ?եneCUC un?եnC ?aei?UբaoAUaoYA UեI E?eY???aAaoAU?Y Uեc ?n գoեE Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?ICY, AYIեE ?n Yn? NեOCY?IaoAU?YA, բ?naU?I?Y ?YIaoU ?anեE? ??Y?IA, an aեiu ? ?CU??nեn eaoe?I?Y բ?Y?ICY, ?e?cCYA ??nAiեo ?եneCUC in?? 36000 ?CYianai ? a???nեo ?UY եnեu IaOUai: ?a?i?I un?եnA ?e CnեYo aoYեoi?Iuai ?Yo?Y ?եneCUC ?YI?E i?n?IuA: Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IA aY?U?I a???nեo ?եneCUA, բ?Uo aI?naO?o?i Uaoiu գanIեE Yn? e?NU?YYեnA: ?եneCUC eianCY U?eaoU գiYiaO գUaoOեnA eUբ?IaIiեoCY, e?I?UY U?n?I?UCY ?aNեn aեO?Y: ?եneCUA եnեu ?UCe UY?o a???ni?I: Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IA ?Cnu?iani?I ?n N?n?i-?n?եEU?Y ? N?n?i-?n?UiU?Y IaOUեnC եnIao գեiեnC? OYOanC ao ??ncCIC ??եnaoU, CeI ?եneCUC un?եnA ?Cnu?iani?I ?CY գեiC N?I?e?I U?eaoU? Un?Yu oեnեIA aa UC In?Iao a?CY ?YaoU, գC?եnA ?YoYaoU ?CY գեiեnA, N?nO?IiaoU Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IC in?, ?i?n ?CY բեnaoU, ?եYu, ?CY?UAեnu ? ?UE a?nեY?UCY ?an?YuYեn? ?Ueaեe ??naoY?Iiեo եnեu ?UCe, un?եnC iC??IA ??nO?i ?Yi?YեEC, eIeiեo eaiA, i?n?Iiեo iCy NCi?Y?aoAUaoYA, un?I?Y UեeYaoU ?CY 30-Co ?iեEC U?n?CI, eYiaoU ?CY i?UnC բ?Yc?nեOեYai, ?e?Yo N?oC: ?U?aoN?Y?եoO Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IA aI?naO?o?i գn?iեE ?եneCUA: Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?Y Ui??naoAUaoYY ?n Na?i?IեoYեE uaon? AaOain?CY, Yn?Yo ?CYi?I aoAեnA UC?oYեE Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?ICY ? ?եU I?YգYեE eaoe?I?Y բ?Y?ICY: iեncCY unեnA Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IC IaOUCo a?iգ?U?ian aoO?nIiեo ?եneCUC ??CnեAYեnC oեO?aեiեnC Nեi N??iaoAUaoY IYuեEao: on?եnC IaOUCo U?eY?IoեoCY Uaoe?i?Y ??CnեACo oեO?aեi EեYaեn ?O?Y, iCU?Y?Y ??CnեACo uECU?Y ?O?Y, eaon?Y ??CnեACo AեUCn ?O?Y ? UC u?YC aonC? oեO?aեiեn: a?UU?Y?գnC բYaoUAA Nեi?U?EY ?n. ?եneCUoCYեnA aեiu ? CnեYo ?եYuեnA N?YOYեCY, ?anu i?UCY ? CnեYo Uai եO?I N?UեnCY N?YOYեCY? oեO?aեiեnA UեnAեoCY ?U? ?e?c?nIaoAUaoYYեnA ? N?Ui?n?nեoCY. «OեYu aa ?եYu, aa ?CYian, aa ?E N?U aoYեYu i?Eao»: ???iaoAUaoYA aIYuiեo: Aaonu?I?Y I?e?i?naoAUaoYA ?iեEC aoAեO?onեo eUբ?IaIaoAUaoYYեnA: OC u?YC un ?Yo, NaoUA Nn?U?YC N?U?O?UY, Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IA ?aE??niեo ?n?YI?? eaoe?I?Y բ?Y?IC ?եU IeiեEao: ??Y?IoaoAUaoYCo aane un ?Yo? ?e?iaiU?Y, ?U? բ?Y?IA ?UE?e գaUaoAUaoY aaoYեn, eaoe?I?Y բ?Y?IC ?եU IeiեEaoo` c?Ec?Eiեo: ??Y?IC UY?oan?YեnC UեI U?eA ??EaoeiC ?CUեo? ?եneCUC un?եnA ?CY?A??եoCY Yn?Yo, բeY?գn?iեoCY ?եYuեnA ? ?CY?UAեnuA: ?եneCUoCYեnA ? Yn?Yo Uեc գiYi?I N?UեnA CnեYo NaoUeA I?aaoU ?CY eaoe?I?Y բ?Y?IC N?OA?Y?IC Nեi, an ?aoiai Uaoiu ?n գanIեEao ?եneCU: eaoe?I?Y CYuY?ACeYեnA N???E?IC e?i?eYaoU ?CY ?եneCUC եnIY?I?U?naoU, N?U ? uaon? AaOaiaon?A aon?E?YaoU ?n, an ???iiեEao ? բeYaoAUaoYCo, ??eae aei?oiեo: oaon? գ?OA?I?YYեnA, anaYu Aaonu բ?Y?IC N?nO?IU?Y Nեi??Yuai ?aE??niեE ?CY ?եneCU, ?a?Nai ?գ?Eai, ?aE??niեoCY CnեYo NCY i?UnեnA? Un?Yo գUaoOեnA Nn?եNiեE, u?n ao u?Y? ?CY եOեE, բ?Uo Yn?Yu a?բ?OiեoCY ?CY?n?n?I?Y, i?n ao o?YuC ??E?i?YuYեnai: ?եneCUoCYեnA ana? A?U?Y?I N?YգCei ?anեoCY UCYa? 1921 A.: U?Eu?Y CU ?UaoeYaoAUaoYA, եe ?anaoU ?C oեO?aեi EYaեn ?O?UC i?YA, uեeCe? ??IaբA, ?Ai?nCY a?UU?YYեnCY a?CU?o?i, CYuY?ea?YaoAUaoY գanIեo? Cn AYi?YCuC I?Yn բեeA AaOYեEai CYO in?? Un? ICYA ?Y??U?EaoUI ??nO?i, aoYեn եnեu ?OcCI, UեI iO?: OեI ?OcCIA I?nUnaoICo U?N?o?i: ?e ?anaoU ?C ?e?YOCY, uեeaoe i?Y ICo գaUaoU, anC UC U?eaoU ?Y?eaoYYեn ?n I?ai?I? IYiեo ?e?cCY եnեE?e, anC ?YaoYY ?n E?aY, U?UnA եnեE?UCY EaO?oYaoU ?n ??Uiե AC?IC in?? iY?UCY գanI?IaoAU?Y CnեnCo բaEanaiCY ?aonI ?CYu, aoYեCYu UեI N?i EeCn ? UեI ??E?e? ?e? anaեe UC u?YC ?nNեeiC CYuYaoe, A???eaoU ?C գUaoOեnA, ??CnեAYեnA? ?anOեEai ?a?NaiեE CU ? uեeaoe AYi?YCuC ?Y??UYեnC eYaoY?A: OC un ?եUi?nեY ??CnեAC oեO?aեi Eiե ?ECե ?eCUA եI?i Uեn oեO?aեi ?O?UC iaoYA, EY?nեo CU oեO?aեiCY եnեu ?Ueai CYO ?aE??nեY CnեYo Uai? OCao A?Uբեn, iեnY???aCI, Ia?CIYեn ? ??U?ao?i?I?EYեn I?nեEao: ?e Nn?A?niեoC գY?E, u?YC an uեeaoe եnեE?YեnCY EY?UaO aI?n ao ?anaoeiC UCcao aaoYեCYu: Oեn oեO?aեiA` EYaեn ?O?Y, CYO iei?Nեonեo, an բaEan UCcaoYեnA IգanI??nC Yn?Yo IU?YuC, eYY?C բaEan a?UU?YYեnA eiեOIեEao ? Yn?Yo ?a?Nai ?n?YI? u?O?uA ?aE??nեEao N?U?n: ?U? A?U?Y?I ?եneCUC un?եnA CnեYo oեOեnC Uեc եO?I N?UեnCY ?aE??naoU ?CY ?n?CYc?? Uaon?u?YaUaon N?UC N?U?n Yiեn ?CY ei?YaoU եnեu aeIC: ?եUi?n?Y ??CnեA ?aE??niեEao I?a?IoaoAU?Uբ ?CUեoC uեeaoe IYacA` UaoO?բեnCY, Yn? N?U?O?UYaoAUaoYA iեnoYեEao: U? N?U?O?UYiեo: ?e ?aE??niեoC ?եUi?n?Y ??CnեA: ??E?iեoC ??Y???Y գUaoOեnaoU: on?եnC բ?nեNaգaoAUaoYA N?UեnC YI?iU?Uբ a?????Yo UեI ?n:

?O o?EaoeiA ???e?O?o` E?????? ?e ? եOբ?Une? a?nգ?A, eaianaoU ?CYu E?nբեn?C ??n?i uaEեcaoU, բ?Uo Nane բ?Y?I i?YեEao I?a?IoaoAU?Uբ, եe ?aE??niեoC OեIIեni Uեn գUaoO?u?O?uA, aniեO Uեn AYi?YCuY ?n: ?Oբ?Une UY?o E?nբեn? u?O?uaoU? Uեn բ?nեI?UC i?YA? Un?Y E?nբեn?oC N?U I?Y?Yo, IեnեnC ? եnեE?YեnC Nեi iեO?N?Y ?CY ?nեE? ?եn-?an i?YեEao: ?Oբane UC uaon? ?O? iեnonեE ?n Cn Uai? anaեe Yau?n ??E?iեoYեEao? ?? 1915 A. ?n? ?e ?U? U?eCY Eaon aaoYեC: ??UI?I?Y c?n?C ????naoUCo Nեia, եOբ?Une N?no ao ?anO ?YեEai CU U?eCY, iեOեI?oեE ?n, an եe գiYiaoU եU ?եneCUC un?եnC Uaoeai?Y ??CnեAaoU? OC un Y? N?YI?nI?IC N?UiYiեo CYO Uai? ?U? unA CU ?UեY?եnc?YCI unY ?n, գnI?E?eYiեoCYu, Uեn եnIaoeC In?I i?Yc?YuYեnA Cn?n a?iUեoCYu, NCY ?Yo?I unեnA NC?եoCYu: ?Oբ?Une CYO Uai iեo ?UCe UY?Eaoo Nեia iեn???nO?i E?nբեn? u?O?u ? o?YI?o?i CU iեO??aEaoUA E?nբեn?: o?YC an եe iCn?aեiaoU ?C UC u?YC ?nNեeiYեnC ? un?եnC ??i ??CnեAYեnC գanIեnA եe ?C I?i?naoU, CYO բ?o?nO?I AaoUE a?CY i?ECe ?եneCUCo Nեe?Y?Eao: ?e ? եOբ?Une a?UU?Y?ianiեoCYu anaYեE CU ??EaoeiC NY?n?ianaoAUaoYA? OեYu ana?եoCYu? եOբ?Une CYO Y?U?I գnC, an CYuA ??Eեa գY?Eao I?a?IoaoAU?Uբ o?YI?YaoU ? CYO Nեi iեncCY iեe?IoaoAUaoYY aoYեY?E: ?U եnեE?Y? E?aYA iեo ?Ue?I?Y ?n, Y? N???E?IC ao??A??iaoU ?n: OC un եe oեO?aեiCY ?e?oC, Aե եnեE?UCe iC??IA C՞Ya ? ECYեEao? E?Yaեn ?O?Y CYO ?e?o, an գեiC ?UY IaOUA e?UCa ?YaoYai UC i?inC? I?, եnեE?Y Uan Nեi aoO?nICn ?UYiեO, Y? I?aaoUi AեE II?aC բ??aoICY, AեECeU? I?YC, ao??A??aoAUaoYA Iiեn?Y?: ?U ao??IY ?E ?U? ?n, գCiեC, an եOբane Y?U?IA Uai unեne aեiu ? գ?: ECei OUեe ?n, UեI UեinCo ?iեE OUaoY I?n: O?Ua ?YaoYai UC un?C i?nOեoC, anC Nեi IYace ? եnեE?UCe aoO?nIեoC գեiC UUaoe ??A? 40 IU. Nեe?ianaoAU?Y in? գiYiaO i?inC?C iaoYA: ?CYգ un ?Yo եOբane Y?U?IA եI?i? Գni?I ?n AaonuեnեY, NCY aoOO?գnaoAU?Uբ? ?U?եO ?UY I?n??oaOA UC?UY եe ?C, Y?U?IA YեnI?U?onC oեO?aեiCY, CYue I?n??oC U?Yn?U?eYaoAUaoYA, Y? EO??N?niեo UC?UY ?e?o. «ICY? i?YA aC, ua i?YA ai aեiu ? Y?UC»? ?e ana?եoC` ?eaU?Y ??IaբCY, anC եnIao ?auեnA IaoUn ?CY ? aoYեn iեo ?Ya???N?e եnեE?Yեn, ?anaoeiC UCcaoYեnCo ?aonI ?n, AaOYեE Uեn i?YA, UCYa? CU iեn???nOA: oեO?aեiA I?Yaեo ??IaբCY, N?YOY?n?nեo Yn?Y Uեn i?YA UY?E: ?e ??IaբCY N?UiYեoC? ua եnեE?Yեnai ?aE??niCn Uեn iaoYA , i?YA ?UեY CYa I?, UaoO, O?i?n ? ?UE aoiեeiեOեY , եnեE?YեnC N?U?n UC՛ EY?UCn, UC U?eY ?E ?aE??nCn Oեn iaoY: ??Uo a?e?oC, an եe ?E Nեi aեU iեn???eY?Eao, u?YC an IU?YuCe ii?Yգ Iea?eY?n, եAե un?եnA CU?Y?UCY: iեnoYեEai Nn?o?Ye? ?aone եI? iYCo? ?nեIaU?Y ao? A?UC N?e? i?inC? e?UaեnC iaoYA, Nn?o?Ye AaOC ?UYiեO ? IYace N?YOY?n?nեoC, an ea?eC ?UYu?Y A?U?Y?I UCYa? ??Y?a?nNYեnA բ?oiեY: ?e գY?oC eYi?U գUaoOA, բ?nեբ?Ei?բ?n CYO I?YaA N?Uեn I?UCY? ??can? unA E?nբեn? գY?oaO canեa?YYեnC Nեi un??I?Y i?n??ai N?e? E?nբեn?, բY?IiեoC Iaei?YU?Y Գ?nեգCYC i?YA? ?Oբ?Une UC u?YC un ?e?c գY?oեE ?n ??Eեa: on??I?Y i?n??e iեnc?aեe ?aEեoC, UեI ?UCe ?Yo ICYe եnեE?YեnC Nեi ?aE??niեo CYO Uai: iC??IA ?Yi?YեEC ?n, iեO??an, iY?UCY գanI?IaoAU?Y aa UC Cn aaoYեCYu, i?nOai UC eեYU?I i?nOեoCYu, ao եe eIeեoC aOYO?գanIaoAU?Uբ ? ACAեO?գanIaoAU?Uբ ?բ?OiեE: I?i?nեoC ??Y???Y N?YOY?n?naoAUaoYYեn, գanIեnA iեnc?oYեEaoo Nեia CYO ?a?Nai ?aE??nեoCY CU NCY բY?I?i?UnA? Uaoeaoy?Y ??CnեAA: ?nբ iեn???nO?, ?n?եY CU uեeao AYi?YCuA ?aE??niեE ?n ?n?YI?:

1925 A. E??????? Գ??iaoOA i?U?, Oao?? oao?? ????U??? IaOO?o ???? un?եnCY, anaYu y?Y?iCI UaoeaoEU?YYեn ?CY, aC I?nեEC ?եneCUC un?եnC ??nuCY ??eեE? ?եneCUC un?եnA E?Eբ??Yեn եY ? N?U?eեn, CeI i?YC ????YեnA ??A?Y ? aEեnCU ?CY ?e N?UեnA: ????YեnA N?U?UCi ?CY eaoEA?Y?I?Y I?nգեnCY ao բeYaoAUaoYYեnCY? ?U? A?U?Y?I I?e?i?naoAU?Y գEaoE ?n I?YգY?I ?A?Aaonu Oaoei?y? oեU?EA: 1925 A. ?anCE ?UeCY E?nբեn? u?O?uaoU Eaon i?n?Iiեo, an eaoEA?YC IaOUY?ICo UaoeaoEU?Y AaonuեnA ? ????YեnA ?aei?UբեE եY? NCY I?nգեnA iեn?I?YգYեEao: Un?Yo a?n?գEaoEYեnY ?CY ?եUE ??nCyA, anA aoOOaoAUaoY ?n iեnonեE i?YCo ? OգiaoU ?n E?nբեn? Y?N?YգA գn?iեE, CeI UUaoe a?n?գEaoEA? ?եUE e?NC?A? ?e?c?YaoU ?n? iCգn?Y?Iեni u?O?uA գn?iեEao: ?Ue Eae?IoaoAUaoYA AaOain?C Uեc ?eiaoU ?n գ?OiYC: OC u?YC un Nեia ?n?եY a?n?iեo, an ?եUE ??nCyA գn?iեE ? ??Eao u?O?uA ? Yn? ?nc?I? գUaoOեnA, N?can? unեnCY E?nբեn?C UaiCI գUaoOեnA? ??aaoeC, EaoUEC, OanեYCI, ?UaoeեYCI: Eao??aA AYI?i u?O?uaoU: U?N?YգC ?CYian?I?Y Nn?U?Y?i?naoAUaoYA ? Y?N?Yգ?aեiA ??EaoeiC ?CUեoCY, N?naoei i???e?I?YYեnA CnեYo ?nAեu?ian բեeYեnai O?E?AC? u?O?u iեO??aEiեoCY: o?O?uA UY?o ?e?Yo OեI?i?nC: Eaon ei?oiեo, an ?եUE ??nCyA գiYiaoU ? E?nբեn? u?O?uCo եnեu IU. Nեe?ianaoAU?Y ?UaoeեYCI գUaoO?u?O?uaoU: aեiu ? ?eեU, an ?U? A?U?Y?I a?nA?Y??IC բեIA, ??nCy բեIA, ?NU?? բեIA ? aonC?Yեn E?nբեn?Co aNեe?o?Y? UI?iiaoU ?n Yn?Yo N?U?In?YuA ?եaC ?aei?UբYեnA? ?U? բեIեnA Oեeu բեnCY ?iiaUեuեY?, an ?UYiեO N??i?գUaoi ?n, գY?oCY ?UaoeեYCI? ?եUE ??nCyCY բեnեEao: OեYu? N?Uեne ?եUE ??nCyCY բեnեEao ?n?naOaoAUaoYA iեeYեEao N?U?n N?i?uiեE ?CY I?e?i?n?I?Y ?եYuC Uai: ?եUE ??nCyCY բեnեoCY ?aE ?iiaUեuեY?Uai: ?եUEA եnI?n N?e?Iai ?n, ??nA?U Uanaoeai, գEaoEA ??A?i?I eaCi?I UեI a?EU?Uai, N?գ?I aoYեn բn?Co գanIi?I եnI?n ?բ?, aiuեnCY? a?naE? ?եIեnA Yn? եnIao A?եnA Ui?I i?n?Y I?e?i?n?I?Y ?եYuA: OեI ?E iեeYեYu? Yn? Nn?U?Yai բaEan eեYU?IYեnCo ?aone A??iեoCY I?e?i?n?I?Y ??ei?AOAեnA, բ?Yi?nIi?IYեnCY բ?o AaOեoCY A?Y??nUYեnC ?եYuCo, գn?iեoCY ?եYuեnA ? ?CY?UAեnuA, գn?iեoCY Aaonu?I?Y IեYinaY?I?Y ? u?O?u?I?Y բ?Y?IYեnA ? Yn?Yo գaoUuA: ?եnAA N?e?i i???e?I?YYեnC E?YaoAYեnCY, U?Yaoy?Iiaon?YեnCY: ?եUEA UaoYեiCIYեnC UCcaoai Nn?U?Y ?nO?Iեo? եnեIaU?Y A?UA i?eCo Nեia aa UեIA iYCo ?aone aգ?: AaOaiaon?A UY?oեE ?n ??Ii?I iC??IaoU, ?e?Yo eYY?C: iեnc?aեe eIeեoCY UiYեE iYեnA, IaOaaiեE aoYեoi?IuA: ?n?U?Y?i?nYեnC iYեnA գC?եnA Ui?Y, Yn?Yo Eui?I I?Y?Yo Nեi ?YU?n?I?UCY UեAa?Yեnai ?CY գanIaoU: ?aei?UբYեnC Uեc YI?iեEC ? UեI N?Uբ?i aoYեn Uai 35 i?nեI?Y UեIA, anA aoYեn 200 OC?ian ?CYi?I ????Yեn, anaYu ?բ?OiaoU ?CY գUaoOեnC A?E?Yai: a?n? a?n, Aե ACiA anu?Y ?n, e?I?UY ?aei?UբYեnA N?U?nU? 30 un գanIեoCY ?e?Yo Nn?o?YYեnC, Yn?Yo Nn?o?YYեnA UC?UY IaOaaaoiA i?YեEao AaIեn ?CY: ?եIեnA` Y?i?I N?Yգ?U?YuYեnA YI?iեEai, UY?oCY եnIao u?nC ?n?YuA, CnեYo a?iIեn?on?I eaoEA?Y?I?YYեnA a?CY: anaեe?C Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?Y ?auCY E?i եn??Y, I?i?n?I N?Yo?YuYեnA AեA??oYեY, AaOain?CY Nn?o?YYեn բ?A?YեoCY? o?O?uC ?n?UiU?Y IaOUCo EeiեoCY ?CYian?I?Y ?aOեnC ????Y??YYեnA? ?n?o?Y?OգaoAUaoY I?i?nեEai, u?O?uC AaOaiaon?A ?aone եI?i ????YեnC ?եU IeiեEao: ????YեnA I?nIեoCY, Aե Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IC IaOUCo a???ni?I եY ? eIeեoCY ??EaoeiC ?CUեE: ?UYCYa? aa UC բ?Y?I ?E aI?n: eIeեo ????YեnC ??EaoeiA, Yn?Yo UC U?eA ?Un?oiեo I?nUCn EaY?EC ?եYuaoU, In?IaoU ?CY Eaoe?UaoiYեnCo, Aaonu բ??Cբa?aoIYեnC in?:

????YեnA ?եYuaoU a???ni?I ?CY, ? oեnեIA NY?n?ian a?n ?եYuCo ?aone գ?E? ??nU?n ?eCAC ea?eեEai? գC?եnA ?եYuC Nեi?C ?eYCo ??EaoeiC ?CUեoCY? ?e?Y Uai N?UiY?բեnեoCY iեo NaգC ea?Yi?I, anaYu AEa?ii?I a?CY: ?U? ?եauA u?O?uC N?UեnC N?U?n Yan Iaian?IC ii?Yգ eiեOIեo, Eaon i?n?IեoCY, Aե In?IaOYեnA N?UեnY ?CY, u?YC an AEa?ii?I aեY: o?O?uA UY?oեE ?n ?e?Yo OեI?i?nC, iեOC AaonuեnA A?U?Y?I?ian Yan Y?N?Yգ?aեi AY?aoYեoCY ?եI uOEC ?YaoYai UC գեn U?n?ao ? eiCaեoCY Yn?Y AaoUE?inեE N?UեnCY IaianեEao? ??UեnA YanCo i?EC ao e?ne??C Uեc ?CY, i?YCo ?aone a?CY գ?ECe? ?գ?Eai in?N?e ii?YգA: AaonuեnA ?e?YOCY EUբեnai u?O?uaoU ? գUaoOեnaoU eIeեoCY Eao??nIaoAUaoY I?i?nեE ? ?e?cCY unA 40 ????YեnC Oեnբ?I?EեoCY, anaYo Uեc ?n Yn?Yo a?n?գEaoE ?եUE ??nCyA: ?nIao un Nեia ?YI?n?UCo aoO?nIiեo «iCi?YC եnyC» (?CYinCբaoY?E): ?iU?YA բ?o ?n բaEanC N?U?n, ? UեYu? N?Uեne, N???E?IC YեnI? ?CYu ECYaoU ??i?i?naoAU?YA: OC un եe, eեUCn?U?Y Գ?nեգCYA ? ?aAaAU?Y ԳnCգanA գC?եni? A?UA UեICY AեU?n?YaoU Yei?I ea?eaoU ?CYu U?N?a?niYեnCY, anaYu I?E?O?Y aեiu ? բ?nOn?oiեCY A?Y??nUYեnC ?եYuC ?e?c? ????naoU I?E?O?YYեnA a?in?ei ?n i?eYեnեu Naգao N?U?n: ԳC?եni? A?UA UեIY ?Yo IեeCY բեnեoCY U?N?a?niYեnCY, anaYoCo NCYգA եOբ?UnYեn ?CY, CeI UaAA Yn?Yo uեeCYեnA? Un?Yo E?aiեnYեnai NeIaoU ?CY 26 eiCY?ian ?CYian?I?YYեn? Uaon?u?YaUaon I?E?O?YC ?e?c ?ni?I ?n UեI ?Aae, I?E?O?YCo I?Ei?I ?n UaoOi?I AaI, CeI U?N?a?niYեnC i?CY I?Ei?I ?n բ??n?Y? U?Ni?Y i?CeA: Eaeiai?Y?Yu AY?aoYեEaoo Nեia ?CYian?I?YYեnA aiuC i?IC ?AaeA ?e?Yo EO??N?naoAU?Y u??aoU ?CY : aane ?UeaoU բ??U?ACi U?n?I?Yo I?E?O?Y բ?nOn?onCY u?O?uC i?nբեn iեOեnaoU: OCYa? Iեeun Yn?Yo AaOYaoU ?CY I?Ei?I iC??IaoU, anCo Nեia ?C?IYեnA EoYaoU yaonգaYYեnA ? iեO??aEaoU: ?CYinCբaoY?EA iեn?Iiեo CeACuE?E NեuեU?UC (AaOain??I?Y ?iU?YC)? ?եnA?I?Y Oեnբ?I?Ei?I ????YեnCY գoaoU ?CY N?Uao AaOai?n?YA, anA ??i?nI ?n, ?UեY un 10-15 NaգC I?E?O?Y ?CY բ?nOn?oYaoU? ?nեu ?UeaoU 3000-Co ?iեEC uaon? ????Yեn I?EiեoCY: ??iaY ??EaoeiC ?CUեo, N?e?i Oao?C EեeYեnA: ?եUE ?UC?A, anA գn?iեE ?n iCգn?Y?Iեni u?O?uA (?C?nբեuCn), Cn N?U?EaNYեnai ?e Oեnբ?I?Eiեo ? I?E?O?Y բ?nOn?oiեo: ?aei?Uբ, ??Eei?I?Y ????YեnA UC?o?Y U?iaUC EUբCY ? ??naoY?IaoU ?CY բ?Y?Ci?I?Y EUբեnai ?n??iեE Oao?C գ?i?eC գUaoOեnC in?: OC եnIao ?UCe Nեia ?anu Uioiեo E?nբեn? u?O?uA, բ?Uo ?e?c a??nAiեoCY: ?եneCUC un?եnC Nեi բ?Y?IoեoCY, an ?եneCUC un?եnA ?e?c ??nAiեY, A?E?YեY, CeI Anu?I?Y բ?Y?IA ?n??iC Yn?Yo Nեi?Co? O?C EեeYեnaoU IeCiA ?iեEC A?? ei?o?i, iեnc?aեe ??iaY IanaoeiYեn i?Eai? ??E?i Cn ue?Y OC?ian ??Eei?I?YYեnai ? eaonC?UC ??Eեa u?O?uaoU ?a?ei?Y գi?i ?YգEC?oCYեnC Uai: ?eaoU ?CY, an ?U? ?aei?UբaoAUaoYA I??U?IեnaեE ?CY ?YգEC?oCYեnA:

????U??? ?aei?O?aoAUaoU?o ??ia ??U??? i?O?IA E??????? U???UԳaoO IaianaoUCo Nեia N?UեnC iC??IA, U?Y?i?Y? ????YեnC ?aei?UբaoAUaoYCo Nեia, գY?Eai ?iեEC i?i?o?i: eե?IoCaY aoAեnA CnեYo եnInC Nեi??CUaoAU?Y NCUY?I?Y a?i??eA iեn?գnaoU ?CY N?UեnCY? iC??IA N?iI?aեe I?Yn ?n գUaoOեnaoU, IaianaoUCo Nեia UY?oեE ?CY N?i ao IեYi N?Uեn, anaYu UC Iեna ???iiեE ?CY c?n?եnCo ? Aaonu ?O?YեnC ao բեIեnC Uai ??E?iaoU ?CY anaեe U??IYեn, aU?Yu iYiեeaoAUaoYYեnai, aU?Yu ?YN?i, Yn?Yu uni? N?oA N??Ci ?CY I?naO?YaoU ??nեE: ?YN?i?i (գU?iaon) բ?eA Uaon?C YU?Y CcYaoU ?n Yn?Yo գEECY? OUaoe U?eA a?Y?EiaoAU?Y ??Y?a?nNA բeY?I գ?OAaoU ?CY ??Eեa, eaonC?, ECբ?Y?Y ? ?UE եnInYեn? aiuեn ?UեnCI?UaoU aoYեCY բ?nեI?UYեn, ?aO ?CY aoO?nIaoU ? iեO??aEaoU, CeI UեI U?eA, an au?ian ?n, aa UC NY?n?ianaoAUaoY aaoYեn iեO??aEեEao: U?U?IYեnA aեiu ? a?ni??Cn գniեn AaonuեnեY, an oեY?aoeC եYA?nIiեCY? ??i N?UեnC Uեc aI?UCY AaonuեnեY գnaOYեn: ?UեY ICn?IC unA գUaoOեnCo N?i?uiaoU ?CY Uեn iaoYA? CnեYo N?n???iYեnCY Y?U?I գnեEao: ?e AaonuեnեY գnեE, I?n??E E?i գCiեC ? a?C UեnAaoU, u?YC an Yn?Yo iC??IA CYO N?U?n N?eI?Y?EC ?n: ??բ?AA UեI ?Yգ?U A?Y??nUYեnC NeIaOaoAU?Y i?I գUaoOեnCo N?i?uaoU ?CY ?UբaOc N?UեnCY A?Y??nUեnC?UC ?եYuA ? eiCaaoU «CYuY?I?U» Nեe?Y?E ?ni?e?NU?Y: ???e?O? o????? O?I?i?Գ??A ?i Aao?o e??Io?aU I?e?i??aoAU?U Ea??O?UIaoAUaoUU??A

Aaonu I?e?i?naoAUaoYA ?եneCUoC un?եnC YI?iU?Uբ ??nOU?E ?CUեo Ean?U?YIaoAU?Y? anaեe Aե բ?nեNaգaoAUaoY ? ?YaoU, an Yn?Yu AY??e?cեE ?CY ????YեnC ?aei?UբaoAUaoYA ?Y?եEao: ?եneCUC oեO?aեiYեnA ?գ?oCY I?e?i?naoAU?Y ??iեnA ? CnեYo YI?iU?Uբ IեOI Naգ?i?naoAUaoYA: eե?IoCaYYեnA ??N?գnգeaoU ?CY uaon? oեO?aեiեnCY, Yn?Yo ?e?c?nIaoU բ?nOn a??iaYYեn? Y?N?Yգ?aեiեnC EanNn??iaoYեn, Uaon?u?YaUaonCY Eaei?YaoU ?UeեI?Y NCeaoY aeIC, ?եYuեn, E?YaoAYեn, ?գ?n?IYեn: oեO?aեiYեnCo ?CY Uaoeai?Y ??CnեAC oեO?aեi EեYaեn ?O?Y, ?E?Y ??CnեAC oեO?aեi ?բn?NCU ?O?Y, ?եneCUoC eECU?Y ?O?Y, ?O?aoYCIC oեO?aեi O?U?i ?O?Y, eaon?Yoao AեUCn ?O?Y ? ??i aonC? oեO?aեiYեn: OC?UY aYեnI?U?o?i ?a?e?Y ??CnեAC oեO?aեi ???C aoE?Y, an ??i Ean?U?YI U?n? ?n: ?aEan oեO?aեiYեnY ?E ?Yգn?գեiYեn ?CY: ?e?iaiU?Y UC u?YC A?Uai գYaoU ?CY Y?N?Yգ?aեiC Uai, ?a? ?aone ?CY գ?ECe ? ?UբaOc unA ?բ?OiaoU IեnaoEaoUai? OեnA Y?N?Yգ?aեiY ?n Nn?iCnaoU Yn?Yo, UեnA CnեYu ?CY Nn?iCnaoU Y?N?Yգ?aեiCY, ?UeaCeai UCYa? 1928 A. iեncA: ?e եnբեUY գYaoU ?C oեO?aեiYեnC Uai, ??i ?Yգ?U եU եOեE oեO?aեi EեYaեn ?O?UC Uai: U?N?Yգ?aեiA Yn?Yo i?ECe ?n ?e?UE EaeiaoUYեn ? Eaei?YaoU ?n ?iեEC UեI a??iaYYեn ? a?iCiYեn I?e?i?naoAU?Y IaOUCo? Un?Yu a?CY ?գaoU CnեYo գEEC գ?ECuA: ?եneCUC uaon? բY?IaaoAU?Y ??I?i?գCnA ?C?i եO?i N?UեnC aեe? eI?բaoU ?եneCUC uaon? oեO?aեiYեnA ?YN?Ui aoOOaoAU?Uբ ?ueaniեoCY, ?a? iեO?N?Yiեo ao Iaianiեo N?U?nU? aOc uaon? բY?IaaoAUaoYA? ?U? unեnCY եe եO? eYi?Uaou?UC eianaiaoU, ?եe?e ?YA?O ?CY UY?oեE OեIIեniC N?UեnC A??i?I IU?EuYեnA: on?եnCY IaianaoU ?CY ?U? YaoUY OanեnC Uեc?

OեIIեniaoU Oեnբ?I?EiեoC anaեe ?aCaY (??Ye?), Aaonu I?YaAYեn I?UCY UCc?UiեoCY CYO ???iեEao, e?I?UY uգaoi aiiեo, CYO Oեnբ?I?EեoCY, N?no?uYYեoCY UC u?YC ?Yգ?U? anaեe Aե եe «IaYin?բ?Y?ai» եU ?բ?OiaoU: ?YO in? aa UC ii?Yգ?ian բ?Y aգi?Y: A?Y??nUYեnC NeIaOaoAU?Y i?I CYO ?aE??nեoCY E?nբեn?, եnInCo Nեe?Y?Eao a?UU?Yai բ?o AaOCY: e?ai?O??? ?O?eA ?i ?O Գ?OAA eai?i?I?U ??U?ei?U ?e ?CUեoC aaECe ??Niեn?U?YCY? eaiեi?I?Y ?եea?YCY, ??U?ei?Y UեIYեEao AaoUEiiaoAUaoY ei?Y?Eao N?U?n, e?I?UY a?i?eE?Y aei?o?? ?CUaoU YեnI?U?onC I?e?i?naoAU?YA, an CYO AaoUE?inեY UեIYեEao UCYa? in?aC?aY u?O?uA: ?U ?CUaoUA UC u?YC ?UCe OգOգեoCY? iեncaoU, Aե ?CYian?I?Y a?niu? I?i?nCn, ?a? AaoUE Ii?Yu: ?U? A?U?Y?I Uai 27 i?nեI?Y ?C: I?YaA AaonuեnA CYO EanNaon? iiCY i?nCue UեI?oYեE? eiCai?I եO? I???euC UCcaoai i?nCue 27-Co բ?nOn?oYեE 40 i?nեI?YC: ?եia ?E, Aե գY? eaonC? , aonC? եnInYեn? ?e aY?եoC, an eaoe?ei?YaoU aoYեU բ?nեI?UYեn, iեnc?aեe I?YaA AaonuեnC UCcaoai CYO iC?? iiCY in?aC?aY գY?Eao: ?e ??e?ianեoC Y?? aonC? iեo AYi?YCuYեnC գanIեnA? 1928 A. eեaiեUբեnC 26-CY Uե? ?aE??naO UեuեY?Y, anA 15 iaYY?Yao ?n, 6 iYiեeaoAUaoYYեnC I?nCu?ian CnեnA բ?nO?I, I?Yգ ?e?i N?U NCYգ եOբ?UnYեnC ?եYuC ?e?c, anA ?UեY?գեOեoCIY ?n Y?N?YգaoU: Un?Yo iեnեnA ?aN ?CY գY?oեE c?n?եnC A?U?Y?I: ?U? unA Uեn ?UեY?եnc?YCI unY ?n, u?O?uC բaEan N?UեnA N?i?uiեE ?CY Uե? ??Y?a?nNեEao, UY?o?IYեnC N?U?n eaoգ ao ?Ci?Y ?n, ??A?AiեE ?CY Uե? a?CY AaOYaoU UեuեY? YeiեYu: Oե? ?aE??naO UեuեY?Y` CnեnA բ?nO?I, I?Yգ ?n ?eեE ?aECeYեnC NեnA?a?NaoAU?Y ?եYuC ?e?c? A?Y??nUYեnC OեI?i?nYեnCo UaonC ?YaoYai UեIA ?aone եI?i, եnI?n Y?UեEai` CYO ?e?o. «եi?YC գ?EU? (?YaOCY aC UY?)»: ?n?aoU ?n, an o?iaoU ?n N?UեnCe iC??IA: ?UeaCeai UեYu aoO?aniեoCYu ?եaC O?E?AC? u?O?uA, aniեO Cc??YեoCYu NUaon?YaoaoU? ԳC?եnA A?UA 11-CY, ?եe CnեnA Yեne a?e?I, A?Y??nUYեnA Uե? ?CU?ianեoCY ?YU?n?I?UCY O?ai: Oեn ?YOY?գnեnA ? ?UE ??ei?AOAեn iեnonեoCY, Nեe?o?Y, an Cբn ?e?iaiU?Y Uե? aեiu ? YեnI?U?oYեY? iեeYեEai, an Yn?Yu aեY գ?ECe, ?e?iaiU?Y A?UA 11-CY UեYu YեnI?U?o?Yu Yn?Yo ? a?N?YcեoCYu Uեn ??ei?AOAեnA: Un?Yu UC ??nu IեOI a?i??e?բ?YaoAUaoYYեn Uեc բեnեoCY, iեnc?aեe Uե?YCo iեnonCY 300 Oaonao? I???eu: Oեn ??ei?AOAեnA ?Ue Iեna եi iiCY: OեYu ??Y?a?nNiեoCYu eեբ?eiC?? ei?? u?O?uaoU` գC?եni? Uai A?UA UեICY, NUaon?YaoaoU YaoUYA I?i?niեo, CYa O?E?AC?UaoU, I???eu i?Eaoo Nեia iեnonCYu Uեn ??ei?AOAեnA: ??can? ?e?iaiU?Y aoO?aniեoCYu ?U?eC? u?O?uA, ??nOU?E YaoUY I???euA: ??e?Yu iեnc?aեe e?UeaY Y?i?N?YգCei u?O?uA, aniեO UY?oCYu aoA un, Y?i aI?n: iեnc?aեe «?uaaaO?n» Y?iai N?e?Yu in?aC?aY u?O?uA: U?iCo ?aone եI?Yu, ? Uե? ?CU?ianեo ??e?Y a?ao? ?YaoYai UեIA? Oե? ?YI?YaA ?U? U?n?A I?nIեe i?OեUC բ?nեI?U ECYեn: ??Uբ?EYեnCY I?nգ??nեo CnեnA ?aE??nեE Uեn NUaon?YaoA, UեYu I?nIեEai, an Y? բ?nC U?n? ?, Nեi?եoCYu Yn?Y: Oեn iեo iYiեeaoAU?Y N?U?n N?iI?onեo UեI eեYU?I: ?UեY un Uե? NUaon?eCnaoU ?CY AեU ? eaon?: ?Yo?i iեo un, Uեn AYIեnYեnC Nեi EanNn??IoեEai` ?CUեoCYu ??e?Y a?ao?CY ? EY?nեoCYu a?n?եE eեYU?IC i?nOC գaoU?nA ? ?e?Yo Uեn a?N?YcC Uե? AեU ao eaon? aoO?nIեEao U?eCY: a?n?iեo, an un?I?Y UեI aeIC eեYU?IC i?nOY ? ? iեo uni? AեUC ? eaon?C գaoU?nA I??UaoU ? եnIao aeIC: ?e Nn?A?niեoC ?U? NUaon?YaoaoU UY?E, գY?oC u?O?uC eaoEC u?Y NUaon?YaoA ? EY?nեoC CYO UC eեYU?I N?iI?oYեE, a?UU?Y?ianiեoCYu UեI N?U?n` 15 uU.-CY i??nեE ?UCeA UեI ? Iեe aeIC: ?UeaCeai Uեn UUaoe AYIեnYեnCY ?e iեO?ianեoCYu YaoUY NUaon?YaoaoU, aniեO UY?oCYu iեo ?UCe: iC??IA ?Yi?YեEC ?n, եO?I գaoU?nYեnA I?EeiեE ?n, ??E?i?Yu aI?n, ?U? u?O?uaoU aa UC N?U a?n UY?oե,E anaեe?C EanNaon? N?noYեCYu: OեYu ?CUեoCYu eaoe?I?Y ?եea?YCY ? N?UiYեoCYu Uեn iC??IC U?eCY: ?եea?YA I?nգ??nեE ?n iեO?I?ECY, iեO?I?EA A?A?n ?n, Y? E?i AaonuեnեY գCiեn, ?բ?OiեEai Uեn N?noեnai: eaoEC E?YC Yan գ?OAaO N?UեnA CYO Y??Y?IեoCY anaեe YեnI?U?oaooCa I?a a??ia?YեE ?եea?YC iեO?I?EC Nեi: ?e I??UեoC eaoEC E?YaoU եO?I N?UեnC AY?N?Yaon oaoo?IA ? YեnI?U?onC iեO?I?ECY, ?UYaoNեi? UեI-UեI I?YaեEai, uYYaoU ? ?nO?Y?գnaoU: ?e A?nգU?YaC ?եn ?C I?i?naoU: oYaoAUaoYYեnY ?i?niեEaoo Nեia` ?n?UaoYuYեnA YեnI?U?onCY OaeIi?: i?եo UC u?YC ?UCe. 1929 A. ?եini?nC 10-CY ?եea?YaoAUaoYA Uե? N?Oan?եo, an Oեn ??U?ei?Y գY?Eao AaoUEiiaoAUaoYA ei?oiեE ? a?in?eiiեoեu Y?iai UեIYեEao: ?UբaOc NUaon?YaoA EY?aoAU?Y Uեc ?n: OեYu բaEane ?E i?i iC??IaoU ?CYu, եO?I գaoU?nYեnA ea?ei?I ?n, ??iեnA Y?i YeiեEao ?n?U aaoYեCY, UեIA UUaoeCo ?n?U ?eYեEai iեnc?aեe Y?iai N?e?Yu ??AaoU: ?YO Uai UY?oեE ?n Aaonu?I?Y NCYգ բ?YIYai, anA ?aE?Y?IեEai բ?YIaoU եnIao ? Iեe eaoբECai: OnC UAեnu բ?A?YեEao N?U?n CYO Y??Y?IեoCY Yեnգ?OaoAYեnC YեnI?U?oaooCa, Uե? iiեoCY UaA a?nI ??u?n, եn?CI, N?o ? ?UE UAեnu: ??U?ei?YC ?nUեYIaUA Uե? ??i uգYեo, anC ?YaoYY ?n ?nUեY?I: Oե? in?U??nեoCY UaA i?գaY, UեYu iեO?ianiեoCYu i?գaYYեnaoU: EեYCY?I?YaoU YaoUYaեe Uե? UAեnu iniեo: e?n??n?a?iaoU գY?ouA I?Yգ ?e?i: Oե? ?CU?ianեoCY ??U?ei?YC YեnI?U?oaooCaYեnA ? N?UiYեoCY, an ?UAU ?n??YaoU Oե? iեO?ianեEao ?եYuեn ?e?UAU aaoYեYu, aiuեn o?YI?YaoU եY գUaoOեnaoU UY?E` iեo ?Ueai aեiaoAUaoYA Oե? I?a?NaiC ?UեY CYaai, Uaon?u?YaUaon iYiեeaoAU?YA UեI Iai, UեI ?Uei? eYY??UAեnu, OUեei? i?eեECu ? ?UEY: Uեnգ?OAaOYեnCo UեI U?eA գY?oCY գUaoOեnA, CeI UC u?YC iYiեeaoAUaoYYեn` ?n??Y: ?e ? ?Yեne iեO?ianiեoCYu Uեn N?U?եnIn?oC I?YaAYեnC iYեnA: ana? A?U?Y?ICo Nեia եe ?Yo? ??E?i?YuC O?n?O?E?UaoU` anaեe բեiaY?գanI, cn?YouC ?CY?n?naoAU?Y in?: iեncaoU AY?aoYiեoC a?N?IaUC գanI?n?YaoU ACAեO?գanI, anC iYunեYY ?n ?aiN?YYեe OեECuU?YA: 1929A. iեncaoU CYO Nn?iCnեoCY Uan-E?nբեn?C ?CY?n?n?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnCY U?eY?IoեEao: ?U? ?CY?n?naoAaoYA aեiu ? OեI?i?nեCY ?եYU?UCY ԳnCգanU?YA, O?A?ae ԳnCգanU?YA, (??OIE) Y?E?գ?N AaAaiեYoA ? i?iեEU?YA: ??U?ei?YC I?e?i?naoAUaoYA ?ni???iC cn?YouC ?n?UiU?Y U?eaoU Uan-E?nբեn?C ?CY?n?naoAU?Y N?U?n N?iI?onեE ?n 140 NեIi?n NaO?U?e: 1929A. eIeiեo Uan-E?nբեn?C ?CY?n?naoAUaoYA: ?UեY CYa aեiaoAU?Y UCcaoYեnai, ?UեnCI?UC N?UnեY?Io?I?Y UCaoAUaoYA ??i գaoU?nYեn ?n in?U??naoU: ?e?cCY ?UCeYեnCY եe ??E?iեoC anaեe i?eY?aեi ?CY?n?naoAU?Y in?: OCYc? 1934A. I?eaooiեo 9 ?եYu: 1935A. I??U?IեnaեoCYu IaEեIiCi iYiեeaoAUaoY, anC iYiեeaoAU?Y ACiA AY??UեYA N?eYaoU ?n 7 iYiեeaoAU?Y: 3 N?. in? EaECIC o?Yu I?i?nեoCYu ? E?i ?n?UaoYuC N?e?Yu: IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYA aa UC գaoUu aaoYեn, YaoUYCeI aaoYեn գUaoO գanICuYեn: O?E?nC?UC i?Un ?n: IaEiYiեe?I?YYեnA N?i?uiaoU ?CY a?iեnC i?I, ?AգaN ?CY ?anեE?IեnaCo: IaEiեeaoAU?Y Y?E?գ?N ?n ?n?U ??IaբU?YA, CeI եe ??E?iaoU ?C anaեe N??i?a?N ?՛ 5-n? eaiEa?aoU, ?՛ IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYaoU: OC?i an, iC??IA E?i a?n, CeI UեYu ?YN?Yգei?YaoU ?CYu, եe ?YO?Uբ ?CUեoC O?aY?U?YCY, an ?U? A?U?Y?I u?OIaUC u?niaoO?nY ?n: U? CYO EanNaon? iiեo ?Y?eY?a?NaoAUaoY ??nգ?oYեE: aեiaoAUaoYA Uե? N?iI?onեo 50 aaE?n, ICnai?I?YC i?n??YEao eaiEa?Co: ?e գanIaoOiեoC i?n??YEao eaiEa? ? iեO??aEեoC aaE?nYեnA: ?U? aaE?nYեnA ?n?IեoYaoU ?CYu եe ? ?n?U ??IaբU?YA: OC un եe ?C a?NaoU, UC un ?E Y? ?n a?NaoU: 1938A. եe Y??Y?IiեoC IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y i?naaoAU?Y Y?E?գ?N: aեiaoAUaoYA Uե? in?U??nեo aoYCiեne?E UC in?Iian: eIeեoCYu U??IեE NaOA, EUեEao caon aI?n: ?aonA ?aE??naoU ?CYu A???գUaoOCo (?UYA??), OեeY?UaoE եO?Yu u?n N?i?uեEaoY, I?eեn ? E?OaOC ?UգCYեn iYIեEaoY: ??NaoUU?YC ?nc?YC e?UaY?I?Y IaUCiեCo CYO ?e?c?nIեoCY 1940 A. iեnCY a?nբ?ECo ?aE??nեE 40 iYiեeaoAUaoY ? ??U??եiC ?nc?YCo 40 iYiեeaoAUaoY: ?e?cCY NեnACY iեnCY a?nբ?ECo ?aE??nեoCYu iYiեeaoAUaoYYեnA ? N?iI?onCYu NaO?U?eեn, eIeեoCY CnեYo ?եYuեnC I?eaooU?Y գanIai ?բ?OiեE: 1940 A. գUaoO. UCYCeinaoAU?Y Nn?U?Yai գanIaoOiեoC ???CIU?Y գUaoOA` iYiեeaoAUaoYYեnCY ?aE??nեEao: iC??IA բ?niau a?n` ?Y?eY?գaUեn aaoYեCYu, EUեEao caon aI?n: iեnc?aեe ???CIU?YCo ?aE??nեoCYu 40 iYiեeaoAUaoY, CnեYo N?e?YեECu գaoUuai: Un?Yo ?e N?iI?onCYu NaO?U?eեn:Un?Yu ?E eIeեoCY ?CY?n?naoAUaoYA: ?Y?eaoYYեnA oniCo a??ia?YեEao N?U?n` a?in?eiեoCYu i?Ei?ICo բ?n?IYեn: ?Y?eY?Iեn aECYեEao a?i??eai գUaoOեnCo ?aE??naoU ?CYu բnYOC e?EaU ? YaoUY unA Iեn?InaoU: ?UeaCeai eIeեoCYu o?YueեnC i?n?IaoAUaoYA UեI?oYեE, iYIaoUYեn I?i?nեE, բ?Yc?n?բaei?Y?UCY IaoEiaon?YեnC NեIi?n?UCY i?n?IaoAUaoYYեnA ?iեE?oYեE: O??IեEC i?n?IaoAU?Y ACiA N?e?i 45-C, E?OaO 26 N?., aiaoO, ICn?Y: ?eiaoUiC ? N?o?N?iCIC o?YueեnC i?I ?niեoCY 120 N?.: 1941 A. I?գեo ?nInan? N?U??E?nN?UCY a?iեn??UA, Uan-E?nբեn?C IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYCo բ?Y?I UեIYեoCY 140 NaգC, ?U? AiaoU` եe ? CU եnIao iO?YեnA: Un?YoCo ??iեnA aiեn???nO?Y, N?UnեYCuC a??ia?YaoAU?Y N?U?n CnեYo IU?YuA iiեoCY aoAeaoY NaգC, Y?? CU եnIao an?CYեnA, CYaaեe բaEan բ?Y?I գY?oaOYեnA` i?YA AaOեoCYu ?Y?eY?a?N եnեE?YեnCY: ?? NaoUA I?n?an ?n N?UnեYCuC a??ia?YaoAU?Y N?U?n: ?գaoU ?CYu aեiaoAU?Y Naգ?i?naoAUaoYA եnեE?YեnC YI?iU?Uբ, բ?Y?IC U?niCIYեnA N?OA?Y?IC N?i?iai ?CY Yեn?Yai?I: ?U U?eY?IoaoAUaoYA ?NեO IeCiYեnaoU եO?i IaiI?eC EեeYեnCo, O???aICo UCYa? ?ieinC?UC iեncCY u?O?uA? Iae u?O?uA: ?YoYեEai Iaoբ?YCo, aoIn?CY?UCo, OaE?ai?UCo, ?եe?n?բC?UCo, ?aoYգ?nC?UCo, aեEaeEai?IC?UCo UCYa? ?ieinC?` UեYu iեe?Yu ?U? AaOaiaon?YեnC NaգեI?Y iC??IA, Yn?Yo N?U?In?YuA ?եaC eaoe բ?Y?IC N?OA?n??iA, UեYu ?I?Y?iեe եO?Yu aoIn?CY?I?Y IE?oaO ?iեn?I iYեnC, anaYo AaOain?C NaգեI?Y iC??IA, Yn?Yo i?e?a?YuA, anaYu ?anaoU ?CY a?nգ?EYեnaoU, բ?Uo EC ?CY N?OA?Y?IC N?i?iai: I?Y?Uu, ?OcCIYեnA a?naoU, եnգaoU, o?Yue I?i?naoU, U??IaoU, NYOaoU, բ?Y?ICY uգYaoU, CYa NY?ian ?n ??nAiaO բ?Y?ICY ?a?ei?Y, Naգ?i?naoAUaoY ?CY oaoUo i?ECe, բ?Y?IC U?niCIYեnA ?iեEC ?CY aգ?aniaoU: eaoUCYC?UC, ?aoYգ?nC?UC, ?ieinC?UC AaOain?C UC U?eCY y??CeiYեnA eaianեonեE ?CY Cբn Aե eaoe?I?Y բ?Y?IA, Yn? U?niCIYեnA Iaia??ian եY, aեY EY?UaoU aa UեICY, գY??I?N?naoU, ea?YaoU ao A?E?YaoU եY, anC Nեi??Yuai CYaaեe ?eCYu գեnU?Y?oCYեnC Nեi գY?oեE ?CY: oCa A?U?Y?I ?Yo Yn?Yu ??n?YYեnai Nեi ?CY iեn???eYaoU, oեEC Uեc Ian?I, ??E?I?I CnեYo բեeYեnA ? եnեE?YեnCY ? ?eaoU ?CY. «UեYu CU?o?Yu, ?UY CYa-an ?eaoU ?CY գեnU?Y?I?Y y??CeiYեnA` ?C?i a?n, ?U? CeI a?i??eai iեn???nO?Yu»: OեYu EaeaoU ?CYu ?ieinC?UC ??i IaUaoYCeiYեnC Nեi, anaYu AY?N?i?IU? ??E?i?YuYեn ?CY I?i?nեE ? գanIaoU ?CY Uեn բ?Y?IC Nեi, uգYaoAUaoY ?CY oaoUo i?ECe ??Y???Y N?noեnC ?aonc: Un?Yu a?iUaoU ?CY CnեYo AaOain?C In?I i?e?a?YuYեnA, գեnU?Y?I?Y y??C?eiYեnC I?i?n?I ?YU?n?I?UCY iեn?բեnUaoYuA, Yn?Yo ?Yբ?naU?I?Y ?n?nuYեnA ? AaOain?C N?Y?եa CnեYo NեOCY?IaoAU?Y ?YIU?Y U?eCY: ?nբ Uեn բ?Y?IC UC U?eA գiYiaoU ?n ?aoYգ?nC?UC ?ao?Iaon u?O?uaoU, UC U?eA ?ao??aե?iaoU U?niեn ?n UOaoU գեnU?Y?oCYեnC ?եU, anaYu ?nc?a?ii?I ?CY Uեn ?an?U?eեnai: ?aoe?E?բ ??EaoeiC ?CUեoCY ?եaC ?ieiC?: ?ieinC? Uեn UեIYեEaoo եnIao un ?e?c` iCեY?UC AaOaiaon?A ?n?եY ?եYuA o?I ?n ?nեE, գեnU?Y?oCYեnCo UC U?eA գեnC N?YOYiեo, ?U? գեnCYեnC Uեc I?UCY Ci?E?oCYեn, yn?YeC?oCYեn, eaoUCY?oCYեn, NaoYգ?n?oCYեn, anaYu Uեn ?an?U?eեnC IaOUCo eCn?ECn AY?aoYiեoCY, Yn?Yo Uեc I?UCY Nnե?Yեn, anaYo ??aCIYեnC in? ?eiO ?n YI?ni?I: eaoe?I?Y բ?Y?IA, ???i?գn?I?Y a?Uu?nA ? Yn? N?OA?Y?IA UեI E?Y??i?eaoAUaoY ?n eiեOIեE ???i?գni?I եnInYեnC AaOain?YեnC Uեc: Un?Yu բ?nOn ?CY գY?N?iaoU Uեn բ?Y?IC բ?naU?I?Y, u?O?u?I?Y EC??EaoAU?Y Cn?iC??IA: ?ieinC?UC Iae u?O?uC NUaoeCe?UCY U?eaoU I?n U?Y?eAեnYեnC UC UեI ?եYu, aniեO ?ieinC?oCYեnA a?in?eiaoU ?CY i?n??aեiYեn, iեniեnYեn, IaaiaoU ?n aoeaoUY?n?Y, ?U?iեO I?n Y?? I?Y?Yo UեI u?Y?IaoAUaoY: ?U? i?YuC UaiCI ?Yi?eaoU գեnU?Y?I?Y գեnCYեnC UC u?YC o?Yo?a?i ??Uբ?nYեn I?UCY: Oե? Y??Y?IեoCY ?U? ??Uբ?nYեnaoU գեnU?Y?I?Y գեnCYեnC AY?aoYU?Y ? NeIaOaoAU?Y a?N?I?UCY I?e?UaoAU?Y: 1945 A. a?UU?Y?գCn IYuiեo ԳեnU?YC?UC Nեi a?niaoAU?Y iեn?բեnU?E: Oեn ?an?U?eA ?e UեI ?UCe UY?o Cn aaeiaoU, anCo Nեia Nn?U?Y եO?i, ? UեI?N?e?IYեne ?an?oniեoCYu ? ?aE??niեoCYu ?n??Y: 1945 A. eեaiեUբեnCY, IaEiYiեe?I?YYեnC AY?N?Yaon AaOaiC ana?U?Uբ` Y??Y?IiեoC IaEii?naaoAU?Y Y?E?գ?N: iYiեeaoAU?Y ??nգ?oU?Y N?U?n CU ?e?cCY գanIA եO?i EUեEao cnC, ?EեIin?I?YaoAU?Y EY?nC EaoIaoUA, IaoEiaon?UC i?Y I?eaooaoUY, ?Y?eY?a?NaoAU?Y ? գUaoO?iYiեeaoAU?Y ??nգ?oU?Y N?noեnA ?n?գ Iեnaai EaoIեEA: ?aOեnA` u?nu?nai, ?O?UCY, ??E?iaO OեeuեnA` բ?Y?IaoU, ana? NaOեn ??N??I?E?I ?CY, UեE?YC??oC?, ?aE??n?I?Y UCcaoYեn aI?UCY, ?UգCYեnA UY?oեE ?CY ?YU??I, ?Ue a?UU?YYեnaoU ?Ai?n ?n I?n? A?U?Y?IaoU iեn?I?YգYեE iYiեeaoAUaoYA: OC ??nu N?noեnai ?CUեoC ??NaoUU?YC e?UaY?I?Y IaUCiեC u?niaoO?nYեn onCei Գ?EeiU?YCY, ??naa ?aiN?YYCeU?YCY: ?O?Yu uInaoգaoU? AYI. oaaCYU?YC Uai: EaoIiեo cnC EaOai?IYեnC, ?aE??n?I?Y UCcaoYեnC ? ?UE UC u?YC N?noեn: IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYA Cn UCcaoYեnai OեeY?nIեo eaiեi??եYCo Uan E?nբեn? EUեEao cnC ?CY?n?naoAUaoYA: EUեEao caonA iեO N?e?i 1955 A., IaoEiaon?UC i?Y ?CY?n?naoAUaoYA ?i?niiեo ? գanI?nIiեo 1960 A., ?aOaoYեnC ? A?OեnC ?EեIin?I?Y EaoUeեnC o?YoA AY??nO?Iiեo, Yan iYIaoUYեn I?i?niեoCY, E?OaOC, aiO?iao ?UգCYեn ? ?UEY: ??iI?aեe Yan A??ai ??nգ?o?i ?Y?eY?a?NaoAUaoYA, IaiեnC u?Y?IA N?U?Eniեo Yan oեO?I?Y ?Y?eaoYYեnai, IaiեnC գEE?u?Y?IA N?e?i 120 գEEC, aa UAեn?UCY Ea?an ?Y?eaoYYեnC գEE?u?Y?IA 300, aaE?nYեnC գEE?u?Y?IA 1500-C, Ea?եnCYA` 600-C, UեOaoYեnC AYi?YCuA 170-C, IaiեnC I?AY?iiaoAUaoYA 2450-E., UeC ?ni??naoAUaoYA 60 i.: ??o?N?iCIC 1 N?. բեnu?iiaoAUaoYA N?e?i 2 i., բ?Yc?nեOեYC 1 N?. UCcCY բեnuA 3,5 i., E?OaOCYA` 7 i., ICn?YC բեnu?iiaoAU?Y UCcCY բեnuA 3 i.: I?OI?ian Eai?բaoUeեnCYA` 7 i.: ??nOn?o?i IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y IaEiYiեe?I?YYեnC ??N?գnգei?IaoAUaoYA: IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y ?n?U?I?Y եI?UaoiA I??Uեo 280000 e.: ?aoA. UC?ianaoUYեnC E?i ??E?i?YuC ?YanNCi iեn?oiեo U?E?nC?Y: Uan IaEiYiեe?I?YYեn AY?aoYiեoCY IaEiYiեeaoAUaoY: Uan-E?nբեn?A 80 iYiեeaoAUaoYCo N?e?i 700 iYiեeaoAU?Y, բY?IaaoAU?Y ACiA N?e?i 3600 ?YaC:

U?????A ????U? O??i??U?U IեYe?գn?I?Y iiU?EYեn O?ni?nU?YYեn AYi?YCuCo, an 1930 A. U?ni ?UeCo ?anaoU ? eaiեi?I?Y ??U?ei?YC O?eCeC ?nc?YC Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YaoU: ?e U???nեA ?CnCYC O?ni?nU?Ye IYiեE եU 1925 A. eaoe?ei?YC In?eYa??nC U?n?C In?eYa??n u?O?uaoU` ?UaoeCe?UCY ?aOaoC ACi 74 i?YA: OեI եOբ?Une? ?iեiCe O?ni?nU?YA, IYiեE ? ?nU?iCn u?O?uaoU, CYaaեe iեnA Y?եoC 1930 Ai?I?YCo ?anaoU եYu Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YaoU: ?Oբ?Une, ?i?niեEai Uan?գ?iCA գUaoOC ?anaoC EnCi UCcY?I?nգ ?anaoA, 1938 A. ?UY A?U?Y?I Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YA aaoYեn i?eY?UU? ?anao, 1939A. ?եIiեUբեnC 22-CY գY?oեE ? I?nUCn բ?Y?I? ?CYian?I?Y a?niuA I?i?nեEao? I?e?UaoAUaoYA aiեnc?on?I, in? եI?i ??UnեY?I?Y UեI a?iեn??UA? U? U?niYaեE ? գեnU?Y?y??Cei?I?Y ??iACaYեnC ?եU, e?I?UY ?aNiեE ? a?iեn??UC ???iaoU` NեnaeC U?Nai ? A?Oi?I ? In?eYa??nC U?n?C եOբ?Un?I?Y գեnե?U?YaoaoU? AaOYեEai Uե? Uaon IU?YuC UեI NaoUeեnA ? Cn UեI OգiaoUYեnA: oaoUnեnCoe UեIA IYiեE ? 1923 A. YaUեUբեnCY, ? CYO?YCo ?aunA? IYiեE ? 1929 A. եnIaoeY ?E In?eYa??n u?O?uaoU: ?N? CU IYaOYեnCe եnInan? ?UaoeYaoAUaoYCo IYi?I 4 եnեE?YեnC I?n? IեYe?գnaoAUaoYA: ?N?nIե, AYAեnoaOCY iaOեne I?n??Eaoo i?nunCY?I IAi? եnInan? ?UaoeYaoAUaoYA, բ?Uo ?i??O, ?n? a?i??eA եOեE ? N?UեnC oեO?ea?YaoAUaoYA ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YaoU?

O?Une? eaYU? ?OaU?YA IYiեE ? 1895 A. ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC E?nբեn?C EaoUEao գUaoOaoU, U?UnA եOեE ? YaoUY E?nբեn?C I?nUCn գUaoOCo, CeI N?UnA բYCI EaoUEaooC: i?ie? I?n?aեiU?Y i?n?եnA, (i?n?CI բ?cC) U?N?oեE ? 1949 A. Uan-E?nբեn?aoU, CeI a?aCe? ?EaU?Y ?aiN?YYեeCY 1895 A. AaonuեnA ea?YեE եY EaoUEao գUaoOA a??ia?YեEao A?U?Y?I? ??Une? ?CnCY U???nեAC O?ni?nU?YA IYiեE ?, 1887 A. eեբ?eiC?UC Y?N?YգC ??e? գUaoO?u?O?uaoU, ?UaoeY?oեE ?, c?n?C A?U?Y?I aoYեoեE ? եnIao an?CYեn, eե?n?I ? o?cCI ?YaoYYեnai, AYi?YCuC Nեi ?aN եY գY?oեE ea?Y?CY, CeI N?Une ?U? A?U?Y?I I?e?UեECe ? եOեE Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IaoU? 1915 A. ??EեE ? Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?ICo, ?YoեE eaoeYեnC IaOUA? Un?Y Aaonu?I?Y գեnCYեnC Nեi a?NեE եY ??uiaoU? 11 ?UCe գեnC UY?Eaoo Nեia ACyECeC N?U?eեn AYIեnYեnA ???iaoU եY գեnaoAUaoYCo, UCcaoYեn i?Eai? aoO?nIaoU eaoe?ei?Y? ?Yaaեe iեnA Y?եoC, գYaoU ? In?eYa??nC եnIn?U?e, aon N?Y?CaեEai? CnեY YU?Y c?n?Co ???ii?I Uane, ?UaoeY?YaoU եnInan? ?Yգ?U, ? IYiaoU եYu UեYu: anu?Y ?E Ean?Y?Yu ?YoU?EC Uեc, U?n?I?UCY a?iUaoAUaoYA aC ?nO?Y?գnեE ?U?aCeC ea?Y?, an ?nեE եY Aaonu բeY?aեiYեnA? ??Une U?N?oեE ? 1969 A. NaoYi?nC 21-CY, ?U? ?nN?iCnuC iI?YեnA ?եe IեY??YC եY? ?U? IYaOYեnCo IYi?I, UեI?oեE եYu eaiեi?I?Y N?e?n?I?nգaoU, ei?oեE եYu բ?i?n?n InAaoAUaoY? 1930 A. UCYa? ?UAU ?anaoU եU Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YaoU: aoYեU UեI iO?? ?Y?n?YCIA ? UեI ?OcCI? i?n?CAեnA: ?nIaoeY ?E ei?oեE եY բ?nOn?գaoUY InAaoAUaoY, ?UaoeY?oեE եY, aoYեU AaeYCIYեn? ?nU?Y ? EC?Y? ?YaoYYեnai? ??E?iaoU եU Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YC O?UCeU?Y UեIC ?Yi?Y IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYaoU, ?iiain?Iian?UCY a?nIaoU` anaեe UեE?YCI? eCnaoU եU Uեn UեI N?UnեYCuA, eCnaoU եU CU ??գA, N?U Eե?aoY, գn?I?YaoAUaoYA, N?U AaOain?C ?e?cAYA?oA, գaN եU CU IU?YuCo:

04.04.1977 A. ԳaoU?O?U?U I???a?i Գ?ia?Գ? ?O I?Ue?Գ?aoAUaoUA ?e IYiեE եU 1916 A.: ??Une E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC OեIIեni u?O?uCo ?n: 1917 A. un?եnA Uե? i?n?Y ?n?YI?, N?YOYեoCY N?UI?I?Y ?i?բCY: ?n?YI?UCo եI?Yu ?n?naoU (I?nCY) 1918 A. eI?բYեnCY, եnբ AaonuեnA in? iiեoCY, UեYu ??E?Yu ?եaC ICnai?I?Y (O?n?uCECe?): ?UYaoNեi? iեO??aEiեoCYu uncaYCICOե: 1919 A. iեn???nO?Yu ??U?e?i?Y, գY?oCYu O?ne: 1920 A. IeCiYեnC A?U?Y?I CYO AaOեoCY ե??e?UEC in?, ?U? A?U?Y?I AaonuեnA եI?Y, գn?iեoCY O?neA ? Uեn e?UE?a?YCY ea?YեoCY: ??U ?CYianYեnA IeiC բeYiեEai Aaonu ?CYianYեnC Nեi? գեnC iեnonեoCY UC ??nu AaonuեnC ? Uե? ???iեoCY: IYaOYեne CYO բեnեoCY ICnai?I?Y: 1925 A. iեO??aEiեoCYu ?n??Y, CeI 1929 A., եnբ E?nբեn?A NCUYiեo, N?Une ? եe iեO??aEiեoCYu Uan-E?nբեn?: ?Oբ?Une 1942 A. ??UnեY?I?Y UեI a?iեn??UaoU ?aNiեo, CeI N?Une ? U?Une U?N?o?Y E?nբեn?aoU: ?e ?E UCYa? NCU? եnIao iO?YեnCe Nեi ?anaoU եU E?nբեn?aoU ? ??E?iaoU եU ?CY?n?naoAU?Y in?, CeI UC A?U?Y?I ??E?iեE եU IaEEa?aoU: ???O O?U?e? ??Ia?U?U ?UoU?I?Ue?Գ?aoAUaoU

?e? ?n?U OCY?eC ??IaբU?Ye` IYiեE եU 1886 A. ?UaoeեYCI գUaoOaoU: ??Une ? Uեn Y?EYCYեnA ?բ?OiեE եY N?o?գanIaoAU?Uբ: ?e aoeaoUe ei?oեE եU ?i?YC ?anaoaoU ? ?UեnCIU?Y uaEեc-i?nA?n?YaoU: ?i?niեEaoo Nեia, ?e?cCY i?nCYեnCY ?բ?OiեE եU ?եn?U?բaoIaoAU?Uբ: ?a? E?YaoA բ?oեoC ? ?բ?OiեoC ?e?inai : 1915 A. c?n?C A?U?Y?I I?e?i?naoAUaoYA ana? ?nNեei?ianYեnC ???i AaOեo, ?U? AiaoU Y?? Uեn AYi?YCuCY: Iaoe?I?EC բ?o?I?UaoAU?Y A?U?Y?I Nane բeYեoCY ao i?n?Y e?nA, ?UnեoCY: ?e UC u?YC N?o?գanI i?naեiYեnC Nեi eIeեoC N?o?գanIaoAU?Uբ ?բ?OiեE: 1916A. ??E? ?եneCU, Nեia ?n?YI?: OC i?nC Nեia գY?oC ?n?naoU: OC OUեe UY?Eaoo Nեia ??E?Yu e?nCO?UC?, Nեia O?n?uCECe?, AբCECeC, N?e?Yu ?nU?iCn: ?nU?iCnaoU U?eY?ianC Uai ??E?iեoC: 1918A. eaCi?IYեnA ??E?Y? ana? գUaoO?oCYեnCo OCեn գaO?Y?Eai: 3 un u?O?uC NeIaOaoAUaoYA I?U?ian եnCi?e?n?YեnC OեeuA եO?i, եe ?E Uեn ?aOaoC EUբC Uեc ?C: 3 un Nեia, 11-n? բ?Y?IA ?i?YaiC OեI?i?naoAU?Uբ IեeunCY Ui?i ?nU?iCn: OC un Nեia եe N?UiYեoC, an U?IaoբaiC գanI?n?YA գn?iեE եU, EY?nեoC, an U?n? aoO?nIեY եO?I ?an?YuYեnA N?YOYեU: ?nU?iCnaoU anaեe բ?Yian ??E?iեoC, Nեia a?Nեei?aեi ? iYiեei?n: 1925A. AY?aoYiեoC IaUaoYCei?I?Y Iaoe?IoaoAU?Y ??nuեnA: ?e anaեe գanIIaUC ?Y??U EY?nեoC Y?E?գ?N I?EuCYCo UC ?anao I?eaooեE եnI?AգIC NUaoeCe?UCY IaOUA, aniեO գ?OA?I?Y N?Uեn ??i I?UCY? U? CU EY?CnuA aUեnAեo, UC ?anaoC ?եYu I?eaooեo 5 ??e?n?YC N?U?n, aY?U?I u?O?uaoU 2 ?anao ? 1 U?YI?a?niե? I?n??U? ?anaoC IaOuA I?eaooեoCY 2 N?nI?YC? U?YI?a?niե?: ?e բ?oC գanI?n?YC ??E?i?YuCo U?Eբ?Y?U?YC ?Yi?Y ?anaoC 9 ? 10-n? ??e?n?YC ???IեniYեnCY u?O?u?գCiaoAUaoY ?C ??e i?ECe, CeI CnCIaoYYեnA YaoUY ?IaoUբaoU anaեe i?nCa ?C ??E?iaoU: ei?YaoU ?C 100 unCY?I «EanNn??UC ??U?ei?Y» AեnA ? onCaYեnC UCcaoai բ?A?YaoU ?C բ?YianYեnCY? ?UY A?U?Y?Ii? «eaUao? aեa?iC» UCcaoai: ?IaoUբCY ICo I?eaooեoC գanգC ?niեE? N?U I?Y?Yo N?U?n: ?e?cCY գanգA E?n?ICaU?YA գanIեo, ei?ECYC YI?nY ?n, ? aoO?nIեoCYu OaeIi?, anCo Nեia AaoUE?inեoCY UC ?ni??n?U?e ?e I??U?IեnaեE? I?IIaoYեnC ?ni??n?U?eA: aեiu ? ?eեE, an ?nU?iCnaoU ??i ?CY ao???naoAUaoY ??nOYaoU ??գ?UCY ?aun?U?eYaoAU?YA: 1931 A. ?aE??niեoC ?n??Y, CYO N?YOY?n?nեoCY ECYեE E?nբեn?C ?CY?n?naoAU?Y OեI?i?nA, UC u?YC ?եYu I?eaooեEaoo Nեia` Uեn NaO?U?eA N?YOYեoCY ?n?n?i inեeiCY, anA eIeեo UեI i?n?IaoAU?Y in? aiO?iao I?eեnC ? E?OaOC U?iեnC iYIaoU I?i?nեE: E?nբեn?aoU ?anao aI?n, եnեE?YեnA A???գUaoO ?CY գYaoU, ??i ?Ai?n ?n? ?e IYace ? eեբեI?UCY EY?nեoC, an ?aunեnC Nեi a?n?aC, ?U? A?U?Y?I O??U?YU?Y OCe?IA ?e?o, an E?nբեn?C O?YaoIA 10000 ?aE?n Ii?IեE ? ?CY E?nբեn?aoU ?anao I?eaooեEao N?U?n: ??n?C a?i??eai ?U? գaoU?nA N?U բ?nեգanI?I?YC Uai ?, եe UC ?CUaoU գnեoC, an ?U? գaoU?nA aoO?nIեY Uan-E?nբեn?aoU ?anao I?eaooեEao, Cn Ya?i?ICY aN?e?i: «??Yian» AեnAaoU UC Na?i?I գnեoC, anai N?caOiեo 7500 ?aE?n ?aE?YoեE AaO. IaU. EanNCY? 1933 A. ?UեnCI?UCo գaoU?n aoO?nIեoCY, 2 N?i U?n??i?n ?iia, anaYoCo UեIA iiCYu cnUaoOC i?nCaCY, anA A???գUaoOCo UCYa? ?anao EUեEao caon ?YoI?onեo, UUaoeA iiեoCYu ?Eo?YoCY, an ?UY A?U?Y?Ii? ?եYuեnC EaoUeY ?YoI?onեo: ?e ?բ?OiեoC ?եYuեn I?eaooեEai: 1935A. eaiEa?A EaoI?nuC եYA?nIiեo: O?U?nEaoC e?UIaUA CYO N?YOY?n?nեo IaEEa? I??U?IեnaեE: 2 i?nC եO? IaEEa?C Y?E?գ?N:Un?YCo Nեia? ?i?Y?UCY eaiEa?C Y?E?գ?N: 1935A., եnբ un?YeC?UCo E?nբեn?oCYեn եI?Y, եe AYIեn OCIaU?YCo EY?nեoC, an an?? գanI?n?Y I?eaooեE: U? I?nգ??nեo U?Yi?Iu?UCY գanI?n?Y I?eaooեYu: OC u?YC i?nC ?i?Y?UCY eaiեiC Y?E?գ?N եO?, anCo Nեia գanI?n?YaoU? NeICa: 1925A.` CU ?CUaoUC NCU?Y in?, CYO AY?aoYեoCY a?niC?UC ??nuեnA: ?UAU aեU ??E?iaoU ,ei?YaoU եU ?YN?i?I?Y Aa??I, anA CYO EnCi ?a?NaiaoU ?:

13.09.1977A. ???O Aa??IU?U ?O IU?Uo? u??Գ??A ?anaoU ?CYu E?O?O: ?ane Nեi N???E գYaoU ?CYu Uե? I?YaA գUaoOեnY ao u?O?uYեnA? Ea??n, EU?EC?, OեIIեni, Eao?CY, ?aOե, AC?: ??Une CYO ??i ?n eCnaoU, aon գY?n CYO Cn Nեi Ii?Yեn: 1914A. Uեn i?Y ?Y??UYեnY ?CY N?Une? O?YaoI AanCIU?YA, U?Une? O?nC?U i?n??YU?YA, uaoUne? aeICY? ?UaoeY?o?I ?n EaoUEեoC iCգn?Y ??neեOU?YC Nեi, UեI եOբ?Une ? ???iCI,??Iaբ, ?aiN?YYեe, E?aY, ?n?U ? ?nUեYA: ???iCI եOբ?Une ?UaoeY?o?I ?n Eao?Y? O?e?UեYo ?OcI?` EaoeCYC Nեi: ?anեOբ?Une Cn iO? U???nեAC Nեi ?UեnCI? ?CY գY?oեE, CeI ICYA? EaoeC?Y, iO?Y? ??naoAUaoYA ? ?OcCIA? ?n?ueCIA Uե? Uai IUY?UCY: aon?E IU?YuA ?aEiեo: 1914 A. NaoYCeCY N?Une ? Uեn գUaoOCo E?a?iaon O?niaU?YA, OOeao ?բn?N?UA, NanեOբ?Une? i?n??YA, aaOaeA, ?YaYo Nեi ??i-??iեnCY N?i?uեoCY, i?n?Y: ?UեY un IեIaoU ?CY, ?եYu ?CY ao?aoU: ?aEanCY ?E ea?YեoCY գ???Y?բ?n:

1915 A. ?anCECY eIe?i AaonuեnC ? un?եnC N?nO?IaoUYեnA N?UեnC in?: ?UեY un IaianaoU, A?E?YaoU, ea?YaoAUaoYYեn ?CY ?YaoU: ?nբ NեnAA Uեn գUaoOCY N?e?i` UեYu UC Iեna ??E?Yu Eao?C, aon uaon? ?O?Yեn I?UCY: OեYu գY?oCYu O?Uao? ?O?UC iaoYA, ?UYiեO UY?oCYu 15 un, ?YICo Nեia գY?oCYu oեnCY ?Un??iեYo iaoYA: ?UYiեO ?iեEC i?i ?n, բaEan գUaoOեnCo N?i?uեE ?CY iO?U?n?I?Yo ? eai?U?N a?NaoU ?CY: ?Oբ?Une? ???iCIY ?E Yn?Yo UեIY ?n, եe ?E un?I?Y aoiեECu ?C i?YaoU Yn?Y: OեI ?E գY?oC iեe?, an բaEanCY ?E i?n?I եY A??բեn? ? ?UYiեO բaEanCY ?E ea?YեoCY: ?e ? U?Une ?բգ?nC ao ?nUեYC Nեi եI?Yu Eao?CY: Eao?CY? AaOain?C IU?YuY ?E ii?Yգ?ian ?n, I?Y?Yo, U?YaoIYեnCY ? IեnեnCY i?YaoU ?CY OanեnaoU, ???iեnaoU, գեiեnC ??եnCY ea?YaoU: O?Une CYO i?n?i Eao?Y? O?On?Y, aon Uեn գUaoOCo UեI AYi?YCu 1895A. Anu?oեE ?n: ?e NaY UY?oC, U?Une YanCo ??nO?i Eao?CY: OC u?YC un Nեia i?nCY, բaEanCY ?E ea?YեoCY: ?UեY iեO IaianaoU, ea?YaoAUaoYYեn IECYեn: O?YaoIYեnA UY?oեE ?CY ?Ya??ia?Y, ??iեnA CnեYo եnեE?YեnCY a?CY I?naO?YaoU CnեYo Nեi i?YեE, գnIեE I?U ?E C iC??IC a?CY u?UEեoYեEao, ?n? N?U?n ?E AaOYaoU ?CY OanեnaoY Uեc, ai եi IUY?n, eiCYai I?U ?եYuai Iea?YեCY: ana? U?n?CI oanեYao Uեc A?uYi?I ?CY: oanեYYեnA Ii?eեCY, anaեe?C ?aone գ?Y oanեYYեnC UեcCo: ?UգCYեnC, OanեnC Uեc U?n?I?UCY ?C?IYեn ?CY: ?n?C i?I ?C?IYեnA NaiaoU ?CY: Oan?I գUaoOC E?UuC N?UեnCY բեn?I ?CY Uեn գUaoOC ?UգCYեnC Uեc Iea?YեCY: ?anեOբane? OIniCaC AAեYCYեnC i?I ea?YեoCY Uai 120 Naգao: ?e an գUaoOaoU ?C, ?U? un?ao A?E?Y?I ?Y?eaoYYեnA ???i ?C i?YaoU ? ?UYiեO iեeYaoU ?C, Aե CYaaեe ?CY ea?YaoU U?n?I?Yo` I?oYai ? եnեIaU?Y գ?ECe N?i?uaoU ?CY, CeI Nեia Cn?nao a?iUaoU ?CY, Aե ai CYaaեe ? ea?YեE ? ?U?aեe UեIA UUaoeCY a?iUեEai aon?E?YaoU ?CY: Eao?Y?UC iեn e?nգCe ??uaU?YCY AE?բեn? գեiC Uai OCao եi?Co u?? i?Eai ea?YեoCY, CeI Cn IYacA Eao?Y? ?UգCYեnao Uեc ?auեnA N?YեoCY, InIuեnA IinեoCY ? ?U?aեe ea?YեoCY: ?U? iեOA Uեn գUaoOCY Uai ?n, եe ?UեY un ?YoYեEai iեeYaoU ?C Yn? ?C?IA aonC? ?C?IYեnC Nեi UC?eCY: ?U? ?C?IYեnA ?UYu?Y UY?oCY, UCYa? an NaiեoCY:

AaonuեnC A?E?YA եnI?n ai?եo: Un?Yu OUe?Y U?eCY a?CY Ui?IեE: in? N?e?i OUեeA: oanեYA a?CY N?i?uեE, a???n aaoYեCY, aa aoiեECu, aa ?E i?eեECu ?CY բեnaoU: ??UեnC iYեnA u?Y?aoU ?CY ? CnեYo N?U?n i?eեECu ?CY eiեOIaoU: e?I?UY aoiեECu aI?n, ??iեnA eai?U?N ?CY ECYaoU: in? եI?i 1916A.? ?եneCUC un?եnA UC?o?Y N?UեnaoY ? eIeեoCY i?eեE AaonuեnC iYեnA, I?e?i?n?I?Y ?եYuեnA: AaonuեnA ??E?Y E?nբեn?, ?Yo?Y oեnCY? գեiC UUaoe ??A` E?U?EC: ?Oբ?UnYեnCe? ???IaբCY ? ?aiN?YYեeCY NեiեnYեnCY i?n?I ?CY E?U?EC գUaoOA: ?nբ Anu?I?Y ?anuեnA եI?Y, un?եnA ??E?Y ?եaC ?եneCU: Aaonu ?anuեnA գn?iեoCY CnեYo Y?EICY ?CnuեnA, ?U? A?U?Y?I un?եnCo UC u?YC 100 NaգC գեnC iեnoiեoCY ? I?EեoCY: ?e ?E CYO a?NaO un?C AYi?YCuC Nեi UC?eCY գY?oCYu O?YCI գUaoOA: ?UYiեO UC u?YC ?UCe Nեia CYO i?YaO uaon?A ??nO?i YanCo Uեn գUaoOA, բ?Uo ?U?iեO UC aonC? uaon? UA I?n, Y? CYO aAaOեo, an եe Nեi գ?UC? ?U? uaon?A ??i aoAեO U?n? ?n: 3 ?UCe Nեia ?aE??niեoCYu E?Uu գUaoOA: OUեe ?n, un?I?Y գYaoU ?C ?Yi?eCo o?E ?C բեnaoU i?eեEao N?U?n, i?eեECu aI?n, aoiեECu ?E aI?n, unեnai բ?Y a?CYu aoiaoU: ?U? un?C Uai UC N?U ICY I?n: U? CYO գ?OiYC Ae?i, an uaon?A uե?C aեiu ? ea?YC, ??EC գEEC? ??n ?n?, u?YC ?aoi ?: ?e YaoUY գC?եnA ??E? ? եI? Uեn գUaoOA eEaUC Uai: eEaY CYO a?NaO uaon?Y ?n:U? CYO Ae?i, an Eao?CY գUaoO գY?, ua եOբ?Un?? ??IaբA ??O?C? գUaoOA IUY?? O?NUao? ?O?UC Uai: U? i?OA aCiC գY? Eao?CY, ?UYiեO uե? aC InY?n գiYեE: UaoUY գC?եnA եI? Eao?CY: ?U? գC?եnA uaoUne ?E եI?I ?n ??O?C? գUaoOCo: ?Yan Nեi գY?oC ??O?C?, ?e?iai N?e?Yu գUaoO: O?Uao? ?O?Y, anA ??i E?i I?YaA ?n Nane, Ae?i, an եe uե? Ia?NեU, ? եe UY?oC եOբane Nեi: ?Oբ?Une CYO a?iUեo, an Uane, E?aYCY, ?բգ?nCY ? ?nUեYCY ea?YեE եY, CeI ?aiN?YYեe եOբ?Une ?եn??I գUaoOC բ?YiY ?: U? ?e?o, an un?I?Y IեIaoU եY ?եYuեnC iեOY եY ao?aoU CU?Y?E? Oai եnIao ?UCe Y? բ?YiA UY?o: OC գC?եn եOբ?Une iեeYեEai, an բ?YiC a?N?IA I?YգY?I iեOA YYcaoU ?, N?nO?IiaoU ? Yn? in? ? ea?YaoU: ?եYuA OեeuCo iեnoYaoU ? ao բ?Yi?nIU?EYեnCY ?eaoU ?? ?UեY UեIA AaO Cn գEEC ??nA iեeYC: ?Oբ?Une? ?aiN?YYեeA բ?YiCo ??EYեEai գYaoU ? A?uYiaoU ?Yi?eYեnaoY Uեc: ?e?iai iեeYaoU ?, an UC Aaonu ?euU?n? OCao in? Yei?I, եnIao N?U եnCi?e?n?YեnC ? բեnaoU OanC Uեc, in?UC ?anեnA N?YեE ? i?iեE, ?եYuA u??եE ?, an ea?YC Yn?Yo: ?aiN?YYեeA I?eC i?ICo ?եYuai ea?YaoU ? Aaonu ?euU?nCY: OaiեYaoU ? N?U iO?YեnCY ? ?eaoU. - OեYu եnեu NaգC եYu, եnIao ?եYu ? UեI OC aoYեYu, եIեu գY?Yu ?YoYեYu eaoe?ei?Y?

Un?Yu եnIaoeY ?E Nn?A?niaoU եY: ?Oբ?Une? ?aiN?YYեeA եnIao ?Yգ?U ao?aoU ? ?YoYեE eaoe?I?Y e?NU?YA, բ?Uo aC N?caOiեn: ?e ao եOբ?Une? ??IaբA AaOCYu ??O?C? գUaoOA, եI?Yu E?nբեn?, գY?oCYu ?aoeեYCI գUaoOA: ??Iaբ եOբ?Une UեI ?n, ?YUCc?aեe գanIC ?Yo?i AaonuC Uai anaեe uaon?, եe ?E oanեIA գUaoOaoU ?C UYaoU, CeI գC?եnA գYaoU ?C եOբane Uai, an ?UգCYեnA a?N?I ?n? OC un ?E բեn?C Uեc U?Y ?C գ?ECe, UեI ?E iեe?, an եOբ?Une ?aiN?YYեeA? I?nUCn OCao in? Yei?I, Nn?o?YA aoeCY գo?I Uaiեo?i ?Yo?i ? CYOC UC Ean N?U?ou գoեo: ?e եI? եOբane a?iUեoC, an ?aiN?YYեe եOբane iեe?, եOբ?Une ??IaբA ICI?Oեo ? CYO N?no iiեo? C՛Ya Ae?i uե?? ?e ?e?oC CYO Nեi aC Eaeեo: ?nIao un Nեia AaonuA գC?եnai եI?i ?UգCYեnA eiaoգեEao, iեe?i, an եOբane Uai Yei?I եU, N?noaoo. - a՞i ? ?Ue գU?iaonC iO?Y, an uai? եe բեnեE, UեI ?E aiեeYեU?

?Oբ?Une O?UY aN?Yեo, եe ?YUCc?aեe ?U?iեOCo Nեe?o?: ԳY?oC E?OaOC UaiեnC i?I A?uYiեo?: ?e?iai գY?oC ?aoeեYCI գUaoOA, ?UYiեO N?U I?Y?Uu I?UCY, CYO AeCY, an uaoUn?? aeICY ? Nan?uaoUn ?aoi?nA ԳեOi?Yu գUaoOY եY: O?Y?a?nN AYI?, ao? A?U?Y?I ?n, UaoAY AYI?i? ??e? եOեuC գUaoOA, AAC I?eC i?I uYեoC, E?i NaգY?I ?C, UեI ?E ?nAY?o? iեe?, an UC N?U ICY ? UC ?aun iO? I?YգY?I եY IaOue: ?nբ եe YeiեoC, N?nonCY? N?՞U եe, գEEai N?eI?onեoC, an N?U եU: ??U ICYA A?e Ui?i ? CYO i?n?i Cn iaoYA, anA ??i Uai ?n: U? CYO E?i Iեn?Inեo ao N?nonեo? aniեOC՞o եe, ao՞n Iao?եe գY?E, եAե iեO aaoYեe գY?Eao, եe uե? Ia?NեU? ?e ?e?oC, an Iao?եU ԳեOi?Yu գUaoOA գY?U, EeեE եU, an uaoUne ?UYiեO ?: U? CYO i?n?i ??Y?a?nNA oaoUo iiեo ? Cn?nUե բ?A?Yiեo?Yu: O?Y?a?nNA բ?i?I?Y եnI?n ?n, եnեIaU?Y ao? N?e? գUaoO: OC AaonuC N?Y?Caեo? ? ?eեoC, Aե an UեIC iaoYY եU ao?aoU?U? CYO i?n?i iaoYA oaoUo iiեo ao եi ??nO?i: oaoUne ? Nan?uaoUne Cn եnեu ?OcCIYեnC? ??UI?Yao?A, o?UECIA ? ?eAեnA CYO a??Y?aեoCY, բ?i?I?Y EaeեEaoo Nեia a?n?iեo, Aե եe ai եU, a?iUեoC, an եOբ?Une` ??IaբA ?aoeեYCI գUaoOaoU ?? ?nIao un Nեia ??IA?OեYo ?aoeեYC Nեi EaeեoCY, an եOբane? ??IaբCY բեnեYu Cn Uai ??E?iեEao, ?Y ?E Eaei?o?i, an a?NC ? UեYu ?n?եY ana?եoCYu գY?E եOբane ??EoYեE, բեnեE: ?e, uaoUne? aeICY, ? Nan?uaoUne` ?aoN?nA գY?oCYu N?e?Yu ?aoeեYCI: U?E եe UեY?I գY?oC, եOբane I?YaեoC, եI?i? ?nեuaie E?o ao ?noaoYuYեnai a?CYu InY?n Cn?nUե բ?A?YiեE: iեnc?aեe եOբ?Une Eaeu ii?i, an Iգ?: I?n? A?U?Y?Iai AaOCYu-Nեe?o?Yu, եI?Yu N?e?Yu գUaoO? ԳեOi?Yu:

???Ci UեI A?U ?n, an եI?I ?CYu, UեI ?E Nan?uaoUne ?aone I?YaեoCY? ?U?o?Yu, an եOբane ?O?Y եI?I ?: ?Oբ?Une ?YUCc?aեe ??E?i, եnբ AaonuA Uե? ea?eY?o, եOբ?Une եi եI?i Ae?i, եAե CYO բ?Y aեe ?eեn, եe Iaoգ?U: AaonuA ao եOբ?Une? ???IaբA NaOե ??Y?a?nNai գY?oCY ?aoeեYCI: O?Y?a?nNCY OCY ?eaoY ?YoYեEao A?U?Y?I o?iIaoU ?, AaonuA OCaoo i?n ? AYIYaoU, եOբ?Une ?E ?eCACo uգiiեEai ?եYuA iեnoYaoU ? ? AaonuCY ea?YaoU ?, YeiaoU գYaoU ? ?aUե գUaoOA? OC եnIao ?UeCo գYaoU ? i?nC ?OYoCI գUaoOC OaE?UC Uai, ??E?iaoU ? anaեe Aaonu: OեYu Nեia EeեoCYu, an ?U? AaonuA ea?Yi?I ?: ?an?uaoUne գY?o CnեYo ?aOե գUaoOA, եe ? uaoUne UY?oCYu ?U?iեO UեI ?E CU?o?Yu, an ?եe?e, unace ?UaoeCYA? iCգn?Y ??neեOU?YA, U?n? ? aoO?nIեn, an Uե? i?YC Cn Uai: ?U? U?n?A եI?i ? Uե? i?n?i Cn Uai` ??UncC: ?e eIeեoC ??E?iեE, uaoUne ?E ??UnaC OaE?UC iaoYY ?n: ?e ? ?եe?e UC iեO ?CYu ??E?iaoU, ?YaoYai U?n? ?n ?U? ?i???I?aեiA: Գ?naoY եI?i, CYO aoO?nIեo aaE?nYեn a?NեEao ?aoeYaU?Y O???nC Nեi: ?aoECeC 15 ?UaoeYCY եI?i, O???nCY Ae?i, an ?n?UA AaO aaE?nYեnCY a?NC, ?aoY ?E ?nC գY?Yu գUaoO: ?nեYu գY?oCY, եe ?E e?nA UY?oC, ?U? unA գ?UEեnA եI?Y ? 7 N?i aaE?n EեO?եoCY, Iեn?Y? Oaie aa Nn?o?Y I?n, aa ?E ?aoY: ?nեIaU?Y O???nA եI?i ? Yn?Y a?iUեoC եOեEaoAUaoYA, ?e?iaiU?Y ?E ?aoeYCY եI?i, Yn?Y ?E a?iUեoC: U? CYO IեIեo, ? եe ??E? ?Yi?eC Uեc, UY?oC iեo un? oեe?e ao uaoUne գY?oCY oեnCY, aon N???E ?n գ?ECe ?UեnCI?oC OeinCIeY ? ?aIian aoanOA: Un?Y Ae?I ?CY, an ?aoeYCY ?n?UCY ea?Y?I ?, ?YaYu ?E ?YUCc?aեe եI?I ?CY, ?aoeYCY I?a?I ?CY ? Ae?I ?CY? 24 A?U A?UIեi եYu i?ECe, an CYO գiYC, եAե CYO aգiYեn, CnեY Ia?iAեCY: ?Ue EeեEai? եe YanCo գY?oC ?Yi?e, aon iեe? եnIao ?UY գ?UEեn, an ?եaC CYO ?CY գ?ECe, ? եe բ?nOn?o? I?eC in?? Գ?UEեnA եI?Y, ?U? YaoUY I?eC i?I UY?oCY ?UբaOc unA? UCYa? գC?եnA: ?e?iaiU?Y N??Ci I?գ?I ?n ?n?A, եnբ եe I?eC in?UCo YI?iեoC UC OC?ianC, Yn?Y I?YaեoC un?եnեY Eե?iai: O?UYe EeեEai? ?եaC CYO եI?i, գ?UEեnA ??E?Y: OC?ianA CYO ??Y?aեo ? Ae?i, an գUaoOaoU uե? U?Y եY գ?ECe? ?e ?E AeC, an UեI ??բ?A ? ?Ue I?eC in? եU: U? CYO Yeiեonեo OCao in? ? բեn?i գUaoO` ??UnaC: ?nբ եe եI? գUaoO, iեe? ?O?UCY, Y? CYO ?e?i, an uaoUn? ? ?եe?? ?aOե գUaoOC Uai oanեY եY u?OaoU, եe ?E գY?oC ?YaYo Uai: ?nբ CYO բaEan NYOianYեnA iեe?Y, eIeեoCY N?noYեE, Aե a՞on ?Cn ? եe a?iUեoC եOեEaoAUaoYA: OC u?YC A?U Nեia ?UեnCI?oCY եI?i ? iեe?i CYO: ?YO բեnCY E?nբեn? ? iiCY anբ?Yao? iեnCY O??n?Y, եe ?UYiեO UY?oC: Գ?nY?YA uեeCe? ԳnCգanA, գY?oեE ?n i?nC ?OYeCI գUaoOA: ?UYiեO iեe?I ?n եOբane ??IaբCY: ?i CYO N?UiYեo, an եOբ?Un? i?nC ?OYeCI գUaoOaoUY ?: ?U ??UnaCo գ?Eaoo Nեia uaoUne ? ?եe?e եIեE ?CY E?nբեn?, գY?oեE ?CY ?YAC? գUaoOA: OեYu ?E ?UեY ICn?IC գYaoU ?CYu բaOau?I?YYեnC եIեOեoCY (AaOai?n?Y), ?UYiեO I?n?aoU ?CY Y?U?I aoYեoaOYեnC ?YaoYYեnA? OC un I?n??oCY, an ?UեnCI?UCo NanեOբ?Une? OIniCa AanCIU?YA, I?Yinե ?n?U AanCIU?YCY: U?Eu?Y ?U? OeinCueA գn?I ?n, an ?n?U AanCIU?YA aOc ?: ?anեOբ?Une 25 aeIC OnI?I ?n ? գn?I ?n, an ?aiN?YYեe եOբ?Un? ICECIC? N?UI?I?Y I?U?ianYեnC Nեi IeiaoU ? AaonuեnC ?եU: AaOai?n?YC Uեc գiYiaO U?n?CI ao???naoAU?Uբ Y?UaoU ?CY CYO, եe ?YUCc?aեe anayեean I?n?aեi Oao?եOU?YCo AaoUE?inaoAUaoY iեnonC, գY?oC գUaoOA, unace N?UiYեoC, an Y?U?I ?eC: OեI ?UCe Nեia YanCo գY?oC i?nC ?OYeCI? եOբane ??IaբC Uai, anA oanեY ?n I?EeaoU? ?եeiCo Y?U?nեoC եOբane, Y?E գY?oC aonC? I?UC in?, Nեia ao? A?U?Y?I եI? եOբane Uai? ?U? A?U?Y?I ?O?Y Cn Uai ?n, ?eC, an IAaOYեu CYO Oեn I?UY ?E I?EeեU, Yn?Yu aon?E?o?Y? eIeեoC I?EeեE UCYa? ao? A?U?Y?I: ?nեIaU?Y ?n?եY UaoA ?n, ?O?Y CYO Ae?i, ao՞n եe գY?Eao ?Ue UACY, եe ?E a?i?eE?YեoC? IaUu գUaoOA? ?O?Y Ae?i? NCU? UaoA ?, UY? ?UeiեO, i?O ?e?iaiU?Y գY?: ?O?Y եOբane aoO?nIեo CYO N?U?n aoiեECu բեnեEao, UեYu UC?eCY Iեn?Yu, eIeեoCYu EaeեE UեI N?UեnեY, UեI ?E un?եnեY: ?UեY CYa a?iUեoC ?aiN?YYեe եOբane U?eCY: ԳC?եni? Uեn Eae?IoaoAUaoYA UC uaon? EeեE ?n: ?e?iaiU?Y եe եI? E?nբեn?, NaoYi?nC 1-C N?U?n Uե? AaoUE?inեoCY, an ai բ?nեI?U aoYC, եnեu unai գY? Cn բ?nեI?UYեnC Uai: ?e ?E գY?oC եOբane Uai? ?nբ եe Uaiեo? եOբane ?O?UC i?YA, iեe?, an OCեn եY u?aoU, ?NaE եY ??nIaoU, ?aoeY? եY ?aaoU? ?e CnեYo ?eYեnC ?ec?ai ?Yo?, Yn?Yu CYO ??Y?aեoCY ? բO?iեoCY «գU?iaon»? ?U? EeեEai եe ??E?, OCեnai CYO բeYեoCY, ao?եoCY ea?YեE? ?Oբ?Une EY?nեo, an CYO բ?Y a?YեY: Un?Yu CYO բեnCY գUaoO? եOբane ?O?UC Uai: ?eCY? եOբ?Un? ?, CeI եe ?e?oC? aa: ?O?Y Nn?U?Uեo, anaեe?C Yn?Yu CYO ea?YեY: ?Oբ?Une ?O?UCY ?e?o, an եe Cn եOբ?UnY եU:

?e?iai ?n, եe եI? anբ?Yao, եOբane ?E ?CY բեnեE, an I?EեY, Yn? Uai UC u?YC ?nI?Aե ?n?UYեn I?UCY? U? i?ECe ? a?N?ICY, an CnեY ???iC բ?YiCo, a?N?IA a?iaoN?YCo Yn?Y CcեoYaoU ? Aaonu?I?Y ?an?YaoC Uեc: ?e?iaiU?Y, եnբ ?YaoYYեnA I?n?aoU եY, Yn? ?YaoYY ?E եY I?n?aoU, CnեYo Nn?U?Y?i?nA iեeYեEai, an N?գaoei aaoYC, N?noYaoU ? ? a՞i ? ?Ue U?n?A? Un?Y a?i?eE?YaoU եY? ?Ueu?Y ??Eei?I?YYեn I?Y, CYuY ?E I?U?ian ?, եIեE ? NaoUYեnC ?եU IeiեEao? ?եYu ? ?CYian?I?Y N?գaoeiYեn i?Eai UեIYaoU եY ??I?i: aoAեO ??I?i?U?niեn iեOC aoYեo?Y, ?U? U?niեnC A?U?Y?I եOբ?Une? ??IaբA, ana?եE ? ?YoYեE NaoUYեnC IaOUA: ?aoUYեnA, եnբ N?nO?IU?Y ?Yo?Y, AaonuեnA եi Y?N?YcեoCY: ?U? A?U?Y?I եOբ?Une uգiiեEai ?eCACo, A?uYiեE ? U?o?eYեnC Uեc, եnբ AaonuեnA Nեe?oեE եY, եOբ?Une եEYaoU ? iեOCo ? iեeYaoU ?, an NaoUY ?CYianYեnA CnեY ?nc?a?iեE եY: ?Oբ?Une ?U? A?U?Y?I ?eaoU ?, an CYuA N?U ?: ?nեY N?no?uYYaoU եY: ??no?uYYեEaoo Nեia Yn?Y ???iaoU եY ao ?eaoU? ao՞n եe ao?aoU գY?E. -?e ao?aoU եU Oեn Nեi UC?eCY IeiեE AaonuեnC ?եU:

?aoUYեnC Nեi IeiaO եnIao U?եoCYեn I?UCY? e?nգCe OECA?nU?Y ? Oaon?? ?O?cU?YA, Yn?Yu եn??E?ianaoU եY, an N?U ?, AaO գ? Uե? Nեi, UեYu a?i?eE?Y?iao եYu Yn? N?U?n: ?i եOբ?Une Yn?Yo Nեi eIeaoU ? IeiեE: o?iau NaoUYեnA aI?naO?Y?Eai ?CU??nեE AaonuեnCY? եi Y?N?YcեoCY: ?O?բ?Une ?E Yn?Yo Nեi UC?eCY IeiեEai? գY?o ?aoY?ei?Y: ?aoY?I?Y a?iեn??UC գեnCYեnY UCYa? E?nբեn?, O?E?AC? բեnCY: Un?Yo Uեc N?Uեn ?E I?UCY: ?U? գեnCYեnA ??i i?i a?UU?YYեnaoU ?CY գiYiaoU: Un?YoCo un?I?Y U?N?YaoU ?CY 10-Co 20 U?n?: ?nբ UեYu anբ?YaoaoU ?CYu, գC?եnai գYaoU ?CYu գեnCYեnC Uai, Yn?Yo ??EoYaoU i?YaoU ?CYu iCICY ?naoeU?IC iaoYA, ?UYiեOCo aoO?nIaoU ?CYu ?եaC ??Eեa: ?Ue գanIC Uեc UեI ?եn E?O?o ?n?n?i aaOaeU?YA, anA ??Y?a?nNYեnCY E?i I?YaA ?n ? I?YaA ?n un?եnCY:

1922A. ?UեnCI?oCYեnA E?nբեn?C anբ?YaoA iեO??aEեoCY ??Eեa: iO?YեnA OCեnai, O?E?AC?UC ??Y?a?nNai գYaoU ?CY ??Eեa, CeI ?OcCIYեnA I?euեnai iCգn?Y?IեniC ??Y?a?nNai: OեYu? iO?Yեne, ?Ai?nCY a?UU?YYեnaoU գY?oCYu O?E?AC?, ?եaC ?UYiեOCo ?E ??Eեa: ?aEan AեnAեnA գnեoCY, an ??i N?Uեn եIեE եY ??EեaCo: a?naY ?e?uեEA ?n?Yo ?YaoYYեnA i?ECe ?n AեnACY ? եIեOեoCYեnCY, anaեe?C CnեYo N?n???iYեnCY գiYեY: OեYu եI?Yu ECբ?Y?Y? ?եUnaoA, եnեu ?UCe UY?oCYu ?YACEC?e A?O?U?eA, ?UYiեOCo Nեia 1500 iO?Yեn ? 1000 ?E ?OcCIYեn Y?iai UեIYեoCYu aaECe: O?Y?a?nNCY IaiC in? ?EեIaIaoAUaoY եO?i, e?ne??aoU ?CYu, U?Y?i?Y? an ?e?cCY ?Yգ?U ?CYu Y?i YeiaoU: ?nբ N?e?Yu aaECe, բaEan N?U AեnAեnaoU գni?I ?n, an Y?iA Eani?Ii?I ?: Oե? I?n?YiCY?UC i?I aAaOեoCY: Oե? i?n?Y oUao?EC A?O?U?e, ?YICo Nեia բ?A?YեoCY i?nբեn iեOեn: ?YO, ?e?iaon aaOaeU?YCY, 150 Naգao i?n?Y ?ե?CIA??? ?nբ UեYu U?n?iaoU ?CYu Aaonu A?գ?ianC a?E?iC Uai, AaonuեnY ?eaoU ?CY, an i?OA en?Yu CYaեn I??eY?Y: Oեn U?n?CaY ?n a?naY O?YգaY: U? ??i N?U?eեn ?n: U? Uե? a?iUaoU ?n ?Y?n?YCIC, eեnaբ o???UC, Գ?anգ a?ao?C U?eCY: OեYu ??i eCnai EeaoU ?CYu Yn? EanNaon?YեnA: ?U? A?U?Y?I AaonuCa oեU?E ????Y Ui?i aaECe: ?UեnCI?oCYեnA Uե? i?n?Y ?aoY?ei?Y: U?E ?AեYu u?O?uA: OեI iO?YեnCY ?CYian?I?Y բեn?A AaOեoCY, UեYu ?E ?aE??iեoCYu I?Ueեn a?E?iA: OUe?YA NaY UY?oCYu: OC գC?եn e?eiCI OUaoY եI?i ?U?iեO: 25 i?nC ?n OUaoY a?n եIեE: ?aoUYեnA Uեn գ?Eao I?a?IoaoAU?Uբ ??i ?CY aon?E?oեE: ?aoUYեnA o?YI?YaoU ?CY, anaեe?C N?U iO?YեnA ?UaoeY?Y?Y CnեYo ?OcCIYեnC Nեi: ??U Ui?ian?I?YYեnA ?nգեEu N?Y?Ce?o?Y: Գ?nY?YA UեI iO?YեnCY բ?A?YեoCY գUaoOեnC in?: ?e գY?oC eCn? IO?CY, ?UYiեO Uեn aoAեnai I?eaooեoCYu 3 ?եYuեn? UեI ?anao, UեI ?եYu ?OcCIYեnC N?U?n, UUaoeY ?E iO?YեnC N?U?n: Oեn iYunեYA I?n?aեi E?YCIU?YY ?n, anA ??i N?UnեY?eեn ?n: Oեn ??e?iaoYYեnY ?CY OIniCa ?եUCn?U?YA, i?Nn?U ԳUaucU?YA, I?n?aեi a?ECIU?YA, ?n?U E?n?CIU?YA ? E?aY ?eեaU?YA: ?nբ եe եI? eCn? IO?CY, NanեOբ?Une? OIniCa AanCIU?YA, CYOC Y?U?I ?n aoO?nIեE ?UեnCI?UCo: 25 ?aE?n ?E ?aO: U?U?IaoU գni?I ?n, an եOբ?Un?? ??IaբA, ?aoY?ei?YC ????O?c գUaoOY ? UYaoU: ?e ? եOբ?Une eIeեoCYu Y?U?I?IoեE: ?եia եe anբ?YaoCo ?aone եI? ? գY?oC ?AեYu: eIeեoCYu UC?eCY ??E?iեE ?UեnCIU?Y, ?YգEC?I?Y AYIեnaoAU?Y Uեc: ?Oբ?Une? ??IaբA, ?UaoeY?o?i O?եoC E?aY IaeaU?YC ?OcI?? O?nCC Nեi: 1929A. eեaiեUբեnC 24-CY եOբ?Une ? ICYA գY?oCY un?YeC?: 1929A. ?եIYեUբեnC 24-CY եe ?E գY?oC un?YeC?? եOբane Uai: ?anaoU ?CYu UC?eCY: 1934A. եe ? E?aY OCECiaeU?YA, ?բգ?n UanaU?YA I??U?IեnaեoCYu եnCi?e?n??I?Y UCaoAUaoY: ?e եnI?n A?U?Y?I ??E?iեoC un?YeC?UaoU? գUaoO?iYiեeaoAU?Y Uեc? եOբane Nեi UC?eCY: 1936A. CYO Nn?iCnեoCY yaoiբaEC ACUC Uեc E?O?Eao: ?e E?O?oC UCYa? 1940A.: 1939A. 2-n? N?U??E?n?UCY a?iեn??UA I?գեo: 1940A. NaoYCeCY գեnU?Y?oCYեnA գn?iեoCY ?UբaOc un?YeC?Y: 1943A. գեU?Y?oCYեnA CYO գեnC i?n?Y ԳեnU?YC?UC ??Uբaonգ u?O?uA: ?UYiեO I?YaA?o? a?naY ??UI AaonuU?YC Nեi: U? ??i N?UnեY?eեn U?n? ?n: OեYu ??i i?i a?UU?YYեnC Uեc ?CYu: ?e Y?U?I գnեoC a?naY ??UI AaonuU?YCY? Uեn N?UեnC iC??IC U?eCY? OեYu aa UC uգYaoAUaoY a?CYu ei?YaoU an?? iեOCo, CeI ?UE ??գեnA uգYaoAUaoY ?CY ei?YaoU ?iեo?nC?UC I?nUCn E?aCo: AaonuU?YC uգYaoAU?Uբ UեYu ?E ei?o?Yu: ?nբ a?iեn??UA iեnc?o?i un?YeC?I?Y ?եEեI?iYեnA եI?Y, Uե? un?YeC? բեnCY: ??i E?i Naգ?i?naoAU?Uբ AY?aoYեoCY Uե?: ԳեnCYեnCY aoO?nIaoU ?CY ?eaOc?n?YYեn, CYO YaoUYaեe aoO?nIեoCY ?eaOc?n?Y: 1947A. Yեnգ?OA I??U?Iեnaiեo ?եaC eaiեi?I?Y ??U?ei?Y: ?e ?E եI? CU N?UnեYCuA: ?Y?IiեoC Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YaoU: Uan-E?nբեn?aoU I?YaA?o? ԳnCգan ?ao??YU?YC Nեi, ?Y ?E ??i բ?nC, ??YCi U?n? ?n: U? iեOեIaoAUaoYYեn ii?i CU եnIao NanեOբ?UnYեnC U?eCY: OեIA ?anaoU ?n In?eYa??naoU, UUaoeA? ?n??Y u?O?uC IaY? A?O?U?eaoU: ?e եnI?n A?U?Y?I ??E?iեoC Uan-E?nբեn?C «O?UCe-1»-C ?Yi?Y IaEEa?aoU, anC Y?E?գ?NA O?nCբU?Y ??iCAY ?n? U? 25 i?nC IaEEa?aoU Y?E?գ?NեE ? ? eCni?I ? բaEanC IaOUCo: 1961 A. եe IaEEa?Co A?U?Y?I?ian?aեe ?aone եI?, ??E?i?YuC գY?oC ?n??YC I?բեEC գanI?n?YaoU: 1966 A. ?Yo? IեYe?Aa??IC, ?U? I?a?IoaoAU?Uբ CYO a?nգ??inեoCY a?iiaգnai ? UեI A?U?oaoUoai: 1971 A. եe ??E?iեoC N?UnեY?Yiեn UեI I?eaoUoC? ?n????Y U?n?????iaoU: 1972 A. NaoECeC 11-CY iC??Uai գY?oC ?OU? Eae?YcեEեe, e?Y-un?YoCeIaUaoU CYO ?CU?ianեEao ?n եIեE O?nգa ?aiN?YYCeU?YA: ?n?YCo Nեia գY?oC unե?Ya: O?nգa ?aiN?YYCeU?YA CYO i?n?i unե?YaUC u??Y?i?I?U?YA: ?UYiեO CYO ?CU?ianեEao ?n եIեE ?nUեY Uan??U?YA: ?UYiեO I?UaA?o?Yu e?nգCe aaOaeU?YC Nեi: U? ?UեY un CYO i?YaoU ?n unե?YaUC iեe?nA?Y i?UnեnA, գY?oCYu unե?YaUC N?Uao Iեn?YaoA, aniեO UեI Naգ?i?naoAU?Uբ EY?UaoU ?CY IեnեnCY: ?nբ Ui?Yu unե?YaUaoU գiYiaO գեnե?U?Y?iaoYA, ?e?cCY NեnACY CU ?auCY եn??o eaOaUaY AեNEեnU?YC? N?Uao UեI inեAEY?nC i?a?YA ? Yn? in? I?eaooi?I Nao??nO?YA, anCY ?e?cCY NեnACY Yեnu?Co Y?UեECe, AiaoU ?n Aե N?Uao ?nICiA CcեE ? iC??aC գEECY: 1972 A. «?aCYգ 707» u??Y?iai եI?Yu EaY?aY: EaY?aYCo `OaeIi?, OaeIi?UCo` ?n??Y, ?a? ?Yo? CU ??E?i?YuCY: 1975 A. ?anCECY OaeIi?Uai գY?oC i?n??i?, ?եeECY, o?nC? ? ?UYiեOCo ?E ECaY? NanեOբane ?OcI? iaoYA: ?UYiեOCo ?E գY?oC unace iaoYA: onace i?YA N?i?uiեE ?CY բaEan CU N?n???iYեnA, ?UeiեO ?n Y?? եOբane ICYA? O?nCY, anA O?neեE u?O?uCo ?UYiեO ?n գY?oեE?aon?EaoAUaoYA ??naoY?IեoCYu UCYa? ?e?iai: OC u?YC un Nեia եe գY?oC O?neեE: ?UYiեO եe ??i AYIեnYեn aoYեC, ?U?iեO ?n ?anaoU CU U?YIaoAU?Y AYIեn ?e?iaon ԳUaoE?e?nU?YA: 1975 A. U?UCeC 15-CY ECaYC e. ??Iaբ եIեOեoao Uեc IYuեoCY unace AaeCY? ?iեiCeCY: ?IեOեoCY գiYiaoU ? ?nUեYC? ?aOaoaoU, ?UeCYuY N?UI?I?Y ?aOaoaoU: ?UYiեO I?Y Y?? N?UI?I?Y ?anaoYեn: iեnc?aեe UaiեYaoU ?CY N?UnեYCu գ?Eao unեnA: OեI ?UCeA ??i ?aoi ?Yo?i, CYO N?U?n ??i ?Ai?n ?n N?n???iYեnCoe բ?A?YiեEA, բ?Uo UY?EA NY?n?ian a?n, u?YC an CU N?UnեYCuA I?YaaoU ?n, ? aI?n ?n?YCo A?YIA CYO N?U?n:

O??Գ???i iaU?a?i? ?U?UU?U ?O I?Ue?Գ?aoAUaoUA ?i ?ao???A ?e` O?nգ?nCi iaY?aեiC ?Y?YU?Ye, IYiեE եU E?nբեn?C ?aO գUaoOaoU` 1908 A., NaO?գanIC AYi?YCuaoU: ??Une? iaY?aեiA, ?բn?N?UC ? O?nC?UC iO?Y ?n: ?բn?N?U ?Y?YU?YA aoYեoեE ? UեI uaoUn, ?UeCYuY եOեE եY UեI եOբ?Un ? UեI uaoUn: oaoUnA? ?UaoeY?oեE ? YaoUY ?aO գUaoOaoU, aoYեoեE ? ??i?IYեn, anaYo U?eCY iեOեIaoAUaoYYեn aaoYեU: O?N?oեE ? Cn U?Nai: i?ie? O?nC?UA YaoUYaեe NaOեoC ?: Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IA, anC Uեc I?UCY Y?? ??i N?U եnCi?e?n?Yեn ?YoYaoU ?CY ?aO գUaoOC UCcai: i?ie iեeYaoU ?, an ?U? բ?Y?IC Uեc եY Y?? CnեY I?YaA ?aO գUaoOC iO?YեnA, iեOYaoiեOA I?Ai?I ? ei?YaoU ? UaA ??բ?A a?nIեEaoo Nեia, anC EY?UuA U?Une ?n i?YaoU, U?N?YaoU ? ?e?Yo iեeYեEao ?UaoeYaoY ? եnIao iO?YեnCY, anaYu ?U? A?U?Y?I գiYiaoU ?CY ԳեOi?YuC IեYinaY?I?Y բ?YiaoU: ?? ECYaoU ? 1915 A. AY?N?Yaon ?uean?N?i?uCo UC u?YC ??բ?A ?e?c: a?ae? ?բn?N?UA aoYեoեE ? եnեu iO? ? եnIao ?OcCI: iO?YեnC ?YaoYA? ??Iaբ, ?aiN?YYեe ? iaY?aեi, CeI ?OcCIYեnC ?YaoYA E?YaoUa ? ??Y???Y: ??Une? iaY?aեiA, ?eUaoeY?oեE ? N?U?գUaoO?oC ?OcI? Nեi: ?YY?Y? U?Une, եOեE ? O?YaoI ? O?nC?U iեn-?aiN?YYCeU?YեnC ?OcCIA: ??Une? iaY?aեi ?Y?YU?YA, aoYեoեE ? եnեu ?OcCI ? UեI iO?: ?OcCIYեnC ?YaoYA? O?nCo?, O?nգ?nCi? ? ??UIaoNC, CeI iO?UC ?YaoYA` e?nգCe: a?ae? ?բn?N?UA, եOեE ? UC u?YC I?Ei?IuC iեn: ??i?I?YCY Aiai aoYեoեE եY բ?YianYեn, U??IYեn: ??E?i?onեE եY ???iaoU ? CnեYu ?E N?i?e?n ??E?iեE եY բ?YianYեnC ? U??IYեnC Nեi: ??եonեE եY UեI U?e?Uբ բ?Uբ?I ? oanեY: o?YեE եY Y?? OUեnaoI, a?U?Y, aea, eCeեe: ?Y?eaoYYեnC N?U?n i?nբեn iեe?IC Iեnեn ? ?UEY: aoYեoեE եY 15 ?aoUգ ե? Cn e?UEեnai ? ?nanYեnai, ?i?Y?IYեn ? Iaiեn: iaY?aեiA եnեE?YեnC Uեc ?UեY????o?IY ? ECYaoU: OC un ???i գ?Eai` a?eIaoU ? բ?Uբ?IC ?ե?C in?` բ?n?I Uեi?ueե iեnY???aCIai: ??Uբ?ICo iեnoYaoU ? EaY?iaoAUaoY ? NCi?Y??YaoU ? I?Yn aEեinCiai: i?YaoU եY u?O?u? NCi?Y??Yao: ?AC?IYեnA ?eaoU եY, an ao? ? ?n?եY` NCi?Y?aoAUaoYA ?YoեE ? aeIanYեnC Uեc: iaoY եY բեnaoU, ??i գaoU?n ? I?EeaoU a?ae Nane IU?YuA ?nIեEao N?U?n, բ?Uo ?a?n?UaoY: ??Une U?N?YaoU ? i?Y Uեc` 28 i?nեI?Y N?e?IaoU, 1912 A. NaoYCeC 15-CY: ԳեOեoCI ? ECYaoU N?Une ? aoYեYaoU ? eu?YaեEC O?UY: ?ane U?NCo Nեia Uեn AYi?YCuC I?YnaoAUaoYY AYIYaoU ? a?aCICe in?, բ?Uo ??i a?Yo?I Aaonu I?e?i?naoAUaoYA Ean?U?YI O?ai I?YaaoU ? a?aCICe, Aե uե? I?YaaoU եY aեi?I?Y գanIai: a?ae գanICo ?YiեOU?I, գYaoU ? aեi?I?Y գanIեn ei?YOYեEao, Yեne UiYեEaoY aեe Cn Nեi եI?I aeiCI?YYեnA ?YUCc?aեe I?E?YuC եY iեnoYaoU ? i?YaoU a?aCICe Oե?nեC IեYinaY?I?Y բեn?: a?ae ??i ? բaOauaoU iեOC I?e?i?naCY, Aե CYaaoUY ? բ?YA, CYaa՞o եu ?YUեO U?n?I?Yo բ?Yi?nIaoU: a?i?eE?Y ? ei?YaoU UC?UY, Aե եnICnA E?eY ?:

- Oե? ?a?NaiեEao N?U?n եYu a?NեE, ea?eեu iեeYեYu CYa ? ECYեEao iեncA` Yan բ?o IAaOYեYu: a?ae N?eI?YaoU ? E?n??E AaonuC NaգCY ? eIeaoU ? aeIai I???eեE, բ?Uo en?YCo ?E uգaoi aC u?OaoU: AaonuA UYaoU ? ?Y?n?iեEC: ?anեOբ?UnYեnCe ? ?aiN?YYեeCY YaoUYaեe E?բեEai i?YaoU եY I?nUCn OaY?OCo ԳեOi?Yu, anaեe Aaonu բ?Y?IC ?CYian: a?ae բ?YiaoU CU?Y?Eai, an Cn եnIao iO?YեnCY ?E եY բեnեE բ?Yi, AaonuեnCY Eaei?YaoU ? Cn I?Ei?IuC IեeA YiCnեE, եAե Cn եnIao iO?YեnCY ???iեY բ?YiCo: AaonuեnA` uգiiեEai a?iեN ?eCACo, UC E?i IaOaaiaoU եY a?aCICe ? NanեOբ?UnYեnCe, բ?Uo aեY ???iaoU: a?ae ?n?եY ?գaoU ? Cn E?բi?I ECYեEA ? գEECY ? i?ECe: ao? ?n ?n?եY, anaiNեi? ??i եY a?aCICe ?eեE, an գY?Yu ?UեnCI?, ?Eեue?Y?nC?: OC Eaeuai ?ni?e?NU?Y a?ae aC N?U?O?UYiեE: Aե AaonuեnA C՞Ya aCiC ?YեY CnեYo a?aեY?I?Y NaOA, I?U CnեYo N?UnեYCuCo a՞i Cn?iaoYu aoYC ?nIեEao, CYa Cn?iaoYuai, I?Un?NեO ?եauaoU Cn ?aOai, ?UY IգYC AaonuեnCo: a?ae Cn N?U?գUaoO?oCYեnCo ??i-??iեnCY ?n ?aO iiեE anaYu գY?oեE ?CY ?UեnCI? ? Y?U?I ?CY գnaoU a?aCICe, Aե ?ao aեe գ?ECe` iO?YեnA AaO գ?Y: a?ae UY?oեE ?n ?Y?n?iեEC: ?i C՞Ya ?aone եI?i, a?ae I?naO?o?՞i Cn N?UnեY?eCnaoAU?Uբ ???iեE Cn ? iO?YեnC IU?YuA:??UեnA ??i E?i ?CY գCi?IoaoU, an եAե Aaonu aeiCI?YA I?YգYեo ?e?Y?, aonեUY iեnc: ?Ueaեe ?E iեnc iiեoCY a?aCICe ? NanեOբ?UnYեnCe IU?YuCY` ԳեOi?YuC e?nեnaoU: a?ae ?YoեE ?n ??i ?anOaoAUaoYYեnC UCcai ? UC?i ???iiեE ?n Cn I?i?n?I E?iaoAUaoYYեnC N?U?n: 1895 A. un?եnA N?nO?IiaoU եY ? ao?aoU եY A?E?YեE ao Yan ea?YեE a?aCICe ? Cn NOC IYacA, anaYu գYaoU ?CY u?O?u, anaեe?C ICYA IYY??բեnC: on?եnCo UեIA ??Y?aaoU ? a?aCICe: Un?Yo i?YaoU ? Cn iaoY ? E?i a?NaoU UCYa? iեOC ??aAaoAUaoYA ?YoYC: ana? A?U?Y?I ?Yo a?ae ao i?ie iեn???eYaoU եY iaoY: iեeYaoU եY, an iaoYA ?iեn?I ? ??nOեE: ao ?Ueaեe ??i բ?Yեn iեe?I ao Ee?I U?n?A aC I?naO?YaoU a?aեY?I?Y iYCo aaIiեE ao Nեe?Y?E: O?Une, an UY?oեE ?n Cn aane anբեnai, NCi?Y??YaoU ? iCyai ? U?N?YaoU: ?an?uaoUne ? NanեOբ?UnYեnCe I?Y?Uu Uե? iեnoYaoU եY CnեYo Uai EY?U?I?EaoAU?Y` UCYa? եnInan? ?ueanA: ?aO գUaoOA գiYiaoU ?n N?nA i?n?IaoAU?Y in?: ?UY aoYեoեE ? 500 IaoE:?nբ eIeiaoU ? եnInan? iեO?N?YaoAUaoYA, ?եuCnեYo Oaoei?y? ?O?Y` Uեn anբ AYi?YCuCY, iեnoYaoU ? Cn Uai ? a?iea?naoU: Oaoei?y? ?O?UC ?Uեn եOբ?UnA a?n eCnaoU N?UեnCY: U? U?iYaoU ? I?e?i?naoAU?YA, an եOբ?UnA N?Uեn ? A?uoYaoU: Aaonu I?e?i?naoAUaoYA գեnC ? iեnoYaoU բaEanCY: ?e, ?aun uaoUne? ??UIaoNCY, ?Y?YեYo IaeYեnCo ?EAaoYA, ??UI?Yao?A i?ECo Iaoa ?CYu եIեE o?EեnC i?I: ??nեբ?Ei?բ?n AaonuեnA aiեe?Y Uե?, UեYu ???iiեoCYu: Oaoei?y? ?O?Y UC Iեna I?naO?o?i a?iea?nեE Uե?: ?Y?YեYo IaeYեnCo A?U?UA, anA ?UaoeY?oեE ?n AaonuC Nեi, i?YA U?N?o?i: ?U?Y?Eai Uեn A?ueiaoC iեOA, ?UaoeYaoY aoO?nIaoU ? Uեn եi?Co, an Uե? iեO??aEեY ?UեnCIU?Y anբ?Yao: ?Uեn ?O?UC ??i???YaoAU?Y Nեi??Yuai UեI uaoUne? O?nCo?Y ? UCYao??n եOբ?Une? e?nգCeA գYaoU եY ?եn-?an: Un?YoCo iեOեIaoAUaoY aaoYեU, բ?Uo iեeYaOYեn եY եOեE եOբane, ?E?i?IYեnC Uեc` i?UnեY?o?I iեeuai: U? iեeYեEai U?n?I?Yo, i?ECo AaOYaoU ??EaaoU ? ?YN?Ui aoOOaoAU?Uբ: ?U? A?U?Y?I, եOբ?Une? e?nգCeA եnեu ao Iեe i?nեI?Y ? եOեE: ?e ? uaoUne` UեI?YaoU ?CYu ?UեnCIU?Y anբ?YaoaoU: ??i ??A?Y ao eai?I unեn եYu ?YoI?onեE anբ?YaoaoU: ?Ue?Y ?nO?Iaon?YեnCY գYaoU ?CYu Oaoei?y? ?O?UեYo iaoY` Uեn N?n???iYեnCY iեeYեEao: ԳYaoU ?CYu UեI-եnIao unai Uեn ?anA I?i?oYեEao: OեI ?Yգ?U` ?O?UC ICYA, CYO ? ??UI?Yao?CY aoO?nIեo ???i, U??IYեnCY N?o i?YեEao: O?Y?a?nNCY Uեn in? N?nO?IiեoCY գUaoOC Aaonu EaoA?YYեnA: OեYu E?i գCiեCYu Uեn a?niե?YեnC եEuY ao UaoiuA: a?niե?aoU I?n YեO ??Y?a?nN, ?U? ??Y?a?nNai` ?Ya?Iiaon Uե? գoեoCYu ?O?UեYo iaoY ? IYacA բaOauեoCYu: ICYA ??i E?i NaգC aoYեn, եnեIaU?Y ?UaoeYaoY ?e?o: ?O?Y N?i?uեo գUaoOC բaEan EaoA?YYեnCY ? ?N iiեo, an UUaoe ?Yգ?U CU ?OcCIYեnCY բ?Y a?eեu, Aե a? բaEanC? iեncA i?i IECYC: OեI aonC? ?Yգ?U ?E uaoUnեnai գY?oեE ?CYu AaoA aoiեEao: ?UեnC iO?Y N?nO?Iiեo Uեn in?: EեO?a?i?e Uե? գoեoCYu iaoY: Oaoei?y? ?O?UC ICYA UC E?i ??aeեo Cn iեuan iO?UCY: U? a?n eCnaoU ?Ya?iCiYեnCY, EaoA?YYեnCY, EaoECգ?YYեnCY: OC Eaeuai բ?nC NaգC aoYեn: E?nբեn?aoU` ?UեnCIU?Y anբ?YaoaoU, եe NCi?Y??o?: aa au aaCYa a?n N?eI?YaoU: ?Yaaեe բaoAaoU ?CY, a?n E?i?YaoU: IaIan?e I?IiեE ?n, ?nUaoY ao A?n?E ?n գYaoU: OC un ?E NanեOբane ICYA բeYեo OեeuCoe ao i?n?i բAC?I U??YC Uai: U? ?CYian?I?Y բAC?I ?n ? aoYեn N?UiYC ?YaoY AaonuC?UaoU: OC?UY բAC?I U??YA I?naO?o?i CYO բaoAեE: ?e U?Yn?U?eY aեU NC?aoU, anaiNեi? ??i ?aun եU եOեE: 1922 A. uգaeiaeC 4-CY Nn?U?Y ? ?nO?IiaoU N?UեnCY ?aone N?YեE AaonuC?UCo: Oaoei?y? ?O?UC Uai գiYiaO Uեn բ?nեI?UYեnA , Yn? uգYaoAU?Uբ iեO??aEiaoU եY ??Eեa, Nեi?գ?UaoU un?YeC?` a?UU?Y?գn?UCY ??E?i?YuC: Oե? iեO??aEեoCY ?եUnaoAC anբ?Yao: ana? A?U?Y?I ?Yo, CYO iեO??aEեoCY aaECe` «?YC- oUay», CeI uaoUnեne UY?oCY ?եUnaoAaoU: «?YC oUay»-aoU UY?oCYu եnեu ?UCe ao ?UYaoNեi? ?aoY?ei?Y` «Eao?n?IC ??Caea» N?Yu?UCY cnեnaoU: ?aoY?ei?YaoU UY?oCYu UCYa? 1929 A.: ?n?եY ??eY?Eai a???N?e` եe գCi?IoaoU ?C, an I?naO եU ?anեE CYuYaonaoUY ? ana?եoC iեO??aEiեE un?YeC?: un?YeC? iեO??aEiեEai, եe բY?IaoAUaoY N?ei?iեoC O?neեE u?O?uaoU: ԳaUaoAUaoYe a?Na?YեEao N?U?n U?eY?ian I?n ?C ?YaoU ? N?YOYaoU E?YaoAYեnCY ao ?Ueaեe ?YoI?oYaoU ?C unեne UCYa? 1936 A.:

04. 02 1978 A. Ua?-E??????aoO I?eaooi?I ?ao???O?U? O?e?U, Ui??i?I 1915 A. Iaia??I?U Uan-E?nբեn?aoU, 1915A. Iaian?IC Nao??nO?Y I?eaooեEao N?U?n, E?nբեn?C N?UnեY?Io?I?Y UCaoAUaoYA in?U??nեo ana??IC գaoU?n,Uan-E?nբեn?C գեnե?U?YaoC a?nCeaA I?eaooեEao N?U?n, բ?Uo u?YC an գaoU?nA aբ?i?I?Y?o?i, U??Y iեn-aեinaeU?YC U?eY?IoaoAU?Uբ ana?եoCY Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YaoU I?eaooեE եOեeYC Nao??nO?Y:?ao??nO?YC ?UեY UC u?nA գեnե?U?Y?u?nC iեeu ? i?ECe, CeI Nao??nO?YCY ICo cn?i???YA I?eaooi?I ? ?UYaեe, an ?UեY UC u?nA UC ?YO ? Y??Y?IaoU, anA 150.000 U?n? ? N??iaoU Nao??nO?YC in?: 12. 03. 1978 A. ??O???OaoO Գ?ea??U?U Ua?-E??????? AEI?i?Uoao ?Ui?U ?a?ao? o?e?eU?OU?I?U ?EեNեn գEEai, բ?Uo գanIaO, ?IY?nI եU YեiaoU CU NCY Nao?եnCY, ?EYaoU եY ??nuai a?iIեnYեn aեe-aեe, anaYo AiaoU ? ?Ue i?UnA YaoUYaեe: OC?i Iեe ??n ?e?c ?UeiեO ??ai Eaa?Y ?n u?nai UեnI ao i?i?eIai: ?YaaoU ?n a?n?Oեi i?UaoYA բaoC: Eaoe գC?եnYեnCY UACY i?n?IuaoU: ?i eai?EEaoI aeYaoA գ?UEC ?YoYaO ??U?an?CY e?ne?? ?n ???aoU: ?UY ?n A?e?YգեE Yan iեn?IYi?I Oեn EanNn??UCY U?Un ??U?ei?YA, I?U cnNեOեOCo ?Ue NaOaoU IYi?I ?UeiեO UեI?o?I N?U AaOaiaon?A? ?CY iCnaOYեnCo` E?YCo ao o?nCo: EեnI ?n Eaa?YA ?Ycaon, ?U?UC: ?nIn??եY N?UA ?UY a?n N?Y?aonAC: a?n N?Y?aonAC ? Cn բեIanYեnCY, AaOYեE ?YiեnaoYa, NEao ui?nCY -??U OեI եOեeYCo ?aou iեn?anaOYեn, ao EեYCYU?Y UեI IaaCY UC?o?I

O?Un N?UnեYCuA Oե? գCnIY ? I?YaaoU: ?եnCu A???eեu ui?n ??եnaoU. ?Iեu, ?եYonեu N?UnեYCuA Oեn. O??Iեu NaOA Yn? բ?nեբեn, AaO? ?U?aC բCni aeaEY U?i?iեn... ?Ueaեe Iaa aoOOեo e?UaoeuC N?UCY, O?Un ??U?ei?YA Uեn EanNn??UCY: Eeեo e?UaoeuA N?UnեYC I?YaA, i?eեo eniեnaoU N?UnեY???nOC ??nեn Iaoi?Ii?I ?YNaoY iniaoYcA: I?i?IYեnai, եnգ ao Yi?գai ?I?Y CnեYo Yan, ???i N?UnեYCu, aon aI?n ?UE?e եOեeY ao a?nCu, ?UE ??E?nN??եY եe?Y? ao NU?Uu, eiեOIեEao Yan, գեOեoCI UC IU?Yu: I?e?i?naoAU?Y ?CY?n?n c?Yuai ?i e?UaoeuC ?E uգYaoAU?Y I?nգai, eaoYIC aեe բaoe?Y գUaoOեn, ?i?YYեn, ?UգC, a?niե?ai, N?nU?n iYեnai: ?i ?Yi?YiեoCY, Cբn? iI?Yեn, ?nեYo Ianon?I ?եYC ?YaoYai, ??Uo Yan U?I?Cnai: ??UnեY???nOaoAU?Y ?U? ieեU IaaCY ?nO?գ?YuaO?o բUaon?ian AiCY, ?e?cCYYեnCo UեIY ?n E?nբեn?oCY: ???U?o Nեi Y? ?E N?UnեYCu եI?i ao N?UnեY??եY գanICY EIiեo?i, ?Ue EեnI Eaa?YA ??nOnեo ?Y??ei?Y, ?YaoYY ?E IYuեo Uan- E?nբեn? ?i?Y: ??Uo aoeaoUY?iեYa N?UA E?nբեn?oC, a?n I?naO UY?E ?e?Yo ?anaoC: ?n?U aoO?nIiեo InA?I?Y գanICY` ?i I?eaooեoCY ?anao ?e?cCY. ??Uo aa YեnI?UCe ?Ue UեI I?i?Eai, ?UE aoA eեYU?Iai, YեnuY?en?Nai: ?Yo?Y i?nCYեn: oaEiեo եnInC ?եUuY ?UբaOcaiCY: O?n?Y ?E ??nգ?o?i, Y?? բ??U?o?i, IU?YuC a?N?YcY ?E NեiY ?iեE?o?i, ?i բ??U?aCeC ? AeCau?UCY, ?aoգ?Nեe ??aO գCiaoAU?Y IaOuCY, a?n բ?i?n?nեE, ?ana՛o, ?եYu? NCY, iեn??CYiեoCn Yan?գaoUY O?ai, ??Uo aa e?UaoeuC OnI?I Ya?eiai,

iեn?Yi?YiեoCn N?UiYC գUaoi?n?n, ?Uaoi U?YI?i?nA, բYCI E?nբեn?oC, Oեn AEI?iCYoao ?YU?N ?YaoYai... ??nOU?E Uiuեne ?եaC եi Ae?Y ?i Nao?եnCe Ean I?n?eA Ui?Y ?e?ce ?eiեo ?եY E?nբեn?A NCY, ?i IեYinaYaoU eaonբ ??Iaբ A?OCY` «IեYinaY?I?Y ??գ?UCY i?nA?n?Y» Uan բ?nOn?գaoUY ?եYuA InA?I?Y, «??n?i» uaEեcC aoOCO N?Y?CU?Y, Aե? I?n NYaoo NCYգ-iեo IE?I?Y, ?UY I?eaooեE ?n Y?Eu?Y ?C?i UեI ??n ?Ue Ai?I?YCo, ??գ? բ?nեn?n: ?nեu i?eY?UU?I ? ?U? ?anaoCY iYunCYեE ?n YaoUY AEI?iեYoCY: ?i i?n?IiեE ?n ?UբaOc Y?N?Yգai, «AEI?iCYoCC» ?anao ?YaoYai: ??Ei եU aoYեoեE եe ?E ?YoU?EaoU, Aե? ECei I?n?, NեYo ?U? ?anaoaoU, ???IեniեEao Uեn AEI?iCYoaoY: ??Ei aoYեo? եe, i?nCuaie N?eaoY, OC?i i?eA i?nC ?anao YaoUY?YaoY, I?e?UեEao uե?, uե? eYaooեEao ?i ua iեnեEuai Na?ni?Y?Eao: aoeiC եe ?e ??i, ??iեnC Nեi, oa i?ei?I???i IaEեIiCiC Nեi, ?Ueun Nn?i?Yuai iaYaoU եU ?N? oa i?nեECoA u?e?eY?UU?. ??Uo ?YN?i?aեe, ?aoգ??CaaoAU?Uբ, iaYaoU եU Y?? Uեn NCY E?nբեn?C, ??nUaon?UU?IA Y?EICY ?anaoC: IaaaoU եU eni?Yo ao ?UբaOc Naգai` Iեooե՛e ?ao, ?anao, N?n N?iեnA?I?Y, oa ?Ue ?YaoYai, E?nբեn?oCYեnai, i?e ?n?C i?I եnInC ??U?ei?Y... 05-06. 06. 1977 A. ?UoU?EA ?ao? ? ???O?E

?Ueun ??iեnY եY եIեE aon?E?Y?Eao Uan-E?nբեn?C 50-?UU?IC iaY?I?i?naoAU?YA: 50-?UU? U?ao?Co ??iեnY եY NC?aoU Yan?eiեOI գUaoOC ?YoU?EC գaOinCI ?eunU?Y ao YեO ?aOaoYեnA: ԳCiեU, ??iեnA Ia?iUեY գUaoOC ?YoU?EC ao YեnI?UC U?eCY: ?U Ya?i?IY ?, UC a?N ?YoU?EC Nao??i?Ei?ICo ?iեEC a?n?ana? oaoo?YեE գUaoOC EaniI?n?YC ?YoU?EY ao YեnI?Y:OC ?aunCI գanI?n?Y, an YU?Y ?n ?UAUU?Y UC ?ni??n?U?eC: ԳanI?n?YC YեneaoU 1946 A. Uan?գ?iCAC գUaoOIaaaC Y?E?OեeYaoAU?Uբ ? iեO?oCYեnC a?N?Ycai eiեOIiեo EaniI?n?Y-????n?Y, an YU?Y ?n N?U?nU? a?UE?Y?UC: OC եnIao Iaoe aiYեnai ?AaeYեn ? E?Un?I iեeuai UC eեO?Y, an N?U?nU? uni? բaEan A?UեnCY ??i?nI ?n: EaniI?n?YC eiեOIU?Y ?e?cCY unCo ea?e?nIaO ??nO?i(A??? գUaoOCo) ?UYA??C NY?UU? բY?ICa` eiե??Y ??IaբU?YA, anC U?eCY UCYa? une ?E ??iեnY եY գaiեeiC Eaeuեn ?eaoU: a?iեn??UA ?UեY CYa i?IYaoin? ?n ?nեE: ?i ?UեY?E?i EaniCIA UY?oեE ?n N?oY ao a?YCnA, anA ?Ai?n ?n Oեeu բեniaoU: ao ?Ueaեe ?Yo?Y Ue?UE i?nCYեnA, ??iեnC Nեi Uan-E?nբեn?A N?OA?N?nեo ??i ?Ai?naoAUaoYYեn ? I?YգYեo ??nգ?oU?Y Yan?գaoUY ??Y?a?nNCY: AY?E?UYiեo գanI?n?YA` ??nO?i y?բnCI? ? aoYեo?i Cn eե??I?Y բaoyեiA: ?eI EaniI?n?YA ?iեEC ?n aեiu AY?E?UYեE: 1955 A. ?ni???i-O?eCe i?YaO E?aoOao E?aUեnaoIC O?E IaOUCY I?eaooiեo Yan EaniI?n?Y: ?Ya ? UY?oեE ?YoU?EC EaniI?n?YCo, N?U?nU? aaCYa: ?UY Cn A?U?Y?I?ICo N?nU?naoAUaoYYեnai Uno?IoaoU ? ??iեnC Nեi: ?eI EaniI?n?YA N?U?EniեE ? Yan?i?ni եnCi?e?n? U?eY?գեiYեnai, anaYo ?YaoYYեnA N?UiYC եY Uan-E?nբեn?C բY?ICaYեnCY, ?UY ?nc?YC ??i ao ??iեnCY:

?UoU?I?Ue?Գ?aoAUaoU Oեn iaNUA IaaiեE ? oUaeaU?YYեn, CeI Uane IaOUCo` AaiU?eU?YYեn: ?Y?IiեECe եYu եOեE ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC Eao?Eao (AEI?iCY) գUaoOaoU (AE. ?I?YoA Y??Y?IaoU ? ?aun բEn?I, unCY?I` AEI?iCY, ?YACE,i?n??ACE, AE?Y?CE գUaoOեnA): Oեn գUaoOA գiYiaoU ?n N?nA i?n?IaoAU?Y in?: aoYեn ?aE բaoe?I?YaoAUaoY, ??եoYaoU ?CY oanեY, գ?nC բ?Uբ?I, aea ? ?UEY: aoYեCYu ?e?i aeaգU?Y caon, ? aoYեCYu N?UեO EUեEao caon, anA YU?Y ?n ?n?n?iU?Y ???i?i?UnC cnCY: ԳUaoOY aoYեn եnեu N?UI?I?Y ?anao ? եnեu եIեOեoC` 1. Eaoe?iana?I?YYեnC 2. բaOau?I?YYեnC 3. I?AaECIYեnC IեY??Y?I?Y ??E?nNA YU?Y ?n ??U?ei?YC IեY??Y?I?Y ??E?nNCY: Oեn iaNUA ?բ?OiaoU ?n I?naեi?գanIaoAU?Uբ: O?Une N?UiYC Ii?i?գanI ?n? e??? Գ??Գa?U?U Ua?-E??????

Uan-E?nբեn?: ?Ueaեe ? IaaiaoU O?eCeC ?nc?YC ?եY ao ?uեO ?i?YYեnCo UեIA, anA ?ei?I ? ?n??Y-?ni???i U?UnaoOao O?E ե?nCY: E?nբեn?, ?եUAaoY, ?aoA?YC?, ?nե?, ICECIC?, eեբ?eiC?, O?E?AC?, ???Y: en?Yu բaEanY ?E եOեE եY ?եY ao ?nգ?i?Y? ?i?YYեn, aniեO N?U ?CY?I?YC եn?CICo ?UեY un IaoE ? բ?nOn?oեE ao E?eYiեE I?aaoUi եnIYuCY, aon ?UեY N?nIC i?I ?a?iեE եY unanaoYեn ao CcեE EY?aoAU?Y եnգեn: ??Uo ?N?` a?iU?I?Y ?Aբ?Ei ?եauեnC բեnaoUai, U?n?CI E?o ao ?noaoYuai Nեe?oեE եY N?UnեYC գUaoOեnCo ao u?O?uYեnCo, aiuai a??եE ??E?nNC UC I?UnCo UUaoeA ? Ii?nեE ui?n եnIYuC i?I: ?YoեE եY i?nCYեn... ?Yaaեe ?EեIaIU?Y եYA?nIi?I Y?iA E?nCeE ? գoaoU ?nIaoAU?Y Y?i?N?YգeiaoU, ?U?aեe ?E բ?nբ?nae ??գCo Nn??uai IեY??YC UY?o?I U?n?CI N?UnեYC NaOC in? NCUYեoCY CnեYo iaoYA: enբaoAU?Uբ a?Na?YեEai CnեYo NCY գUaoOեnC ?YaoYYեnY ao UC?UY ?U? YiCn?I?Y ?Yi?YA ?iեE?oYեEai UեI N?iCI բ?e` Uan... ao ?U?aեe IYaoY? ?e?Y UC ??nu Yan ao բ?nեI?nգ ?i?YYեn` Uan-E?nբեn?, ?եUAaoY, Uan-O?E?AC?, Uan-???Y:Uan-E?nբեn?A NCUY??niեE ? 1929 A., եnբ E?nբեn?aoU բY?IiեE եY AY??UեYA եnեu iYiեeaoAUaoYYեn ? 1931A.` ?e i?e NCY E?nբեn?oCYեnC AYi?YCuYեn: 1935A. Yan?I?eaoUo ?եYuեnCo UեIaoU UեI eեYU?I 20 uU.` N?iI?oiaoU ? IaoEiaon?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnC N?U?n, anA IaaiaoU ? ?IaoUբ-գn???n?Y: ?UeiեO ?CY iեOC aoYեYaoU AaOaiYեn, N?i?uYեn ? IaoEiaon-Eaoe?ian?I?Y N?iaoIեYi UCcao?eaoUYեn: ?UYaoNեi? Yեnգ?OAaO E?nբեn?oCYեnCo N?Y?եe եY գ?ECe ?IiCi ??E?iaOYեn, anaYu ??eYaoU եY Yan?I?eaoUo ?i?YC IaoEiaon?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnC Y?E?OեeYaOYեnA: ????E?IC ?CY I??U?IեnaiaoU CYuY?գanI EUբեnC N?UեnգYեn` եnգ, a?n, AեnAեnC, ?Ue?գnեnC AYAեnoaoUYեn:

1936-1941 AA. ?i?YC IaoEiaon ??E?Yi?YuYեnCY ?IiCi Iեnaai U?eY?IoaoU ?n IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y բnCգ??Cn ?եEaU?Y I?n?aեiA, Yn? ICYA` o?UEaoY ?եEaU?YA, ?aoeinA` ??nCI ?եEaU?YA, iO?Y` ?aiN?YYեe ?եEaU?Y ? ?EC ??i AYIեnYեn, anaYu I??U?IեnaaoU ?CY եnեIaoUAYեn, YեnI?U?oaoUYեn Aե ?i?YC, Aե N?n??Y գUaoOեnC ??E?iaOYեnC N?U?n: ?U? AYA?ouaoU ?IaoUբC i?nCaYեn եY ??E?iեE ?i?գU?Y eaonCIA, A?գaoNC eaOaU?YA, ?aOCI ?aiN?YYCeU?YA, i?O?n??I Eao?aU?YA: 1950 A. ?IaoUբC i?nCa ? Y??Y?IiեE eե?? ԳnCգanU?YA, ?IaoUբC ??E?i?YuYեnaoU AY?գnIեEai ?i?YC ??E?i?ianYեnCY, ?IaoUբaoU I??U?IեnaiaoU ? A?iեn?I?Y եnգC, a?nC ? ?UE CYuY?գanI EUբ?IYեn, anaYu N?Y?եe ?CY գ?ECe aa UC?UY ?i?YC, ?UE? N?n??Y գUaoOեnC ??E?iaOYեnC ?ec?, U?eY?IoaoU N?Yn?aեi?I?Y uECUaC???YեnC: ?YUae?Y?EC ? ?UY a?NA, եnբ բեU ? բ?nOn?YaoU i?Nե ?եUCn?U?YA ? Cn «?e CU ?Yao? ??U?ei?YC» եnգai NC?oYaoU ?n aoYIY?CnYեnCY: i?Nե ?եUCn?U?YA 1946 A. eCnC?UCo Yեnգ?OAեE ?n N?UnեYCu ? UեI eCnai U?eY?IoaoU ?n CYuY?գanI EUբ?IC ??E?i?YuYեnCY, ?IiCi U?eY?ICoYեnCo ?CY ??E?cU?Y i??գեYA, ?CգեncU?Y OIniCaA, ?բn?N?UU?Y i?n?գեeA, O?ni?nU?Y UCY?Y, O?ni?nU?Y O?YCIA, OեEaU?Y OեECYեY, ?CգեncU?Y eaoe?YY?Y, O?EE?eU?Y uEan?Y, ԳaoUaoUcU?Y ԳnCգanA, I?n?aեiU?Y I?OCIA, I?n?aեiU?Y e?yCIA, E?a?inU?Y eiե??YA, Yn? ICYA` EaoC??Y, e??YA, ?UU?Y ? ??i aonC? ?OcCIYեn ao iO?Yեn:

1961 A. գUaoO?UCcCY UC iaoy?Iեni գեOեoCI ?եYu N?e?I ?e?i, ?եYuC ??I?iCY N?UiYiեo UC oaoo?Y?I` «?n??YC u?OeaiեiC Uan-E?nբեn?C ACi 14 IaoEiaon?UC iaoY»: U?EICY ?IaoUբC i?nCaA Y??Y?Iiեo U??IaoUAC i?Y ?CnեIian, եe aUae?Y?U NC??i?IեEao, an U??IaoUAC a?E?iA I?eaooiեE ? IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y Y?E?OեeYaoAU?Uբ: IaoEiaon?UC i?Y եnգC ao a?nC EUբ?IA ??i i?Oaoo ??Y?aiեE ? N?Yn?aեiaoAUaoYaoU: I?n? A?U?Y?I?UCcaoaoU E?nբեn?oCYեnA IaoEiaon?UC iaoYA ??nOnեoCY CnեYo AYi?YCuYեnC ? եnCi?e?n?YեnC N?YգeiC, aon?EaoAU?Y, aoeaooU?Y ? բ??U?aCeC գCiեECuYեn Oեeu բեnեEao i?Un: E?iA IaoEiaon?UC i?Y ??E?i?YuYեnaoU ?UY ?, an ?UYiեO ?UoեEaoU, Yn? ??E?i?Y?uYեnCY U?eY?IoaoU եY aa UC?UY եnCi?e?n?YեnA, ?UE? i?nեoYեnA, Yn?Yo N?YգeiC N?U?n eiեOIi?I եY բaEan NY?n?ianaoAUaoYYեnA: E?nբեn?C IaoEiaon?UC i?YA ?i?Y?aoUA ? ??nOեE anaa?գ?Y?եEao ?ni??naoAU?Y ?e?c?ianYեnC ?anOեnA, IaEiYiեe?I?YYեnC UեI?nU?Y եnեIaYեnA, N?Y?CaaoUYեn գnaOYեnC, ?եn?e?YYեnC ? գCiaoAU?Y ao ?niեeiC գanICaYեnC Nեi: ?YUae?Y?EC եnեIaYեn ??i եY I??U?IեnaiեE: ?Yaaեe unCY?I N?Y?CaaoUYեn գnaOYեn` eCEi? I?aaoiCIU?YC, ?Cn??C, ԳaonգեY ?anU?YC, ԳեO?U e?nU?YC, ?n?Yi ?n?N?YC, a?naoUn e??IC, ?եn?e?YYեn` i?Nn?U o????U?YC, ԳaonգեY ??YCբեIU?YC, ??iCA O?EU?YC, ?n?aU? O??E?YU?YC Nեi: IaoEiaon?UC i?Y ?UoեEaoY UC?i ?E EեE?oC ?բ?OUaoYu ? գiYaoU, ?UeiեO I??U?IեnaiaoU եY N?UեnգYեn, N?no ao a?i?eE?YC եnեIaYեn, ??e?EaeaoAUaoYYեn: 29.10.1978

i???U a????E?o oaE???i?IU?? iեnCY a?nբ?ECo Uai 53 iYiեeaoAUaoY 212 ?YOեnai unCY?I?Y I?nգai ?aE??niեoCY Uan-E?nբեn?: ?nեYo Nեi բեnեEai 18 գEaoE Iaiեn, 37 եnCYcYեn ao Ua?CYեn: 1 գEaoE ?iեo. oaoE, 230 գEaoE aaE?nYեn, 8 գEaoE E?i ե?Yեn, 4 N?i OC, 3 e?UE ao yaonգaY, 3 գaoA?Y ? ?UE գanICuYեn: iեnCY a?nբ?ECo Uan-E?nբեn? ?aE??ni?IYեnA. 1. I?n?aեiU?Y a?ne?U 2. I?n?aեiU?Y eaonեY 3. ԳnCգanU?Y O?I?n 4. ԳnCգanU?Y E?aY 5. Eao?aU?Y i?O?n??I 6. ?OaU?Y ??ai 7.O?nգ?nU?Y i??a 8. O?nգ?nU?Y ??i?n? 9. O?nգ?nU?Y ?ni?i??? 10. O?nգ?nU?Y ?naoe(aa?aoe) 11. A?niեn?U?Y ?n?aCI 12. ԳnCգanU?Y i?e?I 13. ?i?գU?Y ?i?գ 14. ??EY???nU?Y ??EY???n 15. Գ?ea?nU?Y ?U?iaY 16. e?nգeU?Y ?neեY 17. E?Yգ?E?U?Y ?nUեY?I 18. OCn?aU?Y ?nUեY?I 19. ?eE?YU?Y ?nUեY?I 20. O?nIaeU?Y e?UeaY 21. uN?YեeU?Y ?nUեY?I (aa?aoe) 22. OCn?aU?Y ?nUեY?IC եOբ?UnA 23. ??u?nU?Y IaEU? 24. ??u?nU?Y ??գn?i 25. aeI?YU?Y EaoeCI 26. ??Y?Oեo ??UIa 27. ??UIaUC uaoUnA` I?Yao? 28. i?n??YU?Y eaoբեY 29. O?nCբեYo OCY?e 30. anaeiեYo OCY?e 31. e?nգeU?Y UCIaOae 32. ??O??e?nU?Y iեnգao? 33. ?aiN?YYCeU?Y ?aiN?YYեe 34. ?U?iaYU?Y ?Oe? 35. ?YaoUեYo eiե??Y 36. ????EU?Y E?a?iaon 37. E?a?inU?Y ?n?U 38. E?a?inU?Y E?aCI 39. OaI?I I?naY 40. aoY?եo ECa?nCi 41. aoY?եoC ?n?U?UCe 42. O??E E?aa 43. ??nAեY 44. A???aeU?Y e?nգCe 45. A???aeU?Y ??Una 46. ?a?n?YoC ???i 47. OY?o?I?YU?Y o?E?? 48. OY?o?I?YU?Y IaonեO

49. ??O??e?nU?Y ??O??e?n 50. ?aiN?YYCeU?Y ????n?aեi 51. ԳUaoncU?Y eaoբեY 52. ??nao?U?Y ԳnCգan 53. ??naoAU?Y ECa?nCi OեI iYiեeaoAU?Y ?aoYaA 4 NaգC N??iեEai, UCcCYA ei?oiaoU ? 212 ?aoYa: ??Uo iեOaoU N?caO a?UU?YYեn aECYեEao a?i??eai, UC u?YC iYiեeaoAUaoYYեn ?aE??niեoCY A???գUaoOC IaEEa?, Uai 10 iYiեeaoAUaoY գY?oCY Uan-?nե?, UC ?U?u?Y ?E Nեi ??nO?Y YanCo a?nբ?E: ??UnեY?I?Y UեI a?iեn??UC U?eY?ICoYեnCo aiեn???nO?Y 7 E?i?գaoUY եnCi?e?n?Yեn` 1. ??EY???nU?Y ??EY???n 2. O?nIaeU?Y e?UeaY 3. O?nգ?nU?Y ?n?Yi 4. ??O??e?nU?Y ?nգ?U 5. O?nգ?nU?Y ??i?n? 6. O?nգ?nU?Y ?ni?i?? 7. ?U?iaYU?Y eiե??Y ?Ue iO?YեnA CnեYo IU?YuA YiCnեoCY Uեn N?UnեYCuC ???iaoAU?Y ao E?O?OaoAU?Y գanIC N?U?n: o?eu Yn?Yo I?i?n?I eEn?YuYեnCY: EaoiaU?U i?O????I E?a?iao?? 1942-1946 AA. ??UnեY?I?Y UեI a?iեn??UC i?nCYեnCY ??E?iեE եU anaեe ?i?Y?UCY EanNn?C Y?E?գ?N: Uan - E?nբեn? ?i?YA բ?OI?o?I ?n aane A?O?U?eեnCo? 1. Uan - E?nբեn? 2. Iեe?nC? 3.eaiEa?C 4. a?nբ?E ?Y?IaaoAU?Y ACiA 1946 A. Uai?ian?aեe Nեi?U?EY ?n. 1. E?nբեn? 30 iYi x 5=150 ?YO 2. Iեe?nC? 20 iYi x 4=80 ?YO 3. eaiEa? 10 iYi x 5=50 ?YO 4. a?nբ?E 53 iYi x 4=213?YO ?i?YaoU գanIaoU ? ?n?UaoY?բեn?I?Y NCYգ uբUեIi. 1. IaEiYiեe?UCY 2. aa գanIi?Iu?UCY y?բnCI? 3. N?oC ?aoeA 4. ?UգեգanI?I?Y ?anO?I?U?YA 5. AeaY?բaoI?I?Y ?anO?I?U?YA? Iեe?nC? A?O?U?eaoU: Ua?-E?????? ?i?U? e?E??uA

?i?YA NCUY??niեE ? E?U, Eaa?Y, u?nu?nai NaO?U?eC in?: ?aOA Yeii?Iu ? i?ECe, բ?i?I?Y ?, an caonA EoYեe NaOC Uեc? ?UE?e aեe CU?Y? aon գY?o, aniեO A??iեo: ?UY eao?iaoU ? NaOC YեneC ?եniեnaoU: OUaoe բ?o?e?I?Y IaOUA ?UY ?, an ?i?YC NaO?i?n?IuaoU I?Y In?UCY ?եniեn: AY?N?Yaon ?eU?Uբ, Uan - E?nբեn?C IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYA U??IaoU ? Uai 50 N?. E?OaOC ? 36 N?. aiO?iao ?UգCYեn: OY?o?I NaO?U?eեnaoU ??aoU եY i?nբեn iեe?IC բaoUeեn? N?o?N?iCI, բ?Yc?nեOեY, ?eiaoUi ? ?UEY:IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYA aoYC aaE?nYեnC, IaiեnC ? Ea??բaoI?I?Y Ea?an yեnU?Yեn: ?i?YC բY?IaaoAU?Y UեI U?eA ??E?iaoU ? IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYaoU, UC U?eA գanI?n?YaoU, CeI aU?Yu ?E` ?n??YaoU: Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YA U?Un?u?O?uCo Nեeao ? AY??UեYA 6 IU., բ?Uo N?iaoI ?iiaբaoeYեnai ? եnAaoO?UCY i?ueCYեnai I?ai?I ? U?Un?u?O?uC Nեi: ?i?YC բY?ICaYեnA բaEanY ?E aoYեY գեOեoCI, UեICo-եnIao N?nI?YC iYեn, E?i I?N?iani?I, aoYեY CnեYo ?uեO a?niե?YեnA: Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YC բY?ICaYեnA ?Yգ?U aoYեY CnեYo ?YOY?I?Y ?iiaUեuեY?YեnA: OC Eaeuai, եAե N?UեU?iեEao ECYեYu o?n?I?Y A?U?Y?I??nc?YC Nեi, ?a? IiեeYեYu, an aa aCYaiYCIYեnA ? aa ?E I?Ei?I?iեnեnA ?U?aCeC iYiեeaoAUaoY aեY aoYեoեE: ?UAU ?i?YA ??i UեI ? Cn e?NU?YYեnai ao բY?IaaoAU?Uբ: ??i?I?YCY ?auC AYIYaO? գեOեoCI ?i?Y ?: O?eCeC ?nc?YC Uեc,Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YA, ?Yi?YaoU եY ?inaa?I?Y A?O?U?e ? ?? CeI?aեe ?U?aեe ? : 20. 05. 1979A. ?aO?I e???I? ?ai??UU?eU?U Ua?-E??????? Գ??????UA

Uan-E?nբեn?C u?O. գn???n?YA NCUY??niեE ? 1943A., anC ?e?cCY i?nCaA եe ?C` ?aOCI e?N?IC ?aiN?YYCeU?Ye: Գn???n?YA գiYiaoU ?n 2-n? ?aOaoC 4-n? ?եYuC YIaoOaoU: ?UY 20uU. U?Iեnեeai i?n?Iu ?n: ?nc?YC բaEan գn???n?YYեnC Uեc` Uեn գn???n?YA N?U?niaoU ?n ?UեY?E?i?գaoUYA: ?e UC?i a?nգ??iniեE եU a?iiaգnեnai IaoEiaon?UC UCYCeinaoAU?Y IaOUCo ? UC?i AեnAեnaoU Na?i?IYեn եY EaoUe iեeեE Uեn գn???n?YC E?i ? ?auC AYIYaO ??E?i?YuYեnC U?eCY: ?e UC?i I?i?naoU ?C AYAեnoaOYեnC aE?YA, anA եe i?nեI?Y aE?Yai Y?E?iեeaoU ?C: Գn???n?Y N???EaOYեnA UեI?U?e?Uբ ???IեniYեn ?CY, aoe?YaOYեn: 18 i?nC YIaoO?UCY a?UU?YYեnaoU, ? ACi 1 ?anaoC eaeI?EC oaoni a?UU?YYեnaoU ??E?iեEaoo Nեia, iեnc?aեe 1961AiCY, գn???n?YA iեO??aEiեo Yan I?eaooi?I IaoEiaon?UC iaoYA: Գn???n?YC N?U?n N?iI?oiեo UC գեOեoCI, 100 u.U. i?n?IaoAU?Uբ Eaoe?ian eեYU?I: AYAեnoaOYեnC ACiA գY?Eai ?iեEC UեI?o?i: e??Գ?e O?U?eU?U ?UoU?I?Ue?Գ?aoAUaoU

?e? e?nգCe OCY?eU?Ye, IYiեE եU 1909 AiCY, ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC OեIIեni գUaoOaoU, գUaoO?oao AYi?YCuaoU: IYaOYեne ?բ?OiaoU ?CY NaO?գanIaoAU?Uբ, aoYեCYu aiO?iao ?UգCYեn, ?Y?eaoYYեn ? ?UEY: ??Une` O?YaoI ?aiN?YYեeC OCY?eU?YA, IYiեE ? OեIIեni գUaoOaoU, (anCY գUaoOaoU ?eaoU ?CY ?NaEaC O?YaoI): O?Une` eaoEA?YA, IYiեE ? E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC i?U??O գUaoOaoU:Un?Yu ?UaoeY?oեE եY 1885 AiCY? OեIIեniaoU: ??U?iեO ?UaoeYaoAU?Y AYA?ouaoU aoYեoեE եY 6 ??i?I` 5 ?OcCI ? UեI iO?: iեn OCY?eU?YYեnC a?a?I?Y AYi?YCuA բ?OI?o?I ?n N?U?nU? 20 ?YOCo:?C?aoU եU a?aCe, ?aiN?YYեe ?n ?YaoYA, anA N?U?nU? ?anեo 110 i?nC ? գaooե ??i ?anեn ?EC, եAե I?eC in?UCo aAYIYեn: i?iCe aեU iեeեE, Y? i?O N?e?IaoU ? U?N?oեE: a?ae aoYեoեE ? 3 iO? ? UեI ?OcCI, anaYoCo ?UեY?UեIA եOեE ? O?YaoIA` CU N?UnA, NanեOբ?UnYեne` eCUaY, ?iեiCu, Nan?uaoUne` eaoEA?Y: ?aEanA UC?eCY ?CY ?anaoU: Oեn eե??I?Y iaoYA գiYiaoU ?n eaonբ e?nգCe եIեOեoao Uai: ????E UեYu եnեE?Yեne E?OaoU ?CYu եIեOեoao բ?IaoU ? EeaoU եIեOեoao ??YգեnC OaO?YcYեnA, UCYa? NCU? ?E ?եe aեU Uae?YaoU Uեn U?YI?I?Y ?YUեO E?OեnA: Oեn գUaoOA գiYiaoU ?n N?nA i?n?IaoAU?Y in?:

??Une ? eCUaY NanեOբ?Une UC?YaoUY A?U?Y?I ?բ?OiaoU ?CY Yi?գai: ??Une ?NaEaC ?n, NanեOբ?Une IE?eYեi ?n Yi?գaoU, anaYo Nn?iCnaoU ?CY Yi?գեEao EYcaoUuYեnCY? YaoUYCeI Nեe?ian գUaoOեnCo: ?i ?N? UեI un` I?nIեU 1912A. ?n, U?Une E?Eai ??Y?a?nN ? ?YaoU Nane, UեYu ?e ??A?AiեoCYu Nane, ? ?OUaoI ?O?O?Iai E?ECe ?CYu, I?nIեe Uեn ?YUեO NaգCYեnA ?գaoU ?CY an iեncCY ?Yգ?U եYu iեeYaoU Uեn NanA ? բ?A?YiեEao եYu N?iեnA: ?UY A?U?Y?I eaianaoAUaoY I?n E?nբեn?aoU, ?Un U?n?I?Yo UեI?U?eYaoAUaoYA բeYIi?I ?CY N?nei?Y?Eao iեYaai: ??Une` O?YaoIA, բY?IaoAUaoY ? N?ei?iaoU ?UեnCI?UC EaiեE O?e u?O?uaoU, eI?բaoU` N?Yu??an, Nեi?գ?UaoU ??eYaoU ? NUaon?YaoC iեn: ԳY?Eaoo Nեia Y?U?I ei?o?Yu, anA եO?i ?e?cCY - iեncCYA: ԳnaoU ?n, an գanIեnA N?caO եY, ? a?in?eiiեu ?aoiai Oե? ?E բեnեEao եU Uaie: ?i ?N? CYaaեe AaOaiaon?Y ? ?eaoU, ??բ?AY aonբ?ACo ?aoi եI?i: in? N?e?i 1914 - 15 AA.: ԳUaoOaoU Eaon i?n?Iiեo, an AaonuեnA գ?????I IaianaoU եY N?UեnCY` aEY?UեEai aa Iեn, aa U?YaoI:

?nբ UեYu ?e a?in?eiiaoU ?CYu ??EYեEao, Uեn N?n??YA, anA Nane UiեnCU բ?nեI?UY ?n` ??գai uaon? eեUU?Nao? ?O?Y, Uե? բaEanCe N?i?uեo i?n?i CnեYo iaoY, ?U? A?U?Y?I N?Y?CaեoCYu AaonuեnCY, anaYu, NanեOբane` ?iեiCeC OեeuեnA I?a?I i?YaoU ?CY ea?YեEao, ??nOU?E Uեn բ?nեI?U uaon?A Yn?Yo OեeuCo Yn?Y ?E ???iեo, բ?Uo AaonuեnC ?եYuC aoAC ea?eY?Eao UCcaoai Uane ? 3 ?aun uaoUnեnCe ??EonCY, i?n?Y: Aե aon` ?U?aեe ?E aCU?o?Yu: ??aoIYեn EeեoCY, an գեnaoAU?Y ??Y?a?nNCY բaEanCY IaianեE եY: ?UeaCeai IեY??YC UY?oCYu NanեOբ?Une` ?iեiCeA, Nan?uaoUne` eaoEA?YA, UեI uaoUne` eեN?YA, ?aun uaoUne` ?Oe?Y ? եe: ?YanNCi Uեn բ?nեI?U uaon?C ? Cn iO?YեnC, UC Iեna Uե? N?eonեoCY գ?OA?I?YYեnCY: OC?Y?Eai գ?OA?I?Y N?UեnCY` UեYu ?E բeYեoCYu ?Eեue?Y?n?aaEC ??Y?a?nNA: ?anեOբ?Une ??Y?a?nNYեnCo AaoA N?i?uեEai ? Uե? eYiեEai` N?e?Yu ?Eեue?Y?n?aaE: ?C?aoU եU, an ?n?եY գ?naoY ?n, ?aun uaoUne` ?Oe?Y, UY?o ?Eեue?Y?n?aaEC anբ?YaoaoU, anaiNեi? i?i ?eaOcaoAU?Y a?i??eai ??i AaoUE ?n ? a?n I?naO?YaoU ??naoY?IեE գ?OAC ??Y?a?nNA, NեYo ?UYiեO ?E ?Yiեn ?YiCn?I?Y U?N?oեE ?:

?Eեue?Y?n?aaEaoU YanCo UC?Y?Eai գ?OA?I?YYեnCY, Uեn ??Y?a?nNA ??naoY?IեoCYu ? eaeI?EC i?Yc?YuYեnai N?e?Yu O?UIaa u?O?uA: AY??UեYA UC եnIao i?nC ?anեoCYu O?UIaaaoU, UեI unace` eեN?YCY ?UaoeY?onCYu UC գ?OA?I?Y iO?UC Nեi: 1917 A., ?n??YC I?Yn unեnCY YanCo UեYu եI?Yu ??U?ei?Y, CeI ?UY A?U?Y?Ii? ?n??YA? eaiC, iCyC, N?U???n?IYեnC u?O?u ?n: ?Ya??, ?Ye?NU?Y anբեn, anբ?YaoYեn, iեO aI?n: ?anեOբ?Une aI?naO?o?i CYO a?NեE: ??i UեI ?Ai?naoAU?Uբ, CYO UC Iեna iեO?ianեo ?n??YC ACi 5 anբ?YaoA, anaiNեi? Uեn բaEanCe NaգeA AYIեE ?n NanեOբane in?: ??Uo NanեOբ?Une ??i ?n CYO eCnaoU ao EO?aoU, եnI?n aAaOեo UY?U anբ?YaoaoU, N?Yեo ?UYiեOCo ? AY?aoYեo ?anao:

1926 A. U?niCY U?N?o?i EY?U?I?E? ?iեiCu NanեOբ?Une:?naoAUaoYA ??i I?Yn?o?i: OY?oC Nan?unace ? NanեOբane IYac EY?UuC i?I: ?YO ?E aonC? եEu aI?n, եe ana?եoC 17 i?nեI?Y N?e?IaoU AY?UC?i բ?A?YiեE Yn?YoCo, anaiNեi?, NanեOբane U?NCo Nեia Uեn AYi?Yե?I?Y ?naoAUaoYA ?aEiեo? ?E ?iեEC i?i?o?i: ԳCiեC, an O?UIaaaoU ?anaoU ?n Nane I?YaA E?a?inU?Y E?aCIA: ԳY?oC Yn?Yo Uai, A?U?Y?I?ian UY?oC ?UYiեO, UCYa? AY?aoYiեoC Ia?I?I?nC Uai, anaեe ???Iեni: O?UIaaaoU CYO N?Y?CaեoCY YanCo Ia?I?I?n եOբ?UnYեn` ??UI ? i?n??Y ?aiN?YYCeU?YYեnA, anaYu aoYեCY ?aOCI ?YaoYai uaoUn: 1930A. ?UaoeY?o? Yn? Nեi, ?UeaCeai iեnc ?YեEai iEaon, anբ, A???e?I?Y ao գ?OA?I?Y IU?YuCY: iեO??aEiեoC YanCo ?n??Y, բ?Uo ?UY A?U?Y?I ??i ?Ai?n ?n բY?I?n?YC EY?CnA: ?YO ?e?oCY, an Uan?գ?iCAC ? ?O?U??EaoC UեciեOA UC NaO?U?e եY N?iI?onեE E?nբեn?oCYեnC N?U?n, ? ?UեnCI?oCYեnA գaoU?n եY N?i?uեE ? I??UեE եY N?U?E?nբեn?oC?I?YYեnC UCaoAUaoY, ao?aoU եY I?eaooեE ?i?Y ? IaaեE Uan - E?nբեn?: ?UY A?U?Y?I E?nբեn?aoU I?n AY??UեYA 3-4 ?եYu. ?UY ?E UեI N?nI?YC, aniեO iեO?iani?I ?CY AY?N?UեYA 10-12 iYiեeaoAUaoYYեn:

?UeaCeC a?UU?YYեnaoU ?anեoCYu: aoYեo?Yu 7 եnեE?` 5 iO? ? 2 ?OcCI, եnեuA i?O N?e?IaoU U?N?o?Y: UեnI?UaoUe aoYեU 4 ??i?I` UեIe` eaoբեY OCY?eU?Y, IYiեE ? 1935 A. ?UaoeY?o?I ?, aoYC UեI ?OcCI: e?UiեE OCY?eU?YA ?UaoeY?o?I ?? IYiեE ? 1944 A. aoYC 2 եnեE?` UեIA iO?, UUaoeA ?OcCI: ??UIao? OCY?eU?YA? IYiեE ? 1948 A.: ??ai OCY?eU?YA` IYiեE ? 1954 A. ?UaoeY?o?I ?, aoYC 1 ?OcCI: 14.01.1979 A. Ua?-E??????? A?i 2 O??U?I??Գ ?a?aoA ?anaoA NCUY??niեE ? 1974 A.: I?eaooiեE ? ?eee Eaoe?ianaoAU?Y UCYCeinaoAU?Y IaOUCo: ?anaoC ?e?cCY iYunեYA եOեE ? ?ni?i??? Գ?anգU?YA: ?anao ?CY N???EaoU aեi. iYI?n?YC ? Uan-E?nբեn?C եnեE?YեnA: ?anaoA aoYեn ?YNn?Aե?i E?բan?ianC?Yեn, iեE. UCcaoYեn, eaani ??NEC?, բaoyեi: ?UY aoYեn եnIao U?eY??եYu` UեIA եnեu N?nI?YC, UUaoeA` եnIao, 30 ??e?eեYU?IYեnai: ?anaoC AY?N?Yaon U?IեnեeA 4456uU. ?, UC?UY ??e?eեYU?IYեnCYA` 2050uU.: 1974-75AA. aoe. i?naoU aoYեoեE ? 729 ???Iեni: ԳanIaoU ?CY գn?I?Y, a?nC, եnգC, Yi?գ?EUբC, ?Ian?եaYC EUբ?IYեn: 09.01.82 A. ??????E e??Գe? e??ԳeU?U ?UoU?I?Ue?Գ?aoAUaoU

?e` ?Cբn?CE e?nգeC e?nգeU?Ye, IYiեE եU 1898 A. a?neI?ei?YC aonUC u?O?uC Գ?a?բ?o գUaoOaoU: 1918 A. Գ?a?բ?oCo գ?OAեE գY?oեE եYu, ??O???C IaOUA: 1925 A. եe iեn???nOեE եU A?inC?, ?UYiեOCo Cn?iaoYuai եIեE եU ??U?ei?Y, բY?IiեE A???գUaoOaoU ??UYA??): A???գUaoOaoU I?YaA?oեE եU E?nբեn?Co եI?IYեn` uN?YU?Y E?aCICY, ?ao??YU?Y ԳnCգanCY, OIniaU?Y ??naoAUaoYCY: ?? 1930 Ai?I?YY ?n: ?e eIeեoC ?CY?n?naoAU?Y in? ??E?iեE: eaoբեY ?YaoYai U?n? I?n, CYACYեn ?n, եI?i ?e?cCY ?եYuC N?i?I?գCIA iiեo, UեYu eIeեoCYu ??E?iեE: OեYu AY??UեYA NCYգ NaգC ?CYu` uN?YU?Y E?aCIA, ?ao??YU?Y ԳnCգanA, OIniaU?Y ??naoAUaoYA, OIniaU?Y OaoIaoaA ? եe: eIeեoCYu YIaoOA u?Y?եE ? e?UEեnai u?n բեnեE: ?U? A?U?Y?I caon aI?n, anaեe?C ?CY?n?naoAUaoYA ??naoY?IեCYu: iO?YեnA ??naoY?IaoU եY NaOA U?unեE: ?e գYaoU ?C ?եYգ?iCA, ?UYiեOCo caonA I?aaoU, գoaoU ?C գa??IYեnA` բեnaoU N?eoYaoU ?C OanեnC բեn?YA: ?aonA N?eoYեEao N?U?n Y?iեn ?CY N?nI?ian: eaoբեYA ?YUCc?aեe Y?iեn a?in?eiեE iiեo:U?iեnA գoեoCYu OanեnC in? ? ?Un?onեoCYu: ?aonA eIeեoCYu I?U?o-I?U?o բեnեE N?eoYեE ?CY?n?naoAU?YA: ?UeaCeai UեYu 1930 A. եnIao N?nI?YC, YIaoOai, եnIao ?եYu I?eaooեoCYu ? ?U?aեe ??naoY?IեoCYu ??E?iեE UCYa? եnI?n i?nCYեn: O??A? e??a?? ???OU?U

?e` O?nA? eեnaբC ???UU?Ye, IYiեE եU 1896 A. E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC, aU?I?I?գ u?O?uC, ????nC գUaoOaoU` NaO?գanIC AYi?YCuaoU: ??Une ?բ?OiaoU ?n գUaoO?iYiեeaoAU?Uբ, ??E?i?eեn, բ??U??YanN ??E?i?ian ?n: ԳCiեn UC u?YC ?nNեeiYեn` NUaoeYaoAUaoY, anUY??CnaoAUaoY ? ?UEY: Oեn AYi?YCuA բ?OI?o?I ?n NCYգ Naգaoo: ?UY գUaoOC բ?nեIեoCI IEեnCo ?n, aoYեCYu UC u?YC ?UգC ? i?eYU?IC N?eYaO ?niեn: aoYեCYu Y?? 30-40 UեOiC ?եA?I: OեOi?բaoIaoAU?Uբ ?բ?OiaoU ?n U?Une: Oեn գUaoOA` ????nCY ?Aei ?i?Y?aoAU?Y գUaoOA ?YoU?EaoU aoYեoեE ? N???n IaoE) N?U?բY?I ?n: ??oC եnIao uaon? NaiCiYեnCo` aonC? ui?n ??գC YեnI?U?oaooCa aI?n: 1915 A. եOեeYCo ?e?c գUaoOaoU I?UCY Uai 70-80 AYi?YCuYեn, anaYu բaEanY ?E ?բ?OiaoU ?CY եnIn?գanIaoAU?Uբ: ?Y?ICaYեnA ??E?i?eեn ?CY, բ?Uo N??Ci I?naO?YaoU ?CY I?UnA-I?UnCY N?eoYեE: e?I?i?NaOaoAUaoYA ? N?iI?aեe e?I?i?cnaoAUaoYA AaoUE a?CY i?ECe, an ??E?i?ianYեnC A???I uniCYuA i?nO?iniեn Aei ?nA?Y?iaoUY: oCa բեnu ? եI?Uaoi ?CY ei?YaoU, CeI եnբեUY ?E i?nCY ??IaoU ?CY iY?eai: ԳUaoOaoU I?n բ?nեOեY եIեOեoC` Cn N?n?ICo ?anaoai, aniեO UCYa? aannan? ??e?n?YA eaianեE եU Y?? եe: ???UU?YYեnC գեn??ei?YA ?YoU?EaoU եOեE ? ??i UեI ? բ??U?Y??U, anA Nեi?գ?UaoU բ?A?YiեEai i?nբեn AYi?YCuYեnC` IanonեE ? Cn Y?EICY NեOCY?IaoAUaoYA:

?OեeYCo ?e?c գUaoOaoU I?UCY ???UU?Y ??գ?YaoYai NCYգ ?e?YOCY AYi?YCuYեn, anaYu ?UYu?Y Nեe?oեE ?CY UCUU?YoCo, an Yn?Yo UCYa? ?Yգ?U ?UaoeYaoAUaoY AaoUE?inեEC ?n: 1915 A. գ?nY?YA u?O?uC` aU?I?I?գC ?CYian?I?Y C?E?YaoAU?Y IaOUCo Oեnբ?I?EiեoCY գUaoOC ?auC AYIYaO N?U?nU? բaEan iO?U?n?CI, anaYo AiaoU Y?? N?Une: ??YiaoU UC u?YC ??բ?A i?Yc?N?nեEaoo Nեia` բaEanCY ???i ?CY ?nO?IեE, anaiNեi? ?եneCUC uaon? oեO?aեiեnCo UեIA` ???n?Y, anC AYi?YCuA u?ian?I?Y I?aեn aoYեn գUaoOC Nեi, ea?eY?oեE ?n Nn?եNեE aU?I?I?գA, inեAEY?Cn ECYեE UեO?ianYեnC YI?iU?Uբ: o?O?uC C?E?YaoAU?Y եnIUaoOA ?եneCUC ???i?eեn ? C?E?YaoAU?Y UCYa? iեncեne aեYA?nIiaO uaon? oեO?aեiYեnCo, N?iI?aեe ???n?UCo ??i UեI ?n: ?U? N?Yգ?U?YuY ?E eiCaեE ?n C?E?YaoAUaoYYեnCY ???iեE N???noCYեnCY: UaoUY O?ai բ?YiCo ???iiեE ?CY ??OAaoI գUaoOC iO?U?n?CI: ?U? ?եauCo Nեia eIeiեo iեO?N?YaoAUaoYA` ?ueanA: ԳUaoOaoU UY?o?I բY?ICaYեnCY, բeYC iեO?N?YեoCY ? u?O?uC ao ?nc?YC UUaoe գUaoOեnC բY?ICaYեnC Nեi u?եoCY ?եaC ?n?բC?UC ?Y?a?iYեnA: ?ueani?I գUaoO?oCYեnCo N?U?nU? aa au a???iiեo: OCYa? բeYC iեO?N?YaoAUaoYA գUaoOC բY?ICaYեnC UեI U?eA ?a?ei?YեE ?CY ?եneCUaoU: ?nեYo IU?YuA iei?NեEai ?բ?Uo aa aoYեoi?IuA) un?եnC UեI?NaգaoAU?YA: Oեn AYi?YCuA ?UբaOcaoAU?Uբ Y?? UUaoe Uai ? Nեe?ian ??գ?I?Y AYi?YCuYեn UեI ?UբaOc i?nC 1915 A. NaoYCe ?UeCo UCYa? 1916 A. uգaeiae ?UCeA CnեYo գaUaoAUaoYA a?Na?YեoCY ?եneCUaoU, UCYa? eaoe?I?Y N?OA?I?Y բ?Y?IYեnA N?e?Y ?n?YI? ? բ?EեoCY ?Y?eCI ?եneCUC ?eYեnA: OեYu AYi?YCuai iեO??aEiեoCYu ?n?YI?, ?U?eY ao ??Y?Y UC ?UCeA ?YoI?onCYu ?n?YI?UaoU, CeI ??Y?Y iեncA iեO??aEiեoCYu ?n?naoU: 1917 A. ?եini?nU?Y NեO??aEaoAUaoYCo ?YUCc?aեe Nեia eaoe?I?Y բ?Y?IA ?n?YI?UCo Y?N?Ycեo ? ?YUCc?aեe ?n?YI? Ui?i Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IA ? Iaianեo եOեeYCo U???aaonI եO?I N?U բY?ICaYեnCY, anaYo a?n N?caOiեE OUեei? oaoni-e?eY?U?YCuC a?UU?YYեnaoU Nեi?եE Y?N?YcaO eaoe?I?Y ?anuեnCY: U?N?YcaO բY?IaaoAU?Y UC U?eY ?E ??Y?a?nNCY oni?N?niեE ?n ? ?n?naoU N?e?i UեI U?e?Uբ N??U?Y??U iC??IaoU: Գ?naoYY ao ?U?eA UC Iեna ?YoI?onCYu ?n?naoUaoU, CeI ??Y?Y eI?բYեnCY Aaonu?I?Y ea?eY?ECuA ?n?եY eե?E ?n: ??Une ?U? ?U?e i?E??Yiեo IaIan?C u?OoIեOCo, UY?oCYu եnեu uaoUnեne ? U?Une: OUe?Y eI?բCY Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IA N?e?i ?n?naoUC U?iaoUoYեnCY: ii?YգA ??UnIEU?Y AnC YU?Y I?Eiեo եOեeYCo Nn??uai ?nIi?I, ?n?YI?UC Y?N?YcCo UC Iեna iեn?an?I, ?n?naoUaoU Iaoi?Ii?I N?UaoAU?Y գEECY: 1918 A. NaoYi?nC iեncCY eIeiեo Y?? ?n?naoUC N?U բY?IaaoAU?Y Y?N?YcA: ??nOU?E բeYեoCYu ??EaoeiC ??Y?a?nNA: oaoni, u?Oo, NCi?Y?aoAUaoYYեn: U?N?YcaOYեnC UC U?eA UY?o ??Y?a?nNCY I?U aaYa?o?i u?OoCo ao ??Y???Y NCi?Y?aoAUaoYYեnCo, anaYoCo ?եnI aUY?o Y?? Uեn AYi?YCuA: ?n?Yu EEեoCY Y?? Uեn U?UnCIC ? Inieեn unac ?YY?UC IU?YuA, UY?oCYu եnIao uaoUnեne` եe ? O?nC?UA ? N?ei?iiեoCYu ?Eեue?Y?n?aaE ??UAU ԳUaoUnC) u?O?uaoU: ?U?iեO ?E CYO anaեe ?UaoeCY Cn OեeuY ?e?c?nIեo E?nբեn?C Iaiu գUaoOC YեnI?U?oaooCa ԳnCգan ?ao??YU?YA: I??Uiեo Uեn AYi?YCuA: 1928 A. AYi?YCuai iեO??aEiեoCYu ?n??Y ? N?ei?iiեoCYu Yan NCUY??ni?I Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YaoU, anC NCUY??CnYեnCo եnIaoeA ??nO?Yu Y?? UեYu` ?UaoeCYYեne: Oեn AYi?YCuA Uan-E?nբեn?aoU ei?o?i Yan բY?I?n?Y, NaO, Oեeu բեnեo Y?? ?Y?eaoYYեn ? բ?nեIեoCI IU?Yu eiեOIեo Cn N?U?n: aoYեo?Yu ??i?IYեn` եnIao iO? ? եnIao ?OcCI: 1933 A. CYa an a?i??eYեnai iեO??aEiեoCYu ?UaoeCe?UCY IaiI?e:

?UeiեOCo iեnc?YaoU ? O?nA? ???UU?YC IեYe?գnaoAUaoYA, anaiNեi? Y? եnI?n aC ?anaoU: ?UaoeCYA ԳnCգan ?ao??YU?YA Cn aane ? Yan IYacCo IYi?I եnIao ??i?IYեnai ??nOU?E iեn???eYaoU ? Uan-E?nբեn?: O?nA?UC եnIao ??i?IYեnA ?UAU aI?Y, UYaoU եY UC?UY e?nգCeA ? ?YY? ?ao??YU?YA, anaYu ??naoY?IaoU եY ?anեE Uan-E?nբեn?aoU ? UCYa? une ?E Yn? ?UեY?NCY բY?ICaYեnCo եY: ԳnC ?e?i` on?nU?Y O?aY?A 1977 A. Eao??? ?e?i?U?U? U?O?IA e??Գ?e ?ao??UU?U?U e???E? ????I?OU?? ei?o?Yu Oեn aoO?nI?I Y?U?IA, ??i aon?E եYu, an E?i եu ? ?eaOc, N?caOaoAUaoY եYu U?OAaoU Oեn բaEan գanIեnCY: ?e ?YY?UCY ??i եnI?n Y?U?I գnեoC Oեn NanեOբan U?eCY, Ui?IեEai, an ?U? Y?U?IA II?n??u ?UբaOc AYi?YCuai, բ?Uo NCU? գnaoU եu, an Uե?YCo Y?U?I aեu ei?oեE ? N?noYaoU եu, Aե CYaY ? a?i??eA, an aեu գnaoU, UեYu ?UeiեO ?YN?Uբեn ea?eaoU եYu Y?U?IC a?i?eE?YCY, aգCiեU CYaao ?YY?Y aa?i?eE?Yեo Y?U?ICe: e?nգCe եOբ?Un, NեYo an I?n??oCYu Oեn Y?U?IA ? CU?o?Yu, an iեOեIaoAUaoYYեn եu ao?aoU Oեn AYi?YCuC ?Y??UYեnC U?eCY, ?YUCc?aեe գY?oCYu ??IaբU?YYեnC iaoY, բ?Uo Y? aaCYa aգCiեn ua Nan AYi?YCuC U?eCY: aգCiեU CYaao a?Cu գnեE, an գY?Yu NanեOբan? N?noYեYu ?U? U?eCY, եnբ UC u?YC Naգaoo EanNaon? N?nonCYu, բaEanA Uե? ?e?oCY, Aե CYaao եYu Nեeao ?YinaoU, եnբ I?nեEC ? ?U? U?eCY N?noYեE NեYo OaoI?eCY` ?UeCYuY NanեOբan?: ?nեI եnեIaU?Y Nn?iCnեE ?CYu NanեOբan? Uեn iaoY UC u?YC aonC? IaiեoCYեnC, Nեi Yn? a?i?eE?YYեnCo I?naO եU գnեE Nեi?U?EA: a?aCIC? ?YaoYA եOեE ? I?n?aեi: i?iCIC? ?YaoYA O?nU?U, aoYեoեE եY iեo եnեE?, եnեu ?OcCI` Aեnե?, i?n?եn ?anA IեY??YC ?, ?anaoU ? AaonuC?UC E?nբեn?aoU), ?YY?Y, anA U?N?oեE ? i?O N?e?IaoU: ?nեu iO?` e?nգCe, ԳnCգan ?N?Un?) ? OaoI?e: a?aCIC? NanեOբan ?YaoYA եOեE ? ?aiN?YYեe, IYac ?YaoYA` O?nC, aoYեoեE եY aane եnեE?Yեn` եnIao ?OcCI` ?O?iYC ? ?eIaoNC, եnIao iO?, anaYu Iaian?ICY ??i ?aun եY եOեE NanեOբ?Un? Yn?Yo ?YaoYYեnA aI?naO?o?i NC?եE: ??nonեoC` Aե ??գ?I?YYեnC ?YaoYYեnA NC?aoU ?, ?e?o, an UեYu ??գ?I?YYեn եYu, CU Nane i?iCIC Uan U?UnA ?ao??YU?YYեnC AYi?YCuCo ? եOեE, ?YaoYA E?AaoY, ?UaoeYao ?YaoYA` aaOae: ?Ueu?YA I?naO?o?Yu CU?Y?E Yn?YCo, եAե an?? UեICY N?Y?CaեYu, anA aonC? ??գ?I?YYեnC U?eCY I?naO?Y? Uե? iեOեI?oYեE, Oե? IգnեYu : e?nգCe եOբ?Un,NanեOբ?Un? Iao?եY? CU?Y?E, Aե CYaao եu ao?aoU ?Ue բaEanA, եAե գ?OiYCu a?, EY?naoU եYu UC եnIao iaO գnեu Uե? ?U? U?eCY, anaեe?C CnեY N?Oan?եYu, եAե CN?nIե N?nU?n եu գiYaoU: ԳnեU Y??, an NanեOբ?Un? aoYC aane ?OcCI` ?O?iYC, Aեnե?, Oեneե?եe, O?nC?U, եnIao iO?` e?nգCe ? I?n?aեi, anA U?N?oեE ? ?aun A?U?Y?I: ?OcCIYեnCo եnIaoeA ? iO?Y ?UaoeY?o?I եY: i?YA NCU? CYuA, ICYA ? եnIao ?OcCIYեnY եY ?anaoU, EեO?A UCYa? NCU? ?եe aգCiC Nan? U?Ni?Y U?eCY: ?Ueu?YA eCnեECYեne, ?i?niaoU եU Y?U?Ie ea?eեEai ?YN?Uբեn a?i?eE?YCY: EY?naoU եU ??i գnեu, an N?Ua?i?I ECYեU, an iեOեIaoAUaoYYեne N?e?Y Oե?: ?UբaOc AYi?YCuai E?i եYu, ??E?iaoU եYu, ?eaOcaoAUaoY ? N?caOaoAUaoY եYu U?OAaoU բaEanC?: ?եnU?գCY բ?n?Yեn ? N?UբaoUnYեn ?YY?UCY, ?aOCIեYo, i?neCIեYo, eե?n?IեYo ? Oե? բaEanC?` eCnai ? I?naiai:

07.02.1978 A. ?ao??UU?U Գ??Գa? I???a?i? IYiեE ? 1892 A. E?nբեn?C Iaiu գUaoOaoU, գUaoO?oao AYi?YCuaoU: ???U?Y??U AYi?YCuC ?anaoeiCY YեoaoI ECYեEao ? N?iI?aեe Aaonu?I?Y UCc?i?UnaoU IU?YuC ?a?NaiaoAU?Y N?U?n 1912 A. գYaoU ? ?OU, CeI EeեEai 1915 A. N?U UեI եOեeYC, AY? anaoU Cn գUaoOC ao AYi?YCuC a?n?a?n IaianեEao ? N?UnեYC գUaoOC ?iեniեEao U?eCY, ??iեnC Nեi inեAai Eoi?I I?U?ian ? գniaoU IaiI?eU?Y ??I?iC N?U?n ? 1915 A. OaonU?YeIC in?Uai N?eYaoU ? eaoe?ei?Y, ? գ?Eai ACyECe` UiYaoU ? oեeao I?U?ian?I?Y aannan? գaoY?A: IaiI?eU?Y ??I?iC ?CY?????nCo Nեia, 1916 A. uգaeiaeCY, oեeao գaoY?A ?aE??niaoU ? a?neI?ei?Y, ?YգEC?oCYեnCY uգYեEao, ? e??Y?aoOC i?I AaonuեnC ?եU UOi?I ??I?i?U?niaoU oեeao ?aNiեEaoo Nեia ԳnCգanA UUaoe ?CYianYեnC Nեi գ?ECe ? ACyECe ? I?eUaoAU?Y ? UiYaoU ?an?i?n ?Y?n?YCIC Uai: ?n?naoUC eaeI?EC Y?N?YcC A?U?Y?I, 1918 A. ?եini?nC 21-CY ԳnCգanA ?YOY??aN u?caoAUaoY ? oaoUo i?ECe N?U գ?OA?I?YaoAU?Y Y?N?YcA Aaonu?I?Y N?nO?IaoUYեnCo a??ia?YեEao գanIaoU, CeI Y?Eu?Y Y?N?YcA` ?IiCiaoAUaoY ? oaoo?բեnaoU AaonuեnC ??Eon?I N?U եnեE?YեnCY N?i?uեEao ?Ai?nCY ??E?i?YuaoU, u?YCoe ii?YգC եYA?nIեEai Cn IU?YuA: 1920 A. N?U-Aaonu?I?Y a?iեn??UCY, եnբ CYuA ?anuC Nեi Y?N?YcaoU ?, Cn Yan?N?ne ICYA գեnC ? UYaoU aane ?Ue?I?Y եnեE?UC Nեi I?O?i?YaoU, anaYo aC IC?naO?YaoU ???iեE եnI?n a?na?niեEaoo Nեia, NեiuA IanoYեEai:

1921 A. գYaoU ? I. aaECe IYacY ao եnեE?UCY գiYեEao NaoUeai, anY ?YoYaoU ? ?a?n?UaoY ? N?UnեYCuC eեnA ԳnCգanCY բեnaoU ? EanNn??UCY ??U?ei?Y` 1921 A. ??Y?YA, aon ? ?UaoeY?YaoU, Yan AYi?YCu ? I??UaoU: Uan-E?nբեn?C NCUY??nU?Y unCo, 1929 A. ԳnCգanY ?e?cCYYեnCo ? ECYaoU ?UYiեOC բY?ICaYեnC` c?Y?eCnaoAU?Uբ ??E?iեEai Cn N?UnեYCuC ?YaoYA InaO Uan-E?nբեn?C ?CY?n?naoAU?Y Uեc, ?a?` IaEEa?aoU, UCYa? Cn U?NA, 1970 A.: ԳnCգanA i?UեEaoU ?n NCY ao Yan-E?nբեn?oCYեnC N?nգ?YuA: ??nգ?Yu Yn? NC??i?ICY: 07.10.1978 A. ???aoAUaoU O??i?IU?U Oեn բ?nեI?U ? ??գ?I?Y ??naoAUaoY O?niCIU?YCY EY?nեoC, an եe ao?aoU եU Uեn a?aեnC U?eCY UC Nao??U?iU?Y գnեE, բ?Uo CU N?UnA` ԳnCգan ?ao??YU?YA, CYaaեe գCiեu ?n?եY i?Oaoo aI?, Y? U?N?oեE ?: aoeiC aեiu ? EY?nեU Oե?` anaեe Uե? ??գ?I?Y ? բ?nեI?U, գnեu Oեn IYY??i?UnCo Nao?եn, anA Y?? CU Nan ? a?aեnC IYY??i?UnY ? եOեE: U? a?i?eE?Yեo,- ?Aե ao?aoU եe գnեE Iaiu գUaoOC ? YaoUY?YaoY Iaiu E?C U?eCY, ?ao I?naO եe iեnoYեE i?Nե ??UIC «E?nբեn? եo ?Yan aeIեO?Y ???iA» Nao??U?iU?YA, anC Uեc եe Na?i?I եU գnեE «Iaiu» (I?uE?Cu) a?iU?I?Y ?IY?nIA: ?UYiեO Y?iaoU ? Uեn գUaoOC IեYo?O?UCY ? a?iU?I?Y Nao?եnA: ?e ?E iեnonեoC anaեe YUaoA ? գnaoU եU YaoUYaoAU?Uբ CU Nao??U?iU?YC Uեc: 04.05.1980 e?nգCe ?ao??YU?Y Iaio ?I?uE?Cu) «??nAC՛u ??eu CU, ??nAC՛u» Uեneեe ?YanN?EC

IaiuC U?eCY գni?I ?Ue iaOեnA anaեe I?UIեn AaO E?eYiCY E?nբեn?C ?Ue U?iU?YCY ? բaEan գ?i?eYեnao U?iեY???n?YYեnaoY Uեc ?YAեOi?I I?UIեnaoY: ??UaoAU?Y N?e?YaO eեnaoY?YեnA, ?Ue U?iU?YYեnA I?n??Eai ,i?e UY?Y N?UnեY?eCnaoAU?Uբ, anaեe?C YiCn?I?Y NaOեnA Uե?C ??eY?Y, ?iեn?IYեnA iեn??CYiCY ? N?U AaOaiaon?A եnգ? «??nAC՛n ??eu CU, ??nACn»: a?iO?I?U ?IU??I Iaiu I?U I?uE?Cu UY?oan?Y ao ??n?YuY ? N?Uao a?iU?I?Y NCY Ia??o ??E?nNCY: I?nեEC ? AeեE CYau?Y NCY ? Uեn a?iUaoAUaoYA` YaoUYu?Y NCY ? IaiuCYA: IaiuC ?nc?I?UuaoU Aեn?e IA գiYiCY ?YACi, ?YN?U?n NCY ao A?U?Y?I?ICo ??euեnao ? Nao??nO?YYեnao ?aE ?iեn?IYեn, ?Ue բaEanA, Cբn? a?iU?I?Y ??eiեn I?a?oaooեY, an IaiuA ?anեn ? Cn ??euC unեn: Oեn ?YU?N N?UnեY?eեnYեnao ? ?Yբ?eCn Naգ?an?I?Y eiao?YOiե?Yo Գ. ?aCeIaaae Cn ??ni?n գnaai Nեi?U?E գaOinCI iaOեnai ?U?a?եn ? Cn N?UnեY?eCn?I?Y EanaoYI ?գ?oaoUYեnA ? aoni?գIեn` IaiuC NCY ? A?U?Y?I?ICo ??euեnY ao ?YaYo ?YIaoUA:

«OեICY ??U?ei?YC aannan? ??Uu Y?N?YգC գ?i?eYեnեY UCY ? Ia??o ??E?nN, Ia?u OեI, գni?I ? Y?? Iaiu, ?e?iեE ?Yi?YC եO?I Iaiu I?U Iaiu ?YanN?EaoY Nan, iaNUCY ? եOբ?n? բY?I?i?Un ECYեEai: ?eI?aեe Iai I?U Iaiu UA I?U E?nբեn?C, ?n?Yao ? O?E?ACaU Eեe?Yo UCc?, բ?Uo E?nբեn?ao IA iեn?բեnC ? ?Yan ?iեEC UaiCI ?, Cբn? 6 A?U: ?e IA I?nIեU Aե Iaiu I?U IaiuY ? IaiCI բ?e. e? Cn Uեc aoYեn ?OU?I UA: ?ae ??U?ei?YU?o եIեOեoiaU ? ??գC ?YanNuY I?գ?I ?: ?ae IY?I, ?Ya?I, E?o?I, եnգ?I ao ?OaA?I ? Uեneեe ?YanN?ECY, aoeiC ? CU ?Ue ?Yգ?U aoO?anaoAU?Y ?UեY?UեI ??Ne եO?i N?Y?CaեE ao եnIna?գեE ?Ue IaiCICY ? ?OU?ICY, cnao ? i???nC ?iեn?ICY, aon ?UեY?UY CYa ?YanN?EC ?n...»: iCգn?Y?IեniեY C ?եnUaoI ? C aYuao? iեn???nO?I ?C, aoeiC E?nբեn?C in?Uau aCiC ?YoYեC, գ?UC: aYuao?եY 9 A?U եI?I ?CYu, I?n?i?YA Uaon uA??YY An?i oեUi?Y-գեiN?Y-գեOA. եe ?Yo?U ? aoOCO ?n?NեiեY EaianեEai, բ?n?I aoOCai UA ??i բ?nOn Eեe UA եE?Yu. Iao?եC ?Ya?i??e YaoUY գC?եnA N?Uao Iaiu գեO I?U Aei Anu?o IեaE??I Cc??YեE: ?ao ao In?I եO?I ?n ????I eniCe Uեc, IA iaգanեn NaգCe ? U?nUCYe ?UYaեe IA ?գ?UC, եAե YaoUY unA aN?eYCU, aiեeYեU, aN?YբaonեU ?U? caonY ao NaOA aCiC UեeYCU I?nai?Iե?` ?aue բ?o UY?Eai...

?n?եY NY?n a?n OC YeiեE, IA u?EեU, IA i??եU, IA AeCU, ? ?N? a?O Nai UA , u?UE UA ?e ? ?N? IaiuY Cn o?YI?EC եnեeA oUaoo... I?nI?Uեo?U... ai I?naO ? YI?n?գnեE ?UY բaoeY ? Ean N?Ua?UaoYuY, an iCnեo CU NaգեI?Y ? U?nUY?I?Y բai?Y??I U?e?Yo in?U: ai CU a??iեEC ?YanN?EaoUe ii?I ao ?e?I, unNY?I ao unNY?I ?OaA?I ao եnգ?I iեOC iեe?n?Y ao N?Y?Ce?n?Y...: ?UAU IA ?գ?U Aե U?n?, an ?eiC??Y N???i?IaoAU?Y Uեc IA գiYiC, եnբ Uaon ?UեYեY ?iեEC eCn?ICY N?Y?CaC: o?nեnao գEaoEA u?n?o?I UY?oեn եU ? ?a? գեiCYA A?i?Eեo? եnեe?Ue in?U: IA ??nCU, IA գnIեU, IA a?գեU, IA eA??CU, ? ?UE ?aեne aiեnoaooC եnICYu: ?nICYuեY բ?nOn ??eu UA գi?I ?C: ?aue C IaiY, UC?i C IaiY, ?ե?i C IaiY: - Iai, ?ao ?՞n aեe ICI?OCn:

- ??Yեn IanaYեU Uaon Uեc aoaooYեn. N?noaoUYեn IAYեU CnեY aa?i?eE?Yեn: Uaon ???Yo ?ECuYեnA, an IA I?I??Y ?e?Yo NaOU?IaIaoAU?Y ? ?e?Yo ?aAanCIC, Y??Y ? Aե ?aAanCIA գ?YC ?UYu?Y iեnaoi?n Nao?i?I ?, anaU IaonIuA aoe?I ?n ? IaiaoY EanեnA IaIai EC, YU?Y A?i?e ??EaUC anaU գEaoEY ao ?եUuA ??UEaoY եn?C ???U?Y?Yեnai, aeIեNaoe ?եOեY?IYեnai, բ??Uե?E բ?nOn??aou ?OaeInե գ?NaUCo in?U, ?ni?uaoei եn?aoUA եn?եEC ? Y?E?YOեEC, բ?Uo ??naoY?I ?ni?eiեY Uaon ?aեnA, o?iY ao IeICIA InIե YեneեY ?Yan eCniY, E?o ao NեIեIե, u?Y?C Ianeao?I ? Y? Uaon եnIao ?a?o EaoUe եnIao ??i?IYեnA, եnIaouY ?E A?գ?ICn գEaoEYեn, UCY ??eu եIեOեoiaU, UUaoeY ??eu ?Uaoo??YaoAU?Y: IaiCIY ?auC O? aoYC, IaoUeC UA ?auCY aCiC AeեC, բ?Uo ?E ?C?i U?YI?U?n? ?UnaoU UA IYU?Yեn, EanNn??ian գեOեoIaoAU?Uբ ? ?YanNuai գեOaoY ?I?Y aOC UA, ?an ?ni?eaoYuY ?iեEC Nn?aaonCa IA գanIեY, Eեn?Yo ?nc?Y?IC UA Uեc ?U?a?i?I, ? CYaaեe e? aea UA ?auCY բCբA, ?UYaեe IA UY?U ? Iեn?Y?U e? ao u?Uu?Ui?I ?եYu UA ?Ue IaiaoY Uեc, IAO?U?I-?OU?ICY in? e. U??Y i???nCY ?iեn?IY: ?iեn?I, anu?Y ?եnICYe բ?nOn ? UեI?i?UեEaoa CU eniCe N?U?n...: ԳC?եnA ?YuaoY ?YoaooCYu, ?n??EaoUeCY Y?i YeiեoCYu IO?CY եnA?Eao, ?i?O ?aեnaoe, e? ao eaCi?I u?nեn oCn ao o?Y E?nE?Eե?E anUaoYu ? եA I?Y...: ??UբaoUn u?nեnaoY, N?UբaoUn NaOեnaoY, N?UբaoUn ?E?i?I?o in?U բaoe?I EaiեnaoY: ?i oaOY ??U?ei?YC NaգiaUY ?noaoYuY, an ?UեY ?e?iai ICcYեn ??O?EեE IO?եICe ?a?CYեn ? u?nեnao EC?եnեY IE?I Aao?եnA, E?եoC, InIեoC, ????IեoC, CU ?E oaOեne A??եEai NaY: ?եe 50 i?nC U?e?c ?ei IA բY?IեCY IaiեoC N?Uue, ? Y?E Aեn?IO?CY ?n Uե?Uե ??iեnA ?Ue ?i???YA UInii?I եY- ?e IeեCY CU Y?iCaYեne: Eaoe?iCa UA aեiu ?n ?C?i ?Ue a?Naoe eaoUY ?eiao?I?բY?I ?iեn?ICY ? ?eiao?I?nեE IaiuCY iEaon ao ieեU iեeCEY iaեn, a?iIեn ?an ?iեEC IA IեY??Y?oYեn ?n?aoY I?գU?Y uYuao? ??e?գ?UAY, ? Eեe?Yo ao I?eao eiiեnYեnA IA I?Eեn եnIY???UE Iaiaoe բUaonեOU? IaoaoUY Uեc, ?Ue a?Naoe` եnբ OIaoYu եn?Uai IA I?UieեCY, եnբ AeaaoYu ACe-ACe IA AeեCY: ??Uo CYaa՞o ?UեYuY ?E ?YO?UY ?CY: i?N եnբ Eeեn ?n UեneեeCY uY?nA-??nACu ??eu CU-եnգեEեY, ?an IA Yi?գեn ?i?nAY Naգiai-AY? ?ao?nAaoYe Yan եnգe ?eե?E YanaգaOCY- ? IA InIYեCY ?Ue A??ian ?E?EaeCI iCn?oaou-?EեEaoC?-,?UY unեY ?E Ee?I ?CY AeaYaoY ??UE?UECu-:

ai InY?U բ?A?YaoCE Oե?Uե,- ?? ao ?iեn eaonբ U??Y?U: a՛i InY?U AaOaoE ?Oե?, u?nCYu ao ?ECu Iaiu-?OեICe: ?n?Uau anu?՞Y aCiC ?anCYu ?aou I?U եe: i?Un CYO եnICYu ?UY եnc?YCI ?eCAY InIYեEao ?YN?գ N?UբaoUne ? ?YN?i ?noaoYue C Oե?: -EեnCYu ? եAեnu IaiICe, Oե?, an ?nO?գ?Yu ii?I ao ?e?I եu ?YanN?EC եnգao ao UեOե?ե?o ?YanN?EiaoUY-: ?aonu ? AeaaoYu, Oե?, an ?ao?nA E?Ui?Yau ????I ao ??nA?I եu եnIY?UCY ??aoOCY ?գ?oU?Yo uY?nCY NaգեOեY AեEեnA-: ?eiOեu ? ?nեգ, Oե?, an a?UI?e ? ?uեO ??e?գ?UAYեnai aգ?ani?I եu a?UI?e NaգCY NaգեYi?գCY-?e?iai EaoeaU, ?nեգ?IY ?n??n, ?e Ce EaoUe I?գե?-գեOգեOaOCY-: -?եe o?U?u aեE?I, N?iu UA IA iեeYեU, e?an?I ?եiaonai, բ?n?I i?CIai, գEanCI գEEai, ?an Ie?I ?n UեI uai, AEan?I ?aեnai, eaCi?I E?Ycai, IYIYեnA I?E?I cnaoUY ?Eե?o in?U Iեnեn?U, eգ?ianC UA I?U ?YգCY Ianaoei aoYեoaOC UA IA YU?YC, բYaoAU?Y ? ?e?iaiU?Y բaEan գեOեoIaoAUaoYY ao ?i?nAaoAUaoYY CnեY in?U a???եn, ?Y?aoUA N?U?ou UA IA Oգե ?auC I?Unai ?եaC Uե? եnբեUY: OCY?I UC?UY?I ? CYuY բaEanaiCY: ??YI?nI IaiaoY N?i?IA ICcYե I?YNեi?Y?U, EanեnA IA eao?ե, ? ?N? cnaUY եnեeA IեEYե a?n?a ? aoY?UY, UC?YaoUY iEaon iCaai ao ?Cnuai...-: -?՞Ya ? ?Ue AeaYaoY ?YaoYA, N?noaooC IaiեoC AYIեnYեnCe: -Aanae ?Oբ?n ? Uaon ?YaoYA: -Aanae ?Oբ?n, ?e Yan ??nI UA eniCe... -?n?Uau anaU ?YOY?ianaoAUaoYY ?n ?UY-:

-?՛U, Aanae ?Oբ?n, an IA eao?եe Iaiaoe EanեnA, IA eao?եe eniCe ?Y?aoY?YեnA: Aanae ?Oբ?n, an UեI IanaoeiYեn? IA EY?nեe, ?n?Ua՞u i???nCY Aե ??NEC?CY, E?aYU?Yo, եAե UեneեeU?Yo, ?եAaoUU?Yo, եAե ԳnCգanU?Yo, EaUnY եAե e?O?i?niY, E?aY եAե գ?UCeaYY, ?եiaonCIY եAե aaOai?iCIY, ?na?UY եAե ?na??IY, ?eiao?I?բ?Y U?iե?YY եAե գ?NaoUu ?nuaoY?I?Y, ICn?YCY եAե ?UC?anaYY, iI?U?eեnCY բaoni?eY ao ?OaA?U?iaoUoY եAե AanaeC eaonY inCAaoo...?U Aanae ?Oբ?n, AeCn CYO Nեi, AeCn ?uե? i?YCU N?UnեYCuեY Nեe?oU?E N?Uao C iեe, C NaoU? ? C NaoU?...: ??Uo ?ao IA UեnAեe, aեe N?Ua?iCn, ? aa iեOե? IA բ?AYiCe: ?Ua ?ao aoOCO եe, ?ao?ե, EY?nե, anaYե ?U? iեOA, IanaoeiA` Ianei?I iեOA...: i?eaaon?I?Yoao բao??aoYa N?UnեY?eCn?I?Y UCiuA, Nao?Ca iեnEaoIaoUai, IaiuC auY?O ao ?YYU?Y E?C, Yn? cCYc ao ?aoE?E cnեnC in?U eaon?oaO ao EaO?oaO Aanae ?Oբ?n AeaY?IC ?YaoYA, anA ?Yi?n?IaoUe ?i?Y??I?YanեY, anaեe EanNn??YC? a?Nեn eեnY?ե-eեnaoY? Ia??o ??E?nNC UY?oan??o Uai: ?U? EanNn??YC?A N?i?Y?բ?n ICECIU?Y C?E?YaoAU?Y ??e?iCOYեnեY ?UY AanaeY ?n, Aanae C?E?YA. anA Aao??Y??I?Y գեnaoAUaoYեY Nեnae?բ?n iեn???nO?i Cn N?UnեYC uc?EA ? iեn?I?YգYեo ICECIU?Y C?E?YaoAUaoYA: OեI i?eaaon?I?YoCY Cn EaNեnao ? NaoU?եnao գnuC ?YaoYA ?nեo Aanae ?Oբ?n I?U ??U?ei?YC ??U?an?: ??UnեY?eCn?I?Y EanaoYI ?aoYaai , ?UaoA?I?Y ? NU?UCa a?ai գni?I ?U? գCnuA Cn բai?Y??IaoAU?Uբ, i?e I?UIեnai EC, N?U AaOain?C գ?YO?n?YCY Uեc Cn ??i ?nAեu?ian iեOY aoYC:

E?nբեn?եY iեo A?U Nեeao, N?n?i-?n?եEU?Y IaOU, ?եaC iCգn?Y?Iեni, aon IA գiYiCY եnIao EեeY??OA?Yեn, anaYoUե UեIA գEE?ianaoU ? O?ei?eA, CeI UUaoeA` բ?nOn?բեnO ????n a?a?Y: ?Ue եnIao EեeY??OA?Yեnao Uեc ?, an IA N?YգaC ?UY eu?YaեEC, auY?O ao գեO?iեeCE N?iICA?O? E??IA IaiuC, anaoY i?n?IaoAUaoYA Uai?ian?aեe aoYC Y?i?Iai aoA A?U եnI?naoAUaoY, UեIեY UեIaoIեe A?U E?UYaoAUaoY: ?N? ?Ueaեe enao?YOiեU?YoC բYana?aoUai «Iai Eեe?Yo in?U ? Eեe?Yo Uեc EYI?U?YC IA YU?YiC»: E?C N?n?i?UCY IaOUA ????n a?a?UC գEE?ian?I EեeY??OA?UCY եi? I?U aեnU?? Iaai?I ?nգ?i?Y? ???iA, anA IA a?iI?YC iCգn?Y?IեniC ?nc?YCY, CeI NUaoeCe?UCY IaOUA O?ei?eC գEE?ian?I EեeY??OA?UCY եi? IA գiYiC ?iեEC AY??nO?I ? ?iեEC ?nգ?i?Y? E?nբեn?C ???i?i?UnA: E?C ??CY N?n?i?UCY IaOUA ????n a?a?UC գEE?ian?I ?YIaoiC e?n?E?YcCY i?I, IaoC UA Uեc I?eaooi?I ?n Iaiu գUaoOA, N?nUaon iaoY ?aoi N?UI?I?Y, IaiuC Uai?I?U բaEan գUaoOեnA uaon? ? Aaonuեn եY: E?C ?UբaOc i?n?IaoAU?Y ?aoncA գUaoOեnA YaoUYaեe ?UբaOcaoAU?Uբ uaon?եn եY, anaYo ACiA IN?eYC 21-C, 18-A uaon? ? 3-A Aaonu ? uaon?, ?UեY?Uai?I?U գUaoOեnA N?U?բY?I, ?n?UiU?Y IaOUA եnեu A?U Nեe?ianaoAU?Uբ EaEY ?, CeI NUaoeCe?UCY գIai E?C ao o?U?uC in?Uai YaoUYaեeե nեu A?Ui? ??Y?a?nN` I?nUnCY, anUե ?YUCc?aեe ?YACE, Uan??եY ??YC?ե), EaoUEao ?AEI?iCY), oեnaեY? ? ?UEY, E?nբեn?C գUaoOեnA:

??U?ei?YA Cn ??n?ian a?iUaoAU?Y AYA?ouCY եYA?nIiեEai ?n??i?YuYեnao, N?U AaOaiaon?A Iaianiեn ao iեO??aEiեn ? Cn բY??E?nNեY, aon U?e?Uբ ?aNiեn ao U?e?Uբ a?Nեn ? Cn ??գ?UCY CYuYaonaoUYaoAUaoYA: IaiuC ?nc?YA ?U? բaEanCY Nեi բ?o?e?բ?n Inեn ? Y?? բYaoAU?Y ao i?nեn?UCY ?OեiYեnA, anao Nեi??Yuai Y?EICY ?aun EC?A AY??nO?IiեEai IaoE ii?I ? Cn N?i?ICY ?եY ao բ?nգ?i?? ?nc?YYեn, U?Y?i?Y? եnբեUYC I?OIaO ? N?naoei a?iU?I?Y u?O?uA, anaoY NU?UuY ao N?Uբ?iA ?i?Y??I?YanեY ?եe?e IA a?NiCY UCYa? Uեn unեnA: IaiuC ?nc?YCY Aei ?i?Y?aoAU?Y anaեe U?I?Cn IA iniC եOեn UեnA ?aun I. aaECe, UեnA ?aun ?AեYu: ?U? բaEanեY, an UY?o?I ?n UC?UY ??n?Yu UA N?nUaon iaoYYao գUaoOA ?aoi N?UI?I?Y Iaiu-IեuE?CuA, ?nc?a?ii?I NCY ? A?U?Y?I?ICo ?iեn?IYեnai, anaYoUե Uaon?u?YaUaonA IA Eaeեn IaiեoCYեnao NaգaoY, eniCY, UiuCY ?YoU?ECn ??n?ian EaNեnai ao NaoU?եnai ao ?N? ?i?O բaonCoe ?i?O, an ?U? aYaCY ao enբ???Y ?aunCI U?eYCIY ?E ue?Yեnan? ??nao I??U?Iեnai?I բ?nբ?naeaoAU?YA Cn Nnե??UCY եOեeY?գanIaoAUaoYai NaOU?onCi An?i: «Iaiu» ?YaoYA I?U «Iaiu»-A ?UYu?Y NCY ?` anu?Y E??IC գaUaoAUaoYA ? ??i N?i?Y?I?Y ?, an ?U? E??IC ?YaoYai ?, an Iaaiեn ? «Iaiu», Iai?IC CU?eiai, CYaaեe ե?n?I?oaooեn եY N?Un O?aY? ?EC??YA ? Գ?nեգCY եaCeIaaae enao?YOiU?YoA: a?iUaoAUaoYA IA NC?ե Aե unCeiaeե ?e?c ?eaU?Uեoao UեI C?E?YA I?U ??an?i?n) EaoIaoEaeA Cn ?n??i?YuYեnao AYA?ouCY ?U? IaOUեnA ??UeCYuY IaiuC) EեeY?UCY E??IC UA գեO?ICI?O ե?եnuYեnao in?U Cn բ?Y?IA IA ??e?ianեn: ?U? E??IA aa UC i?n?IaoUe, an ?UAUե? Iaiu E??IY ?n, ? e?I?UY ?UY A?U?Y?I ?iեEC ?aun, CYa an ?Ue U?eCY I?Y ??ei?oC iiU?EYեn Aե YեnI?U EC?A եnեu i?nեn?UCY գanIaOaoAUaoYYեnai ?, an N?eեn ? YեnI? i?n?IaoAU?Y: iեncCY i?n?IaoAU?Y գanIaOaoAU?Y Ai?I?YA գեnU?Y?I?Y ?OբUaonYեnai Y?i?I ? 1336 A., anA N?i?Y?I?Y ?, CYaao an ?եe Uեn unեnaoY I?UCY եnIao IեY??YC iI?Yեn, UեIA IaiեoC IaoEa?na??CY 125, CeI UUaoeA uaon? ueaY 127 i?nեI?Y, ?Ue եnIaouA CnեYo a?i?YC N?e?ICY ?I?Y?iեe եY եOեn E?C AY??nO?IU?Y:

Iaiu EC?եY eIC?բ I?eYե iCգnCe գեiA, anaoY IA UC?Y?Y ?եnU??C ???i?i?UnեnեY ?YoYaO cnեnA բ??U?Y?Eai a?un O?iեYC OanCY Uեc: Oեn a?iU?գCnYեnA բ?i?I?Y iեO ii?I եY IaiuC NCY ?YoU?EC U?eCY, e?I?UY ?U? բaEanA UY?o?I եY o?Y ao onCi ??iեnaoY ?YI?YaA: IaiuA, Uեn UեI uY?nեnգ?I Uեneեe ?YanN?ECC IYY??i?UnY ? :* a?iUaoAU?Y Uեc UեYu IA N?Y?CaեYu ?UY * a?iU?գCnYեnեY aU?Yu ?Ue U?eCY i?n?I?nICu եY ? IA YI?iեY ?i?Y??I?Y U?eCY, an IaiuA 11-n? ??naoY եO?I ? ??Y?ao?i A?U?Y?I?ian) I?AaOCIae?YCei u?O?u: «1116A. N?Y?Ce?ian բ?oaoUA N?Un?aեi?I?Y ?AaeCY» ԳnCգan iI?U?eեn I?AaOCIaeC ??գ?OCY N?Y?Ce?ian ?U?a?aoUA IaiuC Uեc: O?n??? UեnO?I?U I?nUCn i?YuեY եiu ?եe ?eaUIE? a? ?aE??ni?I: «IaiuC I?AaOCIae ԳnCգan a?NE?iaoYC, ?YiauC AaOaiեY iեnc 1142-CY ?naoe?OեUեY N?Y?Ce?ian iեn???nOA» a?iU?I?Y iI?UaoAUaoYYեnai ?eiaoU ? «IaiuC C?E?YA ?UaoeY?o?i O?գCeinaeC aannan? ?OcI?Y Nեi ? aoYեo?i aane U?Ya ??i?IYեn, ?nեoA ?aCn?i, an N?can?եo Cn Nan, CeI UUaoe եnIaouA` i?Nn?U ? i?e?I, anaYu CnեYo եOբan Nեi C?E?YaoAUaoYA a??ia?YեoCY ?n??i?YuYեnao ?եU, CeI iեncCYA` ԳnCգan ?գCaiaeC եaCeIaaae OեeY??niեo?i iI?U?eեn I?AaOCIaeեY: ?aCn?iC an?CYեnA եO?Y i?eCE, ??N?Y, ԳnCգan ? Uեneեe, iեncCY եnIaouA a?NE?iaoYC ? ?YanN?EC I?AaOCIaeYեnA, CeI ?e?cCYYեnA` ?CYian?I?Y I?e?UaoAU?Y Ui?Y: i?eCEC an?CY` ԳnCգan, ??N?YC an?CY` ?aCn?i, I?AaOCIaeYեn եO?Y, CeI ?YaYo uaoUnA` ??N?Y?aoEi, UեI?YaoY E?UբnaY?oCC U?UnA եO?i»:

?nբ ?YiCauC AaOaiեY iեnc ?YanN?EC եaCeIaaae ??nO?i IaiuC I?AaOCIaeaoAU?Y ?aEYan?aoAUaoYA i?nեEao, CeI IaiuC N?Un?aեi ԳnCգan a?NE?iaoYC ?YanN?ECC եOբ?UnA, a?aC UaoCn?I ?EբեnCIae եaCeIaaaeCY Nեi գY?o ?naoe?OեU ? eCaYC a?inC?nu?n?YC Uեc գaoU?n?I AaOaiեY N?nգi?I iեn???nO?i Iaiu Cn ?AaeA: ??Uao unCeiaYեaoAU?Y ?e?cCY ??naoY` IaiuC ?nc?YA I?eaooiեo?Y բ??U?ACi NaU?I?a եIեOեoCYեn ao i?Yuեn, anaYo NեiuեnA anaեe ?iեn?IYեn UCYa? ?Ueun բ??U?ACi եY: IaiuA aoYC ??i ?aE ao N?naoei a?iUaoAUaoY, anao U?eCY գnեE ao EaeCE a?iU?գCnYեnao գanI ?: ?e UC?UY AiեoC ao NC?եoC u?YC UA N?iI?Y??I?Y, a?iU?I?Y iI?UaoAUaoYYեn, I?e?UaoAUaoY U?iaoo?YեEao N?i?iuai, anaեe?C AYAեnoaO eեnaoY?Yեnao Uեc UC?i i?e ao ?YUae?o UY?Y EaNեnai ao NaoU?եnai EեoaoY Uեn enբaoAUaoYYեnao NC??i?IA: aoU?O IaioA Oեn unեnao Iaiu գUaoOA IA գiYiեn ?YIaoiC Eեe?Y eianaiA, IaoC UA Uեc, ?C?i E?C ??CY: ?U? IaoեY UCYa? ?CYuA ?nc?a?iaO EեeYեnao IaOեnA, OanեnY ao NaiCiYեnA iեn?Iiեn ?CY eu?YaեEC I?e?ei?YYեnao ? Unգ?ei?YYեnao: E?C ??եnY ao IaoեnA N???n?ian aoeեYCYեnai ? բ?n?CYեnai a?niե?Yեn: a?niե?Yեnao, I?e?ei?YYեnao ?aoncA U?o?eaO i?n?եYCYեnao գaoY?ian բ??U???Y գaiCYեn ?Ue բaEanCY i?I բYaoAU?Y IaoեY a?in?eii?I ao N?U?i?n?I ?ei?I U?nգ?գեiCY uYuao? ao գaoY?գեO գanգA:

?եeaoեY a?n iեeYaoեn aa UC iaoY: ?UբaOc գUaoOA A?Oi?I ?n ?U? IaoC N?U?i?n?I գեOեoIaoAU?Y, ?YU?N?I?Y բaonUaoYuYեnai գեn???YoanեY ?UaoACa ao NU?UCa բaon?ei?YYեnao Uեc: ԳUaoOA Cn գCnIY ?eYaO EեeYեnao ?ե?եnY C iեn i?n?Ii?I ?CY E?OaOC, i?YOC, ICn?YC, բ?EC, e?EanC ? ??Y???Y aiO?iao I?eեnai ?UգCYեn, anaYu IA բ?nOn?Y?UCY UCYa? ?YOaoiC e?n?E?YcA, CeI ?YOaoiA iCAE?nC, A??i?n?I IA NeIեn գUaoOCY: ?nեu IaOUեnai գUaoOA ?nc?a?iaO I?Y?a???n? ?U? ?Yi?eYեnaoY ?ec? ?ei?I ?n ?U?UEեEC, auY?O, Cn ?YYU?Y գեOեoIaoAU?Uբ I?aaoUi EC?A: ԳUaoOեY uCa UA Nեeao, ?C?i գեnե?U?YaoC ?CU?o, caonC i?n?IaoAU?Y in?U I?n Iեi UA, ?U? IեiA բEaon??եni ?aun IO?CY ?n Cn EanNn??ian a?iIեnai, IO?CCY in?U I?n u?YC UA aoeեYCC I?eեn ? u?YC UA E?OaOC Aao?եn: ?aonC I?aaoUi InIuCY in?U anaեe ??n??Ia??I iեO?iani?I ?Ue EanNn??ian ??n??n?YuA Uեneեe ?YanN?ECC eaonբ U??Y i?YuY ?n: iCAE?nC բ?nOaoYuYեnեY, բ??U?ACi OanեnեY NaeaO caonեnao NեOեOA ?Y????n IA Naeեn ?եaC EC?, ?UեY u?UE??aEC I?U UC ?I ao UC ?OբUaon, I?Y բ??U?ACi ?Iեnai ?OբUaonYեn, EC?A ?nc?a?iaO EեeYեn UnoU?Y Uեc եY ?Y????n CnեYo ?ni??n?I ?Y?n?i, cCYc ao ?aoE?E ?YU?N?I?Y I?AY?OբUaonYեnai: ???U???Y ao բ??U?iեe?I i?UnC բ?Yc?nեOեYYեn, ?YI?Un?ICn, ?aonca?n բeY?I ??n?Y-??n?Y գEգE?oaO ?ei?IYեnao ե?եnuYեnA, գaoY?գեO A?a?iեYYեnao aեe բaonaoUY?iեi U?YC??IYեnA, CnեYo ե?եU?I?Y գեOեoIaoAU?Uբ IA Nn?aaonեY U?n?A Cn ?aoAU?Uբ:

EC?A ?nc?a?iaO N?n?i?UCY ?UեY UեI NaiCi, ?UեY UեI ?եni aoYC Cn ?e?YOY?N?iaoI գեOեoIaoAUaoYA, N?UA ao NU?UuA: ?YIaoiC e?n?E?YcեY UCYa? ????n a?a? NeI? Eեe?Y ?ե?եnA ?U? ?YI?Un?ICn i?n?IaoAUaoYYեnao in?U I?n?ICY բ??U?ACi Naiեn CnեYo N???n?ian aaE?nYեnai, ?U? NaiեnaoY UեI U?eA uaon?եnaoYY ?n, CeI ?nai?i?UnA` IaiuCYA: aaE?nYեnao NaiA IA IaneiեUCY ?U? բ??U???Y Eaiեnao IaiaoY Uեc, ?U? i?UnեnեY ?YoYaO ?YI?YaA U?n?A ?Ai?n?i InY?U Y?U?nեE Eaiեnao Uեc i?n?IiaO aaE?nYեnao NaiA: IaiuC e?nեnY ao e?n?E?YcեnA CnեYo ?UE???Y, գaoY?գեO, ?YYU?Y iեe?n?YYեnai ?Ye?NU?Y iեe?n?YYեn aoYCY an?? ?եniեY an IaOU an ??eY?e, U?n? a? I?nեEC, an aN???i?IiC, aiեn?Y?, ?UեY IaOU Nn?aaoUnai Nn?aaoUn ao ?Ueaեe EեeYեn, Oanեn, NaiCiYեn ?Ye?NU?Y i?n?IaoAUaoYYեnA` iiiiaoU եY U?n?I?UCY ?UեY?գեOեoCI ao գեn???Yo ?anaoUYեnao Uեc: ?aiCiYեnA CnեYo NaգեI?Y ?գ?oaoUYեnA I?ni?N?UiեY եnբեUY Nao?Ca, եnբեUY E?Y??i?e բ??U?iեe?I AeaaoYYեnA, U?Y?i?Y? I?u?iC եn?UYեnA IA eaon?Y, IA ?eiaOեY ao IA a?nեY u?CY Uեc` a??a?եEai e?nեnao ? Oanեnao i?n?IaoAUaoYYեnA: A?EIai, UեE?U?OOai ao ??n?ai U?n?Y CeI ?YI?nեEC ? an a?N UA ae?a?iC, aiեn?Y? i?UEեEai ?U? գեO?Nn?? i?Unեnao ao auY?O բYaoAU?Y IaoCY Uեc: ?eI o?IA EC?A ?ei?I ao i?n?Ii?I եnբեUY E?O?O U?I?n? I?a?I IA YCnNե, եnբեUY ??nAY?I ao Eeai?I Cn Eeai?NaoU? ?ECuYեnai IA ?anOե եi գ?E ?UY caonեnA ?an CYuA ei?o?I ? ?CYuA ?nc?a?iaO EեeYեnեY: IaiuA uCa aoYC U??Ii?I բ?Yc?n?YaoYեn ? e?I?UY i?UnC բ?Yc?n?YaoYեnai ??i N?naoei ?, anaYo բեnuA ?YN?iYaoU ?, ??բA, OaO?Y, AanAA, aեO?Y, EYIaoIA, EaEaaA, uaoe??A, aoeեIA, ??eoA, ?եn?եnA, AAaICaA, aեaեUA, գ?YI?eA, EaEanOA, uao?U?AA ? ?UEY, ?Ue I?nգC eYY??e?i ? AYinao?I բ?Yc?nեOեYYեnA IA aanoiCY ao aU?Yu ?OA IA ?niCY OUեei? N?U?n:

e?n?N?nAեnao ao e?n?E?Ycեnao in? I?Y բ??U???Y i?UnC aiO?iao I?eեn` i?YOեYC, EYOanեYC, i?n?i?OaoY, UեNE?Y, onaiaoO, UեOn?Ian Aao? ? u?YC UA iեe?I ?Ea?, ?YaYoUե ??iեnA ?YN?iYaoU u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ aiaoO Iao i?Y: ?YaYo A?nUA բ?oC aoiեEեY IA aanoYեY OUեei?Y N?U?n anaեe UCnգ: IaiuC EC?A Cn Uեc aoYC եnIao IO?C, UեIA ?aun, CeI UUaoeA բ?i?I?Y Ea?an: oaunA, ?an NC?եoC, IA գiYiC գUaoOեY գnեAե UC uCa Nեeao գեnե?U?YaoC ?CU?o 1000-1200 U. Nեe?ianaoAU?Y in?, ?Ue IO?CY IA IaaiC e. U??Y IO?C, anaoY UեIaoAUaoYA Uai?ian?aեe 100-120 U. եnI?naoAUaoY, 30-40 U. E?UYaoAUaoY ?: IaiuC a?iU?I?Y NC??i?IYեnեY ?UեY?Y??Y?ian ao Nեi?unun?I?Y ? I?n?anaoAUaoY YեnI?U?oYaO ?Ue e. U??YY ?, anao U?eCY iei?NanեY I?nեEC ? AeեE, an ?UբaOc aannan? ??UuC ? oaun ??U?ei?YC Uեc ?e?cCYY ?, an IA i?UEեn UեI AaOain??I?YaoAUaoY ? anaեe ?UեY?N?UiYC ao Y??Y?ian ??Yaoi?I i?Yu: iCգn?Y?IեniC ? E?nբեn?C բaEan N?n?ICo ?nc?YYեnao unCeiaYU?YեnaoY enբ?i?UnY ?n, CeI AaonuեnA` ?iեEC ??i uaon?եn` IA բեnեCY Nae բaoAեEao CnեYo o?i?գ?n, EaoeYai ? ?UE I?Yn NCi?Y?YեnA:

e. U??Y IO?CC N?iaoI aoEiC unA ?eii?I?IYC iaYC unY ?n, ?U? unեnaoY iCգn?Y?IեniC ? E?nբեn?C ?nc?YYեnեY Iaiu Iaoգ?UCY 5-6 N???n aoEi?ianYեn, anaYo UaoiuA N?OA?Y?IC iaY?EUբaoAU?Y բYaoUA IA ei?Y?n: ?nեu un ?Y????n Y?i?N?YգeiaoAUaoY ?եaC IO?CY, IեnaoEaoU ?UեY un: IO?CC ?CU?oC ?UբaOc o?U?uA` En?E??Yu, ?U? unեnA N?nUaon?ian U?i?OYեn IA U?iaooեCY: ?Ue IO?CCY in? I?eaooi?I ?n i?YuA, anaoY ?E?i?IYեnaoY Uեc ?UAU IA iեeYiCY ICe?I?YգaoY a?nCeaC U?eեnA, ?eYեnao ? a?iaoN?YYեnao iեOեn, caonC N?i?IA: IO?ao o?U?u?UCY U?eCY in? I?UCY Ia?i?I u?e?YեnaoYC u?nեn, Uai UեIaoIեe Uեin եnI?naoAU?Uբ, 70-80 eU. E?UYaoAU?Uբ, 40-50 U. բ?nOnaoAU?Uբ: A?U?Y?ICY ?Ue ??ni?n?aեi?I?Y IaAaOA, E?C բ?nOn?oU?Y iեncCY ?nc?YեY eIeե?E, Uai UեI ao Iեe ??n IaonIu ?n iiեn ?ECuYեnao NaoAIao N?ii?IYեnaoY, UY?Eai ICe?I?YգaoY: ?nCY N?i?IA եn?oaO եnIao ??Y?a?nNYեn I?UCY: UaoUYaեe o?U?uեY I?Y եnIao ??Y?a?nNYեn, UեIA գեnե?U?YaoC ?ec?եY, CeI UUaoeA ?UCn aեiC եnբեUYC C?E?YC ?a?n?YuC ?ec?եY: ?Ue ??Y?a?nNYեnao ?եniեnA o?U?uեY ao IO?CեY ?եU ?e ?եU AEE?Eai, a?n? Iեnaai I?a?oaoo?Yե, an i?YuC ??Y?a?nNYեnY եY եO?I:

e. U??Y IO?CC i?YuC U?eCY NC??Ie 127 i?nեI?Y uaon? ueaY ? 125 i?nեI?Y IaoEa?n a??CY CnեYo a?i?Yե?I?Y unեnեY iեe?I ?CY ?եe?e I?YգaoY եIեOեoCY գUբեAai: IaoEa?n a??CY CYuA եO?I ? IO?CC ?nc?YC բY?ICa, ?Ue ?I?Y?iեeYեnA Iaoi?UCY U?Yn?U?eYaoAUaoYYեnA caonեnao բ?nOn?Y?EaoY, i?n?IiեEaoY ? բY?ICaYեnao iեO??aEU?Y U?eCY, anaYu Iaoգ?UCY N?ei?iեEao Uեn a?aեnao IaOUեY a?iUi?IuYեnA, unCY?I, Uեn a?aեnեY ??iեnA UInii?I ?CY e. U??Y եIեOեoCC Uեc: o?O?u?I?Y iեnCi?UnaoUYեnA ao i?nեn?UCY ?OեiYեnA Ia??o ??E?nNC IaiuA NaOU?onCi AYեEai, AaoE?o?I ?CY Uեn unեnao ?aunCI ?եY?aO IaiuA: ?eI UY?oU?E U?eA oni?I եY ??Y???Y u?O?uYեn ao ?nc?YYեn: IaiuեY գ?OA?I եY ICECIU?, I. aaECe, aaone?, E?nբեn? ? Uai?I? գUaoOեnA, anaYoUե aU?Yu a?N?I ?CY CnեYo N?Unեnao ? a?aեnao բY?գ?i?eC a?iUaoAUaoYY ao ?i?Y?aoAUaoYYեnA: ?eIե ??i IaiuC բY?IaaoAU?Y UC U?eA ?Yi?n?IaoUe, an u?O?u?I?Y a?UU?YYեnnao բեnaoUai oni?I ?, AEE?Eai ??գ??aE: ?Ue I?nգCY IA a?iI?YC IaiuեY բ?i?I?Y Nեeao EեeY?բY?I ?Uia?C uaon?եnA, anaYoUե ??iեnA գCiեY CnեYo I?գU?Y ? ?YoU?EC U?eCY: ??oC ?U?, U?? uaon?եnao ?i?Y??I?Y eaianaoAUaoYYեnA, IեYo?O?UCY N?iI?YC?YեnA ??UIiaoY Iեnaai C N?Ui IA բեnեY, an ?Uia?C in?եnեY I?Y aonC? ?nc?YC un?եn, anaYu ?iեEC ??i IaneYoYեEai N?Y?եnO CnեYo I?գU?Y գEE?ian N?iI?YC?YեnA, ??nOU?E IA N?UiYiCY, an ?YaYu եO?I եY N?Uեn, ?Ue I?nգC բ?E?n uaon?եnA EUanC in? E?a IA ?YեY ?Ya?UU?Y:

IO?CC e. U??Y i?YuC YanaգaoAU?Y OեeY?nI UA եO?i 1910 A., ?n?YCC բ?nOn?N?U?o i?YuC ??n?e i?n??aեiC գEE?ianaoAU?Uբ: ?U? OեeY?nIai IA Y?E?iեeiեn i?YuCY iեn?I?YգYaoUA գեA U?e?Uբ, եnInan?, an գ?ECu ?Y?IYI?E ?եauեnao ?iեY ?UY IA I?e?Uեn anaեe ?a?ei?n?Y: a? an 1896-C Iaian?IC ??eA I?n, եnբ ?U? c?n?C unեnaoY IaiեoCYեnA ?UբaOcaoAU?Uբ ?a?ei?Y?I ?CY IO?CY, an N?Y?Ce?o?I ?n ???i?n?n բaEan բY?IaaoAU?Y: i?YuC YanaգaoAU?Y գanIA eIei?I ?n: IaiuC ??euեnեY UCY aCiC iեn?I?YգYiեn, գUaoOA ?UբaOcaoAU?Uբ a?N UA iեn?anեEai Cn uY?nեnգao Y?E?Nan ?Yaai, ?Ye?NU?Y ao ?YYI?n?գnեEC Nn?i?Yuai ao E?Y??i?eaoAU?Uբ IaiեoCYեnA UեOi?c?Y ??E?i?YuC EIiեo?Y բaEanA, բaEanA ?YEiCn եnIeեe, N??Ci cnC U?IեnեeեY Uեin UA բ?nOn?o?i N?n?i?UCY a?iA: ?i??O, N?U AaOain?C eiեOI?գanI?I?Y aգaoY, an ?U? գanIA UY?o ICe?i: ?U? IO?CCY in? IA գiYiCY Y?? IaiuC Naգ?an N?Unեnao գեnե?U?YYեnA: ?. IO?CY E?C ?n?եEU?Y I?Un?U?eA Iaiu գUaoOեY iեo A?U Nեeao o?U?uեY UC u?YC N?nUaon U. Nեe?ianaoAU?Y in?U IA գiYaoեn ?. IO?CY: ?Ue IO?CY բ?i?I?Y Ea?an ?, ?UYiեO IA U??IiC գ?nC, aea, eCeեe, I?Y aiO?iao I?eեn, IA U??IiC OUեnaoI ? eեE, anaYu AYiCn iեe?IC եY: ?ea?I?ian ? E?OaOA ?Ue IO?CY IaiեoC OեEեU?Y գեn??ei?YCY IA a?iI?Yեn, e?I?UY 1896 A. ??UC?U?Y c?n?եY Nեia գn?iեo?i ?U? IO?CY` uaon? ?EyCIC IaOUեY: ?????? I?O ?O?aoU??

I?neCI I?U I?UeեnCI` ????n a?a? բ?nOn?բեnO EեeYեY ?OA?Ui?I ?eiC??Y?բ?n ?եaC o?I եnI?naO I?enI? EեeY??OA?UCY eianaiA, ?nգ?i?Y? NaiCiCY ?C?i ե?եnuA IA գiYiC I?UeեnCIC NeI? ?iեn?IA, ?Ue ?iեn?IA Cn ?Uaon ? E?UY a?iեnai AY??nO?I i?n?IaoAU?Uբ A?U?Y?I?ICo NaU?I?a բեn? UY ?: ?եn?եY ?YUCc?aեe ?եaC EC? i?n?Ii?I եY ?eiC??Y?I?Y NaiCiYեn, U??Ii?I I?Y?aaoAUaoYYեnai, aane IaOUեnեY, e?nեnեY ao OanեnեY IA NaeեY ?եaC EC? բ??U?ACi ?OբUaonYեn ao ii?IYեn, Cn եi?C ?nգ?i?Y? NaiCiA գEE?ianaO Eեe?Y eianaiեY iCAE?nC A?UeեnեY IA բECY Nan??e?i ?OբUaonYեn, anaYu CnեYo e?eYaoAU?Uբ IA գեn???YoեY IaiuC EեeY??E?nNCY բaEan ?OբUaonYեnA: ?Ue ?OբUaonYեnA IA A??iեY ?YUCc?aեe ?aunCI ?i???YYեnao Uեc anaYu ? ?ei?I եY U?aon ao ??UEaoY, ?n?Ua՞u u?YC ??n ?, an ?CYi?I եY ?U? ?i???YYեnA an au գCiե: ??nեnao AYA?ouCY NaeaO ?U? i?Ci, cCYc ao ?aoE?E caonեnA, ?aU?Y a??ai CeI aեY ?aEiեn aa ?i???YC ? aa ?E ?Yan N?i?IC ?ei?I ?i??C գaoUYA CYau?Y i?Ci, cCYc ao ?aoE?E եY caonեnA` ?UYu?Y cCYc ao ?aoE?E եY ?i???YYեnA CnեYo ?UբaOcaoAU?Uբ: ?Ue ?Iեnao Uaon?u?YaUaon caonA InY? ??nOYեE UեI?I?Y c?O?o: ?Ue ?iեn?IC ?YUCc?aեe IaOuCY OanC UCcեY ?եaC EC? եnI?naO IOUCY?nե EaOai?Iai եnI?n գCI UA I?U A?Oi?I, anao I?UnA IA N?eYC E???C Uai ?UY IaoA, an IA IaaiC ?UCn ?եI: ?UeiեO I?eaooi?I ? եOեn A?U?Y?I?ICo C?E?YCY ?a?n?YuA: ?U? EaOai?IC UCcaoai ?, an IA A??iC եOեn C?E?YCY Naiեnao I?AA I?UeեnCIC NaiCiեY Cn ?a?n?YuA: IOUCY?nե EaOai?IYեnեY U?e ?e U?e AaOi?I iեOեY եnբեUY-եnբեUY ?եe Uեn unեnaoY եn??Y IA N?YaoեCY CnեYo ?YiA?n iC??Iai: I?UeեnCIC ?U? ?iեn?IA YU?Y?aեe anaեe enբ?iեOC IA N?U?niեn: ?U? NaiCiA U??IaOYեnA, E??Y?n?IYեn` CnեYo ?UեYunU? ?OaAuA ?U?iեO IA I?i?nեCY, Na? ?OiaiեEA enբ?aOIaoAUaoY IA N?U?niեn, UC u?nC Iian iեnoYեEY CeI ?nգեEi?I ?n: ?Ue ?iեn?IC U?eCY i?Iao?I եnIUaoO?IaoAUaoYY ao N?i?iuA ??i UեI ?n:

?iեn?IC ?YUCc?aեe IaOuCY I?YգY?I ?n Cn iCAE?nC N?e?Iai AAեYC I?e UA, anA I?nIեe anaեe a?N?a?Y ao Nai?YC Iaai?I ?n NeIեEao N?UI?I?Y NYaoAUaoYYեnao ?U? U?eYCICY: ?aiCiYեn ? ?UoեEaoYեn IA N?Yգei?Y?UCY ?U? NeI?UC Nai?YCY i?IA, anaYu բaEanY ?E aoEi?ianYեnao Ean եnIUaoO?IaoAU?Uբ Iaoգ?UCY CnեYo N?nգ?YuA U?iaoo?YեEao NY???nU?Y ?iեn?ICY: IaiեoC N?UեnA ?U? I?eCY i?I եn???UCY iեeCEuai I?anեCY a?N UA NCY ??euեnao unեnA: ?YaYu ?e?eaեE?I?Y Ean N?i?iuai IA a?iUեCY Cn?nao I?UeեnCIC բեn?C ?UCY ?եIC, ??Un ?AaeC, ?nեգC ?o?Eե?UaoO), I?a?YC, ԳեiN?YC ?oեUi?Y), e. O?U?eC, e. U??Y i?YuC ?IO?ao), ? ?YanN?ECC IYY??i?UnA` Ia??o ??E?nNC Ianeaoi?I NCY ??euեnao U?eCY: I?a?U? ???? Iaiu գUaoOեY N?n?i-?n?եEu Uai UեI A?U Nեe?ianaoAU?Y in?U, ?YUCc?aեe E?C ??CY ooi?I AeiCYuU?Y բեn?C O? EեeY??եniC in?U IA գiYiC I?a?YC ?iեn?IA: ?Ue ?iեn?IA ?iեEC ?Uaon I?eaooi?Iuai, ?iեEC Yi?? u?Y?i?I ? u?Y UUaoe ?iեn?IA: ?եe ??i UA iեOեn a?iեnao ?iեn?IYեn IA UY?Y 1.5-2 U. բ?nOnaoAU?Uբ: ?եn?CY ?aoncA I?Y Y?? aonC? ?iեn?IYեn, anaYu iaoYեn եY: ?nբեUY, եnբ E?CY caonեnA CnեYo NaoYեY ana? a??ai ?eiC??Yai IA o?IY?Y, ?YUCc?aեe ?iեn?IC ?e?c IA Y?U?niC ??Y?a?nNC Nեiuեn: ?Ue ?iեn?IYեnեY ?եe Uեn unեnaoY N?Yiեo?i ?Y?O?ni UY?o?I I?n?e UA: ?Ue բեn?A ?nc?a?ii?I ? գեO?iեeCE i?Unեnai: ??Ui???Uo ????

I?a?YC բեn?C aoOO?IC ?CU?oA, E?C UUaoe ??CY IA գiYiC ??Ui?nեYo բեn?A: ?Ue UCcaoA E?C ?UեY?E?UY iեOY ?: ?Ue բեn?A ?iեEC ?aun ao ?iեn?IA ?iեEC ??i ?: ?CYi?I ? E?C ??CY բ?nOaoYuC in? ? e?I?UY aa ?UYu?Y ?Y?eCI CYaaեe I?a?YCYA: UեnI?UCe ?Ue ?iեn?IC Uai Iai?IaoCY Uեc IA բY?ICY եnIao EaoUբ Cn?nao Uai ?aun գUaoOեn: ?Ue ?UբaOc ?nc?YA I?OYC?a?i ?Yi?e ?: ?Ue գUaoOեnեY ?CY, an 1895 A. ??UC?U?Y c?n?եnեY ???iեoCY ?Ue iaOեnA գnaOCY ?UբaOc գեn??ei?YA` UaAA AYi?YCuai: ???Գ? ????A IaiuեY NUaoeCe-?n?UiU?Y IaOUA, E?C UUaoe ??CY uCa UA iեn Eեe?Y ?ե?CY in?U u?n?IaoUiեnao Uեc I?eaooi?I ? ?Ue բեn?A, an ?UեY???i u?Y?i?I ? ?Yi?n?IaoUe, an Cn ?YUCc?aեe UaiA գiYiaO YեnI?U Aaonu բY?IaaoAU?Uբ գUaoOA ?եn aoYեo?I ? ?Ue ?iեn?ICY u?Y?եEao գanICY Uեc: ?Ue ?iեn?IA Aaonuեnao IaOUե IA IaaiC գ?Eե?aoO ?բեn?C U?e), Nae գiYiaO YեnI?U գUaoOC ?YaoYA IaiեoCu IA IaaեY ?nեգC, anaoY ?C?i CU?eiai ?E AaonuեnA IA IaaեCY «ICiYե»: ?Ue iaOեnA գnaOA 1915-C եOեeYC unեnaoY aane ?UCe EեeYեnY ao IO?CY ?a?I?YեE? iեnc, ?a?ei?Y գi?i ?Ue գUaoOA` UY?Eai aane i?nC: ?եe UCYa? ?Ueun ?nեգC Uai?I?U AY??nO?I Iai?IaoC ?nգ?e?բեn ???iA Aaonuեnao IaOUեY IA IaaiC Iեiaoe?uCYC ?N?Uao U??I?i?Un) I?U N?Uao ?ni: ?I?O?o?U??ao, ԳUaoO??ao, Գ????O?UU??ao ?i???IU??A

eaonբ O?U?e գUaoOC N?n?i-?n?եEU?Y IaOUA` ?aoUգ բEn?IYեnao UեciեO ,E?C ??A IA գiYiC ?Ue enբ?i?UnA: ?ae ?iեn?IYեn uCa I?Y ?Ue i?UnA aoYC բaoAaO N?iIaoAUaoY aoYեoaO N?Yu?UCY caon, anaoY ?nAեuCY U?eCY ?C?i N?eI?oaoAUaoYA ?Oai ?: ?Ue caonCY ?IA ?eYi?I ?n ?aunCI a?nCeaC Uեc, anaեe NYI?Y, aniեO IA I?i?niեn Eaգ?YuA: ?UeiեO I?UoեEեCY բ??U?ACi NCi?Y?Yեn aoEi?ianC N?i?iuai, anaYoUե բaoAiaOYեnA N?i?iuC Ean ?գ?oaoUai N?U?Ii?I ao Yեn?Yai?I` CnեYo բaoAaoUA IA iեn?գnեCY enբ?i?UnCY: ?nբ ?n?եY N?e?I ?n A?U?Y?IA ?U? N?Yu?UCY cnC ?nAեuA ?C?i գY?N?iU?Y ? IA Y?E?iեeiեn ?UYiեO I?eaoo?YեEao N?U?n cեnUaoIC N?nU?naoAU?Y ?i???Y, եOեeYA Iaoգ?n Eani?IեEao ?U? In?գCnY ?E: eao?? o?I?a ?e. o?I?a) ԳUaoOեY u?ean? A?U ?եaC N?n?i-?n?Uaoiu` E?C ??CY I?Y բ?i?I?Y AY??nO?I i?n?IaoAU?Uբ ?iեn?IYեn, anaYo Uեc I?U Y?? e. onICa եIեOեoCY ?iեn?I ?Ue ?iեn?IYեnaoY ?aonc գiYiaO ?niեnA, CYaaեe ?YoU?ECY Uեc, YaoUYaեe Uեn unեnA IA a?iI?YեCY եIեOեoCCY: ?Ue ?iեn?IYեnեY uCa iեn` Eեe?Y IaOA, ?aun i???n?IC in? I?Y եnIao գեnե?U?YYեn UC?Iian Ia?i?I u?nեnai, anaYu UY?o?I ?CY ?Y?O?ni: ?Ue եnIao գեnե?U?YYեnaoY in?U ?an?գni?I գnեnA ?YAYAեeYեEC եY, CeI ?an?գni?I E?aեnA ?եe IA a?NեY CnեYo CYuYaoAUaoYA: ?U? գեnե?U?YYեnA e. onICa եIեOեoia ea?e?ianYեnaoY գեnե?U?YYեnY եY: I?Y բ??U?ACi aonC? ?iեn?IYեn ao enբ?i?Unեn: e. aեinaeC ?iեn?I eaonբ u?n:

?UeiեO գiYi?I գUaoOC ? եIեOեoao AY??nO?I ?iեn?IYեnA I?a?oaoo?YեY, an Nae A?U?Y?ICY ?anեn եY NaI Aiai IaiեoCYեn: ??U? ?Aae ???na?Aae) ????n a?a?UC eianCY EեeYեnY ao eianaiC ?ե?եnA UCYa? E?ե?եnuA i?n?Ii?I եY բ??U?ACi Ea?an ?iեn?IYեn ao գեnե?U?YYեn, anaYu բaEanY ?E Y??Y?ian եY, oaoeu(Iaoeu), ??iA?e?n(U?iA?e?n), o?naoI, ?eaYoUե ?UեY?Y??Y?ianA ??Un ?AaeCYY ?: ?Ue o?U?uC in?U գiYiaOYեnեY ??i, եO?I եY Y?? caonCY i?I I?IIi?IYեn: ?Ue բaEanCY Iե?naYA եO?I ? ??Un ?AaeA: ??Un ?AaeC U?eCY I?UCY ??i Nեi?unun?I?Y iI?UaoAUaoYYեn` ?n?YCC բ?nOn?N?U?o i?YuA գiYiaO U?գ?O?AU? գnuC UA Uեc: ?U? գCnuA i?ni?I ?n IaiuեY` i?Y?N?Unao IaOUե, anaYo Uեc I?UCY Nեi?U?E U?I?գnaoAUaoYYեnA, an ?եe?e 1638 AiCY, եnբ ??Un ?AaeC UUaoe AY??nO?I ???i?i?UnA ?եe caonA I?II?I a?n: ?UY A?U?Y?I ??Un ??AaeA Cn N?naoei ao բ?nգ?i?? ?nc?Yai IA OեI?i?niեn i?YuCY IaOUե: IA NC?iC 1638 AiCY գ?nY?Y eaoEA?Y Oaon?? ?. ueU?YU?Y I?UenA ?U? ??Y?a?nNai, եnբ IեnA?n a?Oi?iA գn?iեEao, Cn բ?Y?IA N?Yգaեoaoo ??Un ?AaeC ???i?i?UnA: ??Un ?AaeC i?Y?N?UnA A?գ?ianCY UեI NUaon?eCnaoAUaoY I??U?Iեnaեo, Iեn?InեEai Y?? ?UբaOc բ?Y?IA: ?Ue ?Y?IYI?E NUaon?eCnaoAU?Y N?U?n A?գ?ianA a?nգ??inեo i?Y?NanA: UaoUYaեe INC?iC, an ?UY A?U?Y?I ?U? AY??nO?I ???iեnaoY in? 50 EaoIu IA ??eY?n i?YuCY ?niեnA U??IaO ?, anao U?eCY A?գ?ianA Cn Nn?U?YuA N?UiYեo:

??Un ?AaeC Ea?an գեnե?U?YaoA, եIեOեoCC ?iեn?IA, գUaoOեnao ?iեn?IYեnA, CYaaCeCu եY o?naoICY, U?iA?e?nCY, oaonuCYA, ??OcAYaoY(??O?oYեnaoY), Գ?EեY(բեn?), ?բ?NaO?YC(E?nեIեa??Y), in?U Yei?I IEan?O? բեn?A: ?Ue ?nc?YA` IaiuC ?UեY?N?naoei ?nc?YYեnեY UեIY եO?I ?n: AaonuեnA, un?եnA, բaEanY ?E ?Ue i?UnեnaoY ?YaoYYեnA Iao i?UCY N?UnեYC CU?eiai` oCECeե(եIեOեoC), O???nEO(գեnե?U?Yao): I???I?U A?OA Iեn?IA Ea?an IO?CY ?, anaoY ?CU?oA IA գiYiC եIեOեoia Ea?an ?iեn?IA ? aonC? ?iեn?IYեn` Aե o?U?uC in? ?Aե cnCY N?i?IA: ?Ue ?nc?YA YեnI?UCe IA a?iI?YC iCգn?Y?IեniC a?iC U?iեYCY, aniեO I?Ei?IYեnao ?nO?Y?գnaoAU?Y iaU?nYեnao Uեc ?եe?e IA NC?iեY A?n??OC U?I?գnaoAUaoYA, ?UeiեO YaoUYaեe բaEan e?NU?YYեnA i?Unեnao ?YaoYYեn Iao i?Y, CYaaեe ??Un ?AaeC ?nc?YA , I?an Aan??OC, oCECeե ? ?UEY(N?Uao NaOao եIեOեoC) ?YaoYYեnai: Գ?i??U-o?UA?U ԳեiN?YA IA գiYiC ????n a?a? Eեe?Y ?C?i Nեi?A, ??Un ?AaeC N?I?e?I IaOUA: ?ae ?e ????n a?a? Eեe?Y UUaoe eianaiCY ?ե?եnao i?I I?Y AY??nO?I ?iեn?IYեn, anaYu UY?o?I եY ?iեEC ?a???եEC ao N?UiYC u?Y an?? iեO: ?UեY???i ?auC AYIYaOA գեnե?U?YaoY ?n, an UY?o?I ? ?Y?O?ni ao ?YiA?n: ??i?Y?բ?n Y?E?a???naoUY ao եnIUaoOA ?nգեEuY եY N?Y?Ce?o?I iեOiaoY in? բY?IiaO ??գ??aE uaon? բY?IaaoAU?Y, anaեe?C ??YaYu au?Y?եY: ?Ya-an u?Y?i?I ? ?UeiեO գեnե?U?YYեnեY, ?U? եO?I ? i?nեn?UCY ?OեiYեnao Nեi??Yuai:

IaiեoC IեnaoYCYեnA IA EaeեY ԳեiN?YC U?eCY, an ?Yan iեncC UY?oan? N?U գUaoOC oniեEA, Uai եnIao N?nUaon i?ni?Y a?iUaoAUaoY aoYC: ?i ?UAUao IaiuC բY?ICaYեnեY AaoAեEU?YYեnao N?UեnA գ?OA?I եY ԳեiN?YեY, բեnեEai CnեYo Nեi եIեOեoia ?aoeA, an IA I?e?Uեn Uեn unեnao IaiuC եIեOեoCCY anaեe ?aoeA: ?U? ?e?Y in? I?n ?nO?Y?գnaoAUaoY, anai IA N?UiYեn ?aoeA YiCnaOCY ? ԳեiN?YC i?Y?Nan ?YaoYYեnA: ԳեiN?YA aեnU??C ???i?i?UnC ue?YեY ?iեEC գUaoOեn գEE?ianaO ?nc?YY ?: ԳեiN?YC Uai I?U ??i EanaoY cnNanC YU?Y ?ae UA, anaoY Uեc A??եoCY aOc-aOc եOեeYC ?N?ian unեnaoY, aYգao?C ? ?niC?C N???n?ian N?UեnA: eao?? E?a oaun IO?CC in? I?eaooi?I i?YuA, ?Yan ?aoncC u?O?uA ? ?nc?YYեnA caonC i?I UY?Eai, IaiեoCu CnեYo Nեi iեO??aE?I ?CY եIեOեoCC ?YaAYեnA ao գaoUuA, ?Ue բaEanCY Uեc ?UեY?Y??Y?ianA e. E?aY ?n: E?nբեn?C ? iCգn?Y?IեniC բaEan N?n?ICo ?nc?YYեnao AaOaiaon?A Cn NCY ao Yan eեnaoY?ai IA NC?եY ?Ue Nea?I?ian E?aA: ?Ue E?aC YI?iU?Uբ ?UYu?Y UեI ao EanaoYI եnIUaoO?IaoAUaoY I?n, an N?eեE ?n UaEեe?Y?aoAU?Y, AaOեEai Y?E?a???nU?Y N?noA, I?U ?eaon Iեnaai AeեYu Aե CYa ?n ?U? E?aA, ai ?n բեnեn ? aonIե:

?CUu AY?aoYեEai ?U? U?գ?O?AU? գCnuA, an i?ni?I ?n IaiuեY ?n?YCC i?YuA, anao Uեc I?n iեOեI?գnaoAUaoY E?aC U?eCY, CYa an Uեn Y?E?N?UnեnA ?i?Y??բ?n Ae?I ao a?iU?I ?CY eեnaoY?ե enaoY?, YaoUYA IA N?ei?iեn ?U? iեOեI?գnaoAUaoYA: ?N? Aե CYa Ieե enao?YOiU?Yo. «iCգn?Y?IեniC Iaoe?I?EaoAU?Y ?n?Yao գ?i?eCY Uեc ?IE I? եIեE ?եn??i?YA C NYaoUY ?Yi?YC ?եn??u?O?u e. U??Y եIեOեoCY aoYC E?a UA a?ei?eYեnai ??A?Ai?I, ?U? E?aA Aei ?i?Y?aoAU?Y ?UY i??iC U?eY ? ?an iCn?U?Un U?YaoI ?Ceaoe IA Ei?n, I?aE?aoIեY բեni?I ? ?ei, CeI ?e?cCYA, an IUY?U IaiuA, onCeiaeC E?aեECaoAU?Y գ?UեnեY եY ? I?U U?eY CYa ?UY IaYuCY, anaoU onCeiae Ei?o ???Iեni?o aiuեnA»: ?UIe E?aեnA Uեneեe ?YanN?ECY ?n բեn?I եnaoe?OեUեY, anaYoUե UեIA i?nao?I ?n ?n?YC AեUC եaCeIaaaeCY IaOUե, CeI IaiuA UY?o?I E?aA, an UեI?o?I aoYեn UեI ao Iեe U. եnI?naoAUaoY, ??A?Ai?I բեNե?ե?o a?ei?eai, in?Y I?IIao?I NY?I?I?Y A?YI?nAեu I?IIaoai IA a?Niեn i???nC eեO?YCY եi? N?iaoI a?N?n?YCY Uեc: OC?UY IYaoY?C ? ??iCIC unեnA a?Nn?YեY ?aone IA բեniեn ?գեei?iani?I u?N?Y?UCY IaOUեY, aoeC in?U, anao ?ե?եnaoY i?I IA բaEanեCY N?U, Aaonu, uaon? NCi?Y?Yեn, N?iI?aեe EaoeYaiYեn: ?Ue E?aA UեnI?oYեEao Cn?i?eaoAUaoY aoYեCY UC?UY եaCeIaaaeC ?eiC??YեY eIeU?E Naգ?an?I?YYեnA: Aե IaiuC, Aե ?n?YCC ?Ue ?aoUգ E?aեnA Uեneեe ?YanN?ECY CYuA բեn?I ?n ao ?եiեO?I Cn IYY??i?UnC i?YuA: ?nբ 1142 A. ?YiCauC AaOaiեY iեnc եaCeIaaae OեeY??nեEai iեn???nO?i Iaiu anaեe I?AaOCIaeC ?aEYan?: e. U??Y i?YuA aoYեo?I ? A?YI?nAեu եIեOեo?I?Y գaoUuեn ao A?U?Y?I?ICo A?Yգ?n?Y, Cn NY?UեYC U?գ?O?AU? ? ?UE գaN?n գnuեnai ao U?iե?YYեnai: ?եe Uեn unեnaoY IA Eaeiեn Nao?UaoYuai ao e?neaoeai. «300 Iian գnuեn ?a?o?Y NaOC i?I ao In?IC Uեc»: iեn O?nIae u?N?Y?Y, an եO?I ? Cn ?iեYaoY N?U?n բ?i?I?Y NUaoi U?n?, Y? ?E aoYC եOեn, ?nAեu?ian գnuեn, «?YaYu ?E ?YNեi Ian?I եY 1895 A. ??UC?U?Y c?n?C unեnaoY»: aգCiեU CYaaեe Nn??uai UY?o?I ?CY UCYa? 1914 A. UC u?YC գnuեn, anaYu A?YI?nAեu NYaoAUaoYYեn ?CY ? anaYoUե UեIA գեnU?Y UCeaY?n UA գYեo i?n?i: ?eI UեI aonC?A Ianeiեo?i ?OեiC unեnaoY: ??U?eai ao ?U?a? Iեnaai i?Eai a?iIեnA IaiuC ?YYU?Y ? auY?O E?C ?aonc բaEaniaO NY???nU?Y բ??U?ACi ?iեn?IYեnaoY, ?iեn?IYեn, anaYu ?ei?I եY cnC i?I Aե o?U?uA, e?nեnao, Oanեnao, NaiCiYեnao ? Iaoեnao Uեc, ?Ue բaEanA CnեYo Ean?EanNaon? CU?eiai Uեn NCY ??euեnao ??n?YuYեnY ? Y?E?nNYեnY եY, anaYu CnեYo Uեc aoYCY Ei?oi?I N?U AaOain?C UեIaoAU?Y ??euC ao ?YIU?Y բaEan ?aoEեnao a?iUaoAUaoYA:

Iai?o?U??ao ?i?U??I?U eaia?aoAUaoUU??Uao ??iI?U??U??A IaiեoCu A?e?Yգ?բ?n CnեYo Uեc a?Na?Y?I ?CY ??i UA NCY E?i?գaoUY ?i?Y?aoAUaoYYեnY ao eaianaoAUaoYYեnA: ??nuեnao U?unaoAUaoY, ?YE?n??E eեn ?եaC AYi?YեI?Y enբaoAUaoYYեnA, եnIUaoO?IaoAUaoY ? Ean N?nգ?Yu ?եaC UեIA ? IAOեnA: ??E?i?eեn ? NUaon?eեn, I?nեICo ? uգYaO ?Aբ?EiCY ao au?ianCY, ? iեnCY ?eiC??Y N?i?i?nCU ??i?Y?YuCY: IaiեoCu ??i?Y??aEaoAUaoYA IA N?U?nեCY anaեe a?nCu ao OaoEU?Y UCcao N?U AaOain?CY N?U?n: E?nբեn?C ?UեnCI?oC ao գեnU?Y?oC UCeaYեnYեnA CnեYo ?U?ei?Y ?UբaOc ?nO?Iaon?A I?YoYեCY IaiuA, aoYեY?Eai eեni ??aoU ao N?n?բեnaoAUaoY IaiեoCYեnao Nեi: ??i?Y?YuC N?U?n ?YaYo IaOUե i?ni?I ??E?i?YuYեnA եnբեu aI?naO?o?Y ?aU?Y a??ai CeI ???եE IaiեoCYեnaoY, anaYu UY?oCY UC?i ?Ye?UA?u, YaoUYCeI A?U?Y?I UA UCeaYեnYեnA ?anOեoCY Iaiu գ?E ao NCUYեE N?ei?iaoAUaoYYեn: IaiեoCu aAY??e?cեoCY` ?U? OեeY?nICY Uեc I?YE?iեeեEai ?a?գ? ii?YգA: iaU?I?U u???ao E??EO?UoA InaY?I?Y iaYեnեY ??i, IaiuA aoYեn Cn ?nc?YC enբ?i?Unեnao N?iaoI unեnA: ?aEan iaYC unեnaoY IaiuA ?UբaOcaoAU?Uբ En?E??YuC Uեc ?n: ????I?U??U

??nեIեY??YCY A?Oե-A?O i?YCuYեnao in?U IA ?iIiեCY գեiCY ?ei?I e?eaoYեnai եnI?n eեO?YYեn, anaYo ?aoncA IA բaEaniեCY U?n?CI Aei i?nCuC ? N?eaoYaoAU?Y I?nգai, ?Ue IեnaoEaoUCY ?Ya?UU?Y U?e IA I??UեCY Y?? ?n?oC uaon?եn: OUaoe IaOUեY YaoUYaեe i?YCuYեnao in? IA ??naoY?IiեCY եn?CuC ?aonc բaEaniaO IEan a?nեnA, a?nCY UեciեOA iեO?iani?I` YaoUY i?ni? Yan N?neեnA, CnեYo I?IIi?I uaOեnai, anaYu IA բեnեCY IYu?Uan ?e?cYan?aoAU?Uբ: a?nեnao AYA?ouCY ?եU ?e ?եU IեnգiեCY գեOcI?I?Y եnգեn, anaYu AaOain??I?Y գaOinCI բ?Y?NUaoeaoAUaoYYեn ?CY: ?N? ?U? եnգեnեY u?YC UA YUao?Yեn: *** EEIaiեY ե?եn, EaYaai եY բեnեn, I?nUnaoI N?neYեn, i?YuեY ?n բեnեn: ?nA?Y?ianU? eեO?Y եY I??Uեn: *** eaonբ U??Y i?YuեY, ?OբUaonCY ?IեY, IaoAA Eեo?I ?IեY, ?eY?I եY բեnեn ?nA?Y?ianU? unNYaoAU?Y caonեY: *** ?YO?Y եY u?Uեn A?UaoY Uեc unNYեn enբ???Y N?Unեn iaoY-iaoY եY բ?AYեn ?nA?Y?ianU? գCYCY եY բեnեn: *** A?n-A?n OեY Iao գ?U ?Iեu iեeեu a՞i Iao գ? eCnaoY բեn?եY Eaon Iao գ? ??E?YCY N?neA Iao գ? IinC?Yեn OC?ian ??U U?YaoIYեn բ?Ei?ian ?anCu UեIYCu ??n?ian: *** ?i ?CU?oC i?YuCYA IEU?YC, N??U, OCcC uEniaOA iեn N?UnA IEU?YC, N??U, ?i?եY գ?EaOA եOբ?Une IEU?YC, N??U, O?Un?U a?in ??nIեn բեn?CY Uaiեn, N??U, OեI?C ?OIեI IaiA UեI?C E?eYեn, N??U, OեI?C Naiեn I?n?IեY UեI?C գ?eYեn, N??U, ?aon բեnեu, caon բեnեu aեeiYCe Ei?Y?U, N??U, I?nUCn canCY բեnեu բեeYեne բ?eY?U, N??U,

?եaC i?Yu եnA?U o?iեne UaeY?U, N??U: *** ??E?EC, ե?E?EC ??E?EC, ե?E?EC iYեnեY եEեEe Iao գ? ??ni?n Y?UեEe Iao գ? i?YuA բեn?CY ?CU?o ? O?UբCY ?YoYaOY CU ե?nY ?: ??E?EC, ե?E?EC ??E?EC, ե?E?EC A?UaoY Uեc uY?oեn եU eaonբ U??YA iեeեn եU Գ?oեu iեeեu iեn NanA o?iեne Uae?oեn եU: ??E?EC, ե?E?EC ??E?EC, ե?E?EC ?Iao գY? N?U iO? ?եn?C ?aoeA u?c iO? ?n?? ?nIեEao N?U?n a?iեn??Uե UեI iO?: ?եe anu?Y I?UCY ?UeaCeC գaOinCI եnգեn, anaYu IեnգiեUCY Uaon?u?YaUaon iaY?I?Y unեnaoY, N?ne?Yե?I?Y N?Y?եeYեnaoY, aon?EaoAU?Y ? En?E??YuC unեnaoY, ??eae an ??i uCaեn I?Y ?YaYoUե Uեn NC?aOaoAU?Y Uեc: ?eI գni?IA գnեAե UC?UY ?Ueu?YA, an գnC ?eYեEao YiCn?I?Y գanIA I?i?n?I ? Uեn eCnեEC N?UnեY?ICoA` N?YգaooU?E IUaonեO En?U?YA: ??iCIA, IYaoY?A, Uan i?nCY IA iaYiեUCY ?e?iեE I?U a?I?e ?aouai, CYaaեe eaian?բ?n բaEan iեOեnA ??U?ei?YC Uեc, anaoY U?eCY ??Yo IYեU գnեE: ??O???OaoO ?i?O?I) iC??IC unեnao iaY?EUբaoAUaoYA YaoUYaեe UեI ?aouai IA I?i?niեCY a?niե?Yեnao ? ?UգCYեnao Uեc: iե?nY AY??e?cCY IaiեoCYեnA IA i?eեCY Ea?an ?ե?ai բ?եIYեn, anaoY In?C IAeեCY IaiեoCYեnA, ?Ue բao?i?e In?ICY ?aonc IA ??eY?UCY N?iaoI O??IեnaaoAUaoYai գUaoOC Yan ?եe?YեnA, ?U? i?eiեECu ?In?CY) aեiu ?n Yan ?եe?Yեn ??E?Iai բեnեCY: ?????o aoEiA

????n a?a? Eեe?Y aoEiC unY ?n ?U? unA: ?nc?YYեnեY եIaO NUaonեnaoY, aoEi?ianYեnaoY Nեi NaI բ??UaoAU?Uբ UեI un ?e?c IA բ?nOn?Y?UCY Eեe?Y գ?գ?AC aoEi?iեOCY ? UեI En?E??YuYեnե iեnc N?can? unA IA iեn???eY?UCY: ?eii?I?I?U ?nեu un` գC?եn-oեnեI ?Y????n En?E??YuYեnao Uեc IA գiYiեn ?UբaOc գUaoOA, ?aoneեY` iCգn?Y?IեniC, E?nբեn?C բaEan ?nc?YYեnեY եIaO 5000-6000 aoEi?ianYեnao NaI բ??UaoAU?Y Nեi IA I??U?Iեnaiեn Y?i?գY?oaoAUaoY e. U??Y IO?CY:Ui?գ ao a?n, Nn?o?Y?OգaoAUaoY u?A IA AY??oYեCY, N?nUaon?ian U?i?OYեnA IA U?iaooiեCY IO?CY: aoEi?ianYեnA UaoiuA N?OA?Y?IեY ??nOaO բ?Y?IC N?U??an բYaoUA aoYեn: ?UեY???e??aouA ?Ue IO?CCY YiCni?I ?eii?I?IY? unY ?n: IaiեoCYեnA ?Ue բ??U???Y iaYC unեnaoY IA iեn?YanaգեCY: Uaon?u?YaUaon iaY?I?Y un Cn ?CYCa ao ??YCi գanIA IA I?i?nեn IaiեoCC ?aoAU?Y Uեc: ?Ue unեnao Iao գ?UCY ao IA ?YNեi?oYեCY IaiեoCYեnao Uեc գaUaoAUaoY aoYեoaO ?UեY I?nգC Ein?I?YaoAUaoY, uեY ao Eeaiu: iեnc?aեe ?Ue iaYC unեnA N?Uեn??EaoAU?Y, UեI eCni, UեI NaգC AYեEao ?եnA IA I?i?nեCY, anai I?nեEC ? ?Yi?n?Y AeեE an IaiuA IA I??Uեn UC AY?N?Yaon N?Uեn??E AYi?YCu: Iai?o?U??ao ???OOaoUoA ?i ?a?aoei? O??aoU??A

IaiեoCYեnC գEE?ian ? NCUY?I?Y ?բ?OUaoYuY ?n Ii?i?գanIaoAUaoYA, OIYaneaoAUaoYA, YեnI?n?naoAUaoYA, բnaoi?գanIaoAUaoYA, Ia?I?I?naoAUaoYA, ?i?OO?գanIaoAUaoYA, anUY??naoAUaoYA ? ?UEY: OC?UY NCYգ-iեo iaoY IA ?բ?OiեCY NaO?գanIaoAU?Uբ: Ii?i?գanIaoAU?Y ? OIYaneaoAU?Y գEE?ian ? NCUY?I?Y ?բ?OUaoYuեY Nեia եnnan? iեOA IA բeYեn YեnI?n?naoAUaoYA: iեnaNC?U?E բaEan ?nNեeiYեnai IaiuA IA ea?e?nIեn ?nc?YYեnao բaEan Aaonu ? uaon? ??գբY?IaaoAU?Y, anaYu ?aonI ?CY բaEan iեe?I ?nNեeiYեnեY: Ii?i?գanIaoAUaoYA Cn Y?EY?I?Y O?ai ?n, բ?Uբ?IA IA U?Yiեn c?Unai ao IA գanIiեn NanAC in? U?գaգai, NեYuA IA NեYեCY ??nuai oCoեnao in?U i?eiA ??Oai, anaoY in? ?Yoaoo?I ?CY U?eaoA?Yեn(Ea?an ??E?n?IYեn): OY?o?IA` ?nե?ai AnI?I ao U??Ii?I, CeI գanIեEեY iեnc eaCi?I?oYեEao N?U?n Ii?iA IA A?A?EեY AnCuC Uեc UC u?YC un, anUե Nեia E?C cnai եnեu un ?Y????n IA Ei?Y?Y ao IA A?IեCY ??Uiե A?Iai e?E u?nեnao in?: ?UeaCeai Ii?iA IA eaCi?I?Y?n` ??eY?Eai գanI?IեEC: Ii?iC in? YեnI?n?n?I?Y eCeiեUai IA բ?YեCY ??Y???Y գaoUYC I?OCIYեn, anaYu IA գanI?IեCY ?YIaOCYC, iեnU?IC, բ?nOC N?U?n: I?ni??nեCY Y?? aonC? գaoY?ian գanIi?IuYեn ? բn?ե ??Ei?nYեn: ??aoi?Գa?IaoAUaoUA

UU?Y?aեe AY?N?n?o?I գanI ?n: ??iaoI I?nUCn NaOեY IA ?CYեCY AaYCnYեn, I?n?eYեn, I?ao?Yեn, A?O?nYեn, anaYu ?e IA ea?e?nIեCY N?n??Y Aaonu ? uaon? գUaoOեnao: IaiեoCYեnao U?e?YC ?UբaOc ??n?A ? OUեei? a???nC ?Uբ?nA ?Ue ?U?YեOեYYեnY ?CY: ?Ue NaOե ?U?YYեnA U?eY?գCianեY a?in?eiiեEեY Nեia IA AnIiեCY. գCYC, AAaoեOեYC, EiaoiC ?U?YեOեYYեnA IA e?OA?a?iեCY EiaoiA aan a?NեEao, CeI UUaoeYեnA` au?Uu?UեEao N?U?n: OIUa?eaoAUaoUA OIYaneaoAUaoYA IaiեoCYեnao N?U?n aa UC?UY ?anaoeiC գEE?ian UCcaoYեnեY UեIY ?n, ?UE Y?? iեnCY ?eiC??YC N??եEC ? ?i?n??EC գanI:

Iaiեnao, EC?եnao ? գեiեnao բaEan iեe?IC OIYaneaoAUaoYA CYau?Y ?E N?U?YU?Y AEE?Y ao ??NaoUAC I?i?Eai ?YN?UեU?ianեY բ?nOn, բ?Uo ? ?UYaեe CnեYo O?եnai IA i?nբեnեCY IaiuC OIYaneaoAUaoYեY: IaiuC OIYaneaoAU?Y u?YC UA iեe?IA CnեYo O?ai ? բYaoUAai ե??IC ? ?e?YOY?N?iaoI IA UY?Y: OIYaneaoAU?Y O?եnA iեo iեe?I եY, anaYoUե եnեuA EaO?Eai, I?nAai, EayEayai (iեe?I UA aoeI?Y), ?UE UCcaoYեn aI?Y: ?Ue iեncCYai ?, an Iane?oiC N?UեO ao a?ii?I?Y Eiaoi Iaai?I U?Yn OaoIA: Eiaoi OaoIA IA ane?oiC U?UCeC iեncեY eIeU?E UCYa? uգaeiaeC iեncA, anUե Nեia ?UE?e ?U? OaoIեnA I?YNեi?Y?Y UCYa? գ?ECu i?ni? YaoUY ?nc?YA: Eiaoi OaoIA NaO?I?ian ?n ? ?Yan ?YaoYA i?n?Ii?I ?n aa UC?UY E?nբեn?C ao iCգn?Y?IեniC ?nc?YYեnA, ?UE Y?? aaEea ?nc?YA ao ?UեnCI?N?Uեnao Uեc: ?inaa?I?Y EC?եnեY aa UեIA aaoYCY EiaoiC iեe?I OaoIA, unCY?I un?YeC?UC ?YCeC ?ue EեaեY, ?aoCoեnC?UC EեU?Y EC?եnaoY Uեc aI?Y EiaoiC iեe?IYեn: OIYaneaoAU?Y, Ii?i?գanIaoAU?Y ? iեnaNC?U?E ?nNեeiYեnao եI?UaoiYեnA ?iեE?oYեEai` ??Y???Y I?Ei?IYեnao ao ?Y?eY?a?NaoAU?Y ? ?UգեգanIaoAUaoYե եI?I եI?UaoiYեnao in?U, IA I??UեCY IaiեoCYեnao AY?N?Yaon ?anaoeiC ?OբUaonYեnA: aoeaoOU?I?U ???o

aoeaoUY?I?Y N?noC Uեc IaiuA IA գiYiեn Uai?ian?aեe E?nբեn?C գUaoOեnao ??nuCY ?e?iեE I?U Yi?? a??ai: IaiuA 1836 Ai?I?YYեnaoY, եnբ iեncCY ?Yգ?U Cn Y?EICY Ea?an I?OIU?E iC??IեY ?nIiեo?i, UY?Eai UC?UY ??aon UA, ?Yi?n?IaoUe, an ?YCI? ?nIiեo?i Y?? A?U?Y?Ii? բaEan UiuC U??IYեnեY, anaYo U?eCY ?Aբ?Ei?բ?n aaCYa aaoYCYu anaեe ?OբUaon, CeI ?U? Ai?I?YYեnեY Nեia IaiuA aoYեo?I ? UC u?YC i?n??aեiYեn, u?N?Y?Yեn ? iCn?oaoYեn, anaYu եO?I ?CY Aե եIեOեoa ea?e?ianYեn ? UC?A?U?Y?I ?YaYu CnեYo I?nգCY a?in?eii?I ?CY o?Yi?e Aiai գnao-բnao U?n?CI: ?Yaaեe i??I?N?U?ei?YC ??i iեOեn, YaoUYaեe ?E IaiuC Uեc ??nAaYua eIe?i e?NU?Y??naoAU?Y ?nc?YCY: IaiuC ?UեnCI?UC aoeaoUY?eCn?oA Ea?an ?եn I?i?nեo aa UC?UY aoeU?Y ?ea?nե?C Uեc, ?UE Y?? ?YCI? U??I?I ?n Ea?an In?գCn, ?aEեEao N?U?n NCUYaiCY IaiuA Cn ?UբaOcaoAU?Uբ: aoeaoUY?eCn?oC NCUY?I?Y In?գCnY ?n ?aEեE գUaoOCY iեOA ? I?eaoo?YեE բaEanaiCY YanA, Yan O?ai, Yan iaoYեnai, ?anaoai ? Yan եIեOեoCai: ?iեECY, I?eaoo?YեE Y?? OaoIC a?N?IaUC գanI?n?Y: ?anaoA eIe?i I?U?o-I?U?o Cn Y?EY?I?Y ?naoAUaoYA ?aEեE, ???IեniaoAU?Y ACiA ?n?եY բ?nOn?o?I ?n Uai 120-C, եnIeեe, Aե? ?OcCIYեnao ACiA ?եe uCa, բ?Uo ?n?եY eIei?I ?n: aoeUaoYuA OnC ? ?YEiCn ?n: I??U?Iեnaiեo?i գn???n?Y, Aե? N?Uեei, ? e?I?UY ?nAեu?ian գnuեnai uAii?I, eIe?Y եIեOեo?I?Y ? ??E?nNCI AaOain??I?Y եnգեnao ??eAYA?oYեn: ??oC ?U?, բaEanCY uգYaoAUaoY ?YYեoaoI AYi?YCuYեnaoY, բ?nեE?iեEai ?YaYo iYiեe?I?Y iC??IA: ?n Y?EICY I?OIaoY ? բ?nգ?i?? iC??IA IaneoYaO IaiuA, I?n? A?U?Y?Ii? AYA?ouCY ?n?եY AeCauC Uեc ?n: ?i?O e?I?UY... բUaon ?YեIu eiեOI?գanI?I?Y բaEan գեOեoIaoAUaoYYեnY ao ??euA Eani?IaOYեnaoY:

Iaio? aoEi?i?U???U ao ?UaoAUaoUU??A 1.eaonբ O?U?eC N?Yu?UCY cnեn 2.eaonբ onICa ?iեn?IYեn, գUaoOCY ?n?UiU?Y IaOUA 3.??Un ?Aae ? ?Yan Uai eaonբ u?n ?iեn?IYեnA e?aoI cnCIC Uai 4.i?Yu-oCECeե. ??iA?e?n uaoni գUaoOC բ?nOaoYuC in?U, ?iեn?I: on??o?I N?Uեn UCYa? NCU? IA a?NեY i?YuCY ?YaoYA ? I?nգ UA eaianaoAUaoYYեn: 5.o?naoIC A?U. ??iA?e?nեY ?E ?Y?CY, ?a?e?AC UA eianaiA ?iեn?I: 6.E?aCY ?IA գUaoOC N?n?i?UCY բ?nOaoYuYեnaoY in?, aCEa ?YaoYai I?YaA A?UeեnaoY i?I: 7.IAUn?Y IO?CY, N?UեnA A?U IA IaaեY, uaon?եnA uCECeե (եIեOեoC): 8.?aCn?i C?E?YC ?iեn?IA Uai ? I?UenCI UեI ?OբUaonCY` «I?UenCI բեn?» ?YaoYai ?E I?YaA: ?UAU AaonuեnA ? uaoniեnY IA բY?ICY: «I?UeեnCIC բեn?» aN?YOYեu ?եYuեnY ao eaoUբեnA»:

OCYa? ?n?A U?Un UiYեEA, ??naoY?Iեo?Y գ???Y?UCY բ?nբ?naeaoAUaoYYեnY ao EA?AaoAUaoYYեnA: o?Eei?I?YYեne գUaoOC aOբեnգaoAU?Y U?eY?ICo ?CYu Uեn aOc ?aoAU?Uբ ao I?anեCYu ?UեY???eY ao ??A?Y a?Nեn: Aaonu գanI?I?EYեnA iեO?iani?I ?CY գUaoOCY ?ec?, E???C aoeեYCYեnao i?I: I?eեnaoY I?a?I a?n?YYեnai I?E?n?YYեn ?CY a?in?eiեn: ?EaeCY Uեc բ?Yi?nIi?IYեnA եnIao OեeuեnYCY Nեi?A I?a?I IA բեnեCY ? IA I?EեCY գEECi?n ao ?aoUEեnai caon EoYեEai, ??Uiեnai IA IեIեCY ?UYu?Y ?iեY, UCYa? an I?Ei?IC uAեY ao բեnYեY ?nUaoY գ?n: ?եia գեiCY CcեoYեEai, aiuեnեY ?Yoi?I a?n?Yai գեiY?u?? IA iեn???nOYեCY ?Eae: ?eI ?Ue Nnե??UCY գanIaOaoAU?Y AYA?ouCY, ??iեUoC aեuCn ?O?Y EnբեYC unuCcYեnai IA գae?n N?UեnեY. «??UA U?NեY aC i?EեY?n, UC?i Iao?ե a?iեn??UCE N?UI?I?Y NaOCY N?U?n»: Aaonu գanI?I?EYեnao C գanI ?n?I բaEan i?Un?գaoAUaoYYեnA C?aon ?Yo?Y: o?c?Ianai IaiեoCY ?Y?n?iեEC UY?o Cn N?i?i?nUaoAU?Uբ: e?I?UY Nnե?YեnA a?CY N?գեo?I CnեYo գ???YaoAUaoYYեnai ? ?Ue ?Yգ?U N?i?uեoCY բaEan ICYեnA, anaYo Uեc Y?? եnեo ICYA: i?Yc?YuYեnao ? Ea?i?YգaoUYեnao եYA?nIi?I iCn?ian բ?Yi?nIU?EYեnao IeICIY ao o?iA IA բ??U?a?iIiC a?ii?EY?naoAU?Y YiCn?I?Y ?գ?oaoUA Nai In?Iai I?Unե ?YaYo Eaoaii?I ao բ?Iii?I eniեnA: Iaiu ?UբaOcaoAU?Uբ I?anC Iaian?IեY ?iեEC I?Yn ao ?N?ian A?Uեn: OCi?OYեnao ?nUaoYai ??YIեnեY ???ii?I ??Eei?I?YYեnaoe eCniY ao NaգCY I?EեIaIiC inեAEY?naoAU?Uբ: ?nեIaU?Y Uեn Uai եI?i IaiuC Uai?I? գUaoO?oC ?EC i?UCY, an iեOU?I ?n ??Eei?I?YYեnaoe U?eCY ? գCiեn Uեn aniեO AEE?EA: ?EC i?UCY A?EIai ?ե?iեnai ? ?noaoYuai ?auեnai բ?n?եo Uե?: Oեn ?auեnY ?n?եY A?o ?CY: ?EC i?UCY եI?I ?n ECei I?n?an գanIai: ԳnCգan O?niCIU?YA ?Yan UCcaoai AaonuեnեY Y?U?I UA IA OnIեn, anaեe?C ?UեY??n?գ Iեnaai i?niC i?niC E?nբեn?, OaoN?Uե? aեUCY: U?U?IA IA YI?n?գnեn գUaoOC ?OեE?n? a?iIեnA ? a?O?i?գCY IA EY?nեn OaoN?Uե? aեUC UCc?UiaoAUaoYA I?e?i?nCa i?ECCY Uai: ?YI?nեECaoAUaoYA N?i?e?n ?n ?UE?e ??Uբan?aoAUaoY I?i?nեEA N?UaoY N?U?n: O?NA N?U?i?n?I IA e?i?eYեn N?Uao գEECY ?UեY iեO, ?UեY naaե: ?UYao?UեY?UYCi ?Y?YC?Y ei?YOYեo ?U? ECei ii?Yգ?ian a?ni?I?YaoAUaoYA: UaoUY գC?եn ?Y?YC?UC Y?i?Iai ?aE??niեoCYu E?C UUaoe ??A: ?n iեn???nOCY Uե?C iniեECu Y??YA ana?եEai, N?Uբaoniեo?Yu N?caOaoAU?Y U?OA?YuYեnai: ?i ?N? ?Y?YC?Y uaoniC i?n??ai EեeY?UCY ??Y?a?nNai UեIYեo?i E?nբեn?, NaoUe aoYեn, Aե N?can? unY CeI IA iեn???eY?: ?YCI? EC??E, N?Y?aoգY ? ?Yi?E U?n? ?n: ?Y?YC?Y ?aE??naOYեne iեn???nO?Yu E?C ?CU?oC ??A, Y?i?IA InICY a?NեoCYu IaoC UA Uեc ao բ?nOn?o?Yu Uեn iեo AYIեnYեnao Uai: ??can? unA, ana?U?E A?UեnaoY, բaEane ?E ?auYեne N?e?I eni?ina? ? ?YOI?Yau IA ea?eեCYu Uե?C iniեECu Y??YCY: ao? գC?եn ?n, ?N? In?IC ?aun բaoA, an Uaiեo?i ??i ?aoiai ao ?Ueaեe եnInan?A, եnnan?A: ?UE?e aa UեI i?n?IaoUe: ?Y?YC?Y ?: iեo NaգCCe N?CN? ?U? ??eCi?nA CcYեEA u?YC UA naaե Aiեo?i:

?Y?YC?Y, eaOaeIեEai, Ccեn ?n UCYa? E???C u?nեnA: UanեY ?aun EaoUe UA: U?i?IA I?YգYեo ?Y?YC?UC ?ec?: OեYu AY?aoYեoCYu ??UY գCnIAY?E?eY N?UբaoUnYեnai: o?eu uե? ?eii?I, Naգao? U?i?O. eCnեEC IinC?, an aOc-aOc ?eaOc iեn???nO?n: o?U?uեY Nեe?Y?EեY Nեia ?UեYue ?E IեYinaY?o?I Uiuai EeեoCYu ?Y?YC?UC Naoe??nCa EaonA: ?Y?YC?Y Y?U?IA N?YOY?I ?n aեICY: aեIA Eaei?o?I ?n ?YUCc?aեe UCcYan?եE i?ECCY ? ?aECe OCiiUaonCY N?i?eiեn ?n, an ?n?UaoYuA ?Ya?UU?Y ?n?I?Y IAEE?U: Oեn aգ?anaoAUaoYY ao e?a??YuA ?Ye?NU?Y եO?i: ?Y?YC?Y Uե?C a?? Naoe??n?I a?n: I?nեIoaoAU?Y EaonA N?Oan?եo ? e?I?UY ECei AYI?i?I Iեn??n: ?Y?YC?Y Ean ??E u??եEai Ae?i. «eCnեECYեne, եe IA I?nIեU, Aե ?UE?e E?i?iեeaoAU?Y ?nc?YA ?Yo?I ?: ??Y???Y O?C I?nեIoaoAUaoYYեnA A?U?Y?I?ian բ?Yեn եY: AaonuA UC?i i?n?I ?n A?E?YC, ?iեn?IaoAU?Y ? Iai?n?IC u?O?u?I?YaoAUaoY: UեnI?UCe YanեY ?U? բaEanC ?e?c IA գiYiCYu UեYu»: I?nեIoaoAU?Y Eaon բեnaO ?Y?YC?Y Uե? IA UOեn Ui?i?YcaoAU?Y ?Y?aoY?A: Oեn iեn???nOCY Aana AanaeA aI?n: ?YCI? գ?o?I ?n N?YOYiեEao: ICYեnao բ?Yi?nIaoAUaoYA Aana AanaeCY UOեn ?n N?YOY ?eYեEao ?U? u?UEA: ??can? unA եnեIaU?Y ?եU գUaoOեY ?aone Iaoգ?UCY EaoUբ UA U?n?CI, ?e?c?Y?Eai ?եaC ??ee?Y Iaai?I u?n?բEaonA: ?nբ ?U? EaoUբA ?n?NեiեY բEaonCY գ?գ?AA N?e?i, N?YI?nI UC NaգC ?U? U?n?I?UCY ?OA?UեY ?n?գ u?UEեnai բEaonC ??UnY ?Yo?i ao Ae?i ?Y?aoY?: IaiuA Iao i?n ?e?cCY ?aNA: ?nCIi?Y UaoAA I?Yn UOO?i?Ycai a?iեo Uե?: IeII?EC eniեnai ?Yana?aoAU?Y Uեc ?CYu: Oi?i?YcaoAU?Y Uեc A?Oi?I` Eaoe ao ?YEae: ԳC?եnA iCni? ?ECY Uե?C aoiեECu բեn?i, CYaaեe Y?? Aana AanaeC ?YOY?ea?YaoAU?Y գaoAA: Aana AanaeA ?I?Y?iեe AEE?Eai Uեn N?U?գUaoO?oCYեnao ueiUYեEC iC??ICY, CYI?I ?n I?Un?NեO Naoe?N?iaoAU?Y գCnIA ? NO?oեn ?YOY?ea?YaoAU?Y UCiuA: AaonuեnaoY Aeեn ?n, Aե CYuA գCiե ?եYuեnao iեOA, U?iY?Y?եEai, an ?եYuեnA IA գiYiCY ?U? բEaonC Uai: ?UeaCeai Aana AanaeA ?eCA ?n eiեOIեn CYuA?CYuA i?n YեiեEao ?U? iCAE?nC գ?N?iեAC բ?nOaoYuեY: ԳUaoOA a???naOYեnA IA a?N?YcեCY u?N?Y?Y, an գ?U N?YOYiC, N?I?e?I a?n?գ?UCY եnեoICYA aCiC եYA?nIեY ?YU?n?I?UCY EեYե?aoAUaoYYեnao: iեn N?UnA E?եo EeaoAUaoYA ? Ean ?E u??եEai eIe?i. «a?, I?nեEC a? N?Y?aonAեE ?Ue գ???Y?UCY ?n?nuYեnA: E?o ao IaIեY aa UեI uգaoi: ?Aե եe Oեn NaiCiY եU, ?a? aեiu ? Nեi?եu CYOC: ?n?Uau U?n?I?UCY ao ??գ?UCY ?գ?oaoUYեnA I?naO եY N?Y?aonAեE Uեn ?եU գanI??ni?I ?N?ian բ?nբ?naeaoAUaoYYեnA: OCAե Y?EAYinեEC a? a?iiai UեeYCEA, u?Y Aե i?YciեEե, i?e?aեEե, ?Ya?iiեEե, Na?aiiեEե ao ?nUaoY?u?U AEE?Eե iեnc UեeYCEA: a? CU eCnեECYեne, ?Ueaեe Aե ?UYaեe, Uե?C iC??Ii?IA U?N ?: aoeiC ?YNn?Aե?i ? ?UեY գYai ?CU??naoAUaoY I??U?IեnaեE»: ?Y?YC?Y UC?Y?Eai iեn Nan ?e?c?nICY, ??naoY?Iեo. «OCYa? a՞on aCiC N?eYCY C գanI ?ni?I EA?AaoAUaoYYեnA: 1896-C c?n?եnA, ICECIC?Y, ?Ueuni?Y Uեn ?N?ian ?naoAUaoYA բ?i?n?n եY, an UեYu N?Ua?iCYu ao Nեi?CYu iեn NanA, Uեn O?aY? ?nեoCY ao ?YoYեYu գanIC»: ??OaoaA ??e EaeեEao OCnu aaoYեn, an Eaeեn, բ?Uo ?Y ?E N?UiYեo Cn i?e?I?Y I?UuA ?CU??naoAU?Y N?U?n: ?CU??naoAU?Y եnեu IaOUY?ICoYեnA ?e?c?nIեoCY եnA?E, N?YեE, A?Oi?I ?եYuեnA ? 13 NaգCai ?CYi?I ?nc?a?iեE գUaoOA a???naOYեnA, ?CY?A?? AYեE ??YaYu ? գUaoOA IO?C ?aE??nեE: iեn Nan ? ?Y?YC?UC aգե?aoYa EaeuեnY ao բaEan ??ei?nIYեnY C?aon ?Yo?Y: OեI?U?eYaoAUaoYA a?n I?naO AUբeYեE, Aե գ?ECu ?N?ian եOեeY?գanIaoAUaoYYեnA ?YEaoe??եEC եY: ??I?e?I ?YoU?EC ??eY ?anOեnaoY, UեI?U?eYaoAUaoYA IA in?U?բ?Yեn ?UE Iեna, Aե u?YC an ԳեnU?YCaU YU?Y unCeiaYU? UեI aեiaoAUaoYA ???Y?ICo ? AaonuCa, ?YCI? եnբեu AaoUE aC i?n, an Uե? YU?Y unCeiaYU? ??գ UA IaianեY: ?nեu NaգCC ?եU CYA NaգC ?nգեEu N?Y?Ce?o?Y ?CU??naoAU?Y In?գnCY: ?YaYoUե UեIY ?E եe ?C: anu?Y an N?U?Ii?I ?C AUբaeiaoAU?Y ?գ?oaoUYեnai, e?I?UY ?եe EC??EaoAUaoY aaoYեC, ?Y?ao?i ?Yan N?U?n, an i?I?iCY 16 i?nեI?Y a?i?YC ?C: Iեe գC?եnեY iեnc iեn N?UnA Uե? N?i?uեo Cn ?aoncA, InICY ao InICY ?nI?nIեo ?CU??naoAU?Y EY?CnA, բ?Uo` C?aon: iեn N?UnA ECei Nao?i?I ?n, բaEan ?CգեnA Eani?Ii?I ?CY: U? iեncCY ?Yգ?U I?n??o Cn a?Na?YCa ?OaAuA: ?aEane N?UբaonեoCYu ?Yan eaonբ ?cA: ?եia ?YCI? ?Y?YC?UCY ao ???aoaCY Nեi UեIYեo?i eaonեI Iaai?I ?n?oC uaoni գUaoOA` ?ECi?UCեYo iaoYA: ?e?iaiU?Y Uai ?Y?YC?Y ? ???aoaA iեn???nO?Y, CeI iեn N?UnA ?ECi?UCCY Nեi եnA?Eai IaiuC Uai` I?a ?CY N?ei?iեE եOբane Nեi, CeI Nեia uaoniC i?n??ai Iaii?I UեIYեn ?CY E?nբեn?` OaoN?Uե? aեUC Uai ?a?ei?YեEao NaoUeai: O?Y?a?nNCY ?n?UYեIC ?e?c, A?Yi?nU?Yեnao ? uaoniեnao EaoUբCY N?Y?CaեEai ? ?YaYoUե ??YaaooiեEai, i?ni?I ?CY E?nբեn?C բ?YiA: ?եi?գ?UCY iեn aaOae u?N?Y?Y Y?N?i?Iiեo?i E?nբեn?C բ?Yi?nIU?EYեnao Nեi` i?եaaUYCC UaiեnA: ??can? unA IaiuA a???naOYեnA UեIYեo?Y, CnեYo Nեi i?YեEai բaEan բ?Yi?nIU?EYեnA, YaoUYaեe ? ԳnCգan ? Գ?ea?n aa?aoiU?YA, CeI ICYեnA ???i ?nO?I?I ?CY: ??Yi?nIi?IYեnեY ??iեnA a?na?n?YuYեnao Nեi??Yuai u?EեEao I?naOaoAUaoY aaoYեCY: aoeiC canCYեnai ? ??եnai ?aE??n?I ?CY ??YaYu: aoAեnan? unA OIYane ??Eei?I?YYեne Ui?Yu գUaoO: eaoգC Uեc ?n ?UբaOc գUaoOA, ??i?nIi?I ao ?U?U?o?I: ?CYianoCYեnA i?Oaoo գ?o?I ?CY ?Yana?aoAU?Y ao ?YeiaoUգaoAU?Y գCnIA, CeI UY?oU?E ?Un U?n?CIY ?E Nեi?Nեiե գ?oCY ?YaYo Nեi?եY: ԳUaoOC ??i?nIaoAU?Y Uեc u?YC UA ??Eei?I?YYեnaoe iեn???nOA UեI UECA?naoAUaoY ?n: Oե?Uե ??i I?UCY u?YC UA ?Un U?n?CI ?e: ?Y?YC?Y uեe?OcI?Ye` O?nգ?nCiC ?UaoeCYY ?n: ?UեY un ?e?Yo բ?o?eaoAU?Y IA N?Y?CaեC ?YaYo iaoYA: ?nIao եOբ?UnYեnA YaoUY I?nICuCY ?CY, N?i?i?o?I ?CY, an N?U AaOain?C գEEaoY UեI ?OեiA ?YEaoe??եEC ? ? ?U? ?nU?Y NեOեOC ?e?c AaoUբ I?YգYեoYեEao A?U?Y?IY ?Yo?I ? ?UE?e: un UA եnIao եOբ?UnYեnaoY Nեi գ?oCYu CnեYo a?niե?A, an CnեYo i?Y Uai ?n: ?Ue a?niե?A գ?nY?Y?UCY ??n??n?Yuai a?Yi?I բaon?ei?Y UY ?n: ?nIao եOբ?UnYեnA CYau?Y ?Cգ ao uniCYu A???I ?CY ?U? enբ???Y NaOCY in?, CYa ?anaoUYեnai N?eoaoo?I ?CY ?U? Nn???գեO iC??ICY: eiե??YU?Y AYi?YCuA anu?Y aon?E unեn ?Yoaooեn ?n Cn eCnեECYեnai ao բ?nեI?UYեnai ?U? ե?եU?I?Y a?niե?CY Uեc: ?nIao եOբ?UnYեn eIe?Y Ean?eao?iCE Ue?UE iեnEaoIaoAUaoYYեnao Uեc: ?YaYu ?Y?n???nO?Y N?U AaOain?C ??I?i?գn?I?Y eE?EYեnao U?eCY, ??i?a?niեEai ? ?YCIեEai ?inaa?UC E?a?a??i aեiaoAUaoYYեnA ? N?iI?aեe ԳեnU?YC?Y, anaեe AaonuCa ???Y?ICoA: ? iեnca ?Y?n???nO?Y CnեYo ?naoAU?Y ? Eaeեo?Y CnեYo ??EaoeiC U?eCY: ??YI?nI aiY?O?UY IA EeեYu: a?niե?C UaoiuC ?eYեY ?CYi?I aeiCI?Y UA Iao գ?U: ?Y?IYI?E e?ne??C oYoaoUե UA iեnc, UեYu AY?aoYեoCYu ??UY: ?U? aeiCI?YA Uեn ?n?oC uaoni գUaoOեY eCinեIoC OaoN?UեiY ?n, an IA Iaaiեn Y?? eana: ?Y?YC?UC UiեnCU բ?nեI?UY ?n: aeiCI?Y eanaY ECei iEaon ?n: ??n?եY iեnc Yeiեo?i ?YEae ao Eaoe, ?auեnA N?e?I գեiYCY: ?nI?n EeեEե եiu` eanaY eIe?i E?E: ?e ?e, OIniCaA ?e E?oCYu, ?Y?YC?UCY eCniA I?nIեe u?n ?n Iinեn:

eanaY, Ean ?E u??եEai, Uե? EanNaon? iiեo, an ?Ya?UU?Y ??EaCYu, EuեEai AYi?YCu, iaoY ao iեO: ?Yo?I ?n բaEan enբaoAUaoYYեnA a??ia?YեEao ?nc?YA: A?Yi?nU? eanaY N?UiYեo EaE գUaoOC IaianaIC գaoUAA: ?OեeYA iեOC ?n aoYեoեn եnեI, ICn?IC unA, E?C ?CU?oC ??C a?eaUC ???C Iaai?I i?UnA: eanaY ?UYiեOեY IA iեn???eY?n: ?եia N?Oan?եo, Aե Uեn գUaoOC iեO?N?YaoAU?Y aCiC I?i?niC եnIao unեY` aanեu??բAC: ?Y?ICaYեnA aCiC բ?AYեCY եnIao EaoUբC ? c?n?եCY Uai?I?U i?UnեnA: O?n?I?UCY IU?YuC Uեc ?n?Uau InY?U AEE?E ?iեEC ?N?ian ao u?UYեEC ?anaoU, u?Y ?U? e? i?nIU?YYեnA: ?եe uCa ?e?c ?U? ?OեiC U?eCY iեnEaoIaoUYեnA IAYեCYu ao I?anեCYu ??UY ?Yana? Ui?a?iIեnai UA: ?eI ?UAU I?YգY?I ?CYu I?i?ni?I CnaOaoAU?Y ?ec?: eanaY N?UiYեo Y??, Aե ?Ya???N?e եnեE?YեnA aCiC i?YCY ? N?YOY?n?nեo ?եU aIեY?E ?ian: ?YCI? ii?i I?nգ UA N?nU?n Aaonuեnao ? uaon?եnao ?YaoYYեn, anaYo I?nեEC ? N?YOYեE ?Ya???N?eYեnA: OiեnCU ao N?i?i?nCU uaon? eanaY iեnc?oaoo Cn AeեECuYեnA ? UեIYեo?i գCnIAY?E?eA N?UբaoUnai: ?nբ ?Y?YC?UեYo iaoYA iեn???nO?Yu, ?Y?YC?Y ??i Nao?Ca Eaeuեn An?i: ?Yan EaeuեnA OIYane ??Eei?I?YYեnA ?CU??naoAU?Y UOեEao Nan?anեY ??i ?iեEC eni???nA ?CY: ?Ue ?Yգ?U ?YCI? Cn EaeuեnA IaoOOեn IYacA` O?nգ?nCiCY: ?Y?YC?Y բ?o?inեo, Aե Uեn AaOaiaon?A ?nIեEao բaEan UCcaoYեnA au?oեE եY: ?գ?oaoUYեnA ?UE?e ?Y?an եY CnեYo ?եnA I?i?nեEao, Aեn?e ?an?ian ??iaOaoAUaoYY ao in?U?բ?YaoAUaoYA I?naO?Y?Y ?aoU?Y a??ai uգi?I?n AEE?E: Oեn unեnA N?Uni?I եY, c?n??n?nYեnA iեO?N?YaoAU?Y uaOC i?I Uե? ?aone aCiC N?YեY ? iեnc aCiC i?Y Uեn IU?YuCY: O?nգnCi, գUaoOեY ?aone aեE?I (eiե??YY ao I?naY` ?Y?YC?UC an?CYYեnY ?CY) ?aoY ?E գY? Uեn ??i?IYեnao Nեi: Oեn c?n?եnA iեnc IaoYեY?Y ? ?aou anaեe ??n?YuYեn, aonC? ??n?YuYեnao Nեi, aCiC I??Uեu N?U AaOain?C EE?IYեnA: oaun եOբ?Une` e?N?IA, եI?I ?n CYO I?YaեEao ECei I?n?an գanIai: iեo եOբ?UnYեnեe UY?oեn ?CYu եnIaoue: 16 i?nեI?Y N?e?ICe` եe ?C i?Y OեI?i?nA: iեn???nO? iaoY: Գ?n???Eao (e? ?ao?) uaon? գUaoO?oC OեUCEC OCaUa uaon?A Y?U?I UA բեn?I ?n E?nբեn?C բ?YiեY, an գ?OiYC N?YOYեo CYOC: ??nեI?U uaon?A N?Y?aoգY u?UE UAY ?n ?nեn: OaoN?Uե? aեUC գanI?I?i?n ?EC ?O?UC UCcaoai, ԳUaoUao? U?iեYC aoeaooCa E?U??U?Y եOբ?Une I?ai?I ?n, բ?Yi?nIi?I UեI եOբan` ԳnCգanC Nեi: ?U? Y?U?IA OnIi?I ?n գUaoO: aoeaooCa եOբ?Une ana? A?U?Y?I O?NUեi aեUC Nai?Y?ianaoAU?Y i?I UY?Eե Nեia, ?Aբ?Ei unUY ?E CYI?I ?n բ?Yi` ?Yiեn???nO: ?e?YOY?Y?Eai I?n??oC Y?U?IA, an CYOC ?n aoOOi?I. «eCnեEC ??naoAUaoYe, ??i N?i?Y?I?Y ?, an ?Ue unեne Uեn գUaoOA «iեO?N?Y» AYեY: iեO?N?YaoAUaoY Aei?IA I?nIao?IեY ??i ?iեEC ?N?ian բ?Y ?: ?Aե ?Y?YA ? OIniCaA ?եe գUaoOY եY, ?Ya?UU?Y Y?U?IA i?n ?YaYo: ?Aե aI?Y, aonC?Yեnao Nեi iեeYiե ? ?YaYo I?n?? Y?U?Ie: Oե? iեeYեU, ?UեY գYai c?Y?oեu ?aone aN?eI?oiեn, an բ?Yi?nIU?EYեnA եEեE գUaoOեY: a?n? ?, an ?YaYu aCiC ?CUեY ??A?Y UCcaoYեnao: ԳCiեU, Aե a?????Yo ?Ai?n ? aգanI??nեE ?YaYo Nn?U?YA: ??Uo ? ?Yեn??I?UեECanեY I?Yn ao ?Yi?YեEC եY ??Y?a?nNCY iեOC aoYեY?ECuYեnA: I??U?Iեnaեoեu ICYեnA, AaO ?CU??nեY: eCnեECYեne, ?UեY I?Un?NեOaoAUaoY ?auեnYC? ?eեu: U?EAYinեEC ? գUaoOCY Uեc IaianiCEA, u?Y Aե ??Y?a?nNCY: Oեn U?eCY ?UE?e UC Ui?Iեu, ?aou u?c եOեu ? Ae?Ie գanI??nեEao UCcaoYեn Oեeu ?eեu: I?nai?EC ? u?OonCI N?UբaoUnYեnai եOբ?Un?` ԳnCգan»: ?Ue Y?U?IեY IA N?eI?oiեn, an բ?Yi?nIU?EYեnA iեOU?I ?CY գUaoOC iեO?N?YaoAU?YA: U?U?I?բեnA ??U?ao ?nC եn?Ei?գCi?I?Y ?գ?oaoUYեnai: U?U?IA i?nC ?Y?YC?UCY ? OIniCaCY: e?I?UY ?U? aoOOaoAU?Uբ i?ni?I ??E?i?YuY ?a?n?UaoY ?Yo?i, CYaaեe, an ?a?n?UaoY ?Yo?i ICYեnao ?CU??naoAUaoYA I??U?IեnaեEao բaEan ?anOեnA: ?aoY ?nN?iCnuC A?UեnA IA UaiեY?UCY: ?UբaOc գUaoOA IA aOբ?n Cn i?n?գCn eCnեECYեnao IanaoeiA, Naoe?EuaoAU?Y U?iYեEai i?Oi?Y Ue?UE NaoUICa unեnao U?eCY: ??oC Uեn եnեuեY, aa au iեOU?I ?n EaE գUaoOC Iaian?IեY ? aa ?E IaiuC iC??Ii?I ??nNaonեEC բ?EiC U?eCY: EaoeY?I գC?եn ?, Eaoe IA i?aAnICU ?YIaOYCe Uեc, uaoYA Cea?e Nեe?oեn ? ?auեnեe, a?i?YեI?Y ??EaoAaoAUaoYe au?oեn ? Uեcեe: IեnaoYC Uane, N?neCe, Uեn ?UբaOc AYi?YCuC YեoaoIA Cբn? Aե եe եU, Cn?nao եi? Iaoգ?Y ao I?YoYCY Uiuեe CYaեn ao CYaեn: ?՞Ya եO?Y եOբ?UnYեne, Uեn գUaoO?oCYեnA, an e?nC, an OanC Uեc aCiC IaianեY, CeI Uե?...գC??iCa գ???YYեnA aCiC գ?Y Na?aiեEao...aCiC գ?Y u?nao u?Y? AYեEao Uեn YiCn?I?Y բaoUYեnA, Uեn a?aեY?I?Y uc?EA:

i?e?a?YuC ao i?Yc?YuC գC?եnA iեnc aaoYC: ?e?iaiaoY գ?oC UECA?n?i?Une` ?Y?YC?UեYo iaoYA: ?Y?YC?Y ? OIniCaA, եnIao եOբ?UnYեnA iaoYA a?CY: ?Y?YC?UC ICYA` uեeaoe ?OcCIA, CYOUե aa?Nեo, ?YaYu ??Eեn ?CY:??Uo ao՞n, a՞n IaOUA, a՞n OanեnA: a՞niեO ?YinեE ? UC?Y?E ?YaYo: O?nգ?nCiY ?E a?n գCiեn: ?U ei?o?I N?ni?Ie aoAեO ?n: oYoiեo? ? ??aAiեo?: ?YaYu ?CY UECA?naoAUaoYe, NaoUee ao ?a?iեYe: ?UբaOc ?aoAU?Uբe ?YaYo ?C I?ai?I: Iao E?UC NեIեI?Eai: O?nգ?nCiA CYOC գnI?I CYuY ?E Iao E?n ao IA c?Y?n e?a?եn: AY?i?aoUe ?UYu?Y բaoeY ?n, an aa UեI բ?Y a?n I?naO բ?i?n?nեE CYO, UC?Y?UC ?Y?YC?UCY ? OIniCaCY: O?nգ?nCiC uaiեY ?aone եI? ?i?n ao UaEan: e?I?UY UCiue i??I?Y ?YiniaoAC Uեc ?n: ?Aե N?Y?գYaoAUaoY aoYեY?U Eեe բ?nOn?Y?Eao, aCiC InY?U գiYեE ??YaYu: ??Uo եe aN?Y?գYեo? ?eYեE ?U? u?UEA: e?I?UY եnբեu aEuեoC ??EaoeiC UCiuA: ea?Y?C A?UեnA IA UaiեY?Y, ?UեY գYai aCiC ??EaoeiC ?CUեU, բ?Uo ?YNn?Aե?i ? գiYեE գaYե UեI I?U եnIao AYIեn: ?CUեoC aaOae U?c?nU?YCY, an գեnU?Y UCeCaY?nYեnaoY uai aoe?I aoeaooCa ?n ? ??i eCni?I ?n ?U? N?ei?iaoAU?Y AY?N?Yaon OեI?i?nC` On-?UU?YC IaOUե: ?UեY?N?nU?n AYIեne ?YCI? InY?n AEE?n, Aեn?e N?caO ?CYu եnA?E E?nբեn? ? ?a?ei?YCE գեnU?Y UCeaY?n?I?Y N?ei?iaoAU?Y Uեc: ?U? ??i ?iեEC ?a?Nai aCiC AEE?n, u?Y Eեe բ?nOn?Y?EA: U?c?nU?YA UեnAեo: OեnAեoCY CU ?e?c?nIe Y?? ?iեiCe aEaU?YA ?O?YaU?YA) ? e?nգCe E?UaU?YA: oanOեoC ?CUեE Ueni?nU?Y ??naoAUaoYCY ? e?nգCe AanaU?YCY ??Ue iեncCYA` Aana AanaeCY iO?Y): ?YaYu eni?բaoE AY?aoYեoCY ?e?c?nIe: ?e N?UiYեoC, an uեeaYo AaYnC I?ICY Uեc I? aane ?in??Y?I: ?Ue ?in??Y?IA iեnoaoo?I ?C Uեn iaoYA N?i?u?I ?եYuեnեY: Oեn In?գCnA N?caOaoAU?Y ??U?ao Uեc ?n: Oեn ??EaoeiC A?U??n?i?UnA uեeaYoe iaoYY ?n` գUaoOC iեnCY I?UnA, ECi I?eեnai I?IIi?I OanCY ե?եnuY ?n: ?U?iեOեY ?iեEC Nե?iaoAU?Uբ I?nեEC ?n Oan CcYեE: aanեu??բAC EaoUe գC?եnA e? գC?եnUY ?n, iեncCY գC?եnA A?YI?գCY N?n???iYեnaoe ? eni?N?ianYեnaoe Nեi iեO?N?YaoAU?Y i?գY?a?EC ? ?N?ian Eaon IA iCnե ?UբaOc գUaoOCY: OեE?U?OOai եnգA, E?oY ao IaIA i?i?EC u?aeC UAY եY iեn?Iեn գUaoOA: IեeգC?եn aեO?I` N?YI?nI Eeiեo?i ?OUaoIA i?Un?գ ?UբaECY: ?Ua, ?YaYu եY, գC??iCa գ???YYեnao ?UբaEY ?, an IA EaoAե գUaoOA: ?UեY IaOUե IA EeiCY ?OեE?n? ?O?O?IYեn, եnICYu aoOOi?I գAaoAU?Y I?Yaեn: ?N? EեYI AեUaonYեnao, aCYգC? E?Yեnao A?e?Yգan?Yեnao ?UբaEA Eեoiեo?i գUaoOA ? N?U?EUբiեo?i ?anaoCY Uեc: ?nc?Y?UCY I?e?i?nCa ?UCiiCUan) aeiCI?Y?I?Y iեeaoaA ??aECe Uao?iCYC) ? iեO?N?YaoAU?Y Nn?U?Y?i?nA ?e?գUaoA գaoU?Yi?YC) EaEoC ?aoU ?O?Y, ?N? ?Ue եnեu Nnե?YեnA aCiC I??U?IեnaեCY IaiuC c?n?A: ?Ue YaoUY եnեuY ?CY EaEեY ? EaiuեY Nեia ??iեUC c?n??nYեnA: ??can? unA Nn?U?UեoCY, an a?eIեECu ? aoA uni?Y aoiեECu iեnoYեYu, u?YC an aoAA unեY aCiC N?eYեCYu Uե?C N?iI?oi?I IեYinaY?i?UnA, aon Uե?C aCiC iniեUCY N?nI եO?I բaEan aCiaoUuYեnA: ?Ua՛, Nեeao a?n ?U? IեYinaY?i?UnA, A?Y??nU? eunaoY N?UiY?I ?n ?U? U?eCY եnեu un ?e?c: «iեO?N?YaoAU?Y» ?եU ?nC ? AUբaei ICYեnao բaEan UCcaoYեnY C?aon ?Yo?Y: iեO?N?YaoAUaoYA aCiC I?i?niեn եnIao EUբai: ?e?cCYA ??Uբ?U aCiC CUY?n YaoUY unA, CeI եnInan?A` N?can? unA: Aaonu aեUեnao ? iO?Yեnao 9-14 i?nեI?Y iO?Yեn an?եգnեEao ?e?c?nIA i?գY?a?EC ?n: a՞n U?UnA I?naO ?n N?U?O?UYCE ?U? UiuC Nեi: OC՞Aե U?UnA I?naO ? N?U?IեnaiCE, an CnUե aaIեY ao ?Yiեn???nO Nեe?oYեY Cn O?գaoIY ao eni?N?ianA: OC՞Aե Aaonu aեUեnY ao ?O?YեnA I?naO եY բ?nեn?nYեn AEE?Eao: ?Aե ?YaYu U?n?I?UCY գaoA aoYCY, CYaa՞o եY եIեn Uեn N?UnեYC uc?EA u?Y?եEao: I?UI?IC ?n?գaoAU?Uբ Eaon i?n?Iiեo?i, Aե ?Y?YC?UC ICYA` O?nգnCiA Cn եnIao eCn?eaoY ??i?IYեnA` eiե??YY ao I?n?aեiA ii?I ? oaonuoC ?O?UCY: ?Yan unCY?ICY եY Nեi?եn եOբan ICYA ? u?YC UA ?n?oCYեn: IaiեoC U?UnեnA CYaaCeC ??UnaoUAai AY?aoYեoCY ?Ue EaonA: ??Uo ? ?UYaեe unCY?IY ?n?եY i?n?ICa ?n ??nOեn: oaonuoC ?O?Y` O?nգ?nCiC, eiե??YC, I?n?aեiC, IUaonեO En?U?YC, ?aiN?YYեe aa?aoiU?YC, A???ae ? ԳnCգan A?ACEU?Y an?եգni?IYեnao EaoUբCY Nեi գUaoOA ?nc?Y AYեEai` 72 NaգC ?nIaoAU?Y a?i??e N?Y?Ce?o?Y:

?Ue ?Ya???N?e iO?Yեnao an?եգnaoUեY ??i OեeY?nIiեo?i Y?? ICYեnA «?O?ECY» i?YեEao գanICY: ??U IYac N?U?n «?O?ECY» AEE?E Aaonu aեIC, ?O?UC uai` IA Y??Y?Iեn ??eY?E ?YaYo NaU?YaoNCY, N?գaon? i?E ?YaYo ?Y?I?Y ICnuեnaoY: ??U IYac a?ii?EY?naoAU?Y aգCY N?eեE ?n UaEեգYaoAU?Y ?eiC??YCY ? ?N? ?U? unA IaiեoC u?YC UA ICYեn CnեYo ?YN?Oan? I?Uuai ? բUaonեOU? NaգCai N?YOY I?eYեY U?NA: ?CYգ եnCi?e?n? N?neYեn` eaOCI i?n??aեiU?Y, ?YY? ??OaoaU?Y, ?Oe?բեn ?ao??YU?Y, i?n??Yao? U?ni?nU?Y, E?AaoY OEECU?Y` CnեYo եnեE?YեnA IeY?IYCY I?a?I` CnեYu ?CnեYu EC?A YեiեoCY ao EեO??U?N եO?Y: iեO?N?YaoAU?Y գanIaOaoAUaoYA eIe?i: A?Y??nUYեnA i?YCuYեnեY ?aOao A??եoCY ?YIaOCYYեnA: ?n?o?YC IaAai IA N?ni?IեY IեnaoYC U?n?CIA, anaYu IA AY?CU?Y?UCY: U?ni?nU?YA ? AanaU?YA` a?Ea ?OaUեYo ?Ui?YA`a?i?գ?Uբ, CYO IA ea?eեY: OCYa? 16 i?nեI?Ye UC?UY եnIao ?Yգ?U ?C բ?o?I?Uեn գUaoOեY ? ?U? ?E u?YC UA unai UC?UY: iaoYեY բ?o?I?UCEY CYO N?U?n ?Yi?YեEC ?n: Oեn գUaoOY ao iaoYA CU ??E?nNe ?CY: e?I?UY ?Ue ?Yգ?U CYaaեe I?naO?oեn ?C N??iiCE aa Aե u?YC UA unai գUaoOեe, iaoYեe բ?o?I?UեEao UiuCY Nեi, ?UE i?e?aեe ana?եn ?C EuեE N?UnեYC uc?Ee, aniեO IY?I ao բ??U?o?I ?n Uեn գեn??ei?YA, aniեO եe CU 16 i?nCe ?C բaEanեE: Aaonu բeY?I?EaoAUaoYA Cn Nnե??UCY In?գnai i?IYaoin? ?n Anեn ?UեY CYa, բaEan enբaoAUaoYYեnA, enբaoAUaoYYեnao enբaoAUaoYA` a??iեEC IեnaoYC U?Une, anaoY I?AY ?C II?I: ?Ua, iեncY?I?Y?aեe ana?եn ?C EuեE ?U? բaEanA: Oaiեo? Uane Nn?Aե?i i?Eao: ?Ya Nao?Ca ao eni??UECI a?Nեn ?anեo?Yu U?Un ao an?C: ?U? e? uni?Y NC??i?IA ?UYu?Y Ean ? u?Y??Ii?I CU Uեc, an aCiC UY?U ?YcYcեEC: Գ???YYեnA iaoYեnեY ?aone IA ?aniեY U?UnեnA CnեYo O?գaoIYեnai` i?YեEao Na?aiեEao N?U?n: ?N? ?U? NaգեI?Y ?Eao?aoUYեnaoY Uեc ?N?ian ? iեe?n?YA: ?nբ U?Une N?Ua?iեo?i, an ana?aoUe i?e?I?Y ? ?UեY?uYuao? ?գ?oaoUYեnao ?UբaOc aoAai ??A?Aiեo?i CYOC ? ?OC ?noaoYuYեnai ao ?YN?գ N?UբaoUnYեnai I?IIեo եnեeYեne: EեO? U?Une a?O?i?գCY CYaaCeC ?anOեn An?i, anaեe?C aEuեU ?CYuA, N?nee, ?aun եOբ?Une ? եOբan an?CYեne: ԳEaoEe eեEU?I IaonIuCY` CYaեn aAn?i: O?n?I?UCY ?anaoUYեnao ?UեY?Ean Nao?UaoYuai, 16 i?nC ?e?c CYOC IU?Yu iiaO U?Une Cn U?nUCYեY aaIi?I U?eA Iao?եn iեnei?Y?E ? OaoEեE ao ?a?եE Cn u?Ui?I U?nUYCY Nեi: E?oC ao NեIեI?YuC ?U? ??eY a?NaoY` Nan?uaoUne Uե? բ?AYեo Cn?nUե: iեO?N?Yi?IYեnao ?e?cCY EaoUբC բեeYեnA բեeoi?I ICYեnao, եnեE?Yեnao ? ?Ya???N?eYեnao ??nuA, A?Y??nUYեnao, aeiCI?YYեnao ? uaon?եnao Uin?IYեnao N?ii?IYեnaoY i?I EեE?oYaO ?OUaoIai` eIe?I ?n ??nAiCE: ?OեE?eY ?noaoYuYեnai ??iiեo? UanUեe, Nan?unacUեe ? գ?oC ?UY A?OA, an N?can? unA aCiC iեO?N?Yiեn: a?Ea ?OaUեYo ?Ui?YA Yei?I NեIեI?Yuai ?CiեoC? ?Ue IeII?EC a?iIեnA: Oեn iaoYեY i?n IA A??եUCY ?YIaOCYYեnA:?N? U?Une, N?nee եnեE?YեnaoY` ?n?UCY A?եnեY բeY?I ?aone IA N?YեCY iaoYեY: ?եe IA NYaեY ?I?YcCe` Uane, N?neCe Nn?Aե?iC ?UY eni??UECI EaeuեnA, aoOOi?I ?UY eaonբ N?nICY, aniեO IYեn ao ??եoaooեn ?CY Uեn AYi?YCuA: o?YC u?YC ?Yգ?UYեn ?եUuեnYCY ??nOaoo?I, ?noaoYuai ?auեnYCY N?e?I enբ???Y uc?ECY, Nn?Aե?iC iեncCY EaeuեnA AeCY uc?ECY: ԳUaoOեY Yեne ao ?aone ?Y????n IA AY??n EեE?oYan ?OUaoIA: ?UaoOC ?e?cCY EaoUբA գY?o: eaoգA` N?U?i?n?I: EեE?IanaoUe iC??IC Uեc aեU NC?եn anu?Y UY?oC: ??YI?nI ?գ?oC, an iեnei?oեn ?C ??iեEao ao in?U?բ?YեEao I?naOaoAUaoYe: iեe?U, an ?E aI?Y U?Une ? UUaoe eni?N?ianYեne: OC?UY ?YaYo Ui?a?iIեnY I?U CU Uեc: A?U?Y?IY CYaaեe ?Yo?i` aեU գCiեn: ?n?եY UaoAA IaEեn ?n: ԳUaoOC YեO ?aOaoYեnaoY Uեc IA iEi?UCY ??n??nYեnA: U?nieiU?YA ? 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Eaeեo?i ?YaYo Nեi ? uCa Nեia iեn???nO?i O?Yao? բ?cCC Nեi: O?Yao? բ?cCY a?iUեo IaiuC Iaian?IC բaEan U?Yn?U?eYaoAUaoYYեnA: ?e?cCY EaoUբC UY?o?I ?Un U?n?ao Iaianեn ?CY ?UCYC I?aEA, ICYեnY ao եnեE?YեnA? ?aoi?n Iaai?I IaoCY Uեc, E?C ??CY: ?eI եnInan? EaoUբA` IaiuC ACIaoYuA բ?nOn?oaO Eեe?Y IaOեnA: ?e?cCY EaoUբCY Iaian?IեY ԳaN?n i?n??aեiU?YA` 15 i?nեI?Y ? եOբane iO?Y? ?n?UA 9 i?nեI?Y, iCn?ian ???ii?I ? EaO?Eai N?e?I ?CY գUaoO: Iaian?IC iC?iեnai N?U?Ii?I? եnInan? ?Yգ?U EuեoCYu ?U?U?o?I գUaoOA ? բ?nOn?o?Yu Eեe: ??can? unA I?UeեnCIC i?YuC Uai?I? OanեY Cc?Yu o?I eaonբ onICaai ?a??UեI? a?niե?A AaoA aoiեEao: ?U? a?niե?A E???CY IaoCY UեcY ?n: ԳC?եnA UեYu IA EeեCYu ?Yoan?YեnA, anaYo Uեc I?UCY գUaoOC բեIեnYեnեY iCգn? ? ICn?Iae ???aoaU?YYեnA: ?U? գC?եnY ?UYiեO EaoeoaooCYu: ?n?A բ?i?I?Y բ?nOn?oեn ?n: UեO OanC UեcեY եnIao NaգC ICcYեCY: ?YaYu բ?i?I?Y Uaiեo?I ?CY, e?I?UY բaEanaiCY ?Y??Y?aեEC ?CY CnեYo ?UE?Y??I Iեna?n?Yuai: OեYu u??i?I ?CYu ECi I?eեnao i?I ? 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InY?n CUY?E 60 NaգCYao ?UբaEC o?YoCY Uեc: IaiYCeiC NaiiեY I?YaեoCYu ?Y?YC?Y: o?YC UA naaե iեnc` ?Y?YC?Y oեEեnao Uեc A?A?Ei?I, UC?o?i Uե?C: ?nUaoY?EC ?եauեnA գ?N?iCAanեY IA N?can?եCY Cn?nao: EեeYեnY ?a?ei?YCE գnեAե ?YNY?nCY ?n ?UE?e: iեoեnao AaOaiai ana?եoCYu ?a?ei?YCE IO?CY ? I?a N?ei?iեE N?Ui?nեYo uaon?եnao Nեi: ?U? In?գnC N?caOaoAUaoYA I?ai?I ?n Y?E? Y?i?I UA Oեeu OգեEեY: UaoUY գC?եni?Y Uեn ?anOA O?EaOեo?i: ?eI N?can? գC?եnA Oեeu OգեoCYu E?nEaoE Y?i?I UA, anaoY Uեc Ui?i UC?UY UեI NaգC? OIniCaA, Cn in? InեEai ?եYuեnA: OեYu UեnI?o?I Y?i?IC եnIao IaOUեnեY EaO?Eai ? Y?i?IA u?եEai N?e?Yu IO?CY գC?եni?Y UaoACY: Oեn eYaoY?A U?iO?? EYOan ?n ? I?Y?a eaE` ?an ?aE??nեn ?CYu ana? u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ: ??can? 12 գC?եnYեnA 6 ??Eei?I?YYեne NY?n?ianaoAUaoY aoYեo?Yu Y?i?Iai o?U?uեY IO?C ?aE??nեEao 5 NaգC ?e: OեYu ??nO?Yu 11 NaգC: ?N? Uեn oaoo?IA.

1. ?Y?YC? eiե??YU?Y 2. OIniCa eiե??YU?Y 3. ?aiN?YYեe U???nU?Y 4. a?Ea ?Oa 5. I?n?aեi O?niCIU?Y 6. ??Nբ?? i?n??aեiU?Y 7. ?aEEaU?Y 8. aaOae 9. aեinae 10. ??naoAUaoY U?nieiU?Y 11. ??naoAUaoY O?niCIU?Y aane un Nեia E?C in?Uai ??naoY?IեoCYu Uեn եnեu A?Ui?Y ??Y?a?nNA ?եaC ??Ui?nեYo գaUեnA: ??Ui?nեYu I?U ??Ui?nuOEaYu AYi?YCuYեnե բ?OI?o?I uaon?եn ?CY, aa ???? ? aa ?E e?y??C oեOեnեY: ?YaYu Uեn AYi?YCuC i?OեUC բ?nեI?UYեnY ?CY: 1896 A. ??UC?U?Y c?n?եnaoY? Uեn գեn??ei?YեY 7 AYi?YCu ?U? uaon?եnaoY Uai ?CY ?a?ei?Yեn: OեI եOբ?Une? E?U??U?Y, ?U?iեO ?n IYեn ? IYu?N?UnA CnեYu ?CY եO?I: Oեn բ?nեI?UaoAUaoYA ?UYu?Y eCn?ECn ? eեni ?n, an Uեn ? CnեYo iaYC unեnA ?U? գեn??ei?YC OեI?i?nYեnaoY Nեi I?YoYեCYu: ?U? uaon? գեn??ei?YA CYOC N?U?n ?UYu?Y N?n???i IA Aiեn, an եe CYuA ?CYue ui?n a?C ?գ?n ?YaYo Uեc: iեoեnao AaOaiA գi?i, an ?YaYu aեY ??i???Yեn CYOC, U?Y?i?Y?, an ?եe a?i?YC ?C: aoeiC ana?iեo?i, an ??Ui?nեYo UCcaoai Eaonեn u?OեYu ? UC?A?U?Y?I ei?Y?Yu N?nI եO?I aoiեECuA: AYIեnYեne CYO ?? N?YեoCY:

A?UeեnA U?գEoեEai` բ?nOn?o?U I?OYCYեnao ?Yi?eA: Iեe գC?եnY ?Yo ?n: Oaiեo? uCni? ?aoeեUCYCY i?YCuCY: ?YIaOYCY Uեc ICYA` ?ECy a??CY, UCY?I ?n: ?aoeեUYCY ICYA ?UE?UEiեo?i, բ?Uo ? գnI?բ?o AY?aoYեo CYO, CeI? eIեeaonA? u?Aե U?U?Y, anaեe N?n???i ??iICY CYO InIuCY eեOU?I? ?noaoYuYեnai IA oaOեn եnեeYեne, NC?եoYեEai U?Une: «O?i?O uե?C, uOaoE (??i?Ie), ?Ue InIuCe i?I, IaoCe Uեc IA a?NեU uե?: o?eu uե? ?eii?I»: a՞n aOբեnգaoAUaoYA I?naO ? N?i?e?niCE ?Ue եOեeYCY: ?e ?եe u?Aե Uan գnI?IA Uեc eni??UECI naaեYեn I?anեC ? N?YI?nI CYa iեeYեU: ??aCIai ? i?niCuai? եOբane iO?Y, O?YaoIA ?եUe I?YգY?I: u?Aե Uan գnIեY ?aone Ae?, եnIao enai?N?ianYեne UC?OaoEiեo?Yu cեnUaoAUaoYai: ?aoeեUYC NanեOբ?UnA? Oaoei?y?Y Uե? ??iեo Cn?nUե: ?OեEaoAUaoYA a?iUեoC ??Ui?nեYo N?n???i AYi?YCuCY: ?ao?iեo?Y, InICY E?oCY ? գaNaoY?IaoAU?Uբ AY?aoYեoCY 11 IaiեoCYեnao ?nIaoAU?Y EaonA: OեI EaoncCY N?o, a?YCn, I?n?գ a?in?eiեoCY ? UC?i YaoUY in?U??naoAUaoYA oaoo??nեEai` CYO ??Uբao ?nCY: ?Oբanan?Ce? O?YaoIA, CYO AYIեn?o?i UCYa? ?Yi?eC IեeA: ?U ????Y??Yai Y?i?IA ??CY Uaiեo?i ? եe AY?aoYեo? oYIaoAU?Y ? Nao?UaoYuC ?ni?eaoYuai: Oեn iեn???nOCY IO?CC AYIեnYեnaoe Nեi I?i?niեo?i YaoUY ?n?naOaoAUaoYA: ??Ui?nuOE?Yo U?n??eCn?I?Y iեn?բեnaoUA 11 ??Eei?I?YYեnaoe ?nIaoAU?Y NaoUe Yեn?Yaեo ? Nեe?YI?nYեn բ?o?i Uեn ?ec?: ??can? գC?եn ?? եE?Yu ? AaoA, eaE, ?եn?եn N?i?uեoCYu` anaեe N?iեEi?I?I?Y a???n: ??Y?Caեo?Yu ?iեn?I գUaoOA: i?eեE ?ni?I OI?Y A?O?nYեnեY? ?O, գCYC I?n?eYեnեY? u?o?E iեnoaooCYu: ?եia ?UaoOեn N?i?uեoCYu ? IO?C ?aE??nեEai` EaoOեn ?CYեoCYu UեcA բY?IեEao N?U?n: eYY?C ? ?a?NaiaoAU?Y N?noեnC EaoIaoUA iեn?anեEao in?U??naoAUaoY eiեOIեoCY Uեn Uեc: e?I?UY Aaonu C?E?YaoAU?Y ?nUaoYai In?գCnA ana??I ?n UեI ?Yգ?U AY?UC?i iեnc ?YեE N?U AaOain?C գaUaoAU?YA: anai N?can?aO unեnA Uեn ?եU IA բ?Y?UCY ea?Y?YեEao ??n?Y: Oեn ?auեnai aCiC iեeYեCYu ?nU?Y բ?OYCuYեnao Uեc EaO?oaO Uեn ??գ?I?YYեnaoY:

iեO?N?Yi?I N?UեnA ?eN?e?n?I ?UեYaonեu IaianեEao N?U?n ?nգեECa UCcaoYեn ?CY Oեeu ?eեn c?n??n?nYեnA, anaեe?C i?n?ICa NCi?Y?aoAUaoYYեn aA i?n?IiCY ?UեY IaOU: ??E?YaoAUaoYYեnA ana??I ?CY ?eIե եiu YեnuCY գ?i?eYեnե բեni?IYեnA IaianեE IaiuC Iaoեnao Uեc: IO?CC ??Eei?I?YYեne CYa ??nNaonեEC unեnao N?Y?Caեo?Yu եnեu ?UCe ??naoY?I: in?aC?aYC, ICn?eaYC, ?n?naoUC, Oao?C, ??aCY Գ?n?NCe?nC, ??բեn?C ? N?n?ICo ?nc?YYեnao N?Uեnao Iaian?IA I?i?niեo?i E?C ??եnaoY: ?iբգaUCY IaEեnA, a?eaUCY ???CY, e? eaO?OanA, ueU?YեYo գaUեnA` ?N? ?Ue Iaoեnao ??եnaoY ?C?iեo?Y N???n?ian N?Uեnao ?C?IYեn: ?YaYu Iaianiեo?Y U?A?O?Yai, U?Yգ?Oai ao ?aun i?a?nYեnai, eaonai ao ??Y?IYեnai: OեYu ?I?Y?iեe IA AEE?UCYu ?UեY UC EA?AaoAU?Y:

ԳY??Iai UեeoYեEY ?nգեEi?I ?n: ????n?ianYեnao գEaoEYեnA A?Ueեnao ?YեEai` IA c?Ec?EեCY u?nեnai: ????n?ianYեn IA ea?YեCY U?Yգ?Oai, i?a?nai ? ??Y?IYեnai: OեYu IA iեeYեCYu, եnբ I?i?O?IYեnA IA ?anOեCY UեI ?Yգ?Uai U?A?O?Yai IinեE CnեYo ?aNեnao գEaoEA: ?e ?I?Y?iեe եO?, Aե CYaaեe Iini?I գEaoEA aeiUaoYYեnai IA ??nAiեn, CuI U?nUCYA ?e?Yo գEEC IA i??եn u?YC UA u?UE ? ICUY?n..: ?U ?auaie iեe?, Aե CYaaեe Uan ?nգ?Y?եY N?Yi?I եnեE?UCY eiCYC in? I?YoYեCY: ?I?Y?iեe եO? ?UY ??nNaon?YuCY, եnբ c?n??nYեnao aNU?IYեnA IA a???nեCY CnեYo ?aNեnA E?C Iaoեnao Uեc: ?YaaCeC EեE?oYan aOբեnai ?Ya???N?eYեnA IA ??A?AiեCY CnեYo U?UnեnaoY, CYaaեe IA UiYեCY ?YaYo ?ե?եnaoY i?I: a?eaUC ??aCC ?Yi?eA aane AYIեnYեnai ?a?ei?Y?I? EեYեa?UCY բ?nբ?naeaoAUaoYYեnao ?I?Y?iեe IA AEE?UCYu: ?ECuYեnA N?nUaon?ian ?C?IYեn IO?CC ??եnA IA YեiեCY բaEanaiCY UեnI, ? UեYu ?Y????n caonCY Iaoi?UCYu, anaեe?C Uե?Uե Nեe?Y?UCY: OեYu ??Ui?nեYo I?naO ?CYu եnA?E UC?UY, եnբ EC?A E?O?O ?n ? N?Y??ni: ?EեIaIaoAU?Y A?U?Y?I ?YI?nեEC ?n ?U?u?Y եnI?n ??Y?a?nN գY?E cnC in?Uai: aoeiC N???E IA եnA?UCYu ?CU?oC ??A AaoA, EYOan, i?YO ? aonC? eYY??UAեnuYեn N?i?uեEao:

oanեYA ?niեnեY IA u?OեCYu, IO?C IA ?aE??nեCYu ? N?eIեnA NUaoeեEե Nեia IA IեIեCYu: ?E u?nC in? IEan u?nai ?EUaon I?O?UCYu ao ACAեOC IianC in? N?o IA ե?եCYu: ?գCai?oanեYA IA EanaiեCYu: ??Uo N???E եnI?n A?U?Y?I ?YeYaoY? IA UY?UCYu ? U?Ni?Y ?aoeA IA N?eYեCYu: unեnY ao A?UեnA Uե?C N?U?n UC?i ?nI?I?ECo ?CY: ԳC?եn UA aoIIY?I?OanC AAեYCYեnao i?I եn?o?Y 3 ??IYեn ? eIe?Y AaoA aoiեE: O?iO?? ?OcCIYեn ?CY ?YaYu, Uեn գUaoO?oC: ?C?IYեnao UեcեY ?aone գ?Eai` եIեn, ?a?ei?Yեn ?CY ?U? OanA, ECi U?o?eYեnai NUaoei?IuCY Uեc: ?YaYu CnեYo IaonIuA ? ?UaAA I?II?I ?CY ??UեYCC E?UY iեn?Yեnai ? ???iC ??եnai Cn?n ?CY UC?oaooեn: ?U? գC?եn եnեu ?OcY?IYեn ?aE??n?I ?CYu գ?n?a?Eao (e? oao?) ?n?oC uaon? գUaoOA? O?UեEC OaoUե Iaai?I բ?nեn?n uaon?CY iaoYA: ?UAU եnեuY ?E IեY??YC եY` Aaoni?Yi? U?nieiU?Y, EaoeCI ?ao??YU?Y ? ?YY? ??Nբ??U?Y: aoAA un EC?A I?i?O?I ?n: ?n?UiU?Y u?UCY ?nգեEu IA N?Y?Ce?Y?n ??Ui?nեYo եnA?Eao: ana?եoCYu եnA?E գaUեn Iaai?I u?YC UA iYեnai uaon? գUaoOA? ??OaoaC I?YaACY Uai: Oեn ?UoեEaoAUaoYA ?n?UaoY?iեi եO?i: OեYu iեn???nO?Yu ?EUaonC, O?i?nC, UaoOC, a?YnC ? N?oC ?e?i a???nYեnai: ??nեn?n uaon?A eCn?ECn ? I?nեICo եO?i: EaoeY?I գC?եn ?n: U?i?IA IA AYA?Y?n ե?եnuեY: ?nբ N?e?Yu ?aoi?n Iaai?I i?UnA, aniեO Iaianեn ?CY IaiuC ?e?cCY EaoUբA ? C UCc?UEao? CU AYi?YCuA: I?Yգ ?eCYu ?U? ?YA?O ?CnCUYեnaoY ?ec? ? գC?եn?UCY Ean EeaoAU?Y Uեc, Uեn ?OaAuC ?n?naOaoAUaoYA I?i?nեoCYu: U?i?IA բ?A?Yiեo?i o?U?uեY ? UեYu եnգեoCYu eni?YOiU?YoC բ?Y?eiեOIaoAUaoYai I??Ui?I եnգA, ?aEեEai ?Yan եnIao բ?eեnA.

EaoeCY, EaoeCY ?aau? ?YuaoY a?Nե N?Uao aeIanYեn ?i Iai?IC ?i?nA oaOai oaOե ?YA?O ?CnCUYեn: ?nIUaoO?IaoAU?Uբ Uեn N?nգ?YuA U?iaoo?YեEai` Nեe?o?Yu Uեn N?n???iYեnao ?YA?O ?CnCUYեnեY ? iեn???nO?Yu IO?CY: ?aգY?I ao Naoe?բեI` N??Ci uCa UA uY?o?I ?CYu, a?Ea ?OaY Uե? ?nAYoaoo ? N?UiYեo eaoEA?Y iեn-O?nIaeU?YCY EaO?Eai IO?C? Uեn uai, գ?Eao ?գ?U?oaoYo EaonA: Iaiu գiYiaO A?Y??nUYեnA? eaoEA?YA EEեn ?CY Cn ???i?n?n uaon?C OեeuեY ? բեnեn ?CY CnեYo Uai? ?Y?I?Y Ya?i?IC N?U?n: unCan? eaoEA?YA IU?YuC գYai AY??CU?oեn ?n, a??ia?YեEai Cn a?iCiA: ?i C iեnca N?caOեn ?n ??EaCE ?Ci?OYեnao OեeuեY ao a?n iեn???nOեn Cn Y?EICY iեOA, u?YC an ?YaYu aCiC aAInY?UCY a??ia?YեE ?CYuA: I?i?ni?IA Nn??u UAY ?n eaoEA?YC N?U?n: ?YCI? N?n???iYեn ?n գiեn: eaoEA?YA a?iUեo, Aե I?eI?IYեn I?Y Uեn IO?C գiYiեEao U?eCY, u?YC an uaon?եnե ? A?Y??nUYեnե բ?OI?o?I ?UբaEC ?YiniaouA EեeYեnao ? Oanեnao Uեc C?aon ?n ?Yoեn, ?a? aonեUY ?YaYu IA եYA??nեCY, Aե UեYu IO?C եYu ?a?ei?Yեn: eaoEA?YC գ?Eai? Uեn ACiA N?e?i i?eYեnIaouC? eaoEA?YCY Uեn Uai գ?EեY iեnc` UեYu YanեY ?UoեEեoCYu ??Ui?nեYo: eaian?բ?n եe IA բ?nOn?Y?UC i?YCu? ?aoeեUCYC ? ?ECyC U?N?C Uai: ?U? unA ?YaYo U?N?CY Uեc եe ?nAY?oaooC ?aoeեCYC ?au?YaA, an Uեn N?n??Y գUaoOեY eaonեIեY ?n: ?nIaoue N?YI?nI?ICC եI?Yu: ?e ?Yan N?UiYեoC, Aե UեY?I եU: ??Uo ?U? Iեn IYac UC?UiaoAUaoYY aoYեo?i I?Yn Nեi??Yu: ??i a?Yo?I Uեn IO?C գiYiեEao եYA??naoAUaoYA Cn?I?YaoAUaoY ?n ??nOեn Aaonu C?E?YaoAU?Y N?U?n: ?բn IO?C գiYiaOYեne ?UE?e aa Aե 12 NaգC ?CYu, ?UE 160 yեi?UCYեn? aYuao?եY ? ??Y???Y ?nc?YYեnեY N?i?ui?I: ?Ue a?????YoaoAUaoYYեnaoY a?i??eai Aaonu C?E?YaoAUaoYA Oեeu I?eYեn i?e?I?Y UCcaoYեn, iեnc i?Eao N?U?n Uեn գaUaoAUaoYA: ??can? ?UoեEaoAUaoYe? ??Ui?nեYo գi? eaoգC Uեc: E?nբեn?C Iaoe?I?EaoAUaoYA Nn?U?Uեn ?n ?UnեE ?aoeեUCYC I?EA, գn?iեE ?Yan ?Y?eaoYYեnA ? Oեnբ?I?EեE ao բ?Yi YեiեE ?CYuA: E?nբեn?C բեIեnեY ?eAU ? OaoNեiCY aեIեnao UCcYan?aoAU?Uբ ?nIiեn ?n UC?UY ?aoeեCYA: ?eI I?EեnA ?Unեn ?CY ? ?Y?eaoYYեnA գn?iեn: ?aoeեCYCY ?au?YaCY UCcaoai i?n?Iiեn ?n EaonA, Aե IO?CY ?a?ei?YaO yեi?UCYYեnA IA Nai?Y?ianեY ao IA Iեn?InեY ??Ui?nեYu? ?aoeեUCYC գEE?ianaoAU?Uբ: IO?CY ?a?ei?YaOYեnao unեnA N?Uni?I ?CY: ?եauեnA գ?N?iCAanեY Cn?n aCiC N?can?եCY: ??I?e?I ?aoeեCYCY ea?eY?oaO ii?YգCY, ?YCI? I?e?c?nIեn, an IO?CեY ?aE??niCYu CnեYo ?Yi?eC u?n?UnA: ??Uo Uեn AYIեnYեnao UեI U?eA ?U? u?UEY ?eYեEao N?caOaoAUaoY aaoYեn: ??Ui?nեYo Nեi Uեn N?n?բեnaoAUaoYYեnA ????nեoaooCYu: o?U?uA 60 uaon?եn ?OA? ?CY I?aեn, anaեe?C aoiեECu aN?eYC Uե?C: Oեn Uai aoYեCYu UC?UY UեI uCa oanեY, eCeեe ? եգCai?oanեY: ?UեY UեIe Cn բ?ACYA Eեoaoo?I ?n ?aunCI iaan?IC Uեc ? I?E?I Cn IaOuCY: Oեn N?գaoeiYեnao U???I, a?ie?I iեOեnA ???iC ?ao?եnai UC?oaooեn ?CYu: OC?UY UեI UCiu IA InIեn Uե?: Oai ? ??aoYA, Uai ? Uեn i?E??YA: Iaiu UY?oaO 11 A?Y??nUYեnao Iեn?IaonA a?in?eiaO O?Yao? a??CCY Nեi N?Oan??IoaoAU?Y Ui?Yu: OC?i ?CY ??Ui?nեYo ?aoeեCYCY ii?I EaonեnA, Aե Uai unեn Uեn in? aCiC բ?Y?I գ?n: IO?C ?a?ei?YaO 12 NaգCC ACiA ?CiaoUY?ian Iեnaai բ?nOn?oaooեn ?CY 160-C, anaեe?C Ea?an Aiai ?anu բեnեCY Uեn in?: aao??o?i ?U? unA: 1800 ?CYianYեn CnեYo e?nu?ianaoUYեnai ? ?YN?U?n uaon?եn ? Aaonuեn a???nեoCY EC?A: ??iA?e?noC O?NUե? ?O? Nnե?A? E?nբեn?C i?ECY (Iaoe?I?E) Eaei?oեn ?n Uե? aOc բeYեE ao N?YOYեE CnեY: IO?ao NCi?Y??YaoC N?Y?Ca?I?I ??A? O?NUե? ?O? iեneCUC aեIA ? ????n?aեiA ao?եoCY Uե?C Nեi բ?Y?IoaoAU?Y UiYեE: ?բn? Aե Aaonu C?E?YaoAUaoYA Uե? eaonC?YC (?eanC) AEE?Eao ?YanNu ? Anեn: aoeiC aեiu ? ?aone գ?Yu ao եnA?Yu E?nբեn?: Oեn a?i?eE?YA UեnAaO?I?Y եO?i: ?YaYu ?CUեoCY aonC? UCcaoC UA, Uեn Uai եnIao NaգC OnIեoCY: ?eI o?U?uեY EaeCE iiեoCY O?Yao? բ?cCCY N?UեnեY: EեO? O?Yao? բ?cCY I?nգեEai, an UC գaooե Cn EaeuեnA I?naO եY N?Ua?եn Uե?, ?Ueaեe IA I?Yaեn. «i?EC ????Y ?y ? Anեn Oե? N?U?n: ?aou eaonC?YC aCiC AEE?u: ?aone եEեu, ?aone, UեI a?i?eA ?I??YC?»: Oե? ?YOY?iaon AYեEao բaEan ?anOեnA O?EaOեo?Y: in? N?e?Y ??I?i?գn?I?Y naaեYեnA: ????n?ian ?CYianYեnY ao ?UբaEA eIe?Y In?I iեO?oYեn Uեn in?: OեI IaOUեY Y?i?IYեnai, UUaoe IaOUեY գեn?YYեnao in? ?eYեnA գ?U?I E?eiեnai` eIe?Y a???nեn Uե?: 3 un i?aO ?NեO In?IaoYեnao ?CU?o UեYu ??i N??i??եa գanI?IեoCYu Uեn ??U?ao?iYեnA: A?Y?UCY aN?U?O?UYiեo?i IO?CCY o?U?uA եEYեE: Oեn ?CnuA ?a?Nai ?n, UC?UY ?Ue iaOեnA գnaOA AեA?anեY iCn?ianiեo?i IYaiեY: U?i?IA Ccեoaooեn ?CY cnC N?i?IA: ?nnan? գC?եnA Y?i?IA N?YեoCYu ao iեO??aEiեo?Yu UUaoe IO?CY, an IA գiYiC E?C ?n?եEU?Y I?Un?U?eA. 6 A?Ui?Y ??Y?a?nN: ?e?iaiU?Y ?եU N?e?Yu UեI IO?CY, Y?i?IA CcեoaooCYu cnC N?i?IA ? A?uYiեo?Yu ?a?e?AYեnao Uեc: ??can? unA Uեn ?a?ei?Y?I IO?CY գn?i?I ?CY ? Naoe?E?բaoAU?Y U?iYiեn: e?I?UY A?Y?UCY գi?I ?n Uեn NեiuA: EaOan? uaon? UA եI?I ?n եnInan? IO?CY ? CU?oեn Uեn NaY գiYiեEA: ?nեIaU?Y Uեn iեncCY AaOaiY ?n: ana?եoCYu oniեE ?UեYue CnեY I?YaA ao iei?NեEC uaon?եnao Uai ?a?ei?YեEao NaoUeai: iեncCY ?Yգ?U ?OaAեoCYu UեI IO?CC Uեc: ?Y?YC? ? OIniCa eiե??YU?Y եOբ?UnYեnA N?YեoCYu o?U?u բeYaO Aei?I un??I?Y գUaoOA եnA?Eao N?U?n: OIniCaA Cn uaiC UaeCYA Uե?C N?YOYեo CeI ?Y?YC?Y ?in??Y?IA a?Nեo գaiCCY Uեc: ??եY N??Ci N?nUaon Uեin Nեe?oեn ?CYu: In?IaoA eIe?i: Oե?C N?U?n a?n? ?n, an ?n?եY a???ni?I ?CYu: OIniCaA բ?nOn?oեn ?n բEaonY C iեn, CeI ?Y?YC?Y Cn iեnuեnaoY a?i??eai UY?oեn ?n E???CY: ?Y?YC?Y ea?Yեn ?n e?iaUC iO?Y? O?NUե? ?O? Nnե?A ? բ??U?ACi ?OA?Yեnե ?YoYեEai` եIեn, ?a?ei?Yեn ?n e?E?E ?aon?YC u?n?UnA: eaoEA?YCY Nեi Uեn 5 AYIեnYեnA o?U?u N?YեoCYu ԳaUեn Iaai?I un??I?Y գUaoOCY ?ec?, CeI UY?oU?EYեne Y?i?IA ?YNեi?oaooCYu iեncY?I?Y?aեe ? բ?nOn?o?Yu Eեe: eaoEA?YCY Nեi Uեn 5 AYIեnYեnA a?CY Ino?I UiYեE CnեYo ?a?ei?Y?n?Y գUaoOA ? ?YaYu ?E iեn???nO?I ?CY e?E?E ?aon?YC u?n?UnA ? UC?oեn ?Y?YC?UCY: ??can? unA ?YaYu IeiC բeYiեo?Y ?YբaECY Nեi ? A?Y?UCCY u?YC UA I?n?an ?aNեn a?i??eեEե iեnc? CnեYu ?E ?aNiեo?Y: ?Ue IeiCY Uեc eaoEA?YCY NեnaeaoAUaoYA ??i N?iI?Y??I?Y եO?i: U? ea?Yեo ?եneCUC բեIA ? aonC?Yեn: OIniCaA N?eեn ?n oaYa? գUaoOA: o?YC UA un Nեia A?Y??nUYեnA ea?Yեn ?CY ??UY ?e: ?aEaU?Y եOբ?UnYեnA u?YC UA un ?e?c գ?oեn ?CY ԳCi?Y գUaoOA? Oaoe? ?O?UC Uai ? ???iiեn: OեYu aane NaգC? a?Ea ?Oa, I?n?aեi O?niCIU?Y (NanեOբ?Une), U?nieiU?YA ? եe, UY?oCYu EեeYեnA: 9 uni?Y AYA?ouCY ?Aբ?Ei ?եauեnaoY Uեc ?Cn?n IaneYoaooCYu ao բ?A?Yiեo?Yu ao YanեY Cn?nao UC?o?Yu IaiuC Uեc, 11 A?Y??nUYեnao Iեn?Iaon a?in?eiaO O?Yao? բ?cCC Uai: O?Yao? բ?cCC UCcaoai UեYu IA Iեn?IniեCYu Uեn A?uYi?I iեOA: 27 un Nեia I?a N?ei?iեoCYu uaon? գUaoOA գiYiaO uեean?CCe? ?aiN?YYեe a?EaoiU?YC Nեi, anaoY UCcaoai iեO??aEiեo? oCaonu, CeI Nեia ICiYե ?nեգC Aaonu գUaoOA, ueU?Y ?O?UC Uai: ?eI 3 AYIեnYեne UեIYեo?Y E?nբեn?, ?OեգC գUaoOA ?a?ei?Y գiYեEao NaoUeai: ԳC?եnA OaoN?UUե? բեIC iaoYA a?N?IYեnao OեeuA CYI?Y ? ?Ueaեeai iեnc iniեo?i ?YaYo IU?YuCY: IaiեoC 23 ??Eei?I?YYեnեY 12-A Eեe?Y in? ea?Yiեo?Y uaoni ?UբaECY IaOUե: ?eI eaoEA?Y iեn O?nIaeU?YC EaoUբC ??I?i?գn?I?YA ??i N?U?eai YI?n?գnեoC a?iUaoAU?Ye Uեc: ICiYե ԳUaoOA եe UY?oC anaեe I?e? aane i?nC` ueU?Y ?O?UC Uai: ?U? aane i?nCYեnA ?e CYO N?U?n եO?Y i?Yc?YuC ? i?e?a?YuC i?nCYեn: ??oC i?A?YեEC ??E?i?YuեY, I?Yn ao ??A?Y ?CY CYO N?U?n Y?? UAYaEaniA, i?nuեnY ao բ?nuեnA, ? ?UեY CYaA:

?e IiեeYեC E?CY ??եnA ?C?i?I ?C?IYեn, գ?YգեnY ao aeIanYեnA, ?եe NaoeuA au?Ii?I U??եnao ?ե?եnA, oեOCe Y?E?nYեnA ?UեY IaOU ?ei?I: ?eI ?CU?oe? E?C UUaoe ??CY, եnբեUYC auY?O, CeI ?UAU ?iեn?I IYY??i?Une? Cn NCY ao Yan a?iIեnYեnai IA ?aAanIեn aOc ?aoAUaoYe: ?O?UCe unac ?UaoeCY ??yCe UaonC aեIY aoYեn եnեu iO?, եnIao ?OcCI: OեI iO?Y? ?ICy aեUA, ??aCY Գ?n?NCe?nC Nեnae AaOain?C բեIanYեnեY N?ne UA ? U?YI?U?n? unCan? UA բեn?I ?n, iեncCYe Cn ?a?գ? N?nեUA ??nOYեEao, CeI N?neA anaեe ?O?ECY I?e?UեoYեEao N?U?n: ??EiC ?YCiA N?I?e?I ?n ??nOեn ?aNեnaoY iCn?Y?E o?YI?oaO aեICY N?U?n: ?ICy aեUA Cn եnIao եOբan ? Nan Nեi NaOA IUiYեn u?e?eaoY uni?Y AYA?ouCY: ??U???n?IA Iao գ?n գեA U?e?Uբ EaoIեEao ?Ue I?nգC ?Ci?OYեnao N??CiA: ?nբ ?Ce i?nCY ?U? գUaoOA, ?U? i?Y Uեc UY?o?I ?CY U?Un UA` Cn եnIao ?OcCIYեnai ? եnIao ??aCY Գ?n?NCe?nC ?aNեnA: OեIA ? o?UECYեY, բ?nOn?N?e?I, բ?nեO? I??Ui?Iuai, e? ?auեnai գեOեoIaoNC UAY ?n, CeI եnInan?A? iCգn?YaoNC EaEU?YA, N??Ci 13 գ?naoYYեn բaEan?I Yan?բaOբac U?YI?U?n? UA: ?e?cCY I?YaAaoAUaoYe ?Ue ?aoUգCY Nեi ECei Nao?Ca եO?i: ?Oբ?Un?I?Y ?YIեOI eCnai I?aiեo? ?YaYo Nեi: ?i?O եnI?n ai?եo o?UECYեC IU?YuA: O?n?-գ???YC ?Y?I?Y ICnuA ?nI?I?EC ie?Uai UA au?oaoo ??UY: ?CYգ i?nC Nեia, եnբ ?UE?e E?O?OaoAUaoYA N?ei?iiեn ?n, iCգn?YaoNCY ??nO?i CU IU?YuC AYIեnA: oCa ?Yo UեYu Nեe?o?Yu IaiuեY ? ?N? 36 i?nC ? UC?eCY I?anCYu:

?i ?Ueaեe UեYu EuեoCYu Uեn IaiuA: ??nեnao AYA?ouCY i?nեn?UCY ?OեiYեnA ? բeY?I?EaoAUaoYYեnC u?YC-u?YC ?Yգ?UYեn` N?ni?Iեn ao u?Y?եn ?CY Ia??o ??E?nNA, N?eoYեEai ??UY Uեn unեnao aOբ?EC iC??ICY: auY?O E?C ??CY I?eaooi?I I?OIU?E IaiuA ?i?Y??a?NY ?n UեI uY?nեnգao ?YanN?ECC IYY??i?UnA? Ia??o ??E?nNC NCY ??euեnaoY ? enբaoAUaoYYեnaoY: 1915 ?nUaoYai Ai?I?YCY Aaonu բeY?I?EaoAUaoYA Cn ?N?ian եOեeY?գanIaoAUaoYYեnai NCUYaiCY բY?cYcեo ? NaOU?onCi An?i ?U? iեncCY UY?oan?Y ?E: IaiuC U?eCY գni?I ?Ue iaOեnA anaեe I?UIեn AaO ?YAեOiCY E?nբեn?C aeIե U?iU?YC Uեc, aniեO a?n??Ii?I եY Uեn AaOain?C ??euC ? ?YIaoUC unեnA, aգanaoUYեnA, EaNեnY ao NaoU?եnA: «E?nբեn? ? ?Yan aeIեOեY ???iA» բaEan N?U U?iU?YYեnao Nեi` Cn Uեc ?YAեOi?I բUaon?ian I?UIեnai, AaO բao?i?eե գ?ECu eեnaoY?YեnA, anaեe?C ao? I?U I?YaoE ?YaYu iեn ??eY?Y CnեYo Ianei?I YiCn?I?Y Cn?iaoYuYեnaoY, CnեYo a?aեnao ? U?Uեnao ?nUaoYai ao aeIanai ??Oi?I NaOեnaoY: ??naoAUaoY O?niCIU?Y ??U?ei?Y iaEa?U? eO??i? E?a?i?U?U Uan-E?nբեn?C ?i?Y?UCY eaiեiC Y?E?գ?N եU ??E?iեE 1966-1976 AA.:?U? i?ni? A?U?Y?I??nc?YaoU ?i?YA բ?OI?o?I ?n 5 ?aOaoYեnCo ? 3100 բY?IaCo: ??գ?բY?IaaoAU?Y I??UA բ?OI?o?I ?n. 1. N?Uեn` 2980 NaգC 2. eaoeYեn` 7 NaգC 3. ??nբեc?YoCYեn` 5 NaգC

?i?YaoU I?UCY IianեOեYC y?բnCI?, IaEiYiեeaoAUaoY ? եnIao ?e?in?I?Y E?YaoAYեn: Uan-E?nբեn?C NaO?i?n?IuA u?nu?nai, Ean?aoբan?, aa e??NaO?UCY eեEեy aoYեn: ?i?YC բY?IaaoAU?Y ?բ?Oi?IaoAUaoYA Nեi?U?EY ?n. a??N?e i?nCuC U?n?I?YoCo 110 U?n? ? ICY ??E?iaoU ?CY IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYaoU, 120 U?n?` y?բnCI?UaoU, ?aonc 400 U?n? ? ICY ??E?iaoU ?CY ?n??Y u?O?uC i?nբեn OեeY?nIaoAUaoYYեnaoU: ?UեY i?nC eaiեi?I?Y բ?Y?I ?CY UեIYaoU 25-30 եnCi?e?n?Yեn: ?U ??E?i?YuC i?nCYեnCY ?i?YC բY?IaaoAU?Y ACiA N?eYaoU ?n 4200-C, ?n?Yu NCUY?I?YaoU O?niaoYao, U?ECc??YC, I?UaUC ? ?UE ?nc?YYեnC iեn?բY?ICaYեn ?CY: iեn?բY?IiaOYեnA N??iC ?CY ?eYaoU, an ?i?YA գiYiaoU ? ?n??Y u?O?uC եYA?I?UaoAU?Y i?I ? NY?n?ian ?n ??E?i?YuC ?YoYեE ?n??Y u?O?uaoU: ?i?YC գեYaE?YA I??Ui?I ?n ?եe?e 1962 A., anA En?oaooCa I??Uiեo 1966 A.: ??OI?o?I ?n 6 ?aOaoCo, ?aOaoYեnC ?Yi?Y?IaaaoUYեnA ? N?U?n?I?EaoUYեnA I?i?niեE ? ?n??YC u?O. eaiեiC IaOUCo 1968 A.: ?Yi?Y?IaaaoUYեnA I?i?niեE ? 1969 A.` u?O. eaiեiC ana?U?Uբ: oaOaoYեnC ?Yi?YaoUY ?n? IUaonCYC, i?n??ACEC, ?UaoaoeեYCIC, ??iեUC, OanեYCIC: 1969 A. Uan-E?nբեn?C u?e?eaoY ?UU?IC ?eACi u?OeaiեiC IaOUCo բ?o AaOYiեo ?aonc 300000 e. բ?nեI?nգU?Y գaoU?n, anai ?ei?Ei?a?iiեo ACi 1, ACi 2, ACi 3, ACi 5, ACi 6, ??iեUC, i?n?CAեEC ?aOaoYեnA ? YaoUY i?naoU ?E ?YoI?oiեoCY ?aOao?UCY ?ni?uCY Eaoe?ianaoAUaoY ? 10 ?iiaU?i u?O?u?UCY Nեe?Eae?I?U?YYեn:

?i?YC AY??nO?IaoUA I?i?niaoU ? ?i?YC N?i?I?գIC NCU?Y in?? aE?Y?a?? I?nգai: ?U ??E?i?I ?U? 10 i?nCYեnC AYA?ouaoU ?i?YC iYiեeaoAUaoYYեnC ACiA ?iեE?o?i 180-ai: ?i?YaoU I?eaooiեo ? ??N?գanIU?Y N?YOYiեoCY 3 ?n?UaoY?բեn?I?Y E?YaoAYեn, IեYo?O ea?e?nIU?Y i?O?i?n, 1 UCcY?I?nգ ?anao, U?YI?a?niե?C ?եYu, aoeaooaC iaoY, y?բnCI?UC բY?IեEC ?եYuեnA: UեnI?UaoUe ?i?YA aoYC ?aonc 900 iYiեeaoAUaoY ? 4600 բY?ICa: ????aoO U???UԳ? oO? ????U? ???O?U ԳUaoO? ?U?I?a Aa??I?aU?U Գ???Գ?U? ?ao???A ?U???U?I? ??Uia? ?ao??UU?U Գ??Գa?? O?e?U

?e IaiեoC ԳnCգan ?ao??YU?YCY I?YaA?oեE եU 1948 A.? IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYaoU ??E?iեEao A?U?Y?I: I?YaA?o? Yn? Nեi ? EeեoC Yn? a?iUaoAUaoYA: U? ?eaoU ?n, an եe Oեn ?nc?YaoU? oOC u?O?uaoU ? Oեn գUaoOaoU եOեE եU 1917 A.? ?nբ ?Y?n?YCI ????Y iեe?i, an eaoeYեnA AaOեoCY գY?oCY eaoe?ei?Y, I?nգ??nեo, an N?UեnA eaoeYեnC Nեi aգY?Y ? N?U?EUբiեY, an a??ia?YեY OեEI?Y գUaoOA, aniեO գiYiaoU ?CY UCIaE?UC e??U?I?Y ? eYY??UAեnuC a?NեeiYեnA: ?Y?n?YCIA UեI ?UCe a??ia?Yեo ?U? a?NեeiYեnA ? iեeYեEai, an N?I?e?Ian?A? AaonuեnA ? un?եnA, Ai?UCY I??Uai ??i-??i եY ? բaEanY ?E ?CYi?I ? UC?YaoUY A?U?Y?I aaoYեCY eYY??UAեnu, eai?I ?CY ao ?YAY?N?i գnaNaoU ?CY, an գn?iեY OեEI?Y գUaoOA, aniեO CYaaեe ?e?oC UCIaE?UC e??U?I?Y a?NեeiYեnY ?CY, u?YC an ?YNY?n ?n a??ia?YեEA, I?nգ??nեo Nn?եNեE a?NեeiYեnA? Oեn iOեnuC OեeuեnA in? a?n գYaoU ?U?u?Y N?neiaoAUaoYA Nn?եNեEao ? 3 un ao??onCY, anCo ?Y?n?YCI ????Y բ?nI?o?i ? Nn?U?Uեo, an Nn?եNC i?Yu? iեeYեEai ?U? Nn?եNC iեe?n?YA, In?IYեnA եnICYu ?CY N?eYaoU UaoOA, ??u?nA N?EiեEai NaeaoU ?CY? I??UեEai ?ei?IYեn: AaonuեnA ? un?եnA N?eI?Y?Eai, an ?U? N?neiaoAUaoYA ? e??U?I?Y aoYեoi?IuA CnեYo OեeuCo գYaoU ?, ?iեEC InIY?a?iIեoCY N?nO?IaoUA? OեYu eiCai?I Y?N?YcեoCYu? ?an?U?eC UC U?eA u??iեo a??ia?YեEao ?ao??Y? գUaoOA (NaoY?I?Y գUaoO ?), UUaoe U?eA` a?ni?i գUaoOA, ?U? գUaoOA Ia?iI?Yեn N?UեnCY, եnբ AaonuեnA N?UեnCY IaianեoCY, գUaoOaoU UC?UY AaonuեnY ?CY: ?U? գUaoOC AaonuեnC բեIA` Cn ??CnեAYեnai N?i?uiեE ?n ? N?nO?Iiեo Uեn in?, եnեu un IeiեEaoo Nեia Aaonu?I?Y IeiaO aoAA uգYaoAU?Y N?e?i բեICY: ?Y?n?YCI ????Y Nn?U?Y iiեo, an UC U?eCY a??ia?YiեE, CeI UUaoeYեnCY? Y?N?YcեE, ?CnuեnC Uեc եe In?IaoU ?C, UեI ?E iեeYեU, an CU IaOUեnaoU U?n? aI?? AaonuեnA in? iiCY, Aե N?YOYiեu:

?ao??YU?Y ԳnCգanA, an ?U?iեO IeiեE ?n գiYiaoU ? գUaoOCo 0,5 IU. Nեe?ianaoAU?Y in?, ? ?UY գiYiaoU ?n UaoeaoEU?Y բa??YեnC գեnե?U?YaoC Uai, aniեO A?U?Y?ICY բa??YեnA IeiaoU ?CY UCUU?Yo Nեi: (?Ue a?iUaoAUaoYA UY?o ICe?i` Aan?ICU?Y Գ?nեգCYC iեO գY?Eao I?a?IoaoAU?Uբ): 14.03.1982 A. ??ei?AaoOA ACi 37 ACi 122-130 ?ao??UU?U i????? ?ai??UU?e? Oեn iaNUA IaaiaoU ?n ?ao??YU?Y: ?ane ?YaoYA? ?ao??YU?Y ?aiN?YYեe Գ?anգC, Uեn iaNUA բ?OI?o?I ?n 7 ?YOCo? ??Une? ?aiN?YYեeA, U?Une OaoUcU?Y ??YCi, UեI U?Une? Nane U?UnA? ?Oe?Y, եOբ?Une? e?nգCe ?ao??YU?Y, i?n?եn, Գ?anգ, uaoUne? iեnգCYե: ?e IYiեE եU 1905 A., e?nգCe եOբ?Une IYiեE ? 1901 A., եOբ?Une? Գ?anգA? 1912 A. ? iեnգCYեY? 1914 A.: Oane IaOUC iaNUA IaaiaoU ?n Գ?բnCեE ?O?UC ?YaoYai? ?UY aoYեn UեI N?neiaoAUaoY? Ea??A u?O?uaoU aoYեn 2 բ?OYCu? UեIA N?UI?I?Y, UեIA Aaonu?I?Y, aoYեn եnIN?nI?YC iYեn, aoYեn Y?? ?U?e?YaoYեn, anaYu գiYiaoU ?CY Ea??AC ?nc?I?UuaoU, OYOan գեiC ii?IC ??CY: ?U? cnC ??CY I?n aoEi?i?Un: Oane N?UnA aoYեn 3 iO?, եnեuY ?E ei?oեE ?CY բ?nOn?գaoUY InAaoAUaoY: ??naoAUaoY OaoUcU?YA iYiեe?գեi ?n, UUaoe uեeCe? O??Iեni u?O?uC I?e?i?naoAU?Y ?Y??U ?n ? aoYեn Nan IaOUCo A?e?Yգ?I բnYOC ?գ?n?I: e?nգCe OaoUcU?YA N?UiYC բAC?I ?n, anA eaianեE ?n Iaei?Y?CY?aaEeC uaEեcaoU, ? iCn?aեiaoU ?n 8 Eե?iC, բ?Uo գEE?ian?aեe iCn?aեiaoU ?n գեnU?YեnեY: Ea??A u?O?uaoU a?ae? Գ?բnCեEA, u?O?uC IեYinaYaoU aoYեn ??i ?uեO iaoY? Cn բaEan N?nU?naoAUaoYYեnai ? a?niե?ai: ??Une E?nբեn?aoU iեnc?onեE ?n E?iCY?I?Y ?anaoA ? iCn?aեiaoU ?n yn?YeեnեY ? AaonuեnեY Eե?aoYեnCY, բ?Uo NCUY?I?Y ?բ?OUaoYuA ACAեO?գanIaoAUaoYY ?n ? aOYO?գanIaoAUaoYA: Oեn Y?EYCYեnA եIեE ?CY IaiuCo, aniեOCo UեYu ei?YaoU ?CYu Eiaoi OaoIA NanեOբan IaOUCo? ?ao??YU?Y I?n?aեiCo: ?U a?aA AYi?YCuai E?nբեn?Co ? iեO??aEiեE Ea??A u?O?uA: Ea??AA aoYC a?iU?I?Y ?YoU?E ? NCY a?iUaoAUaoY, NYaoAUaoYYեn, Nao??nO?YYեn, i?Yuեn, NCY N?UI?I?Y գեnե?U?YYեn ? ?UEY: ?UY ?nc?a?ii?I ?n EեeYեnai ? u?n?UnYեnai, aoYեn ?aE բaoe?I?YaoAUaoY? Ea??AA aoYեn եnIN?nI?YC N?UI?I?Y ?anao, aniեO ?i?niaOA AY?aoYiaoU ?n uaEեc: Ea??AC բaoe?I?Y ? IեY??Y?I?Y ??E?nNA YaoUYY ?n, CYa an ?եneCUaoU:

1915 A. գ?nY?YA Nan??e?i ?YOn?YեnC ?nc?YaoU Uե? N?Ui?n?nեoCY, an ?ueanեEao եY aony?UC գ?i?eA: ?n?YCo UեI ?UCe ?e?c բaEan ?I?Y?ian U?n?I?Yo գC?եnai եI?Y ? i?n?Y, բ?Yi?nIեoCY: un?I?Y եnեu ?Yգ?U iYեoCYեnA ??? ?CY i?YaoU բ?Yi? բ?Yi?nIU?EYեnCY: ?U N?UnA I?e?UaoU ?n Aaonu?I?Y բ?Y?IaoU, AaonuեnA N?U ?CYianYեnCY ?e?YOY?onCY, N?Une Nեe?iեe U?n? ECYեEai? N?eI?o?i, an AaonuեnA ?e?YOY?oYaoU ?CY N?UեnCY ?UE Ya?i?IYեnC N?U?n: U? ??EaaoU ? ?եneCU? Cn I?YaA un?եnC Uai: ??Une ?եneCUaoU CU?oեE ?n Ea??AC N?U բY?IaaoAU?Y IaianեEao U?eCY ? CnեY I?YaA uaon? եnCi?e?n?CY aoO?nIեE ?n Uեn iaoYA, an Uե? i?YC ?եneCU` un?եnC Uai: ?U? A?U?Y?I Iaei?Y?CY?aaEeCo I?e?i?naoAU?Y IaOUCo Ea??A ?CY aoO?nIեE եnCaեYCYեn, an Ea??AC բY?IaaoAU?YY Cբn Aե iեO?N?Y ?YեY ? i?YեY aony?, բ?Uo Yn?Yo NCUY?I?Y Ya?i?IY N?U բY?IaaoAU?YA ?UբaOcaoAU?Uբ IaianեEY ?n: ?nբ uaon?A եI?i Uեn iaoYA, CU U?UnA a?n ao?aoU գY?E ?եneCU ? a?i??e բeYեEai, an Uեn բaEan N?n???iYեnA iեO??aEiaoU եY aony?? U? գYaoU ? unac iaoYA ? YI?iaoU, an Aaonu եYCaեnYեnY ?YU?n?I?UCY i?Yc?YuYեnai բeY?բ?naoU եY Cn unacA, ?UE?Y??IaoAUaoYYեn ?CY ?YaoU: ?YUCc?aեe Nեi ? ??eYaoU? ?U? AYA?ouaoU UեYu a?in?eiiaoU ?CYu գY?E ?եneCUC un?եnC Uai: oaon?A Uե? i?n?i ?եneCU, UեYu Uե? Nեi iեnonCYu ?n?U?I?Y ? aeIեOեY aYaCY ?nAեuYեnA ao գY?oCYu ?եneCU: oaon? բեIA, an CU Nan I?YaAY ?n, Uե? E?i ?CU?ianեo ? aaE?n UanAեo: OեI i?nC UY?oCYu? o?YC an AaonuեnA Nեe?oեE ?CY ? UեYu գY?oCYu eaoeYեnC Uai? ?n?YI?: ?nբ N?ei?iiեoCYu ?n?YI?UaoU, N?Une ?Yo?i ??E?i?YuC, E?YaoA բ?o ?nեo ? aOYOCo ?U?YեOեYYեn ?n e?nuaoU ? i???eaoU ? Uե? N?U?n ?U? ?anaoeiai ?anaoU ?CYu: 1917 A., եnբ eaoe?ei?YaoU եO?i NեO??aEaoAUaoY, eaoeYեnA AaOCY ?n?YI?Y ? N?UI?I?Y NaOեnA ao գY?oCY CnեYo եnICnA? eaoe?ei?Y: ?U? A?U?Y?I UեY?I UY?oCY ?Ya??ia?Y N?UեnA: AaonuեnA uգiiեEai ?eCACo? N?nO?IiեoCY N?UեnC in? ? N?UեnA aI?naO?Y?Eai a?NեE ?U? NaOեnA, YanCo բeYեoCY գ?OAC ??Y?a?nNA: aI?naO?Y?Eai ?CU??nեE Aaonu?I?Y I?YaY?ian ao UեI բ?Y?ICY? UեIA UUaoeC Nեi?Co AaOեoCYu ?n?naoUA, e?nCO?UC?A, O?neA ? ?Eեue?Y?n?aaEA: ?Eեue?Y?n?aaECo IaiI?eC EեeYեnai N?e?Yu iE??CIaiI??, ?U?iեOCo ?E գY?oCYu O?UIaa: O?UIaaaoU UY?oCYu UCYa? 1920 A. , ?a? գY?oCYu ??AaoU, an N?eYեYu ?UեnCI?, բ?Uo aN?caOiեo գY?E ?UեnCI? ? YanCo iեn???nO?Yu O?UIaa: 1924 A. եe N?Y?CaեoC Ea??AC ??ie?u?n գUaoOC բY?ICa e?nգCe oեUեU?YCY ? YaoUY AiCY ?E ?UaoeY?o?Yu: 1927 A. UեYu aoYեo?Yu UC ?OcCI ? 1932 A. aoYեo?Yu UC iO?? 1932 A. UեYu iեO??aEiեoCYu ??U?ei?Y? ?n??Y...

E??????oao Ea??Uao? ??UiU? i?e?IU??A ??EC oUaoyA? (UCcai uUaoyA?Y), anC a?in?eiU?Y O?Y ?Ue ?. UCeA եnIao ?Yգ?U ?OaoU ? E?eYaoU եe բEOaonC Nեi, UեcA EoYaoU եe UCe, i?a?IaoU eaEC Nեi ? EoYaoU uUaoyA?UC Uեc: E?OaOC iեn?ai ?aEU?Y, anA YaoUYY ?, CYa ?UբaOc ??U?ei?YaoU: ??UC?Y EoYaoU ?CY Yn? Nեi ? Ue?cnai ao U?nU?Y? In?Iai ե?aoU: U?OECY? UCeA ե?aoU եY ? eaEA EoYaoU ?U?YC Uեc, ե?aoU UC?eCY, UեcA գoaoU եY UC u?YC N?i ICn?YC aCn: eUբaoIA, ե?aoU եYu ? aaUC?anA գoaoU եYu ?U?YC Uեc, U?nU?Y? In?Iai ե?aoU Cn բaEan N?UեUaoYuYեai: E?nYC U?nU` ?anA բ?o?I բ??nc?Y, UCeA ?OaoU եYu, i?a?I,aoU EoYaoU եYu բ??nc?YC Uեc I?Y?aCai I?aaoU, an aA??iC ? in?Y aaUC?an U?YnaoU, ?YaoU եYu ?U?YC Uեc, բեn?YA ??IaoU, ?YaoU U?nU?Y? In?IC in? ? ե?aoU: OCYa? բ??nc?YC Uեc ?YեEA, aեiu ? բ??nc?YA i?a?IեE: ???nc?YC Uaoe?nI?: ???nc?YA ?եni-?եni i?a?IaoU եYu UեciեOA ?n?Yu, ?n?Yu ?YaoU եYu UCe, UեcA ?YaoU եYu i?a?I?I UCe I?Y?aCai, eaEai ? aaUC?anA U?YnaoU եYu Yn? in?Y, I?Y?a բCբ?nai ? ?YaoU եYu բ?o ?U?YC Uեc ? ե?aoU: U?OEC: OCeA Iian-Iian եYu ?YaoU ? I?nUn?oYaoU եYu, eaEA ICe?ե? եYu ?YaoU, aaUC?anY ?E EoYaoU եYu in?Y ? ?YaoU բ?o ?U?YC Uեc ? U?nU?Y? In?Iai ե?aoU: ?UYaoNեi? EoYaoU եYu ICn?YC aCn ? ե?aoU: EUU?Y: A?nU UCeA IեIaoU եYu, բaEan I?Y?aCYեnA E?eYaoU եYu ? U?Yn բEOaonA ?e?Yo E??եEao E?eYaoU եYu IեI?I UeC Nեi: oCAC: i?i?nC IYIC aeIanA ե?aoU եYu, UC u?YC գEaoE eaE գoaoU եYu UեcA ? in?Y ?iեE?oYaoU eCeեe ? aaUC?an, ? ե?aoU: eCeեeA aեiu ? գoեE eaEC Nեi UC?A?U?Y?I: I?Y?a EaբC: OCeA ե?aoU եYu Ue?caonA u?UaoU եYu, EaբCY EoYaoU եYu UeC Uեc, iեncaoU in?Y EoYaoU եYu U?O???Yae: ??i eaCi?I EaբC: OC?eYCY UeC Nեi գoaoU եYu EaբCY ? ե?aoU: ??եEaoo Nեia EoYaoU եYu aaUC?an ? I?Y?aCYեn: O?Oo?Yե բEOaonե ?E?i: ?EOaonA UaoOC Nեi i?a?IaoU եYu ? in?Y ?iեE?oYaoU եYu եe?on?I caonA ? ե?aoU in?Y ?iեE?oYaoU եYu եe?on?I caonA ? ե?aoU, in?Y ?iեE?oYaoU aan U?O???Yae, I?nUCn I?U e? aOaեO:

E?nբեn?C ??EE?i?: OեI Oiai E?aoU եYu ?EUaonA, բ?n?I բ?o եYu ?YaoU, UaoOA ueaoU, in?Y ? եnIao AեnAA ?e?Yo UaoOC ?eaoU եYu ?U?YC Uեc ? UaoOA in?Y ueaoU եYu ?U?aեe ??naoY?IaoU եYu UCYa? 20 N?i, Nեia 1 Iգ. AYIaoU?C UCcaoIA IեIaoU եYu ? ?eaoU եYu ?U?u?YC UեciեOA ? ??naoY?IaoU եYu UCYa? ?U?YA EoiC ? IiniaoU եYu ??EE?i?UC O?ai ? i?ECe եYu ?aoeA ? ?գaoU? ECYaoU, an ai?eiC: ??եEaoo Nեia e?eեoYaoU եYu ? ??u?n?caonA i?u-i?u EoYaoU եYu e?eA ??EE?i?UC in?: ?nC?i?UC aanբ?: Iեe ?n?I eCeեeA ե?aoU եYu ? եnC?i?Y ?U?Yai գoaoU եYu eCeեeC in?, ?iեE?oYaoU եYu O?iaonU?` Aei ????IC ? ե?aoU եYu: ??IE?UC ???: ??IE?UC N?iCIA E??aoU եYu, E?eA I?Y?aY EoYaoU եYu in?Y ? ?iեE?oYaoU եYu OեA: EaբC N?iCI: UaoUYaեe բ?IE?UC N?iCIA: aaE?nC O?բaonO?UC ?an: aaE?nC IaOեnA iեnoYaoU եYu, UեcA EoYaoU եYu բnCYOA Cn N?UեUaoYuYեnai ? I?naoU եYu ? ?YaoU ?U?YC Uեc ? ե?aoU: ??iC ?an: ??iA UanAaoU եYu ? ?anA EoYaoU եYu բnCYOA Cn բaEan N?UեUaoYuYեnai ? ?YaoU ?U?YC Uեc ? ե?aoU: eaCi?I N?i Eaբao ?aaon: eaCi?I N?i EaբCY գoaoU եYu cnC Uեc ? ե?aoU UeC Nեi UC?eCY, u?iA iեnoYaoU եYu in?UCo, գEaoE eaEA գoaoU եYu UեcA, ե?եEaoo Nեia N?YaoU եYu eaEA ?U?YC UCcCo, գoaoU եYu UեcA aan?on?I aaUC?an I?U iaU?i` Aei ????IC: I?O?Uբai U?OEC: OCeA I?nUn?oYaoU եYu eaEA NեiA ? I?O?UբA Iin?iaoU եYu u?e?IaoeC-u?e?IaoeC, գoaoU եYu ?U?YC Uեc, ?U?YC բեn?YA ??IaoU եYu ե?եEaoo Nեia, uCa ե?C գaEan?C?Y?Eaoo Nեia Ue?caonA EoYaoU եYu in?Y ? ???A a?in?ei ?: ?aaon: O?i?nai ?aaon, Ueai: Oe?caonA եe?Eaoo Nեia EoYaoU եYu UեcA O?i?n, ana? u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ eCeեe, ե?եEaoo Nեia E?eYaoU եYu U?O???Yae ? I?nUCn aOaեO: A?Yai ?aaon: O?i?nA ? eCeեeA Cn?n Nեi ե?եEai, AaOYեEai an e?eaC, Yn?YCo Nեia aan A?YC I?U EYaoao N?ni?I A?Yai a?in?eiaoU եYu A?Yai ?aaon: ?? uգi?գanIiaoU ?n ??E?i?YuCo iեn???nO?I ??E?i?ianCY aa Aե aoOO?IC ???, ?UE ?EanA?IA բ?oեEao N?U?n, ?UeCYuY ?? Uե? Uai aC N?U?niaoU anaեe Iեn?Iaon, ?UE anaեe ?ai?oaooCa UCcao: aeaai ???: ?U?YC Uեc EoYaoU եYu caonA, ? aeaA EoYaoU եYu UեcA, ե?aoU, aYo an ?E?iA, an ECYC aa ?E?iC ? aa ?aaonC YU?Y, in?Y EoYaoU եYu i?nբեn iեe?IC I?Y?aCYեn, eaEեe?IA ?YaoU եYu, EoYaoU in?Y:

IaEU? A??i???U?U ??UI. eee ԳUaoO??U O?U?ei?aoAU?U I?Ui?aU?oi?I ?iia????U ?II IեYinaY?I?Y IaUCiեC aEեYaoUC ana?U?Y N?U?O?UY գUaoO?I?Y ?CY?n?naoAUaoYA AY?E?UYեEao ? ?iiain?Yeaaniai ?a?NaiեEao I?a?IoaoAU?Uբ` 1969 A. ?եini?n ?UeCY I??U?Iեnaiեo ??U?ei?YC ?CY?n?naoAU?Y UCYCeinaoAU?Y IեYinY?oi?I ?iiaբ???: ?iiaբ???UC I??U?IեnaaoUCo Nեia ?YNn?Aե?i ?n in?U??nեE iեO?U?e, aniեO aեiu ? I?eaooiեCY ?iiUեuեY?YեnC I?Yգ?eYեn: ?iiaբ???UC iYunեY ?. O?A?aeU?YC c?Yuեnai ? OեI?i?naoAU?Y AaoUE?inaoAU?Uբ ? UCc?UiaoAU?Uբ ?iiaբ???UCY in?U??niեo 4,5 N?. i?n?IaoAU?Uբ iեO?U?e` O?eCeC ?nc?YC Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YCo ?ni???i i?YaO IեYinaY?I?Y E?aoOao O?E?IaOUU? U?eaoU: ?UaoeCe?UCY ? N?n?i?UCY IaOUեnCo եnIao բ?nOn?i?Y??IYեn, CeI UեciեOaoU` IեYinaY?I?Y U?eaoU, cnեnCo N?i?ui?I ??NC?A: i?nCYեn ??naoY?I ?U? i?n?IaoAUaoYaoU ? A??iեE ?n??Y u?O?uCo ? Uai?I? գUaoOեnCo ?aone եIaO IեOiY ao ?iեEan?aoAUaoYYեnA: ?n?եEU?Y IaOUCo UCYa? ?n?UiU?Y IaOUA` 400 U. i?n?IaoAU?Y in?, iեO?U?eC AեuaoAUaoYA I??UaoU ?n 10-12 U.: ?eI?I?Y E?UaoEaa?Y ?n ?U? i?n?IaoAUaoYA: ?եYo ?U?iեO ?E aեiu ? I?eaooiեn գUaoO?CY UCYCeinaoAU?Y IեYinaY?oi?I ?iiaբ???Y: ?iiaբ???UC ?CY?n?naoAU?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA aեiu ? I?i?nեn գUaoO?CY. UCYCeinaoAU?Y ??nA?I?Y UեuեY?U?oi?I ??n?eUaoYA` ?O?-Y aեi i. ?. aCբaoEaU?Y, գEE. CYACYեn e. ueCaai, ?CY?n?naoAU?Y ??EOեI Y??Y?Iiեo եnI?n i?nCYեnC ??E?i?Yu?UCY ?anO aoYեoaO I. e. A?niեn?U?YA: ?N? ? 1969 A. U?ni ?UeCY ?iiaբ???UCY in?U??ni?I i?n?IaoAU?Y in? eIeեoCY NeY??E բaoE?ao?եnYեnC ? in?IianYեnC O?UYAեnA` i?n?IiեEai aane IaOUC ???iեnC in?: OC?UY ?auեnai aեiu ?n iեeYեE, Aե CYa A??ai ao եe?Y?ai eIeiեoCY ?U? ??E?i?YuYեnA: I?i?niaoU ?CY Y?E?a?in?ei?I?Y, eI?բY?I?Y N?nAեoU?Y ??E?i?YuYեn: ?aoE?ao?եnYեnA i?n?IuC ?n?եEU?Y IaOUCo aեiu ? NaOA, u?nA, ?i??Y ao EC?A 400 U. in? u?եEai iեO??aEեCY ?եaC ?n?UiU?Y IaOUA ? I?i?nեCY Uai?ian?aեe 16000-18000 Ean?Y?n? Uեin NaO?UCY ??E?i?Yu ? ECou?ianaoU: OեE?YC??oC?UC Nեi N?UAYA?o` N?nAեoU?Y ??E?i?YuYեnCY U?eY?IoaoU ?CY բ?YianYեnA: oaoni ?n, ?YOn?Yեn ?CY iեOaoU, oեE, ?UY ?E ?e?YOY?aեe ?U? ??N?aoi iեO?U?eaoU: e?I?UY, aaCYa a?n AYI?aoU բaoE?ao?եn?i?nYեnCY? O?YaoI ??naU?YCY ? a?naoUn OY?o?I?YU?YCY, anaեe?C ?e?iaii?YCo UCYa? եnեIa ?Y???naoU ??E?iեCY` E?i գCi?IoեEai, an ?? NaoUA ?YNn?Aե?i ?: ?Ai?naoAUaoYYեnC N?Y?CaեECe Yn?Yu ?YUCc?aեe ?CUaoU ?CY բ???UC ?CnեIianCY ? ??EOեICY` ?YNn?Aե?i oaooaoUYեn ei?Y?Eao, CeI ?Ai?naoAUaoYYեn ??i I?UCY, N?Y?CaaoU ?CY ?NeեEC UեIaoAUaoY aoYեoaO u?nեnC, anaYu NY?n?ian a?n ECYaoU iեO???nAեE? i?nCYեnai Eoi?I IեOiY ao UY?oaoIYեnA ?UYaեe ?CY I?nIn?oեE ao ?Un?oեE, an ?YNY?n ?n ECYaoU բaoE?ao?եnYեnai u?Y?եE ? ?e?c i?YեE? ????UC ?CnեIianA ? ??E?i?I??UC OեI?i?nA eեiCYե Ia?CIYեn N?գ?I` ?U? oեE?cnեnC Uեc գYaoU ?CY բaoE?ao?եn?i?nYեnCY ?Ai?naoAUaoY a?i??e?I i?UnեnA ? oaooaoUYեn i?ECe Nեi?գ? ??E?i?YuYեnC N?U?n: aեiu ?n iեeYեE բ???UC ?CnեIian ?. O?A?aeU?YC UեI c?Y?eCnaoAUaoYA, uգYaoAUaoYA ? E?ni?IaoAUaoYA ?CY?n?naoAU?Y ?U? ??E?i?YuYեnC A?U?Y?ICY ? an?Iai I?i?nեEao N?U?n: ?UբaOc uni? N?U?nU? Aե UեI U?eA Y? գiYiaoU ?n ?CY?n?nYեnC Uai, UեI գYaoU ?n բaoE?ao?եn?i?nYեnC Uai, N?can? naaեCY Y? ?n?եY NCUuեn u?Y?aOYեnC Uai ?n, aon ?n?եY eIeiեE ?CY ??E?i?YuYեnA, Nեia` anUY??CnYեnC, բեiaY?գanIYեnC ao NUaoeYեnC Uai ?YaoU ?n ?CiaOaoAUaoYYեn, u?c?EեnaoU, oaooaoUYեn i?ECe? ?nբ iեeYaoU ?n ?n?I?Y ?n?UaoYuYեnA, CYuA ??E?i?I??UC OեI?i?nCo ? բ?YianYեnCo ??i ?n aon?E?YaoU: ????UC ?CnեIianA aoOO?IC IE?Yi?I ?n ?CY?n?naoAU?Y ??E?i?YuYեnai, եnբ UC iեO a?i?NaoU ?n, an ??E?i?I??UC OեI?i?nA YեOY ?n AYIYaoU բ?Yian?I?Y OեeuC N?U?n, Y? ?YUCc?aեe Nn?N?YգaoU ?n, an բ???UC UեE?YC??ianYեnCo, aiuեn NY?n?ianaoAUaoYYեn aoYեCY` U?eY?IoեY ?CY?n?naoAU?Y ??E?i?YuCY, CeI CYa iեn?բեnaoU ? ?CY?n?nYեnCY ?iiain?Yeaaniai I?U UեE?YC??oC?Uai uգYեEaoY, Eaeu ?Yգ?U ECYեE a?n I?naO, anaiNեi? UեE?YC?U I?U ?iiain?Yeaani ?CY?n?nYեnCY in?U??niaoU ?n ?UեYCo ?e?c ? ?YUCc?aեe: ?CY?n?nYեnA, եnբ iեeYaoU ?CY բ???UC ?CnեIianC UaiեY?EA, aon?E?YaoU ? ?naooaoU ?CY Yn? Nեi: o?Y?i?I, uեni?I i?n?IaoAUaoYYեnCo ?aone ?n գ?ECe e?eiCI ?Yi?YեEC գ??C Nai, anA eiեOIaoU ?n U?n?ao IaIan?C Uեc EեO?ao ? ?auեnC UnUeao ?e?c?oYaoU, ?noaoYuYեn ?CY A??iaoU: ??i ?Ai?n ?n ?U? a?UU?YYեnaoU ??E?iեEA: e?I?UY aa UեE?YC??ianYեnA, aa ?CY?n?n բ?YianYեnA a?CY AYI?iaoU I?U ?E iniYcaoU, ??E?iaoU ?CY Yn?Yu, ??E?iaoU ?YOYiCn?բ?n ? NեeiCo Y?UaOCY AiaoU ?n, Aե ?U?iեO ?Ai?nCY aa UC գanI I?U ??E?i?Yu aI?: ??nAեoU?Y ? ECou?ianU?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA ?e?c ?CY գYaoU: ?UAU ?YNn?Aե?i ?n iեn?YեnCo u?UiaO, ??NC?C Uեc EoiaO cnեnA iեO?U?eCo Nեe?oYեE, anaեe?C NY?n?ian ECYC iեO?U?eC o?U?uեoaoUA ? aan?oaoUA: ?եi?գ? ??E?i?YuYեnA I?i?nեEao N?U?n` ?iiaբ???UC ?CnեIianC ? ??E?i?I??UC OեI?i?nC ana?U?Uբ ? OեI?i?naoAU?Y AaoUEiiaoAU?Uբ, iեO?U?eC ?UբaOc i?n?IuC եnI?naoAU?Uբ, ?n?եEU?Y IaOUCo ?եaC ?n?UiU?Y IaOUA 500 U. եnI?naoAU?Uբ, 2 U. EanaoAU?Uբ ? 2 U. E?UYaoAU?Uբ, anA I??UaoU ?n 2000 U.3 ?aniեo I?Y?E, iեO??niեoCY 110 eU. in?U?a??C ??բեeiCo EaOai?IYեn, I?i?niեoCY ?nեY?A?UCY ??E?i?YuYեn ? ?UY I?IIiեo E??u?nեnai ? iեn?C ?եniY ?E NaOai? Iaoi?Ii?I cnեnA ?eiC??Y?բ?n N?i?uեEai` eIeեoCY NaeեE iեO??ni?I EaOai?IYեnai ? I?U?o-I?U?o eIeեo aan?Y?E iեO?U?eC i?n?IuA: ??oC iեnaNC?U?E EaOai?IYեnCo, iեO?U?eC ?n?եEU?Y ? N?n?i?UCY IaOUեnaoU? iեO?U?eCo ?aone, ?aniեo 800 U. եnI?naoAU?Uբ 2 U. EanaoAU?Uբ ? 2 U. E?UYaoAU?Uբ ?e UC cn?Uբ?ni?I, anA I??UaoU ?n Uai 3000 U.3 ?Ue ?Yգ?U ?E iեO?U?eC IaOuեnCo ?e?c?oaO cnեnA NaeեoCY ?U? ?nեY?Aai: I?n? A?U?Y?I?UCcaoaoU iեO?U?eA ?eiC??Y?բ?n eIeեo aan?Y?E: ?UAU aեiu ? I?i?niեCY iեO?U?eC ?nc?a?iC a?iea?nU?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA: I?n? A?U?Y?I?UCcaoaoU ?CYiեO?U?e N?i?u?գnեoCY ?UYA?aC գUaoOCo, O?nU?n??եYCo, Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YCo ? OեNU?Y??n գUaoOեnCo i?nբեn U?eY?գCiaoAUaoYYեn aoYեoaO ?CY?n?nYեn, NUaoeYեn, anUY??CnYեn, u?ni?? i?naեiYեn ? ??Y???Y ??E?i?YuYեnai ??E?iaO 30-40 NaգC ??E?iaOYեn: 1969 A. ?anCE ?UCeY ?n, iեO?U?eA aan?YaoU ?n, eIeiեE ?CY I?i?niեE a?nCeaYեnC NCUuեnC u?Y?U?Y NaO?UCY ??E?i?YuYեnA, NCUuեnC ? oaIaEYեnC բեiaY?a?iU?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA, a?in?eiC ei?oi?I բEaIYեnCo a?in?eiU?Y ??n?UCY ??E?i?YuYեnA: ?UեY un EeiaoU ?n բեiaY ? ?UE ?CY?n?n?I?Y ?an?YuYեn iեO??aEaO UեuեY?YեnC ??nACaYեnC ? CYuY?A??եnC ?On??oaO O?UYեnA, բեiaYA iեO??aEiaoU ?n ?O?-C բեiaY ??O?EU?Y N?YգaoUoCo: aեiu ?n iեeYեE «?եEaeaoe» U?IYC?C ?eI?i?ianC i?nan? ??ai ??aU?YC ??E?i?YuA, Y? iCn?aեiaoU ?n NUaoeYaoAU?Y, եe?IoaOC ? anUY??naoAU?Y U?eY?գCiaoAUaoYYեnCY: aon?E, ?i?nA ?U? ??E?i?eեn U?n?ao ??E?i?YuA aoOO?IC NC?oUaoYu ?n ?e?c?oYaoU բaEanCY, ? 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Cn Uեc ?n ?eYaoU ?iiaբ???UC iեO?U?eA` ?a?NaiեEai ao a??ia?YեEai բaEan iեe?IC EaaY?aiYեnCo: ?anCE, U?UCe ?UCeYեnCY բ???UC a?nCeaYեnaoU I?eaooU?Y N?U?n u?Y?iեo ? բեiaY?a?iiեo 360 U.3 NCUu: I?i?niեo 200 U.3 բեiaY?UCY ??E?i?Yu: oaIaE?UCY U?eaoU, CeI UCYa? eեaiեUբեn ?UCeA I?eaooiեo 1000 U. գI?UCY «iaoyaբEaI»-Co a?nCeaA, aniեO գanIC ?niեo 750-800 U.3 «iaoyaբEaI»: a?neaC a?iեnC ??nU?Y ??E?i?YuYեnaoU CnեYo CeI?I?Y եe?Y?A oaoo?բեnեoCY ?iiaIeaoYI?i?nYեn A. Գ?բnCեEU?YA ? e. O?nIaeU?YA, anUY??CnYեn i. ??O??e?nU?YA, ?. ??IaբU?YA ? i. O??I?EU?YA, NUaoeYեn, NեYo CYuA ?ueI?i?ian?i?n ?. ?EaU?YA, ?. AanaeU?YA, բ?YianYեn-բեiaY?գanIYեn N?UnեY???nO ?n?U AanCIU?YA, I?na ??E?YU?YA, i. ?բn?N?UU?YA ? ??i aonC?Yեn: a?nea?a?iU?Y ??E?i?YuYեnCY ?aoգAYA?o I?i?niaoU ?n ?iiaբ???UC, ?iiain?YeaaniC I?Yգ?eU?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA: 30000 uU. I?i?E aoYեoaO ?U? i?n?IaoAU?Y in? ?YAY?N?i CYuY?A?? ?iiaUեuեY?Yեnai iեO??aEiaoU ?n ?եբեY, գn?iCEA ? ?i??A ?UYaեe aեiu ? N?nAեoiեn, an ?niaO եnI?A-բեiaYե e?ECIYեnA o?In a?niեCY IaOu-IaOuC: ??YianYեnA, i?naեiYեnA, e?EեnC ? N?nA?a??եnC uգYaoAU?Uբ ,??E?i?I??UC OեI?i?nC oaooaoUYեnai, N?nAեoYaoU, ??O ?CY i?ECe ?եբCYA, գn?iCEA, ? ?i??A` ?Un?oYեEai ?UY N?iaoI եO?Y?Iai: ?U?aեe iեO??aEaoU ?CY Nn?a?n?IC N?U?n iեO??niեECu a?in?eiC եnI?A-բեiaYU? e?ECIYեnA: ?UeiեO N?nI ? Y?եE «a?YեE?i?n» ?iiaUեuեY?UC i?nan? ?. ICn?IaeU?YC ?YEYac ao ?Y???naoU ??E?i?YuC U?eCY, i?nan?, an I?nIեe բaEanCo ??i ?n ??N?գnգei?I, բaEanCo ??i ?n OգiaoU ?U? ?CY?n?n?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA NY?n?ianCYe ?n?գ I?i?nեEao N?U?n: ?U? EեEau ao ??YCi U?n?ao ??E?i?YuA, Yn? iեn?բեnUaoYuA Aե OեI?i?naoAU?Y, ? Aե Uaon?u?YaUaon բ?YianC Nեi, NC?oUaoYu ?n a?i??eaoU բaEanCY, ?CY?n?nYեnA Yn?Y N?nգaoU ?CY CYaaեe Nan, AYIեnac ? եOբan, Yn? ??E?i?Yu?UCY ??N?գnei?IaoAUaoYA ?UY?Y ia?ianaoAUaoYY ?n AaOեE ?CY?n?nYեnC in?, an Yn?Yu a?CY a?iIեn?oYaoU, an aoei? ??O?CIC ?iiaY ??i?nI UiYC Nn?a?n?I:

- aoei? ??O?CIA գY?oեE ? aECi? I?U բEaI բեnեEao? - ?ե aonեUY, an Y? գY?oեE ? ?Ya?UU?Y IբեnC, - ?eaoU ?CY բaEanA ? ?U?aեe ?E ECYaoU ?n` Y? եnբեu ? aa UC un բեiaYU? IaYeinaoIoC?YեnCo ??i?nI UեuեY?Uai aiեn???nO?i ?CYNn?a?n?I: ICI?OIai, ??EaoUA ?U? U?n?A I?nIեe IYiեE ?n UC?i E?i ??E?iեEao, aonC?YեnCY E?iA o?YI?Y?Eao N?U?n: ?UAU N?nAեoi?I ? aoOOi?I NCUuC` ?եբեYC, գn?iCEC ? ?i??C in? IaOu-IaOuC iեO??naoU ?CY բեiaYU? e?ECIYեnA, ?iiaIeaoYIYեnC UCcaoai ?UY iեO??niaoU ?n Y?i?I iեOA, i?naեiYեnC uգYaoAU?Uբ ??nAiaoU ? iեO??niaoU ?n a?N?YciեECu iեOaoU, aoOOiaoU N?nA?a??ai, CeI բ?YianYեnA e?ECIYեnC UեciեOaoU բ?o AaO?I ?եOuեnaoU EoYaoU ?CY oեUեYiC ?Uaon ??O?E` e?ECIYեnA UեIA UUaoeC Nեi ??OI?aեEao N?U?n, ? ?Ueaեe 3 N?. i?n?IaoAU?Y ? ?U? ??E?i?YuYեnA I?i?niaoU ?CY i?naեiYեnC UCcaoai: ?CY?n?n?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA u?YC գYaoU բ??U?a?iIiaoU ?CY? a?neaCY, Nn?a?n?ICY ?aoգan??բ?n aեiu ? I?eaooiեCY ?e ?iiaբaueեn, i?eեE?YUaoAC a?NեeiYեn, ?iiaEoU?Y N?YգaoUo, i?nբեn i?naOaoAU?Uբ եnIao a?NեeiYեn, ??nբYao, cn?i???YYեn, a?N?I?iaoY, ?Ceaեiaեn?Yao, ?iiaU?eեnC iեn?YanaգU?Y oեE, I?Ae?U?iaoY, գEE?ian ?nNեei?Yao` CnեY ?YNn?Aե?i բaEan ?ni??n?U?eեnai, ?EեIina?I?U?Y, i?na?I?Y եnեu N?nI?YC ?եYuA ? ??i uA?Y??I I?eaoUoYեn: aեiu ? ??E?iեE, ??E?iեE ?Y?aoE եe?Y?ai, c?Y?eCn?բ?n, ?e?Yo a?n?aaon?YեnC, ?e?Yo բ?o?I?UaoAUaoYYեnC:

?iiaբ???UC ?CnեIian ?. O?A?aeU?YA, ??OեI I. A?niեn?U?YA, OեeY?UaoE ECYեEai ?U? a?i?eE?Y?iao ??E?i?YuYեnC I?i?nU?YA ?YaoU ?CY բaEan NY?n?ian a?UU?YYեnA? ?CY?n?naoAU?Y iեUaեnA ?E ?iեEC բ?nOn?oYեEao, բ?YianYեnC Uեc I??U?Iեnaa?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեn i?YեEao, բ?YianYեnC, U?eY?գեiYեnC Uեc բ?nOn?oYեEao ??E?i?YuCY YiCni?IaoAUaoYA, ??N?գnգei?IaoAUaoYA, ??E?iեEao UեI o?YIaoAUaoYA: uգYեEao, ??E?i?YuYեnA E?UY ??I?iai ?e?c i?YեEao N?U?n ?YNn?Aե?i ?n Y??Y?IեE բnCգ???i?n, an I?naO?Y?n ??OեIC Nեi UC?eCY I??U?IեnaեE ? NeIaOaoAUaoY e?NU?YեE ??E?i?YuYեnC E?i AYA?ouC, բ?YianYեnCY, U?eY?գեiYեnCY ?YNn?Aե?i գanICuYեnai, N?գaoeiYեnai ? ?UE ?YNn?Aե?i YUaoAեnai ?a?NaiեEao N?U?n: ?nCգ???i?n Y??Y?Iiեo ?CY?n?naoAU?Y ??E?iaOYեnCo Cn i?nuai, ??E?i?eCnaoAU?Uբ ? բ??U?IaOU?YCaoAU?Uբ ?auC AYIYaO, Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YC բY?ICa I?n?aեi U??YC ??E?YU?YA: ??E?YU?YC բ??U?IaOU?YCaoAUaoYA, i?nբեn ?CY?n?n?I?Y U?eY?գCiaoAUaoYYեnC iCn?aեiaoUA, Yn? An?c?YaoAUaoYA, բ?YianYեnC Nեi Yn? UaiեoaoUA, AYIեn?I?YaoAUaoYA, i?ECe ?n Yn? E?i ?nA?YCuYեnA: ?nCգ??CnA ?UբaOc unA aaoYեn ????n` aY?U?I Cn in? ??OեIC IaOUCo ?ni?I a?ni?I?YaoAUaoYYեnCY, Y? N?eoYaoU ?n բaEanC Nեi ??E?iեEao, oaooaoU i?Eao, NeIեEao: Un?Y UեI IiեeYեCn բեiaY ??O?EեECe, UեI anUY??CnYեnCY ??O?E N?eoYեECe, NUaoeYaoAUaoY ?YեECe, Y? N?eYaoU ?n ?UեY iեO ? ?UեY CYaC, aniեO an ?YNn?Aե?iaoAUaoY ?n ?գ?oiaoU: Aե anUY??naoAU?Y, Aե e?E?a?iaO-բEaIYեn ??nեEao, Aե ?EեIin?I?YaoAU?Y N?noեnai, Y? ?UեY CYa I?nգ?ianaO ?n ? Ya?i?ICY N?eoYaO: ?aoYCe ?UeCY ?n?եY a?in?ei ?n I?Yգ?eU?Y Nn?a?n?IC UեI u?ean? U?eA: ?n?եY NY?n?ianaoAUaoY I?n ?iiaUեuեY?YեnA ??E?i?YuCo Nեia I?YգYեoYեE Nn?a?n?IaoU, CnեYo N?U?a?i?eE?Y i?UnaoU: ?aoiai eIeiեo I?eaooiեE Y?? i?eեE?YUaoAեnC a?NեeiA 250 i. i?naOaoAU?Uբ: ??n?i-?n?UiU?Y U?eaoU ?aniեo 450 EU. E?Y??I, բեiaY?a?iiեo a?iեnA ? N?i?IA, aniեO iեO??niեo 250 i. i?nբեn i?naOaoAUaoY aoYեoaO oCeiեnYեn: I?i?niեoCY բaEan ?YNn?Aե?i ??E?i?YuYեn oCeiեnYեnC iեO??nU?Y, EoU?Y ? ??i?nIU?Y N?U?n: a?NեeiA I?IIiեo եnI?A-բեiaYU? a?YեEYեnai, I?i?niեo ei?O, oեUեYiC ?Uaon ??O?Eai, N?i?IA բեiaY?a?iiեo ? ei?Oiեo YaoUY ??O?Eai, eiեOIiեoCY EoU?Y ? A??U?Y a?UU?YYեn: i?eեE?YUaoAC a?NեeiCY ? cn?i???YCY ICo` N?U?a?i?eE?Y Nեe?ianaoAU?Y in?, I?eaooiեo ?iiaEoU?Y N?YգaoUo? A?U?Y?I?ICo բaEan e?nu?ianaoUYեnai: ?n?n Nեi?Co I?eaooiaO I?eaoUoYեnC N?U?n a?N?YciaoU ?n ?e?Yo ao??oaoUYեnC ? ?YNn?Aե?i u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ բեiaY ? ??O?E, եO?I ?O?-C բեiaYC ??O?EU?Y o?YoA a?n I?naO ?a?NaiեE A?U?Y?ICY a?N?YciaO u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ բեiaY ? ??O?E, aoeiC ana?iեo uA?Y??I I?nգai iեOaoU I?eaooեE բեiaYC ? oեEC ??O?EU?Y N?YգaoUo: ?CY?n?nYեnA ?YUCc?aեe OեeY?UaoE եO?Y ?UY I?eaooեEao iեO?U?eC a?neaCo ?aone` N?n?i-?n?UiU?Y U?eaoU: ??OեIC ? բnCգ??CnC IaOUCo ?e?YOY?oiեoCY N?U?a?i?eE?Y ??E?iaOYեn ?U? ??E?i?YuA eIeեEao N?U?n: OC u?YC uni? AYA?ouaoU բեiaYC ??O?EU?Y o?YoA ?n?եY a?in?ei ?n: ?եiaY?a?iiեoCY a?iեnA, iեO??niեo 0,75 EU. i?naOaoAU?Uբ բեiaY?E?eYCaA, eiեOIiեoCY բaEan iեe?IC ?YNn?Aե?i a?UU?YYեnA, caonA UOCa UեuեY?UC uգYaoAU?Uբ Ui?i եnI?AU? EaOai?IYեnA ? Naeեo ?եaC o?YoA, iեO??aEiեo UեI u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ ?եբեY, գn?iCE ? ?i??, ?Ai?naoAUaoY ?e?c եI?i oեUեYiC N?noaoU, anA ?e բ???UC ?CnեIian O?A?aeU?YC IaOUCo ?aoi??aoUi I?nգai EaoIiեo ? բեiaYC ??O?EU?Y o?YoA eIeեo գanIեE ? i?E ?YNn?Aե?i u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ բեiaY ? ??O?E: ?UAU ?n?եY iեn?oեE ?CY ?CY?n?nYեnC N?U?n ?Ai?naoAUaoYYեnA, բեiaYA ? ??O?EA a?in?eiiaoU ?CY iեOaoU, ? ?CY?n?naoAUaoYA eIeեo InIY?IC A??ai ?e?c ??nAiեE: ?U? գanIեnC AYA?ouC N?U?n ??i ?CY aon?E Aե բ???UC i?nCaA, Aե ??OեIA ? Aե բ?YianYեnY ao OեI?i?naoAUaoYA: ?եe ?anCE, U?UCe ?UCeYեnCY iեO?U?eC a?nCeaYեnC N?n?i?UCY ? ?n?UiU?Y IaOUեnaoU eIeեoCYu OեeY?UaoE ECYեE aiO?iao I?eեnC? i?YOC, EYOanC, ICn?YC iYICYեnC iYIU?YA, CeI N?n?i?UCY IaOUC ?auC AYIYaO UC i?n?IaoAUaoYaoU E?OaOC i??եnC iեO??nU?YA: iեO??aEiեo UեI u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ an?IU?E NaO: o?Y?iեoCY բ??U?ACi u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ N?U?a?i?eE?Y ?aeեn, iYIiեoCY iYICYեnA ? eiեOIiեoCY ?n?Yu cnեEao a?UU?YYեnA: ?U? ?YanN?EC գanICY U?eY?IoaoU ?CY գnեAե բaEanA, Aե ?CY?n?nYեn, Aե UեE?YC??oC?UC ??E?iaOYեn, CeI ?UեY?E?i U?eY?IoaoAUaoYY ?CY oaoo?բեnaoU ?iiaբ???UC գn?eեYU?IC ??E?i?ICoYեnA, N?iI?aեe գEE. N??i?a?N eե?? ??naoAUaoYU?YA: ?aEan ??E?i?YuYեnA I?i?niaoU ?n բ???UC ?CnեIian ?. O?A?aeU?YC ?YUCc?I?Y U?eY?IoaoAU?Uբ, OեI?i?naoAU?Uբ ? ini?I oaooaoUYեnai: ?n?եY NaoECe, uգaeiae ?UCeYեnCY բ???UC եnIIaOUU?Y i?n?IuC in? I?Y?aCY ?CY i?ECe aiO?iao I?eեnA ? E?OaOC i??եnA` UC Nեi?unuCn ? գեOեoCI iեeu i?Eai բ???UCY, CeI N?can? i?nCY` 1970A., ?n?եY I?nեEC ?n N?Uiեe ?YեE uCa u?Y?Iai aiaoOYեn? 1971A. eIe?I բ?Yian-I?e?UaOYեnA uգiiaoU ?CY ?U? բ?nCuYեnCo, CeI I?eեnA ? E?OaOC i??եnA CnեYo I?Y?a, գեOեoCI iեeuai Cnau an գեOեoI?onեE ?CY ?iiaբ???UC ?nc?I?UuA, i?na?I?Y ?եYuC ?CU?oC ??Y???Y գaoUY?գaoUY ?aunCI i?n??Yao a?niե?A iiեE ?n Cn գեOեoCI ao NU?UCa iեeuA: I?aiեoCY UեI u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ A?nU?Yեn ? i??եnA բ?nOn?o?Y ?n?Yo in?, I?EեEai CnեYo I?Y?a բ??U?ACi ?UaoOեnA, բեnuY ao բ?nCuA: ?aoYCe-NaoECe ?UCeYեnCY ?n?եY OեeY?UaoE եO?Yu ?iiaբ???UC եnեu N?nI?YC i?na?I?Y ?եYuC I?eaooU?YA: o?e?eaoY գI?UCY Uեin եnI?naoAU?Uբ ? i?eYեnեu Uեin E?UYaoAU?Uբ ?U? ?եYuA, anA I??UaoU ?n 520uU. i?n?IaoAUaoY, Aei Y?E?գIC aoYեn բaEan ?YNn?Aե?i ? 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Uaon?u?YaUaon u?n iեO??nեECe? ?եYuA ?aEaoU ?n Cn iեeuA: o?nA i??iaoU ?n iեOaoU iեO??ni?I u?ni?? UեuեY?UC UCcaoai, N?nI ?n iեeYեE UեuեY?UC Uai I?YգY?I u?ni?? i?naեi iaEa?U? ??Uբ?nOaoUU?YC ??E?i?YuA: ?UբaOc unA ?a?ao ? uniYuC Uեc IaEaEi?I` i??aoU ?n u?nեnA ? UեI-UեI ???գ?NCo i?YaoU ??naoU ?n i???I u?nեnC IaoUiեnC in? ? I?i?IեEai O?UY ?n i?ECe i?naեiYեnCY. «o?nեnA a?in?ei Oե? եY ea?eaoU, ?n?գ ??nեu, Nեi UC UY?oեu», ? YanCo caIեEai u?nեnA N?nU?nեoYaoU ?n ???գ?NCY: OCYa? 1969 A. ?եIiեUբեn ?UCeA i?na?I?Y ?եYuC 2 N?nIեnA ?n?եY a?in?ei ?CY, բ???UC ?CnեIoC?Y ? բ?AYC ??E?iaOYեnA iեO??aEiեoCY ?եYu` Uaon?u?YaUaonA CnեYo in?U??ni?I eեYU?IYեnaoU, U?uaon գեOեoCI, Eaoe?ian ao N?nU?n?iեi, UCYa? ?U? գn?eեYU?IYեnA iեO?iani?I ?CY ?neaoU I?YգYեoi?I ICe?E?i?n iY?IYեnaoU: ?iեE?YaoU ?n ?iiaբ???UC i?naOaoAUaoYA, ei?oiaoU ?CY UեI u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ Yan ?iiaUեuեY?Yեn ao UեE?YC??oC?, ?iեE?YaoU ?n ? ??E?iaOYեnC ACiA: ?iiaբ???UC UեI?Y?EA, ?iiaUեuեY?YեnC ?U?u?Y ?n?գ I?nգai ??i?Y?EA, ?e?c բեnեo UեI a?N?Yc ?iiaբ???UC գEE?ian ?nNեei?YaoC I?eaooU?YA, ?e?Yo anC uCa NY?n?ian ?n ?iiaUեuեY?YեnA ? UUaoe UեE?YC??oC?YեnA UC?i e?nuCY iC??IaoU a?NեEA ? Yn?Yo ?YE???Y ??E?iեEA: ?aoneA, բ?o եnIYuC i?I ?? բaEanaiCY NY?n?ian a?n, aoeiC ? eIeiեo ?iiaբ???UC գEE?ian ?nNեei?YaoC ?CY?n?n?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA ?e: ԳEE?ian ?nNեei?YaoA, anA aեiu ? I?eaooiեn 2000 uU. i?n?IaoAU?Y in?, եnI?naoAUaoYA 50, E?UYaoAUaoYA 40 U.? I?eaooiեEao ?CY եnI?A բեiaYU? eUaoYեn, եnI?A բեiaYU? NեI?YYեn, եnI?A բեiaYU? 18 U. iեnU?Yեn, եnI?A բեiaYU? a?iC e?ECIYեn, եnI?A բեiaYU? I?II ? ?UEY: I?aCi?E a?iեnA YեneaoU ??niaoU ?CY aoOCO yanU?UCY iaoy u?nai, UCcY?a?iեnA ? uA?Y??I a?iեnA` բեiaYU? UCcYanUU? e?ECIYեnai ? aեU??բEaIai: ԳEE?ian ?nNեei?YaoA եnI?A բեiaYU? IaYeinaoIoC?YեnC ? ?UE ?CY?YUaoAեnC N?UA?UAaoUA I?ai?I ?n ?Ai?naoAUaoYYեnC Nեi, ?O?-C IaOUCo ini?IA a?n I?naO i?E o?YI?o?I ?n?UaoYuA, N???E OգOգiaoU ?n IaYeinaoIoC?YեnC N?UA?UAU?Y, ?e?uU?Y N?noA, anC N?U?n ?E ?e?c ?n գ?ECe ?CY?n?nYեnC ?n??n?oC iniaoYcA, e?I?UY ?UeiեO ?E o?UiaoY I?nգai եn??o բ???UC ?CnեIian ?. O?A?aeU?YC ??N?գnգei?IaoAUaoYA ? uգYaoAUaoYA: ?CY?n?n?I?Y ?an?YuYեnC N?UA?UAU?Y N?U?n, Y? ?UեY un UiYaoU ?n i?nբեn NCUY?nIaoAUaoYYեn, եnI?A բեiaYU? IaYeinaoIoC?YեnC գanI?n?YYեn ? e?NU?Yi?I I?nգai ?CY?n?nYեnCY ?a?NaiaoU ?YNn?Aե?i IaYeinaoIoC?Yեnai ? ?UE ?CY?n?n?I?Y ?an?YuYեnai: ԳEE?ian ?nNեei?YaoC ?CY??E?i?YuYեnA ?eiC??Y?բ?n I?nգ?ianiaoU ? NaoYC Uեc ?CY UiYaoU: o?Y?iեoCY u?e?IaoeC O? aoYեoaO NCUuեnA, «բ??U?uYեnC» N?U?n 3 X 3 X 2 i?n?IaoAU?Y in? u?Y?iaoU ?CY ?neC a?iեnC NCUuեnA 300 գI?Uեin եnI?naoAU?Uբ, 1 U. EanaoAU?Uբ ? 0,7 U. E?UYaoAU?Uբ «բ??U?IYեnC» NCUuեn 30 N?i, AY?N?Yaon ?eU?Uբ u?Y?iեo Uai 480 EU. NaO?UCY ??E?i?Yu, iեO??niեoCY եnI?A բեiaYU? NCUuեnA, NCUuեnC i?IC U?eaoU I?i?niaoU ?n oեUեYiC ??O?E EoaYaoU ? N?nAեoaoU ?i??ai, եnI?A բեiaYU? eUaoYեnC aoOCO ? ??գnCi I?YգYեoYեEao N?U?n: ?UAU ?iiaIeaoYI?i?n Aan? Գ?բnCեEU?YA aեiu ? iեO??nեn եnI?A բեiaYU? «բ??U?IYեnA», eUaoYեnA, NեI?YYեnA, a?iեnA, yեnU?YեnA: U? ?YAY?N?i ??nAU?Y Uեc ?n` iեO??aEեEai ?iiaIeaoYIYեnA UC iեOCo UUaoeA: ԳEE?ian ?nNեei?YaoCo ?CY?n?naoAUaoYA բaEan iեe?IC եnI?A բեiaYU? IaYeinaoIoC?YեnC iեO??naoUA a?N?YciaoU ?n a?????Yo EեE?UCi Ui?Ii?I ??E?i?Yu, Aei Y?E?գIեnC ??գnCi a??aoUYեnC Nեi: OեI ?եi?EaoU iեO?բ?E?U?Y, iեO??nU?Y Nեi??Yuai AեIao? UեI e?YiCUեin eE?E` IE?EiiեCY ?UբaOc IanaaoeC I?nI?eYեnC N?i?uU?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA ? ?eN?e?n?I ?UբaOc I?eaoUoC ?C?i Y?E?գIai Y?E?iեei?I I?eaooU?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA: ??OեI I. A?niեn?U?YA բnCգ???i?n I. ??E?YU?YA, ? NUaoeY ?. ?EaU?YC Nեi UC?eCY uni? UեI U?eA ?բ?Oi?I ?CY ?U? a??aoUYեnC, eiaoգaoUYեnC ? iեO?I?UaoUYեnC in?` UեinC, aoOO?a??C ? N?nA?a??C UCcaoYեnai a??aoU, aoOOaoU ? ??գniaoU ?CY Uaon?u?YaUaon ?եi?EC iեO?I?UaoUY ao iեO??naoUA: ??YianYեn i. ?բn?N?UU?YA, E. i?n??YU?YA, o. ICn?IaeU?YA, i. ?anեeU?YA I?i?naoU ?CY բեiaYU? ??O?EC iեO??naoUYեn, ?YNn?Aե?i iեOեnCo Nեe?oYaoU գanIեnCY E?Yգ?naO NaO?IaoUiեnA, uգYaoU IeaoYI?i?nCY ?Un?oYեEao ? ?Yc?iեEao ?iiaIeaoYIC ?aa?YYեnA: «???U?IYեnC» Uեc I?YգYեoiaoU, iեO??niaoU ? ?Un?oiaoU ?CY եnI?A բեiaYU? eUaoYեnA, iեO??niaoU ?CY NեI?YYեnA, ??niaoU ?CY IaOuC a?iեnA բեiaYU? e?ECIYեnai: ??nAեoYեEai i?IC i?n?IaoAUaoYA oեUեYiե ?Uaon ??O?Eai ? ?Un?oYեEai UCUU?Yo եe?IoU?Y I?nգai` ??IiaoU ?CY e?ECIYեnC ?n?YuYեnA oեUեYiC N?ei, ?Uaon ??O?Eai: Uaon?u?YaUaon eUaoY, NեI?Y, e?ECI iեO??nեEaoo ?aEiaoU ?n I?eaoUoC O?A, ei?YaoU Yan iեeu` I?nIեe Aե, ?CY?n?nYեnCY I?YaեEai Yan, ?iեEC ?n?գ ??E?i?YuC: OaiեYaoU ?n OUեeA: ?YNn?Aե?i ?n ??E?i?YuYեnC A??A ?EC ?iեE?oYեE, ?n?գ?oYեE ?neC ??E?i?YuYեnC ?i?niaoUA, anaեe?C OUեei? AYA?ouaoU ??E?i?YuYեnA i?niեn I?eaoUoYեnC YեneaoU, ?n? Nեi UC?eCY ?YNn?Aե?i ?n Ui?IեE OUեei? oniեnCo a??ia?YiեEao, ?nNեei?YaoYեn, ??E?i?eեYU?IYեn i?u?oYեEao U?eCY, N?nI?ian ?n OեeY?nIեE I?Ae?U?i?Y I?eaooU?Y ? cեeaooU?Y ?YoI?oYեEao ??E?i?YuYեnA: OեeY?nIiեoCY I?Ae?U?i?Y ?CY?n?n?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA, iեO?U?eեnCo ?e?YOY?oiեoCY N?U?a?i?eE?Y u?Y?Iai ?CY?n?nYեn I?Ae?U?i?Y ?CY?n?naoAU?Y in? ??E?iեEao N?U?n: ?UeiեO YanCo ?. ?EaU?YC «?եEaeaoe» UեuեY?Y eIeեo Cn iIniaoA I?Ae?U?i?Y NCUuեnA u?Y?եEao, ?iեEan? NaOեnA ? A??A?aoIYեnA Nեe?oYեEao N?U?n: I?Ae?U?iaoYA I?eaooiaoU ?n iեO?U?eC N?n?i-?n?եEU?Y U?eaoU, i?na?I?Y ?եYuC ? գEE?ian ?nNեei?YaoC ?n?եEU?Y U?eaoU: I?A?U?iaoYA I?eaooiaoU ?n 500 uU. i?n?IaoAU?Y in? 30X17 U., ?YUCc?aեe ?n?YCo 20-25 U. Nեe?ianaoAU?Uբ I?eaooiaoU ?CY i?eեE?YUaoAC, U??aoAC ? ?UE ?YNn?Aե?i YUaoAեnC N?U?n եnIao գեiY??an a?NեeiYեnA: I?i?niեoCY 150 EU. NaO?UCY ??E?i?YuYեn ? iեO??niեo 80 EU. բեiaY, a?iեnA ??niaoU ?CY iեO?I?Y N?ei u?nai, oեUեYiC ??O?Eai: I?IIA `18 U. yեnU?Yեnai ? եnI?A բեiaYU? aեI?AYեnai, iեn?C ?եniA` ???aoI I?IIai: I?Ae?U?i?YA iեO??niaoU ?n 3 ?NeեEC I?Ae?Yեn, Aei Y?E?գIեnC ?a?Naii?I ?n A?U?Y?I?ICo բaEan ?YNn?Aե?i e?nu?ianaoUYեnai ? բaEan iեe?IC N?I?Nn?եN?UCY, e?YCi?n?I?Y ? ?UE IեYo?OC a?UU?YYեnai: I?Ae?U?i?Y ? a?NեeiYեnC ?CY?n?n?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA, NCUuեnA EoYեEaoo, բեiaYU? oaIaEYեnC a?iեnA I?YգYեoYեEaoo Nեia` eIeiեo eCAUCI I?nգai բ?nOn?Y?E I?eaoUoA: I?Ae?U?iaoYA I?eaooiեo ? N?YOYiեo ??N?գanIU?Y 1971 A. YaUեUբեnCY: iեO?ianiեoCY e?YiեEYCI?I?Y բaEan e?nu?ianaoUYեnA, CeI UCYa? ?U?, IեYinaY?oi?I ?iiaբ???UC գn?eեYU?IYեnA, ?eN?e?n?I iեO?U?eեnA i?u?oiaoU ?CY i?na?I?Y ?եYuC Uai iեO??ni?I ?aun I?Ae?UCIai: I?eaooiեo ? ?anO?nIaoUYեnCo Nեia ??N?գanIU?Y N?YOYiեo ?EեIin?I?U?YA, 1 IU. եnI?naoAUaoY aoYեoaO E?nեnC UCcaoai eYaooaoU ?n ei?YaoU Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YC ?EեIin?I?U?YCo: ?iiaբ???UC iեO?U?eC aane ?CY iեO??niեoCY UC u?YC Eaoe?nO?IYեn, anaYu գC?եnA Eaoe?iani?I եY a?NaoU բ???UC ?UբaOc iեO?U?eA ? UC ?e?YOY?N?iaoI iեeu i?ECe ?n?Y: ????UaoU iեO??ni?I I?eaoUoYեnaoU ?YoI?oi?I Eaoe?nO?IYեnA ? eUaoYեnC in? iեO??ni?I E?UaեnC EaoUeեnA ?UY ia?ianaoAUaoYY եY AaOYaoU, I?nIեe ?U?iեO I?eaooi?I ? UC ?aun UCIna?nc?Y: U?E?a?in?ei?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեn ?CY գYaoU I?eaooեEao ?iiaU?eեnC iեn?YanaգU?Y ?ni??n?U?eC եnIao a?NեeiYեn, 8 N?. ?iiaբaueեnC ??nբY?Yao ? ?UE uA?Y??I ?ni??n?U?eեnC N?U?n: ?CY?n?naoAUaoYA ?UYaCeC UեI I?i?E ?n AY?aoYեE, an բaEan I?eaooiaO iեO?U?eեnaoU eCAUCI I?nգai ?e?c ?CY AYA?YaoU բaEan iեe?IC ??E?i?YuYեnA: ??YianYեnC, U?eY?գեiYեnC` Aei ??E?i?YuC ei?o?I ??E?i?i?nOA գaN?oaooCa ?n ? ?CY?n?nYեnA ??i գaN ?CY CnեYo i?nO?iiaoAUaoYCo: I?eaooiեo a?N?I?iaoYA, ?Ceaեiaեn?I?Y IեiC eեYU?IA, iեO??niեoCY եnI?Aե ??n?a?eYեnA, ?iiaUեuեY?YեnC UaoiuY ao եEuA I?YaY?ianiեoCY Aei I?nգC ao a?N?YcC: ?CY?n?n?I?Y I?eaoUoYեnA UCYa? 1971 A. ?anCE-U?UCe ?UCeA 80-90 iaIaeai ?i?niiեoCY ? ??N?գanIU?Y N?YOYiեoCY` CnեYo E?i ao բ?i?n?n գY?N?i?I?YYեnai, CeI ?iiaբ???UC ?iiain?YeaaniY ao i?nբեn iեe?IC UեE?YC??oC?YեnY ?YAY?Uեc ?iեE?YaoU ?CY ao ?iեE?YaoU: ????Y ?n?եY ??i ?n UեI?oեE ? UեI?YaoU ao UեI?YaoU ?n: ????UaoU ?n?եY I?nեEC ?n N??iեE 200-250 i?nբեn U?IYC?C ?iiaUեuեY?Yեn: ?CY?n?naoAU?Y ?U? բ??U???Y ??E?i?YuYեnA UaiեYaoU ?CY ?i?niCY, ? ana?aoU Ccեoiեo ?iiaբ???UC I?Yգ?eU?Y Nn?a?n?IA 2.5 N?. ?ey?Ei?a?iեE, NCUu aoYեY?Eai բեiaYU? e?ECIYեnai ?Uaon e?E?a?iIi?I i?n?IaoAUaoYA: ?I?Y N?U?a?i?eE?Y U?eY?գեiYեn, OեI?i?naoAU?Y UCc?UiaoAU?Uբ ? ?iiaբ???UC ?CnեIian ?. O?A?aeU?YC uգYaoAU?Uբ I??U?Iեnaiեo ?ey?EiC ?e?uaoUA ? եnI?եniU? ?ey?Ei?a?iaoUA, in?U??ni?I CYuY?A?? ?iiaUեuեY?Yեnai ?n??YC ?ey?EiC գanI?n?YCo ?YAY?N?i iեO??aEaoU ?CY ?ey?EiA, CeI U?eY?գեiYեnA N?U?a?i?eE?Y I?nգai ?eaoU ? N?nAեoYaoU ?CY ?UY: ԳեOեoCI ?n ?iiaբ???UC iեO?U?eA e?I?UY ?ey?Ei?a?iaoUCo Nեia ?UY ?iեEC գեOեoI?o?i, ei?o?i IaI, U?uaon ? Nn?aaonCa iեeu: ??oC ?iiaբ???UC I?Yգ?eU?Y Nn?a?n?ICo, ?ey?Ei?a?iiեo Y?? բ???UCo ?aone եIaO ? IեYinaY?I?Y E?aoOaoY UC?oaO ?iia??Y?a?nNA` 16 U. E?UYaoAU?Uբ: O?Y?a?nNC եnIao IaOUեnaoU iեO??niեoCY UեI i?eեnai գni?I ?ueaaY?iYեn, anaYu բ???UCo ?aone եIaO i?nan?YեnCY U?OAaoU եY «բ?nC ??Y?a?nN», CeI բ??? UiYaOYեnCY` «բ?nC iեn???nO»: ?U? ??Y?a?nNCY ICo iեO??ni?I բեiaYC ??O?EU?Y o?YoA u?Y?iեo, u?YC an ?CY?n?naoAUaoYA iեnc?oYեEaoo Nեia ?n? I?nCuA a?n ?գ?oiaoU, CeI ?n? ?aE?nեY` 500 uU. i?n?IaoAU?Y in? N?nAեoiեo ? I?eaooiեo ?aun I?Yգ?eU?Y Nn?a?n?I, ?UY ?e ?ey?Ei?a?iiեo ? iեO??niեo գեOեoCI, o?InCI o?YI?a?i, aniեO ?UAU I?Yգ եY ?eYaoU բ???UC I?e?UaO?I?Y ? բ?Y. I?e?UaOYեnC U?n??i?n ?iiaUեuեY?YեnA: ?UeaCeai 1969 A. U?ni ?UeCo UCYa? 1972 A. NaoECe-uգaeiae ?UCeYեnCY ?eee ԳaoO ?CY. UCYCeinaoAU?Y OեI?i?nYեnA` UCYCein Գ. U. I?YեoU?YA, ?O?-C OեI?i?nYեnA` aեi. i. ?. aCբaoEaU?YA, ?iiaբ???UC ?CnեIian ?. ?. O?A?aeU?YA, ??OեI. I. A?niեn?U?YA, բnCգ???i?n I. ??E?YU?YA, UեE?YC??ianYեn, բեeY?i?n ?iiaUեuեY?YեnC i?nan?Yեn ??O?CI ICn?IaeU?Y, e. e?O?AեEU?Y, ?iiaIeaoYI?i?nYեn A. Գ?բnCեEU?Y, e. O?nIaeU?Y, բaoE?ao?եn?i?nYեn O. ?aieե?U?Y, a. OY?o?I?YU?Y, «?եEaeaoe» U?IYC?C ?IeI?i?ian?i?n, NUaoeY ? եe?IoaO ?. ?EaU?Y, NUaoeYեn ?. aaOaeU?Y, Գ. e?N?IU?Y, anUY??CnYեn e. ??O??e?nU?Y, i. O?aI?EU?Y, ?. ??IaբU?Y, i. ??Uբ?nOaoUU?Y, բեiaY?գanI բ?YianYեn, N?UnեY???nOYեn ?n?U AanCIU?Y, i. ?բn?N?UU?Y, ??nբCY ?. Գ?բnCեEU?Y, ?CY?n?naoAU?Y i?nբեn ??I?iYեnaoU ??E?iaO բ?YianYեn ?. O?niCnaeU?Y, E. O?nգ?nU?Y, i. ICn?IaeU?Y, e. ԳaoUaoUcU?Y, O. e?y?nU?Y ? ??i ao ??i aonC?Yեn: IեYinaY?oi?I ?iiaբ???UC ??E?i?YuYեnC E?UY I?i?EU?Y, բ???UC i?naOaoAUaoYA ?eiC??Y?բ?n UեI?Y?Eao, ??Yn?aեiaoAU?Y ?nc?YYեnaoU ?iiaբ???Yեn I??U?IեnaեEao ?YNn?Aե?iaoAU?Y I?a?IoaoAU?Uբ ? ??U?ei?YC UCYCeinYեnC EanNn?C ana?U?Y N?U?O?UY` 1978 A. NaoYi?n ?UeCY eiեOIiեo ?eee գUaoO?CY. UCYCeinaoAU?Y ?iiainեei, anA iեO?ianiեo IեYinaY?I?Y ?iiaբ???UaoU I?eaooi?I i?na?I?Y ?եYuaoU: ?n E?i ?ne?anU?Y, ?iiain?YeaaniC ??E?i?YuYեnC E?i I??U?IեnaU?Y, aեiaoAU?Y IaOUCo ?iiaբ???UC in? ?ni?I ?e?c??n?YuYեnA, aE?YYեnC ?UեY i?nC A?U?Y?ICY I?i?nեEao ? գեn?I?i?nեEao, UC?YaoUY A?U?Y?I ?CY?n?naoAU?Y ??E?i?YuYեnC in? oaoo?բեn?I E?i Naգ?i?naoAU?Y, ?c?IoaoAU?Y, iեn?NeIaOaoAU?Y N?U?n, iեn???e OեI?i?naoAU?Y ana?U?Y N?U?O?UY ?eee գUaoO?CY. UCYCeinaoAU?Y ?iiainեeiC I?e?i?nCa Y??Y?Iiեo, Y?EICYaoU IեYinaY?oi?I ?iiaբ???UC ?CnեIian ?n?Yi ?OC???nC O?A?aeU?YA, ?N? E?i ??E?i?YuC E?i aiaoOA: ??U?ei?YC գUaoO?CY. UCYCeinaoAU?Y ?iiainեeiC I??UC Uեc eIe?I 1978 A. UCYa? ?Ueun` 1983 A. N?Yn?aեiaoAU?Y i?nբեn ?nc?YYեnaoU AY?գnIi?I եY 12 ?iiaբ???Yեn, ?aonc 2000 i?nբեn U?IYC?C ?iiaUեuեY?Yեnai, anaYu ?UեY i?nC I?i?naoU եY ? գեn?I?i?naoU aեiaoAU?Y IaOUCo ?e?c?nIi?I aE?YYեnA: ?Yaaեe ?UեY i?nC, ?UYaեe ?E 1982 A. ?ni??n?I?Y i?naoU inեeiA Cn in? ?ni?I aE?YYեnA I?i?nեo ICEaUեinYեnai 108,4 iaIae, CeI ?aE??ni?I բեeYեnC iaY?AYեnai` ?iiainեeiC I??UC Uեc AY?գnIi?I 12 ?iiaբ???Yեn 1982 A. CnեYo in? ?ni?I ??E?i?Yu?UCY aE?YYեnA I?i?nեoCY Aei YեnuaNC?U?E ?OUaoe?IaoU բեni?I iiU?EYեnC:

?iiaբ???YեnA? 1. ?cUC?ICY 19.000.000, 0,916 000 2. ??i?n?I 43.400. 000, 1, 536 000 3. ICnai?I?Y 30.500.000, 0,952 500 4. ?EaonU?Y 36.000.000, 1,110 100 5. ?ni???i 32.300.000, 1,333 700 6. eCeU?Y 15.900.000, 0,449 800 7. O?niaoYC 19.300.000, 0,516 300 8. ?aIiեUբեnU?Y 19.700.000, 1,412 400 9. ??i?n?I 12.400.000, 0,333 200 10. A?ECY 30.200.000, 1,420 700 11. IեYinaY?I?Y ?iiaբ??? 25.000.000, 0,571 700 12. ?cUC?ICY 13.800.000, 0,307 700 AY??UեYA? 298100000 97000000 iaIaeai 108,4 122,2 ?iiainեeiC I?e?i?nCa? ?. ?. O?A?aeU?Y գEE?ian CYACեYեn? ?. i?YU?Y ??N. բ?AYC i?nCa? E. ?aiN?YYCeU?Y գnC ?e?i? I. A?niեn?U?Y 30.03.83 A. e??Գ?e Գ??Գa?? ?ao??UU?U ???aOaoAUaoUU?? Ua? E?????? ?i?U? O?e?U

Oեn AYi?YCuA` UCYa? Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YC I?eaooU?Y U?eY?IoեEaoY, ?anaoU ?n ?n??YC IaY? A?O?U?eaoU: ?U N?UnA` ԳnCգan ?ao??YU?YA, EeեEai, an ?n??YC ?nc?I?UuaoU I?eaooiեEao ? Uan-E?nբեn? ?YaoYai ?i?Y ? CU?Y?Eai I?eaooiեEao i?UnA, 1928 A. ?n??YC IaY? A?O?U?eCo iեO??aEiaoU ? AYi?YCuai A??? գUaoO? ?UAU ?UYA?? գUaoOA? i?nOai UY?Eai UCYa? ?e?cCY ?եYuC I?eaooiեEA: i?nOai UY?Eai I?n?aեiC i?YA, anCY ?UY A?U?Y?I U?I?YaoYai «OեeեE aoiaO» ?CY ?eaoU ?UY a?i??eai, an ?U? A?U?Y?I A??? գUaoOaoU UC U?n? ?n U?N?oեE ? Yn? NaգեN?oA i?Eao A?U?Y?I բեnaoU ? i?ECe ? E??E?U? ? Uեn i?Y iեnA, aniեO UեYu բY?IiaoU ?CYu? A???գUaoOaoU Y? ?E ?n գiYiaoU ?U?iեO ?, anA U?eY?IoaoU ?n ?U? NaգեN?o aoiեEaoY, Y? ?eaoU ?. « ?e ?U? ե??I UCeA aեU aoiC», ? ?U? A?U?Y?Ii?YCo Yn? AYIեnYեnA I?i?Iai Yn?Y ?Yi?YaoU եY UեeեE aoiaO: Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YA I?eaooեEao A?U?Y?I եe 4 i?nեI?Y ?C ? E?i եU NC?aoU Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YC ?e?cCY ?CY?n?n?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA: ?UY i?UnA, aniեO գYaoU ?CY ?CY?n?n?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA, I?eaooi?I ?n i?Ei?IYեnCo UC iY?I? ?CYգanICuYեnC ? ?UE ?CY?n?n?I?Y ?e?nI?YեnC N?U?n: ?U a?iIեn?oaoUYեnaoU UCYa? ?UAU ?E եe ??i E?i NC?aoU եU ?n??YCo ?եaC O?U?nEao (?UAU ?ni???i) OգiaO E?aoOCY, anA CnեYCo YեnI?U?oYaoU ?n 3 U. E?UYaoAU?Uբ EC?ai Eoi?I UC ??Y?a?nN ? NC?aoU եU ??Y?a?nNC in? ??E?iaO բ?YianYեnCY, anaYu aoYեCY CnեYo Nեi ?aun Uaon?եn? u?nեnA c?n?եEao N?U?n? ?e? ?aun 4 i?nեI?Y եnեE?, UC?i գ?ECe I?YգYaoU ?C Yn?Yo Uai ? Y?UaoU Yn?Yo I?i?n?I գanICY, Yn?Yu CU NC?aOaoAU?Uբ IECYեCY Uai?ian?aեe 30-40 բ?Yian, anaYu CnեYo Nեi aoYեCY IianCo a?in?eii?I բ?n?I բ?nOC YU?Y UC բ?Y, an ?YaoU ?CY գեiYCY ? YeiaoU in?Y Uai?I? u?nեnA N?i?uaoU, ?UY A?U?Y?I E?aoOao Uai?I?UuaoU ECuY ?n? Uai?ian?aեe 1-3 Iգ. u??ai IEan u?nեn ? ?U? u?nեnA Uaon?ai c?n?aoU ?CY ? ??nOYaoU EC? ? IaEaYaoU: Aե CYau?Y ?n Yn?Yo a??A, եe N?ei?i aգCiեU, UC?UY ?UY եU CU?YaoU, an Iain?I ?UեY UեIC IaEaYA IECYեn Uai?ian?aեe 50-60 Iգ. ? Yn?Yo OեI?i?nA Y?UaoU ?n ? գnaoU ? գanIA iեnc?oYեEai` բaEanA iեn ?CY IեYaoU ? iեnoYaoU CnեYo ?U? բ?nOCIYեnA ? Uaon?եnA ao գYaoU: Գ?ECe ?CY N?can? բ?YianYեnA ? ?U? IaEaY EC?եnA EoYaoU, oinaoU E?aoOao in?, ?UYaoNեi? գ?ECe ?n I?iaIai UեuեY?Y ?U? E?C in?Uai գY?E գ?Eai N?nAեoYaoU ?n ? a?in?eiaoU E?aoOCY: ?U? E?aoOai ?UY A?U?Y?I ?YoYaoU ?CY ե?YեnC e?UEեnA ? OC?e?UEեnA ? aoOiեnC u?n?i?YYեnA, anaYo i?եnCo I?E?I ?n ??Yգ?I, aoOiեnA գY?ECe ??Yգ ?n ?e?c?YaoU, ?e?cCY aoOiC in? Yei?I ?n aoOi?iեnA, CeI UUaoeYեnC in? բեeYեnY ?CY: Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YC I?eaooU?Y i?UnA CnեYCo YեnI?U?oYaoU ?n ICe??Y?a?i, anA Iinii?I ?n ?aun Oan?IYեnai, aniեO aa caon I?n, aa ?E I?eեn, UC?UY I?UCY UC u?YC բaoe?iեe?IYեn? I?a?n, U?i??Y, e?aaYC Eai (UեYu ?U?aեe ?CYu ?Yi?YaoU), anC CeI?I?Y ?YaoYA UCYa? ?UAU ?E aեU CU?YaoU ? UC u?YC ?UE Eai?iեe?IYեn, anA ?UAU N?U?nU? Aե uCa ? N?Y?CaaoU: ?U? ICe??Y?a?i i?n?IaoAUaoYA, anA IaaiaoU ?n Oeեn, ?UY A?U?Y?I Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YC I?eaooU?Y i?UnCo i?n?IiaoU ?n ?եaC ?n??YC aoOOaoAU?Uբ, գYaoU, N?eYaoU ?UAUi? I?U?n?YC, IaUeaUaEC a?nIai (Y?EICY AaEU?E գUaEai), e?nC A?Oai, Nեeaoei?oaoUoC ??i?n?IC iեOai, O?n??ai, UanuC ??Yգi?Iai ? ?Ueaեe ??naoY?IiեEai ?U? ICe??Y?a?iA, aOc?բեn?ai գYaoU N?eYaoU NեeaoYեnA, CeI ?եaC O?U?nEao E?aoOaoY ?aoգ?Nեe` UCYa? O?nU?n??եY (Y?EICYaoU ?E???Eao): O?nU?n??եYC iեn?ai գYaoU NեeaoYեnA: IեY??Y?I?Y ??E?nNA ?auC ?n AYIYaoU N?iI?aեe uOեnai, aniեO ?UեY u?UE??aECY N?Y?CaaoU ?CYu AaoY?ian uOեnC, ԳUaon?? ? ?UE iեe?IC uOեnC ? UaOեeYեnC, ?OiեeYեnC ? ?UE AeaY?iեe?IYեnC, anaYo ?UAU N?U?nU? Aե uCa եU N?Y?CaaoU: 1930 A. ?եini?n ?Uei? AYA?ouaoU UեYu 4 AYi?YCuYեnai A???գUaoOCo (?UYA??) iեO??aEiaoU եYu Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YC Yan?I?eaoUo ?e?cCY ?եYuA բY?IiեEao: OUեeA ?U? i?nC UեOU ?n ? ?e?Yo ?Ai?naoAU?Y ?YoI?onCYu ?U?iեO: eI?բY?I?Y ?nc?YaoU Uai 1 IU. i?n?IaoAUaoYCo ?aoUEեnai caon ?CYu բեnaoU Uեn IեYo?O?UCY I?nCuYեnC N?U?n: ?U? 4 AYi?YCuYեnY ?CY?

1. ?ao??YU?Y ԳnCգan I?n?aեiC: ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC Iaiu գUaoOCo, anA 1915 A. Aaonu?I?Y I?e?i?naoAUaoYA EnCi բY?cYcեE ?n iեOC բY?ICaYեnCY, anA գiYiaoU ?n Y??Y?ian Iaiu E?C ??CY, Uեneեe ?YanN?Eao IYY??i?UnaoU, aniեO գiYiaoU ? UC IO?C, anA ?U?aեe ?E ?Yi?YaoU եY: 2. OIniaU?Y E?a?iaon, anCY ?Yi?YaoU ?CYu (E?a?Uao), anA ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC EaoUEao գUaoOCo ?n, aoYեn եnIao iO?: 3. OեIA OIniaU?Y ??naoAUaoY E?a?iaonC, anA ?UaoeY?o?I ? ? I??UaoU ? ?e?YOCY AYi?YCu, CeI UUaoe iO?Y ?UY A?U?Y?I ?UaonC ?n` OIniCa OIniaU?Y ? ?anaoU ?n Nan? OIniaU?Y E?a?iaonC Nեi:

4. aannan? բY?ICaY ?n uN?YU?Y E?aCIA, anA YaoUYaեe ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC E?nբեn? Y?N?YգC EaoUEao գUaoOCo ?n: ?UY A?U?Y?I Yn? AYi?YCuA բ?OI?o?I ?n 4 ?YaCo` ?UaoeCYYեnA ? UC iO?, UC ?OcCI` uN?YU?Y ?e?iaon ? uN?YU?Y ?ECe?: UaoUYaեe Uեn AYi?YCuA, anA բ?OI?o?I ?n ?UY A?U?Y?I 5 ?YaCo, CU N?UnA` ?ao??YU?Y ԳnCգanA, U?Une` ???UU?Y i?n?aoNCY (O?nA?), եe` ?ao??YU?Y e?nգCe, uaoUne` ?ao??YU?Y ??eUCIA, ? ?ao??YU?Y eեnaբ ? 1930 A. ?e?cCY ?Yգ?U Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YaoU IYiaoU ? ?e?cCY բY?ICaA, anA CU uaoUnY ?, anA գniaoU ? CU a?aC ??գ?YaoYai` I?n?aեiU?Y ?Y?NCi: ?e?cCY ?եYuA ??N?գanIU?Y N?YOYեEaoo Nեia, aniեO ?եYuC UC U?eA I??UaoU ?n Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YC գn?eեYU?IA ? uA?Y??I iYiեeaoAUaoYYեnA ao a?NեeiA: ?UY A?U?Y?I ?U? 4 AYi?YCuYեnA CnեYoCo YեnI?U?oYaoU ?CY ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YC E?nբեn?C UC ?aun N?ii?IA` Cn բaEan eaianaoAUaoYYեnai: uni? ??E?i?YuA (?U? A?U?Y?I ??E?iaoU ?CY 2-n? ?եYuC NCUuC in?) iեnc?oYեEaoo Nեia N?i?uiaoU ?CY CnեYo eaianaoAU?Y N?U?O?UY E?a?iaon OIniaU?YC (E?a?UaoC) eեYU?IA ? eIeaoU ?CY a?iUեE ??E?nNaoU iեOC aoYեo?I ?Y?n??n?oC գanIեnC U?eCY, anA iեn?բեniaoU ?n CnեYo IYY??i?UnCY, E?nբեn?CY, aniեO iեOC ?n aoYեoեE ??E?nNaoU ?e?cCY ?YU?n?I?UCY UC N?Yo?գanIaoAUaoY? N?UեnC oեO?ea?YaoAUaoYA ? eIeaoU ?CY iեnEaoIեE I?i?ni?IA ? գiYaoU ?CY, an N?UեnCY aa au a?n a??ia?Y I?YգYaoU, ??i iC?եEai գ?ECe ?CY ?UY ե?n?I?oaoAU?YA, an ?EC N?UC UC?I a??ia?YA eaoeY ?: o?O?u?I?Y N?noեnCo ?YoYaoU ?CY IեYo?O?UCY ? iYiեe?I?Y N?noեnC ao eIeaoU ?CY Ui?բեnեE, Aե ?UAU CnեYo եnInaoU գ?naoYY ? բ?oiaoU, an եAե ?U? ?Y?n??naoAUaoYA aECYեn, Yn?Yu CnեYo ??գ ao բ?nեI?UaoAU?Y Nեi CYaai ?բ?Oi?I IECYեCY, N?iI?aեe EaeaoU ?CY ? a?iIեn?oYaoU ?UYiեOC գ?nY?Y?UCY iեe?n?YYեnA ? CYaaեe ?UեY au Cn aoYեo?I iYiեeaoAUaoYY CYaaեe ?n i?naoU ? ??eaeaoU ?CY, an ?U? ?UեYA i?IY ao in? եO?i ? Yn?YoCo UY?oCY ?e?YOCY բեIanYեn, ?U? ?E iեnc?oYեEaoo Nեia ?eaoU ?CY, an aեiu a? AYI?iեE, IU?YuA aեiu ? ??naoY?IiC Yan O?ai ao eIeaoU ?CY EaeեE Yan I?eaooiaO ?Ue ?i?YC U?eCY, anA AY??UեYA UC ?եYu ?n I?eaooiեE, an II?eaooեYu Uեn NCY E?nբեn?C NC??i?IA aեYu IanoYC, II?eaooեYu ?i?YA, Nեia ?E UեI?Y?Eai` ?UY I??eY? u?O?u ? Iգn?iC Cn Y?EICY E?nբեn?C ?YaoYA ? Cn բaEan eaianaoUAYեnai ao oini?I բaEan E?nբեn?oCYեnA IN?i?uiեY UC iեO ? ?n?Yai aգ?aniեEai` UեIA UUaoeCY ?eaoU ?CY. «OC բ?Y եnգեYu aon?E?Y?Yu»: E?a?iaon OIniaU?YC iO?Y` ??naoAUaoY OIniaU?YA` aoYեn UC IE?nYեi ? eIeaoU ?n Yi?գեE CnեYo եnInC եnգեnCo ? UUaoeYեnY ?E eIeaoU ?CY a?nեE, UեciեO ?CY Nn?iCnaoU I?Y?Yo ? եnեE?YեnCY ? ?Ueaեe ??naoY?IiaoU ?n ? գYaoU ?CYu uYեEao: ?i ?Ueaեe ?Ue ICe??Y?a?i i?UnC ?U? UC ?եYuaoU IU?YuA eIeaoU ?n ?e?c??CUեE? ?U? 4 AYi?YCuYեnCY ? գ?ECe, UC?YaoU ? A???գUaoOCo ?Cբn?CE ?YaoYai UC U?n? ? ECYaoU եY 5 NaգC ? ??naoY?IaoU ?CY?n?n?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA` եnեIaYեnA ? ??բ?A ao ICn?IC unեnA IU?YuA ?iեEC ?aE բYaoUA ? AY?aoYaoU, eIeaoU եY A???գUaoOCo բեnեE A?nU UCe ? գCYC ? I??U?IեnaaoU EYcaoUuYեn, anCY ?n?եY U?eY?ICo ? ECYaoU ?Cբn?CEA ? aգ?aniեEai ?eaoU եY CU NanA, anA UC?I ?CYian?I?YY ? ? U?eY?IoեE oեeao ? ?Y?n?YCIC Nեi I?U?ian?I?Y IeCiYեnCY ? Y? a?iUaoU ? I?U?ianYեnC I?i?n?I u?c?գanIaoAUaoYYեnCo, Aե CYaaեe CYuA ?OU-aoU ??E?iեEao A?U?Y?I, եnբ EaonA բեnaoU եY, an Aaonu?I?Y I?e?i?naoAUaoYA CYaaեe aa U?n?I?UCY O?ai IaianեE ? CnեYo IYaOYեnCY ? ??գ?I?YYեnCY, ? ?U? A?U?Y?I I??U?IեnaiaoU եY I?U?ian?I?Y գY?եn ? i?n?IiaoU ?UeaCeC UC ?ei?Iu, an ?YIaOYaoU U?N?Y?EA ?? N?U?niaoU ? N?Yo?գanIaoAUaoY ? Iaa ? ?niaoU, an aեiu ? I?U?ian գniեE ? U?N?Y?E UC?UY IeiC ???iaoU` A?Y?Uao ?եU U?niYaեEai: ?i CU N?UnA eIeaoU ? եnգեE ? E?i ?E O?UY aoYեn, եnգaoU ?n I?U?ian?I?Y եnգեnCo, anCo եe UC?UY ?e?YOCY բ?eեn եU NC?aoU, unCY?I uեeao եnIեnCo, an N?Uao a??ia?Y oեeCY Ui?i գեnե?U?Y, I?U ?E Aե` OUեeY ?Yo?i գ?naoY ? ?n?եY, I?U ?E Aե` eaoEA?YC ?auCo ?ni?eaou eaO?o ? I?U?ian?I?Y ?UE եnգեn: Uan-E?nբեn? I?eaooaO ?U? 5 Naգao UiեnU?I?Y ?nc?Y?IA ?n?եY E?UY ?nc?Y ? eIeaoU AUբeYեE, eIeaoU եY գY?E ?UY A?U?Y?I ?n????Y գեiCo OaoI բեnaoU ? u?O?uCo Yan U?n?CI եY ?e?c գ?ECe ? U?eY?IoaoU ?U? IեnaoEaoUCY: unCY?I` O?O?u ?YaoYai UեIA I?n, anA բ?nOn O?UY aoYեn ? ?UY A?U?Y?I ?n??Y Uan-E?nբեn? E?aoOCY N?U?nU? Aե N??i??եa ?n in?Yeaani ??E?iaoU ? U?n?CI aiuai ?CY գYaoU ? գ?ECe u?O?uCo: ?U? O?O?u ?YaoYai U?n?A, եnբ UեY?I եnեIaU?Y գ?ECe ?n Uan-E?nբեn?` U?eY?IoեEao ?U? IեnaoEaoUCY, ??Y?a?nNCY ?UYu?Y բ?nOn ?n եnգaoU, an NեeiCo Yn? O?UYA EeaoU ?CY ? ?eaoU, an O?O?uA գ?ECe ?: ?eiC??Y?բ?n Uan-E?nբեn?C բY?IaaoAUaoYA eIeaoU ? ??i?Y?E ? գ?ECe ? oեUեU?Y U??YA Cn an?CYեnai, anCo UեIA ?UaoeY?o?I oեUեU?Y ?iեiCeA, O?ni?nU?Y ?CnCYA, O?nCբU?Y ??iCAA, ??IaբU?Y ?n?UA, OCY?eU?Y e?nգCeA, ????U?Y ??neեOA ? ?UEY: eIeaoU եY Ui?IեE Uan-E?nբեn? caon բեnեEao U?eCY, u?YC an ?CY?n?naoAUaoYA ?U? A?U?Y?I i?I?eYեnai բեn?I cnեnai ?CY I?i?naoU, anA ? uգi?գanIaoU ?CY ? IեYo?O?UCY I?nCuYեnC N?U?n, ? Aե ?CY?n?naoAU?Y: ?CY?n?naoAU?Y N?U?n caon բեnեEA N?YOY?n?naoU եY ?Cբn?CECY, anA UեI ?Ai?naoAU?Uբ I?naO?YaoU ? գEaoE բեnեE, anC eIC?բA eIeaoU ? Y?EICY UeC IaUբCY?iC UaiCo ? Uan?գ?iAC iեn?ai, YեnI?UCe cեnU??EեIin?I?U?YC iեOai ? 7 I?UaoncYեnai, Y?iեnai` iեnc?aեe N?eoiaoU Uan-E?nբեn?: aUae?Y?U ?eեE, an UեYu CYaaեe, an iեO??aEiեoCYu ?n??YC IaY? A?O?U?eCo A???գUaoO բY?IiեEao, YaoUYaեe ?E UY?o?I 3 AYi?YCuYեnA?

1. OIniaU?Y E?a?iaonA` Cn եnIao iO?Yեnai iեO??aEiեo A???գUaoO ? բY?IiaoU ?n i?nOai ?aOCIեYo i?YA: 2. uN?YU?Y E?a?iaonA` YaoUYaեe iեO??aEiaoU ? ?n??YCo A???գUaoO U??եnեYo iaoYA i?nOai: UanCo ?iեE?YaoU ? Uan-E?nբեn?C բY?IaaoAUaoY: Գ?ECe եY U?c?nU?Y I?n?aեiA, ԳaoUaoUcU?Y Գ?anգA, OIniaU?Y e?nգCeA ? բY?IiaoU 2-n? ?i?nii?I ?եYuaoU ? 3-n? ?եYuaoU ? eIeaoU բY?IaoAUaoY N?ei?iեE i?n???nU?Y i?n???nA ? OaoUcU?Y ICn?IaeA` ?aoY?ei?YCo, 1933 A. ?n?aoU?YU?Y aեinaeA` un?YeC?UCo Cn 2 ?YեnO?գեnai: iեnaNC?U?E բY?ICaYեnA ??E?iaoU ?CY ? eaiEa?aoU, ? Uan-E?nբեn?C ?CY?n?naoAUaoYaoU: 1932 A. ACi 5 eaiEa?A ECIiC??oC?UC եYA?nIiեo ? UC?oiեo Uan-E?nբեn?CY: eaiEa?A գiYiaoU ?n Uan-E?nբեn?C NaO?U?eC Uեc: 1933 A. eIeiեo Uan-E?nբեn?C ACi 1 ?anaoC ?CY?n?naoAUaoYA: 1934 A. oեUեU?Y U??YC iO?Y` ?iեiCe oեUեU?YA, anA եIեE ?n In?eYa??nCo, CU Nan Nեi AYIեnaoAUaoY ?n ?YaoU ? Y? aեU CU?YaoU, CYa a?i??eYեnai I??U?IեnaaoU եY ? Uեn AYi?YCuA ? oեUեU?Y ?iեiCeC AYi?YCuA գYaoU եY In?eYa??n եnIn?U?eC InCUeI?U? u?O?uA: ?UYiեO iեO??aEiեEai, aեU CU?YaoU` Aե N?nU?n գanI aեY գiYaoU, Aե CYa a?i??eYեnai, Uեn AYi?YCuA iեO??aEiaoU ? UaiaeaeCeI Y?i?N?YգCeiA ? N?Une ??E?iaoU ? Uեi?EaonգC?I?Y գanI?n?YaoU: OեI OUեe ?YoI?oYեEai` ?UYiեO N?Une I?YaA?YaoU ? N?U?գUaoO?oC UC u?YC N?UեnC Nեi ? Nane ?eaoU եY, an InCUeI?U? u?O?uC i?nCYCIaieI?U? ?nc?YaoU UC N?UI?I?Y Eaoin ? I?eaooiեE. «AaO գanI?` ?nC Uեn Uai` ? UեYu iեO??aEiaoU եYu i?nCYCIaieI?UC ?nc?YC Eaoian i?Y: ?U?iեO 1936 A. U?N?YaoU ? CU U?UnA, ? Uեn AYi?YCuA AYIYaoU ? I?Yn ?naoAU?Y Uեc: 1936 A. N?Une eiCai?I, Uեn 4 եnեE?YեnCY a?NեEao N?U?n, 2-n? ?Yգ?U ?UaoeY?YaoU ? i?n??Yao? ??u?nU?YC Nեi, anA YaoUYaեe aoYեn 2 եnեE?, ?UeaCeai Uեn Yan AYi?YCuA ??eYaoU ? բ??U?Y??U: ??Une ? Yan U?Une` 6 եnեE?Yեnai, anCo 4-A` ?e?cCY IYacCo, եnIaoeA` YanCo.

1. ?ao??YU?Y e?nգCe 2. ?ao??YU?Y ??eUCI 3. ?ao??YU?Y eեnaբ 4. I?n?aեiU?Y ?Y?NCi, (?niեE ? CU a?aCIC ?YaoYai) 5. ??u?nU?Y ??UI?Yao? 6. ??u?nU?Y i?neեYCI 1938 A. IYiեo CU uaoUnA Yan UanCo. C NC??i?I Uեn ??գ?Yi?Y` N?Une Yn? ?YaoYA ?YaoU ? ?ao??YCI ? գniaoU ? ?ao??YU?Y ?ao??YCI, 1939 A. N?Une ?գ?Eai Cn I?i?n?I eE?EA, ?eaoU ?, an CYa գYai ?E ECYC եe aեiu ? գY?U eaiեi?I?Y ??U?ei?Y Uan-E?nբեn? ? UեYu YanCo iեO??aEiaoU եYu Uan-E?nբեn?, գ?Eai Uan-E?nբեn? UեYu YI?iaoU եYu, an ??i ?a?aEaoAUaoYYեn ? iեOC aoYեoեE, an ??N?գanIU?Y ? ?YoեE Uan-E?nբեn?C ACi 1 ?anaoA, aniեO ?UY A?U?Y?I 3 գUaoOCo` A???գUaoOCo, ?E?U??EaoCo ? Uan-E?nբեn?Co եnեE?YեnA eaianaoU ?CY ?U? ?anaoaoU ? UեI N?Uբ?i aoYեn: Oեn AYi?YCuA eaoe?ei?Y UեIYեEao AYA?ouaoU` 1936 A. un?YeC?UCo YanCo Yեnգ?OAaoU եY 20-25 AYi?YCu E?nբեn?oCYեn: ??Une eIeaoU ? ??E?iեE Yan I??U?Iեnai?I IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYaoU: 1940 A. IYiaoU ? CU եOբ?UnA? ?ao??YU?Y eե?n?IA, ? Uեn AYi?YCuA ??eYaoU ? 10 ?aoYa: ?nI?n aC i?aoU E?O?O IU?YuA, eIeiaoU ? 1941 A. ??UnեY?I?Y UեI a?iեn??UA ? 1942 A. eեaiեUբեnCY` CYO iեnoYaoU եY eaiեi?I?Y բ?Y?I ? eI?բCo i?YaoU in?o?I?Y eee ?եei?yaYC u?O?uA, an ?UYiեOCo i?YեY e??U???I?i, բ?Uo 1942 A. YaUեUբեnCY Uե? բեnaoU եY YanCo ??U?ei?Y ? I??U?IեnaaoU N?UI?I?Y գY?եn ? UYaoU ??U?ei?YaoU, eI?բaoU` ONaoբaoU, Nեi?գ?UaoU` i?YaoU ?aIiեUբեnU?YC ACi 3 eaiEa?A ? YanCo iեn???nOYaoU ONaoբ, ONaoբCo` o?Y?uեe ? iեncaoU` ?cUC?ICY ? ?cUC?IYCo 1947 A. ?an?oniaoU ? գ?ECe iaoY: Uan-E?nբեn?A 1947 A. CnեYCo YեnI?U?oYaoU ?n UC u?O?u?iCa ?i?Y` Cn Yan I?eaooi?I գanI?n?Yai, anA eIeiեE ?n I?eaooiեE 1940 A.: ԳanI?n?YaoU ??E?iaoU ?CY Uai?ian?aեe 2 գUaoOեnCo` Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YCo ? A???գUaoOCo, 450-500 բ?YianYեn:

Uan-E?nբեn?C ?CY?n?n?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnC ? Yn? ??nգ?oU?Y U?eCY 1933-1980 AA. U?Yn?U?eY YI?n?գnեE ? Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YC IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y Y?E?գ?N 1. O?nCբU?Y ??iCAA 2. ??IaբU?Y ?n?UA? ?i?Y?UCY eaiեiC Y?E?գ?N 3. Eao?aU?Y i?O?n??IA 4. E?a?inU?Y iaEa?U?Y ?UAU Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YA 1982 A. aoYC 4600 բY?ICa, aniեO գiYiaoU եY ?i?YaoU aa գanIi?Iu?UCY IianեOեYC գanI?n?YA, ?eee գUaoO?CY UCYCeinaoAU?Y IեYinaY?I?Y ?iiaբ???Y: ԳaoY?ian u?nեnC գanI?n?YA ? ?UE գanI?n?YYեn, a?NեeiYեn, cեnUaoYեn ? ?UE OեeY?nIaoAUaoYYեn: iեnc?oYեEai CU Nao?եnA Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YC U?eCY ? Yn? գanICY U?eY?Io?I U?n?I?Yo, anaYo ??i U?eA ?UAU IեY??YC aեY ? եnբ ?UoեEaoU եU Uan-E?nբեn?C գեnե?U?YaoA, an CnեYu եY AYinեE ?U? i?UnA, ?ao YI?iaoU եe UC Nեi?unuCn a?iIեn, an A?U?Y?ICY, an Yn?Yu CnեYo IեY??YaoAU?Y A?U?Y?I UC?i UC?eCY ?CY ? InեoCY ?UեY ?Ai?naoAUaoY ? aon?EaoAUaoY ? a?Uu?naoU ?CY N?YaoY CnեYo N?UnեY?eCnaoAU?Y ? N?i?iaoU ?CY ?n?Y ? UC?eY?I?Y ?CY ? N?OA?N?nեoCY ?U? բaEanA ? N?e?Y CnեYo Ya?i?ICY ? ?UAU ?E գեnե?U?YaoaoU IaOu-IaOuC a?eI?I գYaoU` եY N?iեnAaoAUaoY: o?eu Yn?Yo I?i?n?I գanICY, Uan-E?nբեn?C NCUY??CnYեnCY:

?Yaaեe եe Y?եoC, an Uan-E?nբեn?C NaO?UCY i?n?IaoAUaoYA CnեYCo YեnI?U?oYaoU ?n ICe??Y?a?i?UCYUC i?Un, aniեO ??aoU ?CY UC?iեe?I բaoUeեn, I?a?n, U?i??Y, e?aaYC Eai ? ?U?iեOC IեY??Y?I?Y ??E?nNA N?nU?niaoU ?n Cn բY?I?Y a?UU?YYեnCY, aniեOCo CYuA ?e?c?oեE ? ? ?? N?eI?Y?EC ? ? unCY?I?Y ? iiU?E բaoUeեnA N?nU?niaoU եY CnեYo eYaO U?Un NaOCY, ? CnեYo ?գaoU CYaaեe CnեYo Uan գnIaoU: UaoUYaեe ? IեY??Y?I?Y ??E?nNA ? ?U? ?aEեEao ?եauaoU ?UեY CYa ei?oiaoU ? ?nNեei?I?Y ? aa unCY?I?Y aC N?nU?niaoU: unCY?IC N?U?n բեnեYu UC ?UeaCeC unCY?I. Yեգn U?n?aoY բY?IեoYեYu եnIn?գY?C NUaoeCe?UCY U?eaoU, unCY?I aaoIaiI?UaoU ? ?eեYu, an ?ao ?anC ?U?iեO ? uե? եnc?YCI ?գ? ? aaoIaiI?UC AaOain?CY բY?IեoYեYu ?ynCI?UC եnInYեnaoU ? ?eեYu, an ?ao ?anC ?U?iեO ? uե? եnc?YCI ?գ?, CYaaեe ?U?iեOC U?n?CI, ei?oiaoU ? ?UYaեe, an aa YեգnY ? N?nU?niaoU Yan a?UU?YYեnCY ? aa ?E aaoIaiI?UC AaOaiaon?A ?ynCI?UC a?UU?YYեnCY ? ?UeiեOCo ?e?c ? գ?ECe` CYa բ?Y ? U?Un N?UnեYCu N?eI?oaoAUaoYA: O?Un N?UnեYCu N?eI?oaoAUaoYA ?? ?n??n?oC N?eI?oaoAUaoY ? ? IaaiaoU ? ?n??naoAUaoY: ?eI եAե ?? ?n??naoAUaoY ?, UեYu CU?YaoU եYu UC բ?Y, an ?n??naoAUaoYA I?naO ? Yi??եE ? aa U?N?Y?E ? iեnc?aեe Y? N?OA?Y?IaoU ?: ?UAU ?? iեn?բեniaoU ? N?U AaOain?CY, an Yn?Y ?nU?i?ECE եYu ?nեE Cn U?Un NaOCo ? ?nեE ??E?nNai UեI Yn?Yo I?naO եY ?eեE, an ?anեu ?UYaեe CYaaեe iեOC բY?ICaYեnY եY ?anaoU, CU I?nICuai aC ei?oiC, anaiNեi? Y? iiU?E iեOC aa NaOC ? aa ?E u?C ao cnC eiեOI?IA aC, CYau?Y ?E Yn? YUaoA?I?Y a?UU?YYեnA E?i ECYեY Y? ?EC CYa an UեI բ?YC IեYe?I?Y a?N?Yc ? ?գaoU: unCY?I iեnoYեU CU in?, եe Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YC ?e?cCY բY?ICaY եU ? ?UAU եnբ եe E?nբեn?C UC A?OCo eaiEa?C A?O?U?eCo, aniեO եe ?UAU ?anaoU եU CU Y?EICY i?UnA` Uan-E?nբեn?C IեYinaYA, aniեO ?YoեE ? CU U?YIaoAUaoYA, եe ?U?iեO CYa-an ?iեEC ?eaoUգ ? IեYe?aեe ?iեEC EC?nAեu ? ?UեY CYaai ?iեEC բ?i?n?ni?I եU ?գaoU, U?n?ao NaգCY ?iեEC բ?i?n?ni?I ? գaN ? ?UեY CYaCo, ?U?iեOC ? CU ?UAUi? ?anեEao iեOA Cn?nCo Nեeao եY AY??UեYA 400 U.: ?UeiեOCo ?e?c ? գ?ECe UC N?eI?oaOaoAUaoY, an U?n?ao N?UnեYCuA A?YI ? ?UեY բ?YCo ? ?C?i ? ?ei?I Uեn UեI Eaoe?ianCa E?a?iaon ?բaiU?YC EaeuA. «IU?Yu? iaon, NaգC? iaon, բ?Uo ??UnեYCu` aa UC ?եauaoU»:

?E???i ????I? OU?o?I?UU?U ???aOaoAUaoUU?? Oեn iaNUA NCUY?I?YaoU ?n??YC բY?ICaYեn ?CY, ?YNC?եEC A?U?Y?IYեnCo ?բ?OiaoU ?CY NaO?գanIaoAU?Uբ: ?n??YaoU UեI NaO?i?n?IaoAUaoYYեn aoYեCYu, NCUY?I?YaoU ?բ?OiaoU ?CYu ?UգեգanIaoAU?Uբ ? aiO?բaoIaoAU?Uբ: ?aO?i?n?IaoAU?Y ?գ?EC U?eA գiYiaoU ?n ?nեբaoYC u??Y?i?I?U?YC i?n?IuaoU: Oեn iaNUC I?Ei?IuYեnY ?CY ? UC U?eA գiYiaoU ?n YեnI?UCe ?iiaiեeaaoAU?Y Գ?U-C UaiCo UCYa? եnI?AգCIA ? Yn?YCo Nեeao , CeI ?եaC ?n?եEu cեnU??EեIin?I?U?YC ?nc?I?UuA ? ?եaC NUaoeCe, ?եaC ?n??YC IaOUA: ?UY A?U?Y?I Uեn iaNUA aoYեn UեI NեOCY?IaoAUaoY, anA Ui?Naգi?I ?n, an CnեYo բY?I?i?UnA` ?n??YA ECYC բ?nOn U??IaoUA aoYեoaO u?O?u? ?nբ o?nI?Y I?e?i?naoAUaoYA UCiu ? NO?YaoU եnI?AգCI ?YoI?oYեE, Y?E?OեeYaO ?e?cCYYեnCo ECYaoU եY Uեn iaNUC eaOaUaY ? OIniCa a?aեnA: Un?Yu Nn?iCnaoU եY եnI?AգIC U?eY?գեiYեnCY, ?CY?n?n-CYAեYեnYեnCY, an I?i?nեY ?U? գanIA: uCY?Ye?aեe Ya?eiaoU եY ?U? գanICY CU a?aեnA ? ??գ?I?YYեnA: 1800 A. OեeY?UaoE եY ECYaoU e. Գ?anգ i?YuC ? եIեOեoao I?eaooU?YA:

?U NanեOբ?Un I?n?aեi OY?o?I?YU?YA uAii?I ?n UեI N?UnեY?eCnaoAU?Uբ: 1914-1920 AA. E?eA A?U?Y?IYեnaoU N?Y?եe ? գ?ECe Cn ??գC a??ia?YaoAU?Y գanIai ? ?U? ?եauեnA iեOC եY aoYեYaoU Y?EICY O?U?nEaoUC ?nc?YC ??UAU ?ni???i) Uaoi? գUaoOC U?iaoUoYեnaoU, a??ia?YaoAU?Y ?CnuեnaoU Cn a?niuA I?i?nեECe ?aNiaoU ?: Un?Y Uan?գ?iAC եIեOեoao UaoiuC Uai A?OaoU եY anaեe a?ii?ian N?UnեY?eեnC, UCYa? ?UAU ?E գեnե?U?YA ?U?iեO ?: ?eI CU Uan N?Un?I?Y IaOUA ?EC ?n??YC NCY բY?ICaYեnCo ?CY, anaYu I?naO?o?Y UanuaoU NCUYեE E?OaOC aiO?iao ?UգCYեn: aoYեCY UեI i?n?IuYեn, ??E?i?eեn ? eiեOI?գanI U?n?CI ?CY, UC Eaeuai ? N?Un?I?Y ? U?Un?I?Y iaNUA Cn գanIեnai ?e?Yo a?????YoaoAU?Y UC?i ?c?IoեE ? OգiեE եY, an Uեn ??գA aoYեY? բ?nOn U??IaoUA ? բ?nգ?i??C: Oեn NCUY?I?Y բY?I?i?UnA գiYiaoU ?n ?n??YaoU, բ?Uo Uեn N?Un?I?Y ? a?aեY?I?Y NaOեnA գiYiaoU ?CY ?n??YC N?n?i?UCY U?eaoU, anA ?Yi?YaoU ?CY Uan?գ?iCA, ?U? U?eCY CYO N?U?n ?YN?Ui ?, Aե an A?U?Y?ICo ? ?U? ?Yi?YaoUA ei?oեE, unCY?IC N?U?n Yn?YCo NUaoeCe գiYiaO գUaoOեnA IaaiեECe եY եOեE` ?եYգ?iCA, iեnCY ? UեnuCY, anCo եEYեEai ?E N?i?Y?I?Y ?, an Uեn NaO?UCY i?n?IaoAUaoYA ?Yi?YiեE ? Uan գ?iCA, anA ??nOեE ? Uan?գ?iCA: ???i?UCY ??E?i?YuYեnA Uեn NaO?U?eaoU I?i?nեEao N?U?n Uեn iaNUC U?n?CI, anaYu բ??U?IC AYi?YCuYեn ?CY, CnեYo NaOեnA ?n?UaoY?iեi U??IեEao N?U?n I?eaooaoU եY Yan բY?I?i?UnaoU բY?IեEC ?CYaoAUaoYYեn, ?UեY UեIA Cn AYi?YCuC N?U?n ?e?YOY?iaoY, ? ei?oiaoU ?n ?UYaեe, an ?UեY UC AYi?YCuA aoYեn Cn iaoYA ?n??YaoU ? UC?A?U?Y?I Uan?գ?iCAaoU:

?CUY?I?YaoU Uan?գ?iAC U??IiaO i?n?IaoAUaoYYեnA aeaգiaoU ?CY Գեi?eC cnեnai: ei?oi?I բեnuA` E?OaOA, NCUY?I?YaoU N?YOYaoU ?CYu ?aoeiaiC գCYao IaUբCY?i, anCo ei?oi?I գaoU?nYեnai UեYu I?i?naoU ?CYu Uեn NaO?UCY i?n?IaoAU?Y in? ??E?iaO բ?YianYեnC i?nO?inaoAUaoYA, anaYu NCUY?I?YaoU EեeY?UCY ?nc?YYեnC բY?ICaYեnY ?CY` ??U??եiC, ?Ei?UC ??n????YC), O?niaoYao, e??YC բY?ICaYեn: ?UY A?U?Y?Ii? գUaoO. iեEYCI?Y ??i a?n?aoY?I ?n, ?nanA, anA CnեYCo YեnI?U?oYaoU ?n UC N?e?n?I ??Ui, anC in? ?Un?on?I եnI?Aե eեaA UEn?iaoU ?n NaOC Uեc, ? EIi?I ե?YեnA u??եEai NaOA i?naoU ?CY, CeI in?YeaaniA NCUY?I?YaoU ե?YեnC ?n?բ?YYեnY ?CY, anA uգi?գanIaoU ?CY գUaoO?iYiեe?I?Y ??Y???Y բեeYեn iեO??aEեEao N?U?n: Oեn a?aեnA ? IYaOYեnA բYaoAU?Y N?Y?եa aoYեCY բ?nOn IaoEiaon? ? ?UեY CYa uգi?գanIaoU ?CY iեOA-iեOCY, ?Ueaեe ?e?I, ?YUY?oan?, unCY?IC N?U?n caonA, an Yn?Yu uգi?գanIaoU ?CY ??i բI?EY?nanեY ?CY iեn?բեniaoU, ??i Ui?Ii?I, an caonA բ?nCu ? ? N?nI?ian ? ?UYaեe iեn?բեniեE, an բYaoAU?Y ii?I բ?nCuA ?UYaեe a?Na?YեE, an Y? UY? ?Y?O?ni: Գեi?eA, an ԳեO?U? EեeYեnC ?ե?եnCo ?YoYaoU ?n i?eYU?I գUaoOեnC UCcai, UYaoU ?n U?uaon, ?Y?O?ni, I?nIեe Aե Yan ? ?aone եIեE NaoYCo ? ?UեY UC ao??I iեO I?naO ?Cn Ie?Y?E ? EUեE, CYaaեe ?OբUaonC caonA: unCY?I` N?eYեEai Uan?գ?iCA ? ?YoYեEai YեnI?UCe ?iiaiեeaaoAU?Y UaiC E?aUեnaoICo, Uai?I? I?UaoncC i?ICo ?YoYեEai ?UYu?Y U?uaon ?n, an բaEan u?nեnA եn?aoU ?CY CnեYo գaoUYai, գY?Eai ?եaC A???գUaoO ??UYA??), aeaգեEai բaEan NaO?i?n?IuYեnA YaoUY U?unaoAU?Uբ UYaoU ?n, ? AaOain?C IaoEiaon?Y ?UYuY բ?nOn ?n, an aa UեIA UCYa? ?Yգ?U UC ?aun u?n a?n գoaoU ?U? cnC Uեc: ?aonA uգi?գanIaoU ?CY Y?? CnեYo iYiեeaoAU?Y I?nCuYեnC N?U?n, YaoUY N?anaoAU?Y cnai Uan?գ?iCAaoU CU Uan?unac ?UaoeCY ?n?U?UCeA cn?O?o ?n I?eaooեE ? UUaoeY ?E 300 U. Nեe?ianaoAU?Y in? N?can? cn?O?oY ?n I?eaooեE Cn ??գ?I?YA:

Oեn IaOUC AaOaiaon?A` ?n??YoCYեnA ?YNC?եEC A?U?Y?IYեnCo NUaon?eCnaoAUaoYA N?U?nեE եY U?n?A U?n?ao YI?iU?Uբ aեiu ? ECYC ?UYaեe, an գY?N?iiC U?n?ao բ?nOn N?iI?YC?YեnA, ? u?YC an ?UY A?U?Y?I NUaon?YaoYեn aեY եOեE, an Nեeao i?Unեn գY?Eaoo ?Ya?UU?Y aեiu ? CYa an UեIC i?YA UY?n ? Uեn AaOaiaon?A` ?n??YoCYեnA I?U Uan?գ?iCAoCYեnA, UեIA UUaoeC Nեi UnoaoU ?CY ?UYaեe, Aե ai ? ?iեEC NUaon?eեn: 1920 A., UեnaYu ECYեEai ??գ?eեn, a?ae` eaOaUaYA գYaoU ? ? ?CU?ianaoU ?Y?n?YCI ?an?i?nCY ? ?e?c?nIaoU, an ?Y?n?YCIA Cn բ?Y?Iai` 500 OC?ianYեnai, գ? Cn N?nIC i?I N?Yգei?Y?Eao ? NUaon?eCniեEao, ? ?Y?n?YCIA aC UեnAaoU ao գ?ECe ? Uեn N?nIC i?I NUaon?eCniaoU Cn EnCi ?anuai ? UC u?YC un UY?Eaoo Nեia, ?ni???iC ??YN?a?nNai գYaoU ? ?եaC eCeC?Y:

a?iեn??UC Nեi??Yuai E?Eiiեo եnInC E?O?O IU?YuA, ?U? A?U?Y?I ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YaoU Aaonu?I?Y I?e?i?naoAUaoYA N?UեnC YI?iU?Uբ E?n??E u?O?u?I?YaoAUaoY i?nեo, Iaianեo N?U բY?IaaoAU?YA, iեO?N?Y ?nեo ? onեo ??E?nNai UեI: ?e?c?o?i գ?OA?I?YaoAUaoY, anaYo UC U?eA եI?Y EoiեoCY ?n?եEU?Y ??U?ei?Y, i?i?o?Y iYiեe?I?Y a?UU?YYեnA, ?e?c?o?i eai, NCi?Y?aoAUaoY ? UեYu Uեn aoAեnC Yեn?IC a?? YեoaoI ?CYu I?YգYaoU գ?OA?I?YaoAU?YA: eaoe?ei?YaoU ?e?c?o?I NեO??aEaoAU?Y a?i??eai, eaoe?I?Y ?anuA AaOեo ?n?UiU?Y ??U?ei?YA ? եi u??iեo? AaonuեnA uգiiեEai ?eCACo, eIeեoCY ?e?c?Y?E ?եaC ?n?եEU?Y ??U?ei?Y ? N?e?Y Uե? Uai` UCYa? A???գUaoO ??UYA??) ? գn?iեEai iեniեnC ?UգCY ??UAU` A?YU?IC գanI?n?Y), ?Cnuեn բeYեoCY, բ?Uo Yan?գ?iCAoCYեnC IaOUCo ?CU??naoAU?Y N?Y?CaեEai` aI?naO?o?Y ?e?c ??nAiեE ? UY?oCY ?U?iեO: ?եi?գ? ?եauեnA եe` ?aun ECYեEao a?i??eai, aեU NC?aoU: ?e NC?aoU եU CU ?anao N???EեEA, ?anaoA գiYiaoU ?n եIեOեoaoY a?iI?YaO ICo ?եYuaoU ao I?e?UaoU ?n Nեeao iեOեnCo aoEiC եIaO aoEi?ianYեnC N?U?n: eaiեi?I?Y ?nc?YaoU եIեOեoao գanIaoYեaoAUaoYA ?nգեEaoU ?CY ? ana?եoCY ?U? ?եYuA uգi?գanIեE եnեE?YեnC N?U?n, ?anaoC I?nCuC N?U?n: ?e UCYa? եnnan? ??e?n?YA eaianեE եU ?U? եIեOեoao ?CYaoAU?Y ?եYuaoU, anA գiYiaoU ? YեnI?UCe U??IaoUAC i?Y N?n??YaoAU?Uբ ? UCYa? ?Ueun ?E գanIaoU ? anaեe ?anao: AaOain??I?Y InAaoAU?Y բ?AYC IaOUCo ana?aoU AY?aoYiեo, an iiU?E գUaoOեnC ?anaoYեnaoU ???IեniYեnC u?Y?IA a?I?e ECYեEao Nեi??Yuai YaoUY ?nc?YC ?anaoYեnaoU N???EaO ???IեniYեnC aեi?I?Y բUaocեC I?EeեnA EC?nAեu uգi?գanIեEao N?U?n` ?U? ?aun u?Y?IYեnA UC?oYեEai, NCUYեE EC?nAեu ??e?n?YYեn: Oե? iiեoCY Uan-E?nբեn? ?i?YC ?anaoaoU UC ??e?n?Y, ? eaianեoCYu ?UiեO UCYa? 9-n? ??e?n?Y ? Nեi?գ?UaoU Uե? iեO??aEեoCY ?UեY UեIA CnեYo գUaoOaoU eaianեEao ?e 10-n? ??e?n?YA iեnc?onեoC Uan?գ?iCAaoU:

?n??YC «ICnaiC» ?Yi?Y uCUC?I?Y IaUբCY?iC I?nբC?C ?ni??n?U?eC գanI??nU?U?բ ei?YaoU ?CY ?oCiեEեY գ??A ? ei?YaoU ?CY I?aoaaoI? ei?oU?Y anaoեeA iեOC ?n aoYեYaoU Nեi?U?E Iեna. ei?YaoU ?CY I?nբC?, ?U? I?nբC?A cnai u?Uu?UiեECe ?e?c?YaoU ?n ?oեiCECY գ??A ? cn?E?eA In?cnC UY?oan?A, anA anaեe N?n?U UY?oan? E?eYեEai cnCY, ?N?գCY u?Y?IaoAU?Uբ ?aone ?n գ?ECe ?ni??n?U?eCo? ?U? IեOi?caonA բեnCY UC?onեoCY Uեn Uan?գ?iAC U?uaon NaeaO cnCY, anA U?n?CI UCYa? ?Yգ?U EUaoU ?CY: ?i Nեi??YuA եO?i ?UY, an UC uni? AYA?ouaoU Uեn a?aեnC IaOUCo a??ia?Yi?I ?i?Y?aoAUaoYA aiY?N?niեo, ? UC?Yգ?UCo Uեn ?IaEaգC?aեe U?uaon բY?I?i?UnA IեOiaiiեo NCUY?N?i?I? IեOi?cnեnA EoiեoCY U?nգեnA, բ?Yc?nեOեYA a?n I?nեEC uգi?գanIեE, I?eեnA aan?YaoU ?CY, u?A ??nOեE ?n AaoY?ian, U?n?CI EեO??U?N ?CY ECYaoU, UnUeaoU ?CY ?auեnA, ?Ya?NեOO ?CY ECYaoU, ? բY?ICaYեnA iեeYեEai, an aեiaoAU?Y IaOUCo ? ?? I?i?nգaoU ?CUեoCY aon an N?nIY ?, բ?Uo N??iC a?e?Y?eiCai?I բY?ICaYեnY ?E Ui?IեoCY, an եAե aեiaoAUaoYA ?U?aեe ? i?niaoU, CnեYu ?E eIeեoCY ?Oբ EoYեE ?U? cnC Uեc? OC Eaeuai ?U? ?eaoY, an ?e?c I?e?UaoU ?n U?n?ao ?eaOcaoAU?Y N?U?n` ?UAU ??nO?i N?I?e?IA, anA CnեY Nեi բեnaoU ?n ?UեY iեe?IC IեOi ao ?a?I?YaoU u?A:

?U ??գ?I?YYեnA, an UեI u?Y?I ?CY I??UaoU ? I?eaooեE ?CY ?U? եIեOեoCY բ?nC Ya?i?Iai, anA u?na?aoU ?n onCeiaeC aoeUaoYuA U?n?IaoAU?Y բ?nOn բ?naU?I?YaoAU?Y N?U?n? aեiaoAUaoYA iեnonեo ? N?YOYեo ?CYi?I aoAեnCY a?iեn??UC A?U?Y?I ? եIեOեoao E?aA N?YեoCY ??nբCY O?nIaeC UCcaoai: ?եYuեnA, an I?e?UaoU ?n aoEi?ianYեnC N?U?n` iniեo ea?U?I?Y I??UC in?U??naoAU?Y i?I: ?e եnբ ?i?niեoC 10-n? ??e?n?YA, CU Uեc o?YIaoAUaoY ?e?c?o?i գY?E a?aեnCe ??Y?a?nNai, anaYu ?բ?OiaoU ?CY ?n??n գanIai` NaO?գanIaoAU?Uբ: ?e ?E ana?եoC AY?aoYiեE ԳUaoO?iYiեeaoAU?Y CYeiCiaoiC ?UգեգanI?I?Y y?IaoEiեiA: OC?YaoUY A?U?Y?I ??E?iaoU ?C (1951 A.) «aaECiCYCE?oեi?i» գanI?n?YC iCYCE?oեi?i ?ni??n?U?eaoU? ?e եnեIaU?Y NեnA??aEaoU CYeiCiaoiA iեnc?oYեEaoo Nեia, գUaoOUCYCeinaoAU?Y N?YOY?AaOaiC IaOUCo, Y??Y?IaoU եU ei?oեE Uan?գ?iAC IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYaoU anaեe գUaoO?iYiեe, e?I?UY ??NaoUU?YC ?nc?YC I??nեnC iեO?ianU?Y բ?AYC i?nCa e?UiեE O?EE?eU?YA, anA O?nCբU?Y O?nCբC UaiCI U?n?Y ?n, O?nCբU?YC a?N?Ycai եI?i Uեn iaoY ? CYO N?Ua?եo ? բեnեo Uan-E?nբեn?C «O?UCeC 1»-C ?Yi?Y IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYaoU ??E?iեEao` anaեe գUaoO?iYiեe: 1962 A. O?nCբU?Y ??iCAA ?Yo?i Aa??IC ? Yn? iեOA Y??Y?IեoCY ??NaoUU?YC ?nc?YC գUaoOi?naaoAU?Y գEE?ian գUaoO?iYiեe ??IaբU?Y ԳaonգեYCY: ?e ??E?iեoC ԳaonգեY ??IaբU?YC Nեi UCYa? 1968 A.:

1968 A. Uan-E?nբեn?C «O?UCeC 1»-C ?Yi?Y IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y i?naaoAU?Y Y?E?գ?NC N?YI?nI?IC U?Ni?Y a?i??eai` CYO Y??Y?IեoCY Uan-E?nբեn?C «O?UCeC 1»-C ?Yi?Y IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y i?naaoAU?Y Y?E?գ?N: IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYA I??Ui?I ?n IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y i?naaoAU?Y Y?E?գ?NCo, N??i?a?NCo, N??iեi?nCo, գ?YO?a?NCo, Iaoe?IoaoAU?Y IaUCiեC u?niaoO?nCo: aoYեn 12 ?iia ? 12 i?nբեn in?IianYեn, i?nan?Yեn ea?e?nIaO I??` 12 NaգC, ???i?UCY ??E?iaOYեnA` 100 NaգC, 4 NaգC բnCգ???i?nYեn? uեnU?UaoU` 12 IAian, 4 ?Y?eY?a?N, 4 NanA?a?N ? yեnU?UC i?nCa, ?aiեEYCI, ?Y?eY?բaoA? AeaY?բaoI?n?YaoU N?i?a?NYեn, ?i?a?NYեn` 4 NaգC ? CYIaoբ?ianC in? 5 NaգC, AeaY?բaoIaoAU?Y i?nCa? ?U ?e?cCY EY?CnA եO?i IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYA iեn??aEեE գCi?I?Y ?e?c?ian UեAa?Yեnai, U?Yn եOcեn?ian ?Y?eY?a?NaoAUaoYA N?YեE iYiեeaoAUaoYCo?

1968 A. IaEiYiեe?I?YYեnCY ??E?i?i?nO i?Eao N?U?n գaoU?n aaoYեY?Eao a?i??eai aեiaoAUaoYCo a?niu ?CY iեnonեE: OCcaoYեnA ??i i?i ?CY: ?e?cCY NեnACY եe N?YOY ?e? Ea?an եOcեn?ian ?IaiեnA) ?Y?eaoYYեnC ?aE?nCYaoUA iaNU?UCY ?Y?eaoYYեnai: ?YuY?nAեuA բ?nOn ECYեEao a?i??eai` եe I??U?IեnaեoC eե??I?Y IեnեnC ?ni??naoAUaoY, I?i?niեo ?eiaoUiC, եգCai?oanեYC, եnեuYaoIC, ??IY?եOC, գ?nao N?iCI?UCY IaoEiaon?YեnC i?n?IaoAUaoYYեn AY??nO?IU?Y ??E?i?Yu ? ?C?i o?Yu??nc?Y?eaoAUaoY, UC Eaeuai բ?nOn?o?i ? ?iեE?o?i I?AY?iiaoAUaoYA, Ue?UAեnaoUA ? Cc?i CYuY?nAեuA, anC Nեi??Yuai բ?nOn?o?i IaEiYiեe?I?YYեnC ??E?i?i?nOA: OC?YaoUY A?U?Y?I N?iCI?ian IaoEiaon?YեnA IեnC I?UaoY eե??I?Y բ??? ??nOYեEao N?U?n eiեOIiեo eե??I?Y eեnUY?բaoIaoAUaoY: ?UYu?Y eեnU ei?o?Yu, an eIeեoC eե??I?Y eեnUեnC i???euA, ?eiaoUiC, եnեuYaoIC, anCo iYiեeaoAUaoYA ei?o?i UեI եI?Uaoi, UC?YaoUY A?U?Y?I ?iեE?o?I EaiA i???eaoU ?CYu: Ea?an եOcեn?ian ?Y?eY?a?NaoAUaoYA iեn??aEեoCYu iaNU?UCY Iaiեnai, anaYo AYinaiC NanAեnCY, ?e?YOCY EY?Uu ?CY i?YaoU: uեnU?UaoU eiեOIեE ?CY բaEan a?UU?YYեnA ?Y?eY?a?NaoAU?Y ??E?iaOYեnC N?U?n` բ?OYCu, i?u caon, UC?YaoUY A?U?Y?I E?i ??E?iaOYեnCY ?e?YOCY Nեeaoei?oaoUo, N?YգeiC anA EA?Y N?Y?Ce?o?i U?n?I?Yo ?iեEC YiCni?I ??E?iեEao ? anC Nեi??Yuai ?iեE?o?i I?AY?iiaoAUaoYA, Ue?UAեn?iiaoAUaoYA ? ?UEY : AeaY?a?NaoAU?Y գIai UեI i?ni? AYA?ouaoU 1971-72 AA. ?U?UC, ?YU??I i?n?IaoAU?Y in? I?eaooեoCYu 3 N?i AeaY?Yao` Uaon?u?YaUaonA 10000 N?iC N?U?n: ?CY N?i?YaoYեnaoU ? NCY գaUեnaoU a?Niեo 163000 ?aoi ao N?i, anC եn??YU?Y I?nUCn ?I?Y N?iեnCo ei?oiեo Oao` 1260000 N?i: ?ei?Ei?a?iեoCYu ?Y?eY?գaUեnA ? N?i?YaoYեnA ? բaEan UUaoe i?n?IaoAUaoYYեnA` N??iC ?eYեEai iCa?UCY եn??YU?Y oեO?iեe?IC N?iեnC i?n?IU?Y Ea?an AeaY?YaoYեnC I?eaooaoUA, ? N??iC ?eYեEai եn??YU?Y oեO?iեe?IC I?nUCn N?iC iեe?IC YեnUaoIaoUA, գCi?Nեi??ai?I?Y CYeiCiaoiC բ???UC YեnUaoI?I ? գYi?I N?iC ?iեnC բ??U?oaoUA, ?YNn?Aե?iaoAUaoY գi? AeaY?բaoI?I?Y yեnU?UCY ICo I?eaooեE CYIaoբ?ian?UCY I?U?Y?

?Ue ?UեYCo եEYեEai` ?CUեoC iեn???e ?nc?Y?UCY OեI?i?naoAU?YA, an N??iC ?eYC iYiեeaoAU?Y a?UU?YYեnA ? AaoUE?inեY ao uA?Y??IեY Oեeu բեnեEao UեI N?i 50000 ?ni??naO?I?YaoAU?Uբ CYIaoբ?ian, anA ??U?ei?YC a?UU?YYեnaoU գaUaoAUaoY aaoYեn? ?CUեoC ?ncգanIIaUC Y?E?գ?NCY ? ?ncIaoeIaUCiեC u?niaoO?nCY, an CYO UեI N?i a??iaY?I?Y գnaoAUaoY i?Y aեiaoAU?Y yaY?Co ?Yi??n ei?Y?Eao? ?Y?eY?բaoACY ? N??i?a?NCY գanIaoOեoC In?eYa??nC U?n? UCaoAեY?I?Y yaY?C N??iCY CYIaoբ?ian Oեeu բեnեEao ? anA Cn?I?Y?o?i: I?n? A?U?Y?I?UCcaoaoU` 1974 A. NaoYi?n ?UeCY, CYIaoբ?ianA iեO??niեo? ??U?EեIina գanI?n?YCo Oեeu բեnեoC ?EեIin?I?Y Nae?Yu ?ni??naO ?գnեգ?i, Nae?YuC ?Yc?iU?Y ?եauaoU ?EեIina?գnեգ?iA ?aE?nCYaoU ?n: OC?UY AeaY?YaoCo ? CYIaoբ?ianC ??E?i?YuC ?ni??naoAU?Y ?YanNCi` IaEiYiեe?I?YYեnC եI?UaoiA բ?nOn?o?i 2 e. 20 I., Y?EICYaoU IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y AY?N?Yaon եI?UaoiC 1e. 70 I. ?aE?nեY, ?UYu?Y Oao ? AeaaoY ?CYu ?ni??naoU, an Cn?oaoUA, i???euA ?Ai?n?YaoU ?n ? eiCai?I ?aE??naoU ?CYu ?UE iեOեn i???euC: ?U IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y N?caOaoAUaoYYեnC U?eCY CU?Y?Eai? Y?E?n?nYեnC EanNn?C Y?E?գ?N, ?I??եUCIae e?N?I I?n?aեiU?YA եI?i IaEiYiեeaoAUaoY, I?YaA?o?i IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y I?eaooi?IuCY ? ?ni?IuCY, aoeaoUY?eCnեo ?Y?eY?yեnU?YեnA ? AeaY?YaoYեnA ao CYIaoբ?ian I?U?YA, գaN?o?i ? anaեe եnCi?e?n? Y?E?գ?NC` N?Uբaonեo ??I?ie: ?n?YCo Nեia IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYA UCYCeinYեnC EanNn?C Nn?U?Y?գnai ??nO?i AeaY?բaoIaoAU?Y iaNU?UCY iYiեeaoAUaoY: ei?oi?I OaoY i???eiaoU ? a?n N?YOYiaoU aեiaoAU?YA, u?YC an aեiaoAU?Y N?YOYi?I OiC ?nAեuA 9Iaa. ?nAեn, CeI anaեe iaNU?UCY iYiեeaoAU?Y` եe OaoY N?YOYaoU ?C 9 Iaa. ?aE?nեY 22 IaaեIai ?nACIC, O?n?ECIC, e??YC, ?n????YC ?nc?YYեnCY: iYiեeaoAUaoYA ??nOեE ?n oaoo??n?I?Y iYiեeaoAUaoY ? ?anOC ?aE?Y?IU?Y ?CY գ?ECe ?n?n?iC, ?ni???iC, O?eCeC, ?cUC?IYC ?nc?YYեnCo: Ea?an եOcեn?ian ?Y?eY?a?NaoAUaoYA գiYiaoU ?n ?YUECA?n iC??IaoU, I?UCY AY??UեYA I?AY?iao ? Ue?iao ?Y?eaoYYեn` u?Y?Iai 500 գEaoE, anCo yaon?A?UCY Iaiեn ?CY` 158 գEaoE, UY?o?IA NanAեn ?CY:

?CUY?I?YaoU եe Ui?IեoC eե??I?Y ?ni??naoAU?Y N??iCY I?UaoY IեnC բ??? eiեOIեEao U?eCY: ԳUaoO?iYiեeaoAU?Y Uեc I?i?niեo եnI???iU?, եe???iU? o?Yu??nc?Y?eaoAUaoY: o?Yiեo եգCai?oanեY, ?eiaoUi, oanեY, գ?nC ? ??Y???Y ?Y?eY?Iեn?UCY IaoEiaon?Yեn, anC Nեi??Yuai Iaoi?Iiեo 1.5 i?ni? IեnC բ???, anC Nեi??Yuai բ?nOn?o?i IaiեnC I?AY?iiaoAUaoYA: 1 yaon?A?UCY IaiC I?AY?iiaoAUaoYA բ?nOn?o?i 1600-Co UCYa? 2300E., aեi?I?Y Ue?UAեnU?Y a?ni?ianaoAUaoYA 40 i. ?aE?nեY 82i.: Գեn?I?i?nU?Y ? ?iեE UAեnu N?YOYեEao N?U?n 1-C ?aE?nեY i?ECe ?CYu 1.5 ?Yգ?U ?iեE?

?CUեoC iեn???eCY, an O?eCeC ?nc?YC ?n????Y գեiC ?YU??I NaOեnA i?Y Uեn iYiեeaoAU?YA, an N?nAեoYեU ao U??IեU:?e OեeY?nIեoC ?U? գanIA 12 N?. եգCai?oanեYC ??եoU?Y N?U?n ? ei?oiեo aoAեO բեnu: OC?YaoUY A?U?Y?I OeեnaoU` ?UeCYuY, Uan-E?nբեn?C NaOեnaoU, anA գiYiaoU ?n ?ni???iU?Y cn?YouC iեn?aoU, ?YU??I u?nu?nai i?n?IaoAUaoYYեnaoU, 17N?. u?nu?naoiA U?unեE iiC ? cnUaoO aaUaեnC UCcaoai eIeեoC caon բ?nOn?oYեE: oanեY U??IեEai? ei?o? E?i բեnu, UC?YaoUY A?U?Y?I ?aEեoC EaECIC iեOA, ei?o? eեIan??UCY բեnu: ?UeaCeai, CU OեeuC i?I aoYեY?Eai IեnC I?UaoY բ???Y` Aei iեe?IYեnC, iեn?I?eaooեoC yaon?A?UCY IaiեnC? ?e?YOCY գaUեn Cn բaEan N?nU?naoAUaoYYեnai, ?OբC ?aE??naoUA UեuեY?U?oU?Y UCcaoai, i?u caonA InIuC U?unU?Y N?U?n, ?EեIin?I?Y ICA I??U?IեnaեEao N?U?n, NCY գaUեnA O???aEեoC, Yan iaNU?UCY ?nCYcYեn ?e?YOCY EY?UեEao ? IAao Iaiեn ??nOYեEao: ?aEan գaUեnA O???aEեoC, ?ei?Ei?a?iեoC Cn բaEan N?nU?naoAUaoYYեnai: IaiICAYեnC ? Y?En?a?YYեnC N?U?n գaUC ?եYuCY ICo ?Yuգi?գanIեEC i?n?IaoAUaoYaoU I?eaooեoC UC UեI ??NEC?? Cn բaEan N?nU?naoAUaoYYեnai, բ??Uaoai, eեO?YYեnai, Nեeaoei?oaoUoai ? ?e?YOCY i?u cnai բ?OYCu` ??E?i?YuCo Nեia EaO?YaoU, U?uniaoU ao գYaoU ?CY iaoY: ?nբ եe AY?aoYեoC IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYA, aiO?բaoIaoAUaoYA գiYiaoU ?n ?YUECA?n iC??IaoU: ?e ?Y??EC?C UCcaoai i??եnC ACiA N?eonC 1700-2660-C, anC Nեi??Yuai ?iեE?o?i բեnu?iiaoAUaoYA: ?գnaiեEYCI?I?Y I?YaYYեnA EnCi a?CY ICn?eiaoU, եe OեeY?nIեoC a?n?ni?oaoU, unգ?Y?I?Y ? N?Yu?UCY a?n?ni?YUaoAեnai: OY?o?I ??E?i?YuYեnA I?i?niեo A?U?Y?ICY ?aeaգaoU, բaoAaoU, I?Y?a N?iaoU, ?anaoU, UCc??n?UCY i?n ? ?UEY): ?i ei?o? բ?nOn բեnu, Y?EICYC Nեi N?UեU?iեEai ei?o? եe?IC բ?nOn բեnu, ?UeCYuY Y?EICYaoU ei?YaoU ?CY 80-90 iaY. բեnu, բ?Uo եe ei?o? 330 iaY. բեnu: IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYA aoYե 26.6 N?. aiO?iao ICn?YC NCY ?UգCYեn ? 9 N?. Yan?iaoYI ?UգCYեn, iYIեoC ? 12 N?. E?OaOC ?UգC: ei?YaoU ?CYu 13 iaY. ICn?YC բեnu, anA YaoUYCeI A?U?Y?ICY a?CY N?eoYaoU N?i?uեE: U?EICYaoU I?eեnC բYեnC eaCi?IեoaoU, բaoAaoU ? UY?o?I ??E?i?YuYեnA a?CY I?i?niaoU, aI?n O??ianaoU, anA YU?Y ?n i?UnC iC??IC, եe ?aEեoC iեn?բեnUaoYuA բեnu?iao I?eեnC U??IU?Y N?Y?եa: I?eեnC բ?A?I??an ? բ?A?IYեn a?in?eiեEai? ?UեY UC I?eCY եnIao a?iգ?n?I գaU?Oբ ?C i?ECe, NեiA E?eYեEai I?ECaoU?I?Y a?n?ni?YUaoA 0.5 Iգ. ? 1 Iգ. eaoaեn yaey?i ? I?i?naoU ?C aeaգU?Y, բaoAU?Y ao A?U?Y?ICY բեnu?N?i?uU?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA: ?U A?U?Y?I Y?EICYC 13 iaY. N?UեU?i եe ei?YaoU ?C 163 iaY. AYiCn iեe?IC, anCo UC?UY 108 iaY. CYuY?ACeYեnai aoO?nIaoU ?C OaeIi?, ?U?aCeai ?iեE?YaoU ?n IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y եI?UaoiA ? UC?YaoUY A?U?Y?I IaEiYiեe?I?YYեnC ?YOY?I?Y եI?UaoiA ? IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y ?Yբ?A?YեEC yaY?A, anA a?i??e ?n N?Y?Ce?YaoU ?CY?n?n?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեn I?i?nեEao: ?U` IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y Y?E?գ?N ECYեEao AYA?ouaoU, 1968-1975 AA. եe Y?E?OեeYեoC Yan ?anaoC I?eaooaoUA: ?i eIeեoC ?CY?n?naoAUaoYA, ( ?i?niեoC 2 i?ni? AYA?ouaoU), anCo Nեia OեeY?UaoE եO? Uan-E?nբեn?C Yan U?YI?a?niե?C ?CY?n?naoAU?YA` 48-50 N??. e?NU?YYեnaoU: ?i?Y?UCY eaiեiC ? aoeaoeaC i?Y I?eaooaoUA I?i?niեo aեiaoAU?Y UCcaoYեnC yaY?Cai: ?UեY i?nC եe I??U?IեnaեE եU ?CY?n?n?I?Y բ??U?aCeC ??E?i?YuYեn` cեnUaoYեnC I?eaooU?Y, ?ei?Ei?a?iU?Y, ?iiaiY?IYեnC I?eaooU?Y ? ?UE բ??U?aCeC ?CY?n?n?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեn: ?nբ եe IaEiYiեeaoAU?Y Y?E?գ?N ??nO?, CYO?YCo ?e?c 1967 A. IaEiYiեe?I?YYեnC i?nեiեncCY ??EunC N?eaoUAA a?n ?YoYaoU 1 e. 80 Iaa.-Co, բ?Uo CU A?U?Y?I 1968 A. UեI ??EunC N?eaoUAA I??Uեo 3 e. 50 Iaa., 1969 A. 4 e. 50 Iaa. 1970 A. 5 e., 1971 A. 6 e. 50 Iaa., 1972 A. 7 e. 20 Iaa., 1973 A. 7 e. 20 Iaa., 1974 A. ??E?i?I uni? N??iai 1 ??E?i?I unC N?eaoUAA N?e?i 8 e. 20 Iaa., CeI 1975 A. CYO iեO??aEեoCY O?eCeC ?nc?Y, aniեO e?NU?Y?UեnO ??nբեc?Y?I?Y NCYգ գUaoOեn UC?onեE ?CY ? eiեOIեE ?n?ue eaiEa?: eaiEa?aoU ??E?iեoC AY??UեYA 3 i?nC, u?YC an 4 e?NU?Y?UեnO գUaoO ??nOեE ?CY UեI Ea?an iYiեeaoAUaoY: eaiEa?A NCUY?I?YaoU ??nբեc?YoCYեn ? un?եn ?CY, anaYu Aei a?N?YcC NaO ?CY U??IaoU ? ?Y?eaoY a?NaoU C i?nբեnaoAUaoY Uեn N?UեnC ? aoYեCY UեI ?niaYaoAUaoYYեn aY?U?I Yn?Yu բY?IiaoU ?CY eaiEa?aoU, բ?Uo բaEan AYi?YCuYեnA ICnai?բ??aoU, ??uiaoU, eaoUգ?CAaoU ? UUaoe ??nբեc?Y?I?Y բY?I?i?UnեnaoU aoYեCY CnեYo iYiեeaoAUaoYA: Un?Yu բaEanA 1949-50 AA. iեO??aEiեoCY ??nբեc?Y, e?I?UY 5-6 ?UCe Nեia բaEanA Nեi iեn???nO?Y: eaiEa?C ??E?i?Yuai ?UYu?Y a?CY ?բ?OiaoU, CYau?Y CnեYo ?e?inai: eaiEa?A NCUY?I?YaoU ?Y?eY?a?N?I?Y ?n: ?e բ?Yc?n?բaei?Y?UCY IaoEiaon?YեnC U??IaoU OեeY?nIեoC ? I?eaooեoC cեnUaoYեn, բ?Yc?n?բaei?Y?UCY IaoEiaon?Yեn, UեuեY?U?oU?Y եYA?nIեoC, UեI NaO?UCY a???nYեn գaUaoAUaoY aoYեn, an a?n U??IiaoU, ?e?YOCY NaOեn CnեYo I?eaooi?Iu?UCY O?եnai, NaO?iեeuai Uaon?oiեo ? o?Yiեo eCEae?UCY IaoEiaon?Yեn, եգCai?oanեY ? ?n??I?OCI: OUaoe NaO?i?n?IaoAUaoYYեnA o?YaoU ?CY aaUC?an, aOaեO, eaE, ??aoU ? ?UE բ?Yc?n?բaei?Y?UCY IaoEiaon?Yեn, բ?Uo u?YC an ??nբեc?Y?I?Y Eե?iCY a?C iCn?aեiaoU, UեY?I N?UA եe ?C ?, u?YC an Uan?գ?iAC iYiեeaoAUaoYA գY?Eai i?i?YaoU ?n, Uեn Y?EICY ??NaoUU?YC ?nc?YC OեI?i?naoAUaoYA a?N?YcaoU ?n, an CYO iեO??aEեY Uan?գ?iAC iYiեeaoAUaoY? ?YO N?Ua?եoCY ? iեO??aEեoCY Uan?գ?iAC IaEiYiեeaoAUaoY: ??U?O?UYiեoC, CU IYaOYեnA UեI?oեE ? Iեn?oեE ?CY, Yn?Yu ?E EY?nեoCY, an եe գY?U Uan?գ?iCAaoU ??E?iեEao: Uan?գ?iCAaoU ??E?iեoC 1975-1977 AA.? OեI un O?eCeC ?ncIaUC եnInan? u?niaoO?n ??CI OCn?aU?YA եI?i Uեn iaoY? ?eեEai, an ?ncIaUC Y?EICY ?e?cCY u?niaoO?nA I?YaaoU ?: ԳY?E?oC Cn Uai` ?e?c?nIեo CYO ?n??YC ?Yi?e iYiեeaoAUaoYaoU ?Yi?e?aեi ??E?iեE: ?n??YC ?Yi?eiYiեeaoAU?Y i?n?IuA AY?գnIaoU ?n e?n??n?a?iC ??I?i?U?niC, ?aIiեUբեnU?YC, ?cUC?IYC, Uanu-O?n??, ??Ua?UY գanI?n?YC, aiOYao i?n?IuC, CYaaեe Y?? ?aeբaoE?OC, ?nեբaoYC A?Yգ?n?YC, Uaoբ?n??եYC Uan-E?nբեn?C ? O?nU?n??եYC ICo i?n?IuC ?Yi?e?iYiեeaoAUaoYA, anA UiYaoU ?n ?n??YC ?Yi?eiYiեeaoAU?Y Uեc: ?CUY?I?YaoU I?i?naoU ?CYu I?e?iYIaoU, Yan NaOեnC Uaon?oaoU, iYiեe?I?Y ?iեEC U??IaoU ? ?Y?eY?Iեn?UCY IaoEiaon?YեnC U??IaoU: OC?UY 1978 A. iYIiեo 163000 I?e ? En?oiեo ?Yi?eC UCc?YIU?E Yaen i?n?IaoAUaoYYեnA: i?nեI?Y 50-60 N???n I?e ?n iYIiaoU ? ?U?aեe I?nգC բեniեo ? գY?N?iiեo ?e?cY?I?nգ ?Yi?eYեnC I?nգCY? UCYa? 1992-1993 AA. unեnA: OեeuC yC?CI?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnA AեA??oYեEao Ya?i?Iai, Oeai, u?nu?nai NaOեnaoU Oեeuai ?ae ?anեEA բ?YianYեnC N?U?n ?Ai?n ?n, բ?YianYեnC OեeuC ??E?i?YuA AեA??oYեEao N?U?n եe ?YO?Uբ O??ianեoC ? O???aEեoC iեO?գIaO ? EanA NaOC ?եniA u?Y?aO գaoA?Y, anC UCcaoai u?Y??I ?IaeYեnaoU UYaoU ?n UC?UY I?eA iYIեE ? cnեE? ?n? Nեi??Yuai ?Yi?e?UCY i?n?IaoAUaoYA AY??nO?IiaoU ?n ? Yaen i?n?IaoAUaoYYեnA En?oiaoU ? EC?nAեu ?n ??eYaoU, yCY?Ye?I?Y UCcaoYեnC UեI EY?UaOaoAUaoY ?n ECYaoU: ?Yi?e?UCY i?n?IuaoU I?i?naoU ?CY Y?? IaoEiaon?I?Y I?e?iեe?IYեn` AYIao?եYC, բ?EեYC, ICn?YC, E?OaO, ???nU?i, ???iեYC, i?UnC i?YOեYC, EYOan? ?U I?i?n?I ??E?i?YuYեnC N?U?n եe aեiaoAU?Y IaOUCo ?nA?Y?oեE եU En?EaoeU?Y?

1. 1973 A. ei?o? ?u?Y??Y «??E?i?Yu?UCY ??euC N?U?n» 2. 1974 A. ei?o? ?u?Y??Y «??E?i?Yu?UCY գեn???YoaoAU?Y N?U?n» 3. 1972 A. ei?o? «aiia Y??Y ?u?Y??Y» 4. 1975 A. ei?o? «??E?i?Yu?UCY I?nUCn ?na?C ?u?Y??Y» 5. 1971 A. «Ca aia?iniaanoiue o?oa » 6. 1976 A. «??E?i?Yu?UCY ?nCaoAU?Y N?U?n» 7. 1970 A. «o?e?a?YI ??E?i?YuC N?U?n» ?u?Y??Y 8. 1985 A. CYO գY?N?iեoCY ??E?i?Yu?UCY iեiեn?Y ?ao??UU?U e??Գ?e ???Գ???? a?i?aeU?U Գ?ia?ԳA OU?o?I?UU?U ?E???i? O?e?U ?e` Գ?anգ aեinaeU?Ye, բY?IiaoU եU Uan-E?nբեn?aoU 1957 A. U?niC 1-Co: IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYaoU ??E?iեE եU 1957 A. U?niC 2-Co` anaեe ??nu?UCY բ?Yian: OY?o?I?YU?Y ?EբեniCY I?YaA?oեE եU ?U? N?U?iեO ??E?i?YuaoU: OY?o?I?YU?Y ?EբեniA, գUaoO?iYiեe ??E?iեEao A?U?Y?I??nc?YaoU, aa UC c?Yu aC : U? a?N?YcIai ?n ??E?i?YuC YI?iU?Uբ ? aoYեn ??i N?nգ?ECo բY?ianaoAUaoY AaOain?C, ??E?iaOYեnC YI?iU?Uբ, ??E?i?YuC a?A գY?N?iaoU եU բ?nOn U?I?n??IC: ?a?e` Գ?ia?Գ ?ao??UU?U? a?iO?IU???o

?ane iaNUCY ?Yi?YaoU ?CY ?ao??YU?Yu, Yn? Nan ?YaoYA եOեn ?n Ia?U?Y, IYi?I 1807 A., Nane Uan ?YaoYA i?n?aoNC ?n, IYi?I 1825 A.: ?ane UեI Nan ?YaoYA e?nգCe ? եOեE, Nane եOբ?UnYեnCo UեIA? ??NեY, UUaoeA? ?aiN?YYեe: ?ane ?eեEai? UեI N?Une եnIao եOբ?Un, եnIao uaoUn aoYեoեE ?, UեIA? ?ao??YCI, UUaoeA? ?YY?: OեYu ?U? YaoUY ?YaoYYեnA ?nեE եYu Uեn ??i?IYեnCY: ?YY?Y CU ?aun ?OcI?Y ?YaoYY ?, CeI ?ao??YCIA CU եOբane Cn ?OcI?Y ?YaoYY ?, an ?UAU ?anaoU ? ?գCaiaeaoU: ??Une ?eaoU ?n, an Cn UեI N?UnA UC u?YC uaoUn ao եOբ?UnYեn aoYեn, an եnբ a???N?e եY եOեE, գY?oեE եY i?nբեn եnInYեn? գanI ??nեEao: Գ?o?I iեOեnYCY ?E ??E?iեn ao NaY ?E ?UaoeY?oեn եY, UY?oեn եY: OեIA գ?oեn ? u?aon, UUaoeYեnA? Iaon?eaoY, eեբ?eiC?, E?nբեn?: E?nբեn? UY?oaOYեnCo CU UեI N?Une ?n, UեI ?E ?aieե? ?e?iaonU?YC UեI U?UnA: ?aieե?CY U?UnA ?ao??YU?YC iaNUCo ?n: ?ane UեI NanA uaoUnեnCo UCY N?ne ? գ?oեn ??nCIC ??եY ԳUaoOA, Y?? UC եOբ?Un ao NaY ?UaoeY?oեn ?: ?ane Uan IaOUCo iaNUA Գ?anU?Yu եY ?eiեn, ?YaoYA i?n?aoNC Գ?anU?Y: ??UnA E?nբեn? ? IYiեE: oe?Y i?nեI?YեY եIեn ? i?nCI, NaY ?E ?UaoeY?oեE ?, UեI U?Une ?E ?UaoeY?oեE ? UեI Nane Nեi ?Ia?U?YC Nեi): ??Une ?eaoU ?n, an CnեYo iaNUA ??i UեI ? եOեn, Nan NanեOբan iOեnuA ? uaoUnեnA, եnIao NanեOբan iOեnuA (aoYեoեn ? ?UaOEao iOեnu? ԳnCգan ? U??Y, եAե aեU eE?ECn, I?U ԳnCգanC եOբ?UnY ? ? I?U NanեOբan iOեY):

?e բ?Ei aoYեo? 1926 A. գ?E ??U?ei?Y: 1967 A. AեnAC UCcaoai CU?o?, an ԳnCգan ?ao??YU?YA aOc ? ao ?anaoU ? Uan-E?nբեn?aoU: ?եYo N?can? unA գ?oC ?n??Y, Uan-E?nբեn? ao գi? Uan-E?nբեn?C NCUY??CnYեnCo an-Y U??YCY ??UAU U?N?o?I), Yn?Yo UCcaoai գi? ?ao??YU?YYեnC iaoYA? Uaie aoYեY?Eai UեI Nane YI?nA: ?եYo an ԳnCգan ?UaOECY iեe?i CU UեI Nane YI?nA, eIe?i E?E ao ??Y?aեo? AeեEai. «?Ue YI?nA CU NanեOբan iO?Y ?, Ia?U?YA, ua CYaA IAE?U»? AeC CU UեI N?Une ?, ??A?Aiեo CYOC, a?aեo ao E?o?i: aեU InY?n եn??I?UեE, an InY?U եnբ?? Uae?Y?E ?U? ??i Nao?Ca iեe?n?YA: i?YA U?n? aCI?n, Nեia եI?i ?OcCIA, an Cn Nեi ?n UYaoU: ?YY?Y, ??i IA o?iCU, an ao? I?YaA?o?, N??Ci եnեu I?U aane ?Yգ?U iեeեn ?C ao CU?o?, an U?N?oեn ?: U? aoYC եnIao iO?` e?nգCeA ? eե?n?IA ? եnIao ?OcCI` ?YY?Y ? ?ao??YCIA: ?e UC?i գYaoU եU Yn?Yo iեeYեEao ao Yn?Yo Nan NC??i?IA UC?i a?NaoU եU CU eniaoU:

?U Nan iaNUC ??գ?YaoYA I?nIեU, եAե aեU eE?EiCn, եOեn ? ?OcI? IaOUCo, anA CnեYo NanեOբan iOaoY Nեi ? ?UaoeY?oեn E?nբեn?aoU, ? ?YaoYA ?ao??YCI ? եOեn: ?Iեn եY i?nCICo, anA E?nբեn?Co Iեe A?U Nեeao ?n: ?U? գUaoOA caonC YեOaoAUaoY aoYեCY եOեn, e?nեnCo բեnaoU ?CY caonA ?aoUEեnai: OC un ?ao??YCIC N?UnA եIեn ? ?OcI?Y Uai, N?UnA C?E?Y?I?Y AYi?YCuCo ? եOեn: ??UnA N?no ? iiեn ?OcI?Y, an գa՞N եe, Aե՞ ?Aբ?Ei, ?OcCIA Ae?I IAEE?, an եe ??i գaN եU, UեY?I UC բ?YCo եU ??i YեOiaoU` cnCo: ?եeao iեOCo caon եYu բեnaoU, UCYa? iեO եYu N?eYaoU A??iaoU ?, IեeY ? UYaoU: ??UnA eեբ?eiC?UCo U?n?CI ? EaOai?IYեn ? բեnaoU, caonA e?nCo u??aoU ? UCYa? ?OcI?Y ?an?I iեOA: i?Y ?e?c ?OբUaon ? e?nuեn ? ?YaoYA ?nեn ?ao??YեYo ?OբUaon: U?? ??գ?YaoYCY NaYIե ?aone ? եIեn ?ao??YեYu, ?ao??YU?Y: ??i?IYեn aoYեoեn եY ao բ??U?oեn ao oniեE գUaoOեnaoU, E?nբեn?aoU, eեբ?eiC?UaoU, ?n?բICnaoU ? ?UEaon: ao բaEan iեOեnA N?U?nU? UեI I?U UC u?YCeA ?ao??YU?YYեnC ?nU?i ?nեn եY:

1833 A., 26 i?nեI?YCY UեI N?Une Cn NanեOբan iOao Nեi գY?oեE եY aaECe ??E?iեEao: ?UY A?U?Y?I ?եnIao iO?, եnIao ?OcCIA) N?Une UY?oեn ? եnեEaYo Nեi: ?nեYo i?YA ?anեE եY ue?Y ?YO` eIեeaon, eIեen?Un, iեգn, iեգan ICYYեn, i?Eեn ? 14 եnեEեu: U?N?aեi?I?Y AYi?YCu եY եOեn: OCYa? 1904 A. E?O?O IU?Yu եY aoYեoեn: ?եia eIeiեE ? i?n?բ?Ei c?n?A: ?YI?E CnեYo I?UuCo Yn?Yu ?E ?nA?Y?o?Y ?U? ??eA iC??ICY: EեO? i?ie ?e?Yo ?UaoeYaoUY գ?OAC ??U??Y ?n բeYեE Cn YU?YYեnC Nեi? IaneoYեEai ?UaoeCYCY, N?n???iYեnCY: ?i aane ??i?IYեnai un ao գC?եn u?EեEai N?eեn եY UC գUaoOC` ?n?բICn, NaY ??i?IYեnCo եnեuA UC Aaonu AYi?YCuC Uai ?nեn ?, CeI CYuA ?U? U?n?I?Yo եOբan Uai I?e? ? Uiեn? UC iO?Y NեiA iեnoYեEai, anA CU N?UnY ?n, ?n?եY UaA i?nեI?Y: O?UnA ?U? i?YA ??E?iեECe ? եOեE, CeI iO?Y ?E ?U? AYi?YCuCY aaբ?Y ? եOեn: ??U?nU? եnIao i?nC NaY UY?Eaoo Nեia ?UaoeYaoUY NanեOբan iO?Y E?nբեn?Co եIեn ?, Yn?Yo iեeեn ?, iեnonեE i?nեE ? U?Un ao iOaoY, CeI եnեu ??i?IYեnA UY?oեn եY ?U? Aaonu AYi?YCuC Uai:

OCYa? 1914 A. UY?oեn եY E?nբեn?, InICY ?Yգ?U գ?OAC ??U??Y բeYեn եY: Un?Yu ?anեECe եY եOեE IեnICn գUaoOaoU, ?U? A?U?Y?I N?Une 14 i?nեI?Y ? եOեn: i?ie գ?oեn ?, an եnեu ??i?IYեnA iեnoYC ao UC?eCY i?YC, aon an aCiC գY?Y, NaY a? գiեn ?U? AYi?YCuA, ?eեn եY, an O?U?E?AaoY գ?oեn եY? OCYa? NaY գ?oեn եY, բ?Uo ?EC aեY գiեn եnեEaYo: ?eեn եY, an ?UեnCI?oCY anբ?Yao ? բ?oեn ao N?i?uեn ao NեiYեnYCY UCYa? ?UեnCI? i?nեn եY: ?U?aCeai եnեu ??i?IYեnCY NեiuA IanoYեEai? EեO? i?iCIe NaoUeA Iin?I UC iOaoY iեnoYեEai AaOain?C Nեi CYIեn ? ??U??? գ?OAC: ??Une ?U? A?U?Y?I եnեu N?i OaoI aoYեoեn ?? Iaiu E?Co iեnon?I, an IaoaoU a?Nեn ?n: ??E?nNե ??E?nN U?Y գ?Eai N?eեn եY ??Eեa: OCYa ?U? CU UեI N?Une եIեn ?, N?eեn ?գCaiae: ?nբ, an N?eեn ? ?գCaiae, ??EեaCo U?n? ? եIեn Y? iեeեn, N?no ao ?anO ?nեE ? Cn IYac ao ??i?IYեnC U?eCY, CU?oեn ? an Yn?Yu ??EեaaoU եY: ??UI?I?Y եIեOեoCY Y?U?I IA գnե ? IA EY?nե ?e?cYan?CY, an uգYե Cn IYacA ?գCaiae aoO?nIեEao: 1918 A. UեI U?Une IA N?eYC Cn iOaoY Nեi ?գCaiae: OեI N?Une ??i IA YեOiC, an ??i?IYեnCo եnեuA aCI?Y: ??Une I?UaoeY?Y? ?գCaiaeaoU, ?n?բICnoC UC ?OcI? Nեi, an U?Une ? Ui?n? OCnCc?YU?Y: 1920 A. UեI N?Une IA UեIYC InICY aaECe? NaYIե ?YoYեEai AaonuC?, an aեiu ? գY?n E?nբեn?? iեn AEE?Eao CnեYo iaoYCY, iեOCY? եnեu ??i?IYեnA գiYեEao UCiuai, Io?YI?n UCYa? ?UեnCI? գY?E ao anaYեE ??i?IYեnCY: ??eae, aaECeaoU IA E?եY Yn?Y: ?ane եOբan ?OcCIA 1924 A. եI?i, Y? Cn ?auեnai iեeեE ? E?եEYCY UեI Nane: OC u?YC I?Y?Yoai ?ae եY ?anեn ao A?Oեn եY ?e?Yo A?U ao a?i?n?գC: ??Une aane ??i?I aoYեn, UեI եOբ?Une? ??nեNA Ian?I, եe` ??naoNCY ?UAU I?anCYu ICnai?I?YaoU: oaoUne? eCni?n?A ?anaoU ? I?Y???UaoU, CeI եOբ?Une` EanեYA ?anaoU ? ?գCaiaeaoU: ?e aoYCU UaA ??i?I եnIaoeA I?Y???UaoU, NCYգA ICnai?I?YaoU, aoYCU i?eYեnIao AaeYեn:

1949 A. N?Une U?N?oեn ? ?գCaiaeaoU, 1956 A. U?N?oեn ? U?Une? Ui?n? e?nգCeC OCnc?YU?Y ?65 i?nեI?Y N?e?IaoU): ?e IYiեE եU 1920 A., Aa??I?eao եYu եe ? ?UaoeCYe: ?eI եe Nane IYY??i?UnCo aa UC iեOեIaoAUaoY aaoYեU, anaiNեi? aեU iեeեn: ?Ya iեn?բեnaoU ? CU ?Ue գnaoAU?Ye, an գnեn եU, բaEanA CU NanUե ? UեI UaneUե CU?oեn եU: OC?UY UC NC??i?I ?C a?Nեn CU Nane գUaoOCo? Iaiu E?Co UC N?i aan OaoI ?n, an N?Une IaoCY Uեc բեnեn ?n: ?Y Nane ?UaOEao iO?Y ??aieե? ?e?inU?Y) iեnonեo CYO?YCo Nեi i?Eao UCiuai, aC iiեo, U?N?o?i, ICYY ?E գoեn ? ?Oբ?YaoA: eniCe UեI ??n? եO?i, an CU Nane UC?I NC??i?IA գY?o OեeuCoe: ???O ??Ia?U?U

IYiեE եU 1886 A. ?UaoeեYCI գUaoOaoU: ??Une ? Uեn Y?EYCYեnA ?բ?OiեE եY N?o?գanIaoAU?Uբ: ?e aoeaoUe ?eեE եU ?i?YC ?anaoaoU ? ?UեnCIU?Y uaEեc-i?nA?n?YaoU: ?e?cCY i?nCYեnCY ?բ?OiեE եU ?եn?U?բaoIaoAU?Uբ, ao?եoC գY?E ?aeAaY? ?CaEaU ei?Y?Eao, բ?Uo N?Une i?Eեo?i, an ?UեnCI?UեY a??eY?U, aC AaOaoo: OC E?YaoA բ?oեoC ? ?e?inai ?բ?OiեoC: 1915 A. c?n?C A?U?Y?I I?e?i?naoAUaoYA ana? ?nNեei?ianYեnC ???i AaOեo, ?U? AiaoU Uեn AYi?YCuA ?e aեiu ? UY?n: Iaoe?I?EC բ?o?I?UaoAU?Y A?U?Y?I Nane բeYեoCY ao i?n?Y e?nA ?UnեoCY, CeI ?UY բեIA, anA UեI գaoU?n ?n, ei?oեE Uե? a?Nեo: ?e UC u?YC N?o?գanI i?naեiYեnC Nեi eIeեoC N?o?գanIaoAUaoYA: iեncaoU բեIC Nեi Ieiեo?, Y? UaA iO? aoYեn, ana?եE ?n CYO ea?YեE, եe eiCai?I եO? un?եnC Nեi ?եneCU ??EaեE? ?YICo ?n?YI?: 1916A. :OC i?nC iեnc գY?oC ?n?naoU : OC OUեe UY?Eaoo Nեia ??E?Yu e?nCO?UC?, Nեia AբCECeC, UCYa? ?nU?iCn: ?nU?iCnaoU U?eY?ianC Uai ??E?iեo?: 1918A. eaCi?IYեnA ??E?Y? ana? գUaoO?oCYեnCo OCեn գaO?Y?Eai: 3 un u?O?uC NeIaOaoAUaoYA I?U?ian եnCi?e?n?YեnC OեeuA եO?i, եe ?E Uեn ?aOaoC EUբC Uեc ?C: 3 un Nեia 11-n? բ?Y?IA? ?i?YaiC OեI?i?naoAU?Uբ, IեeunCY Ui?i ?nU?iCn: OC un Nեia եe N?UiYեoC, an U?IaoբaiC գanI?n?YA գn?iեE եU, EY?nեU U?n? aoO?nIեu եO?I ?an?YuYեnA Oե? N?YOYեU: ?nU?iCnaoU գanI?n?YaoU anaեe բ?Yian ??E?iեo?, Nեia a?Nեei?aեi ? iYiեei?n: 1925A. AY?aoYiեo? IaUaoYCei?I?Y Iaoe?IoaoAU?Y ??nuեnA: ?e? anaեe գanIIaUC ?Y??U EY?nեoC UC ?anao I?eaooեE եnI?AգIC NUaoeCe?UCY IaOUA, aniեO գ?OA?I?Y N?Uեn ??i I?UCY, CU EY?CnuA aUեnAiեo? OC ?anaoC ?եYu I?eaooiեo? 5 ??e?n?YC N?U?n, aY?U?I u?O?uaoU 2 ?anao ? 1 U?YI?a?niե? I?n: ?e բ?oC գanI?n?YC ??E?i?YuCo U?Eբ?Y?U?Y ?anaoC 9 ? 10-n? ??e?n?YC ???IեniYեnCY u?O?u?գCiaoAUaoY ?C i?ECe, CeI CnCIaoYYեnA YaoUY ?IaoUբaoU anaեe i?nCa ?C ??E?iaoU: ei?YaoU ?C 100 unCY?I «EanNn??UC ??U?ei?Y» AեnA ? onCaYեnC UCcaoai բ?A?YaoU ?C բ?YianYեnCY: ?IaoUբCY ICo I?eaooեoC գanգC ?niեE? N?U I?Y?Yo N?U?n: ?e?cCY գanգA E?n?ICaU?YA գanIեo, ei?ECYC YI?n ?n, aoO?nIեoCYu OaeIi?, anCo Nեia AaoUE?inեoCY UC ?ni??n?U?e ?e I??U?IեnaեE? ?? I?IIaoYեnC ?ni??n?U?eY ?n: aեiu ? ?eեE, an ?nU?iCnaoU ??i ?CY ao???naoAUaoY ??nOYaoU ??գեnC ?aun?U?eYaoAU?YA: 1931 A. ?aE??niեoC ?n??Y? CYO N?YOY?n?nեoCY ECYեE E?nբեn?C ?CY?n?naoAU?Y OեI?i?n? OC u?YC ?եYu I?eaooեEaoo Nեia Uեn NaO?U?eA N?YOYեoCY «?n?n?iinեeiCY», anA eIeեo UեI i?n?IaoAU?Y in? aiO?iao I?eեnC ? E?OaOC U?iեnC iYIaoU:

1935 A. eaiEa?A EaoI?niեo ?U? i?n?IaoAUaoYaoU: E?nբեn?aoU ?anao aI?n, եnեE?YեnA A???գUaoO ?CY գYaoU ??i ?Ai?n ?n, եe IYace? eեբեI?UCY, EY?nեoC, an ?aunեnC Nեi a?n?aC? ?U? A?U?Y?I O??U?YU?Y OCe?IA ?e?o, an E?nբեn?C O?YaoIA 10000 ?aE?n Ii?IեE ?? ?CY E?nբեn?aoU ?anao I?eaooեEao: Iaian?IYեnC a?i??eai ?U? գaoU?nA «??U բ?nեգanI?I?YC» Uai ?? ?e UC ?CUaoU գnեoC, an ?U? գaoU?nA aoO?nIեY Uan-E?nբեn?aoU ?anao I?eaooեEao, aA N?caOiեo: «??Yian» AեnAaoU UC Na?i?I գnեoC? YanեY aa? eiCai?I եO? N?n??Y գUaoOC ???IեniYեnA CnեYo In?nYեnai բեnեE, YI?nեE, ?U? YI?nYեnA aoO?nIեoC, anai N?caOiեo 7500 ?aE?n ?aE?YoեE AaOIaUEanN? AYI. IaoEaU?YCY, anA բ?i?I?Y գaoU?n ?E CnեYo IaOUCo ?iեE?onCY ? ?anaoA եO?i: 1933 A. ?UեnCI?UCo գaoU?n aoO?nIեoCY ? 2 N?i U?n??i?n ?iia, anaYoCo UեIA iiCYu cnUaoOC i?nCaCY, anA A???գUaoOCo UCYa? ?anao EUեEao caon ?YoI?onեo, UUaoeA iiCYu ?Eo?YoCY, anY ?UY A?U?Y?Ii? ?եYuեnC EaoUe ?YoI?onեo: ?e ?բ?OiեoC ?եYuեn I?eaooեEai:

1933A. Uեn NaOեnCo iiCY «?n?n?iinեeiCY», anA eIe?i aiO?iao ? E?OaOC ?UգCYեn U??IեE: 1935A. eaiEa?A EaoI?nuC եYA?nIiեo: O?U?nEaoC e?UIaUA CYO N?YOY?n?nեo IaEEa? I??U?IեnaեE: 2 i?nC եO? IaEEa?C Y?E?գ?N: Un?YCo iեnc ?i?Y?UCY eaiEa?C Y?E?գ?N: 1935A., եnբ un?YeC?UCo E?nբեn?oCYեn եI?Y, եe AYIեn OCIaU?YCo EY?nեoC, an?? գanI?n?Y I?eaooեE: U? I?nգ??nեo, ? U?Yi?Iu?UCY գanI?n?Y I?eaooեoCY: OC u?YC i?nC ?i?Y?UCY eaiեiC Y?E?գ?N եO?, anCo Nեia գanI?n?YaoU NeICa: 1925A. ?CUaoUC NCU?Y in? ?Ce AY?aoYեoCY a?niC?UC ??nuեnA: ?UAU aեU ??E?iaoU ei?YaoU եU ?YN?i?I?Y Aa??I, anA CYO EnCi ?a?NaiiaoU ?: 09. 10.1977A. U??U I???a?i? i??-a?i?aeU?U ?UoU?I?Ue?Գ?aoAUaoU

IYi?I եU 1885A. NaoYCe ?Ueao Uեc E?nբեn?C ??iեU գUaoOaoU: ??iեUC բY?IaaoAUaoYA NCUY?I?YaoU IA ?բ?Oiեn եnIn?գanIaoAU?Uբ: Oեn գUaoOC IE?I?Y ?anaoA u?YC UA i?nC UCUC?UY OUեeYեnA N???EեEai? EIi?I եU NaO?գanI?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnaoY: Oեn Y?EYU?o ?n??n IYaOue, an aoeU?Y in? գ?O???n aaoYեCY, NaO?գanIaoAU?Uբ a?n?aեEA ?UեY?a?n? N?UեnեY գnեEե, I?n??Eե Y?E?UեI?n IA N?U?nեCY: 1908A-C OUեeA e. e?nգCe a?NuC iեncCY ICn?ICY, 17 i?nեI?Y N?e?ICe Uեc, ?UaoeY?o?I եU ?aieե?եYo ??naoAUaoYC ?OcI?? iեnaYCI?UC Nեi: 1908-C NaoECeCY a?n?բ?eiCI e?NU?Y??naoAUaoYA Iaoգ?, eaoEA?Y ??UC?A A?AEեY i?n I?eYեY, CAACN?i Iaoe?IoaoAU?Y IaOUե: ??UեnY ?E anaեe ueU?YoCYեn N?i?e?n?aեe IA ?CYian?գniեY Aaonu բ?Y?ICY: 1911 ?CYian?I?Y a?ni?I?YaoAU?Y IA I?YaiCU, IYaOue եnInC ?CYian?I?Y unեYuC N?U?O?UY 51 ueU. NYaUaoY aeIC aCiECe Iao i?Y, ?U? a?i??eai 3 i?ni? ?CYian?a?ni?I?YaoAUaoYe UCUC?UY 3 ?UCe I?e?UեEai Oե?CnեUC Uեc? եe ?aone եI?: 1909A. NaoECeC Uեc ?OcCI ??i?I UA aoYեo? ?YaoYA EC? UIniiեo?i, եnInan? ?OcCI ??i?I UA aoYեo?` e?eCI: OUեeA` e?NU?Y??naoAU?Y iեnc, E?nբեn?C N?UaoAU?Y եnCi?e?n?aoAU?Y 100-եY 30-A aiei?NեEai եnCiAaonu I?e?i?naoAU?Y ?YIեOIaoAU?YA, EaoeYեn?U Oգեo Cn IYY??i?UnA ? UեIYեoCY ?UեnCI?? a?Y?EiaoAU?Y? ?n?եY 1880A. eIeU?E 6 Y?N?YգYեnao N?UaoAUaoYեY ?aun U?e UA IA գ?OAեn ?եaC ?UեnCI?? NaY CnեY N?U?n ?a?ei?Y գiYեEai ? Nեi?գ?UaoU AYi?YCuY ao ??i?IYեnY ?E i?YեEao: 1912A. YaUեUբեn 16-CY 25-30 եnCi?e?n?Yեnao Nեi, an բ?nCIեoCIYեn InY?UCY YI?iiեE, IA OգCU N?Une` I?n?aեiA, U?Une` ?eC?eCUեY, uaoUne` i?n?aoNC, ICYe ? եnIao ??i?IYեne ao IA UեIYCU ?UեnCI?` iaE?nC ??E?nNA, CYaaեe գ?o?I ?CY բ??U?ACi ??գ?I?YYեn: 8 un ?iE?YiU?Y uiIC?YaeC in? ??U?an?եoC ? 1913-C ?e?cCY onCeUeC unA N?e? UUao Uanu: ?YIե aoOO?IC ??EyaEe գY?oC, aon e?nգCeA IA UY?n? ?U? unA ??EyaEeC Uեc գiYiaO ??iեUoCYեnao N?U?n iaY?I?Y un UA եO?i: ?UեY ??iեUoC ??iեUեY E?anCI UA, Eaon UA Iao?եn Eeեn CnեYo iYեoCYեnեY : ??EyaEeեY UեIYեo? aouuեY, NaY ?CY NanեOբane ??i?IYեnA? Գ?nեգCY, e?nգCe, ԳnCգan: 1913A. eIe? ??գ?UCY I?e?UaoAUaoYYեne, Ui? ?. ?. A UCaoAU?Y Uեc, an ??E?nNC ?UեY IaOUA գiYiaO N?U I?naiU?ECY, N?U եnIn?գanICY uգYaoAU?Y N?eYaO բ?nեeCnեI?Y UեI UCaoAUaoY UAY ?n: UaoUY i?nCY Y?? ?Y??U?գniեo? ??iեUC EaoUe-aoeaoU AYIեnaoAU?Y ? e?UI?i?n Iaoe?IoaoAU?Y, iեncCYe N?U ??գaoAU?Y u?O?u?I?Y ?YI?EaoAUaoY UA Oեeu բեnեEao Eaonc ??E?i?Yu IA i?Yեn: ?U? 3 UCaoAU?Y U?eY??UaoOեnao aouuեIեY, iCinaCi, aoein ? aouAA?eaYC YUaoA?I?Y ? բ?naU?I?Y I?nեEC ?c?IoaoAUaoYA բեn?I եU, եO?I եU i?na?I?Y, CeI aoeinC ? aoaAnA?aoYC ??U?ei?YU?o եIեOեoia Naգեբ?nOaoAU?Yo Uեc ?iեY??anaoAUaoYA i?n?I եU: ?UեnCI?UC Uեc 1913-1919AA. Iaoe?Io?I?Y ? ??գ?UCY բaEan բ?nեeCn?I?Y բ?o?eCI N?Yգ?Y?IaoAU?Yo U?eY?Io?I եU: 1919A. ?UեnCI? OգեEai? UեIY?I եU ICECIC?? NaY ?E ??գ?UCY ???i?գn?I?Y EaoUբեnao Uեc N?Uեei բ?ACY բեn?I եU YUaoA?aեe, բ?naU?aեe, ?CYianI?Y?aեe? UiYեEai eCei?Y ?n??i?EUբC Uեc? 1920A. eեaiեUբեnC 1-CY ?Eեue?Y?nեAC in?Uai aaECe IA UեIYCU, ?YIե E?nբեn?C Uեc i?nեգnaoAUaoYC aOc iեn?anaO IYace ? UC?I ??i?ICe Eaon UA ei?Y?Eao: 3 ?UCe aaECe UY?Eե iեnc? 1920A. ?եIiեUբեnCY 100 ?YOC a?? ICECIC? iեn???nOaO գ?OA?I?Yեnao in? anaեe NeICa IY??Y?IiեU ??գ?UCY EY?U?i?naoAU?Y IaOUե? un?YeC?I?Y C?E?YaoAU?Y N?i?YaoAU?Uբ IA UեIYեYu YanCo ICECIC?:

U?iA 2 un ??UCn IեY?EaoY , Y?iեY ??UCn Cc?I գY?oC N?Uao ?e?cYan??n?Y ? եIեOեoC uni?Y ?e?cYan? ?բn. ?CYaYC. ?nu. aI. eaonC?Y ? ?n?եEU?Y U?UaoEC EUբ?գCn ?ni?Y? ao O?UaoaU?YC Nեi iեe?IoեE ? iեnc: U? iեn???nO?i: U?iA Cn ??Uբ?Y ??naoY?Iեo: 3 unեY OեneCYC Y?i?N?YգCei Cc?Yu ? ?YIե ???Y? գY?oC:1920A. NaoYCeCY ICECIC?Y IAOգեU ? IAiեn???eY?Y ?UեnCI?? un?YeC?UC in?Uai: o?nC? N?eYեEaoe aaOae ???? Uaoa?nC ?OU?IA I?UoեEեU ICECIUa ??գC a?iiCn?IaoAU?Y YեnI?U?oaooCa iC?n OCNn?Y i?U?EU?YC գեOեoCI UեI N?YOY?n?naoAU?Uբ: ?aY IA ?nA?Y?Y?U a?iia AեU?eեO?YCY UA: ?aoECeC 16-CY ?UեnCI? IN?eYեU, ?Ue եnInan? ?Yգ?U: OC?UY 3 ?UCe IA UY?U ?UեnCI?UC Uեc, ? ?U? 3 ?UCeA բaEan ??գ?I?Yեne, գUaoO?oCYեne ao I?YaAYեne i?u a?iia ? N?nգ?YuC eեO?Yեnao ao NUaon?eCnaoAUaoYYեnao I?nA?Y?Y?U: 1920A. ?եIiեUբեnCY YanCo ?UեnCI?Y OգեEai IA UեIYեU eaonC?? ??Eեa u?O?uA, ??U?aoe in? IA N?Y?CaեU un?YeC?, ?գCaiae ao 3 un ?E ?Eեue?Y?nC? IA UY?U: in?Y?Ci Y?iai ?եUnaoA IN?eYCU: ??EեaC Uեc ?E IeIeեU ??գ?UCY I?e?UaoAU?Y ??E?i?YuYեn, NCUY??CnYեnեY IEE?U E?Eբեn?C N?n?ICo գUaoOեnao UCaoAU?Y I??UaoAU?Y: ?եi?գ?UaoU E?nբեn?C UCaoAU?Y ?e?YOCY i?naaoAU?Y ? CU c?Yuեnai 100 ???Iեniai ?anao UA Iբ?oiC, E?nբեn?C aoeaooCa ? aoeaooaaoNCYեnai, anaYu «??n?i» գaEե?C ?nc?Y?i?niYեn ?CY:

??EեaC Uեc ?UեYեY ?au?eao գanIe IEE? ??i UA I?YaAYեnao ? բ?nեI?UYեnao EY?n?YuYեnC ? N?YOY?n?naoAUaoYYեnao in?, A?U?Y?I UA I?բ?OiCU, AaonuC, ?n?բYեnao ? ?Y?a?iYեnao Uեc I?E?YuC i?I եOaO N?U ii?n?Y?C iեn?anaOYեnao ??գ?UY?I?Y գanIai, բ?i?I?Y iO?Yեnao ???iU?Y a?i??e IEE?U? E?nբեn?oCY, iCգn?Y?IեnioCY, O?E?AU?UoCY ? ?UEu, aony?UեY, OեnOCYեY, iեn-?E-?anեY, ?UեY IaOUեnեY ??EoYեE i?Eai? ??Eեa բեnեE Iaoi?UC ? ?YaoYYեnA IA OnIեC ?UեnCI?UC AեnAեnaoY: ?Ue Iեnaai I?anOեC Aaonuեnao IaOUե ?YU?n?I?UCY N?U?ea?Y Iaian?IYեnCo ?no?I Uեn ??գC ?aunCI U?eaoYuYեnA ?nIեE? AYIեn eaoբեYC aOբ?EaoU? գanIC a?I?eY ?n, an IA ??naoY?IեC CU eե??I?Y aoAեnaoe Yեn?ICY a??ai ? ?եe i?eYU?I i?n?գCn N?U ICYեn, ?OcCIYեn ? iO?Yեn (aU?Uu CnեYo N?U AE?EA գCiեCY, aU?Yu a?CY գCiեn) IA UY?CY AaonuC ? ?Y?a?iYեnA in?Y?բY?I ?n?բYեnao Uai: ?eIե??i Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?Y 1922A. iեnc ???i ?niaYaoAU?Uբ ??Eեa N?eYaO բ??U?ACi iեn?anaO N?Uեnao uգi?I?n N?Y?Ce?oեn եU Aե YUaoA?aեe, Aե բ?naU?aեe: «??n?i» un?AեnACY ?E ??EեaC Uեc NCUY??CnYեnեY եO?I եU: UaoUYaեe 1946A eIC?բA Cբn Yեnգ?OAA eIe?Y: ?eIե u?YC UA ?UCe ?e?c Yեnգ?OAC IaUCiե UA NCUYiեo?i, ? ??Eեa u?O?uC ?UեY IaOUեnA գn?eեYU?IYեn բ?oiեo?Y: ??U?ei?Y եnA?E o?YI?oaOYեnao ?nO?Y?գnaoAUaoYYեnA a?in?eiեEao 20 գn?eեYU?I բ?oiեo?Y ?U??UE A?O?U?eեnaoY Uեc:

?e?cCY գn?eեYU?ICY i?nCaC I?e?UaoAUaoYA I?i?nեoC: ?nբ ??EեaC ?nO?Y?գnaoAUaoYYեnA En?o?i, IaUCiեC IaOUե OnIiեo? ?Y?a?iYեnA` OեuեYC, ??U?U, e?գ?, iեn ?E ?an ?a? oեU?E eaoi?n ?YIե iեnc ?UE iեOեn: ?aY գiYiaO N?UեnA ?nO?Y?գn?I եU, 8 ?UCe ?e?Yo i?nO?inaoAU?Y ??E?i?Yu ?n?I եU: ??U ??գC ??nեnao եn??A ?Ue Yեnգ?OAai U?e?Uբ Cn?I?YaoAUaoY ??nO?i, ?ni?գ?OACY N?can?եo Yեnգ?OA: ?I?i բ?Ei?ianaoAUaoYA CU ao CU AYi?YCuC: 1946A. eեaiեUբեnC 26-CY unA 6000 N?UnեY???nOYեn «eaeC?» Y?iai IA OգեYu ECa?Y?YC, aեUnaoAC գեO?ICI?O ??եnA: 5 unեY aaEea ?ec?եY? ??ni?YեE ? ?aeyanեY IA N?eYCYu ??AaoU? E. OCaoAUaoY? 5-10 un NaY UY?EեY iեnc, բեeY?i?գaYYեnai գY?ouai IA N?eYCYu ?n??Y: ??U?ei?YC ?UեY IaOUեnA oniեo?Y N?UnեY???nOYեnA: OեI U?eA ?n??Y ? ?nc?YYեn: ?UեnCI?UC N?UեnեY?Io?I?Y UCaoAUaoYYեnao IaOUե NCUYi?I ?i?YYեnao Uեc N?ei?iiեo?Y? Uan-?n?բICn, Uan-O?E?AC?, Uan-eեբ?eiC?, Uan-E?nբեn? ? ?UEY: ?e IA N?ei?iiCU Uan-E?nբեn?: ?Yaaեe NC?եoC, ??Eեa եO?I A?U?Y?I 1922A. iեncA AaonuCa YեnuCY գ?i?eYեnao Uեc iեn?anaO N?UaoAUaoYA eIe?i eaonC?` ??Eեa գ?E:

eaonC?Y ?UY A?U?Y?I yn?YeC?I?Y C?E?YaoAU?Y NeIaOaoAU?Y i?I iեO?I?Y ?n?բ I?e?i?naoAU?Uբ IA I?e?i?niեn (eaonC?Y AaonuC?UեY ?Yc?iiեo?i 1914A. N?U??E?nN?UCY a?iեn??UC ԳեnU?YC? - AaonuC? a?niaoAU?Uբ): ?U AYi?YCue ? aOc UY?o?I UեI ??i?Ie ?E E?nբեn?եY ??Eեa բեnեE iiC: ?U? A?U?Y?I 100 ?YգEC?I?Yai բեnեE iiC ??Eեa aony?UC AaoAaoY?C ?U?UA, U?eY?ian I?nգ??naoAU?Uբ E?nբեn? OnIեoC Oեeu բեniեECuYեn ao o?YI UA i?Eai: ?UեnCI?UեY ?n?UYեn գ?EեY iեnc I?Ya?I եU եYA?I?YեnCY, Nեi?գ?UaoU ?եUnaoAC ?UեnCIU?Y IaYeaoEեY iC?եYCY ?eYեEai` ??iեnaoY OnIեoC ?UեnCI?:

i?n?գnaoAU?Y Uեc 1914-15A. գiYiaO N?Une Aaonu aեiaoAU?Y IaOUե E?nբեn?եY ?եaC i?Y-?CAECe բ?Y?IaoU ե??Y e?UEեnai ?an?Yu IA ?aE??nեn: oaoUne i?n?aoNCY ?եaC iCգn?Y?Iեni ?uean IA u?iC N???ianYեnao Nեi, i?? aaUY Aei?I iեOA ??Y?a?nNCY Nane IA N?Y?CaC: ??Une Iao?C Cn գnICY Uեc ?eYեEai iեncեY N?UբUaonUA ?na?Uե, e?I?UY Aaonu գ???Y aeiCI?Y A?Y??nUYեn AaoUE aեY i?n, ? E?o ao IaIC Uեc IA բ?A?YiեY: oaoUne UCYa? OaeaoE aOc գY?o?I ?` Cn Nեi եnA?oaO ? aOc UY?oaOYեn եY a?iUեn ?Ue a?n?գ?Y: e?nգCe AaiU?eU?Y ?N?ian ?n?U? IA a?iUե: ?nբ i?ե-aaUYեY i?n eIe?Yu CcYեE, Uեn NեiC A?Y??nUYեnA I?n?aեi ?UaoY e?UECY ?ec?եY ?eCY, 15-20 u?UE ?YiC i?YեEai 3 գY??I a?naեoCY ? UեeoaooCY Y?? Գ?Eai Uane ? UեI Uane? ?եaC O?E?AC? u?iaO I?n?i?YC Nեi եY i?ni?I U?Un ao ?OcCI? OեI U?Une? O?nunCi, UCYa? ??aE IեnA?, IA iեeYեY an aC InY? u?EեE NeIaO A?Y??nU? գ???YA Ai?uC E??IaAai ??UY IA Oգե, CeI U?Une UCYa? aony? aOc Iaoգ?? O?Y?a?nNC NaգYaoAU?Y ? ?YaAaoAU?Y a?CU?Y?Eai? Oե?եn E?YեY Uեc u?YC UA un NCi?Y? a?eIեEե iեnc, IA UեeYC:

Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?Y ?Ue գ???YaoAUaoYA UեI ao Iեe UCECaY ?YUեO AaOain?C IU?Yuեn EEեo? I?Y?Uu, ?Ya???N?eYեn, եnեE?Yեn, Iեnեn ?UCeYեn ?Ycaon ?Y?a?iYեn u?եE ii?i A?Y??nUYեnao Uin?IYեnao i?I ? uaon? ?i???IYեnao I?oCYեnai, ?YU?n?I?UCY O?եnai UեeoaooCY ao UեeoaooCY: ??n?i գեiA U?n?I?UCY ?nUaoYCo I?nUnեo?i: ??E?nNY Cn a?iUaoAU?Y Uեc ?UeaCeC ?nO?Y?գnaoAUaoY եnբեu aaoYC: ?Aե N?U AaOain?C Uեc I?nգ UA N?Yo?ianYեn I?U Iaoe?Io?I?YYեn I?UCY Cn aեiaoAU?Y ?եU գanIaO, InY?n ?U?aCeCYեnA a?iAեE ? U?N?oYեE, aa Aե ?UբaOc, բaEanaiCY ?UեO, AaOaiaon? UA: ??EեaC Uեc 1923A. uգaeiaeC 8-CY iO? ??i?I aoYեo? ? ?YaoYA UIniaoAU?Uբ IYuեoCYu I?n?aեi? Y?N?i?Ii?I Nane ?YaoYA, CeI ?YIե եnIao i?nC iեnc? 1925A. ?եini?nC 25-CY 2-n? iO? ??i?I UA IaoYեY?U? ?YaoYA IaaեEai e?nգCe: ?eIե 2 i?nC iեnc? 1928A. NaoECeC 31-CY ??cCI ??i?I UA aoYեo?? ?YaoYA UIiեEai i?n?aoNC? Ianei?I unace ?YaoYA: 1931A. IaoYեY?U iO? ??i?I UA ? ?YaoYA ?Y?n?YCI I?YեYu: iեncCYe եnIao i?nC ?anեo?i, Uեe?i:

?U? i?nCY eեaiեUբեnCY un?YeC? UեIYեo? AaOain?CY in? aoYեo?I ?eYեECuYCe N?i?uեEao Ya?i?Iai: 3 ?UCe un?YeC? UY?Eե iեnc, iեn???nO? ??Eեa ao, 1000 Uեin NaO?բ?ACY UA ?eYեEai, eIe? eե??I?Y բY?I?n?Y UA ?CYեE? ?UեnCIU?Y O?ai? 3 YYc?eեYU?I, UեI EaN?Yao, UեI բ?OYCu ? UեciեO UCc?You UA: 200 uU a?naoY?IaO, YaoUYa?? ?E i?IC N?nIA, iaoYA? եnIao IaOUA a?niե?, ?i???Y? UեcA գեiY?U?I U?nU?n u?nեnai, caonA ? ?EեIin?I?Y EaoUeA UեcA AEE?Eai ?nu?U?I?Y N?Yգei?iեi բY?I?n?Y UA 25 i?ni? i?A?Y?ICn ??E?i?YuCe EY?U?I ?n?Uai Uեc iեO եI?Y: e?I?UY N?UnեYCuC eեnA aAaOեo N?YգCei i?UեEեE ??UY, ? UեIYեoCYu EanNn??UCY ??U?ei?Y: Uan E?nբեn?C Uեc եnIao բY?I?n?Y ?CYեoC, UեIA CU ? UեIA ?aun iO?UCe? e?nգCeC ?YaoYai? OեI iO?e eCn?N?n Uao?CuC IA UiYC եn?A?i?I?Y iեEYCIaoU? aoe?YեEao, CeI ICYe? iեnaYCI?Y, 1949A. ?եini?nC 25-CY, եnեu ?UCe ?YIaOYaoU i?e?aեEե iեnc ?ni?e?NU?YC UեnO?ICoYեnao I?naiA eniCY U?N?o?i: UaoUY i?ni? Uեc ?aun iO?e` e?nգCeA, ?UaoeY?oaooC eե?n?I I?naoIU?YC ?OcI?? ?ao??YCIC Nեi: ?OcCIe` i?n?aoNCY ?E iiC ?OեuoC ??Iaբ ACyECeU?YCY: e?nգCeA ??E?iaoU ? UեuեY?i?naoAU?Uբ, CeI եe ?E ??E?iaoU եU Uan E?nբեn?C O?UCe 1-C ?Yi?Y IaEiYiեeaoAUaoYaoU? Oեn iYiեeaoAU?Y I?EuեnA ??i եY, IA բ?i?n?niեCYu? Aea?eեEai E?i unեnao: Uan E?nբեn?, NaoYi?n 1950A.: Ii?Ie iO?uYեnaoe` I?n?aեiCY ? e?nգCeCY, ?OcCIYեnaoe` EC?UCY ? i?n?aoNaoY, ?եe?Yեnaoe` Գ?anգ ?n??YU?YCY ? ??Iaբ ACyECeU?YCY?

Io?iCU, an I?Ei?u ? ?aO aaoYCU Oե?C A?e?Yգ AaOեEao ? ?UեY UեIC? բ?ACYA ana?եEao: 37 i?nC ? N?UnեYCue E?nբեn?A? ??iեUA, Iգ?I, a?YiaoEi ?an?I եU? ??E?nNC ?Yo ao ??nOեnA ? u?O?u?I?Y a?UU?YYեnA Uեn ??գA? U?eY?ian?բ?n Anu?N?U?ei?YA ?nU?i?ECE եO?Y: Un? Nեi Y?? CU IYaOue ? գեn??ei?Ye: ?ane UեI I?Ei?IuYեnA iaoYA, N?Unaonե ?iեEC ?niեn Aaonu I?e?i?naoAU?Y IaOUե գn?iiեo?Y ?Y?n??n Iեnaai: 1914-15A. N?U??E?nN?UCY a?iեn??UC ?iեY Aaonu I?e?i?naoAUaoYA N?U AaOaiaon?A UեIai ao a?iCIai i?n?գnեo ?Y?a?iYեnA ? ea?Yեo...

??E?nNC Uեc UY?oaO A?e?Yգan?Yեne, ?nIiեo?Yu եnA?Eao Uեn IYY??i?UnեnA ? Uեn I?Ei?IYեnaoY iեn AEE?E: ?aY UY?oaO iեn?anaOYեnaoY I?Ei?IYեnY ?E բeYanեY գn?iեo iեnaoAUaoYA ? ?Ueaեe Anu?N?U AaOain?CY UCECaYYեn ?nAaO ??nAaoY ? ?Y??nA գaoUu, I?Ei?I գn?iեo Aaonu I?e?i?naoAUaoYA ? UեYu ?nIiեo?Yu NanեY?I?Y A?e?YIYեnեY: ?U A?e?Yգe ?Ue գCnuY ? ?ean Uեc aCiC I?n??u CU IU?YuC N?U?eai CYuY?IեYe?գn?I?YA:?aY I?U Y?? ?UեY IaOUեnեY եI?I բ??U?ACi Y?U?IYեnեY UեI U?eCY a?i?եYեnA, anaYu եn?Ei?գCiaoAUaoY IA N?UiYեY CYOC? CnեYoYեnao բ?naU?I?Y ? YUaoA?I?Y uA?Y??IaoAUaoY AYեEaoe ?eACi: ?Ue գCnuA I?U iեin?IA CU Oեe?գnai ? Oեeuai գni?I ?, ??i գaonգaon?Yuai aCiC a?Nեu ? a?Na?Yեu? ?aE?YoեEai an?aoo-an?C: Un?Yo N?e?n?I?I?Y գanIYեaoAU?Y Yեn?YaaoUA ? ?e?cYan?A AaO ECYC ?Ue գCnuA, an CU Ii?IY ?: aեU բ?OO?n, an CYO YU?Y A???e??ncCI IU?Yu ?anեu, բ?Uo aon ?E UY?u ? ?anCu, Oեn ?e?iaonCY ? գanIYեaoAU?Y Uեc aoOO?UCi UY?oեu: ana?? an InY?u Oեn ?YOY?I?Y գanIA aiY?eեEao a??ai au?ianYեnaoY uգi?I?n եOեu, iY?e?n?n U?n?Yao ? I??U?IեnaaoAUaoYYեnե Nեeao UY?oեu ?, U?Y?i?Y? CU UեeYեEեe iեnc, եnբեu ao եnբեu aC UaeY?u, an Oեn IYaO?o ??գ?I?YYեnao Nեi UC?i N?n?բեnaoAU?Y Uեc aCiC UY?u ? a?Nեu? aon Nեe?ian ??գ?I?Y UA aoYCu: ?e IY?I եU AaonuCa E?nբեn? U?N?YգC ??iեU գUaoOCY Uեc ? ?Ue Ii?Ie գnեoC EanNn??UCY ??U?ei?Y? Uan- E?nբեn? ?i?YC Yan??եY բY?I?i?UnCe Uեc?

U??Y I?n?aեiC iեn-aեinaeU?Y 01.01.1951A. U?O?IU?? U??Y I?n?aեiC iեn-aեinaeU?YA UեI ?եn?I?i?naoU aoYC 1915A. AaonuC?UC IaOUCo N?UեnC YI?iU?Uբ Cn?I?Y?on?I oեO?ea?YaoAUaoYCo U???aaonI եO?I N?UեnC ?nI?n?n?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեnaoU? ???U?ACi եY Yn? ?YaoYai ei?oi?I եn?Ei?գCiaoUaoY N?UiYaO ?noaoYu???O?E Y?U?IYեnA, anaYu iI?UaoU եY ?U? բ?nբ?nae unեnC ?Y?eեEC ??A?YaoAUaoYYեnA? U??Y iեn-aեinaeU?YCY iC??IiեE ?n UեI ?e?uեEaoAUaoY. Y? UեI ?CգեnC ? c?YuեnC ?YanNCi I?naO?oեE ? ?nI?գYC UCcaoai ???iեE բ??U?ACi N?U գեnCYեnC? * * * ?U AYi?YCuA, EaenaiaoNCCY aony? aOc AE?EA CU?o?: ?eIե 4 ?UCe ?e?c եe Nae ?UaoeY?o?: ?Ai?nCY I?oaoAU?Y Uեc եU ??i eCnai եYu: e?I?UY ?Ue ICYe Ieե, u?YC an NCY ICY? ???ii?I ?, եe eCnai INեe?Y?U, ?UY ?U?u?Y i?e?a?Yu u??եEե iեnc, aեiu ? գ?, uaoY eեnA ? գaonգaon?YuA i?UեEC: ??nգեEC U??Y, IA EY?nեU, an UեI A?U ?e?c բեnCE i?e, CYaaեe ??iեnA ???i?I եe, եe aեU Uae?Y?n uao բ?nCuYեnA: ?e?iaon e?N?IU?Y, ??iեUoC, ?UեnCI?, 01.01.1923A. * * * ??Uo IeեY, an uե?C aեeYեnaoY ini?I ao I?i?n?I a?ni?I?YaoAUaoYY a? I?nեEC Uae?Y?E, u?YC I?anC aOc eեnaoY?A: ?aou an Ae?u ao AYI?u ?U? NaO?U?eCY Uեc? Uae?Y?Eai iեOC Oեn E?O?O IU?YuA, գեniեo?u U?Ni?Y ?Cn?YեnaoY Uեc: ??nգ?Yu ? a?iCi uե? ? uե?C aեeYեnaoY: ԳCnգan ??Nբ??U?Y, ??iեUoC, ?UեnCI?, 01.03.1921A.

* * * ?Ue Y?U?Iai aa UC?UY CUCY ?YanN?I?EaoAUaoYAe IA N?UiYեU ?nA?Y?a?iiaoAU?Y N?Y?եa, ?UE ?e?Yo an?? AեnaoAU?Y INaգ?U բaEan գեO?oCYեnaoY, iեn?anaOYեnaoY ao Iao?CU ???iեE ?Yi?YեEC ao բeY?I?E EaoICY i?I UY?oaO eCnեECYեnA ? NCU? ?n?եY IA EeCYu, an ???ianեY բaEanA ?aonc? N?i?ui?I ao uao Nai?YC A?եnao? i?I ?e?I, IA գaonգaon?e ?YaYo in?U: ԳCiեU ua eCniY ?E, ??E?i?YuA uao ??գC? N?Y?եa: Oե?C N?U?n ?YUae?Y?EC IA ??eY?U An?I բ?nCuYեnA, anaoY ?aE?nեY a?niu I?գ?U գ?ECuCY N?iaooեEao: eե?n?I O?nIaeU?Y, ??iեUoC, O?neեE, un?YeC?, 15.12.1922A. * * * OեI?aեe ?NanN?I?EaoAUaoY IA N?UiYեU AY??YCuCe ? ??i?IYեnaoe ???iU?Y Nեe?գCnA iiCn, ??i ao ??i եn?Ei?a?ni եU: Oե?C aեe ?YO UA ??iեUCY ???iaOYեnaoY NaգA ? Naգ?i?naoAUaoYA IA Naգ?, Na?ni, I?գ?U, an ?aou Oեn եOբ?Un?I?Y ? an?C?I?Y EY?UuA aեu EY?Uեn բaEan ???ii?I anբեnao ? N?Uեnao N?Y?եa: ??naoAUaoY Ia?I?nU?Y, ??iեUoC, ?UեnCI?, 22.09.1922A. * * * E?AaoYA uե?C ui?n a?, ?Yun ?UեnCI? բեnեEao AaoOAA IA OnICU, ?YanN?I?E եU, an Naգ?i?naoAU?YA i?I ?e?I Ce: ?aou եu, an UC?UY Oեn բ?naU?I?Y aoAA aCiC գanI?Iեu ? anaoY N?U?n iei?N եOեu aCiC i?nO?iniեu: e?UiեE AaiU?eU?Y, ??iեUoC, ?UեnCI?, 25.08.1922A. * * * EanCY ?YanN?I?EaoAUaoY IA N?UiYեU, an aեiu եO?I EY?UuA IA i?YCe unace ? O?nC?UCY YaoUYaեe, uե?UYե aCiC EY?nեU, an ?Ueu?Y բ?nCu ?e AYեe CYOC, եn?UYեIoC eaonեY

iեn-O?neaonU?Y ?YaoYai a?i?YC UA 18 i?nեI?Y, E?nբեn?եY գn?I եY, an ??Eեa եI?I ?, ?Ue iO?Y ?Yinե, գiCn ? aեiu եO?I NaգA i?n: ?n NanեOբ?UnA a?O??e?nA ??i եn?Ei?a?ni aCiC UY?: Uեneեe UեneեeU?YA, ?UեnCI?, 14.01.1923A. * * * o?YC an CU ?aoYae բեn?Ye ?, uե?C aC aCiC Uae?Y?U: oao i?n?I EY?UuA ? Naգ?i?naoAUaoY? Uae?oiեECu բ?Y a?: iCnaoNC iեn-OCY?eU?Y, O?neեE, un?YeC?, 14.02.1922A. * * * U??Y, uao An?I բ?nCuA aեU Uae?Y?n ? aC Uae?oiեn UCYa? N?iCiU?Y, EanCY ?YanN?I?EaoAUaoY: I?n?aեi AaiU?eU?Y, ??iեUoC, ?UեnCI?, 15.11.1922A. * * * ?Y?a?iaoU aon?EaoAU?Uբ UA Aei?o? uao ?Y UեI aon?E?eCA Y?U?IA ? UեI?aեe ?YanN?I?E եU ?U?aCeC IեYe?I?Y Eaon UA N?Oan?եEao?: oaUaoY U?n??eCn?I?Y ??YCi c?YuեnaoY ao Y?? ?YEY?UunեY YUaoA?I?Y ?aNaOaoAUaoYA, ?U? a?n?գ?UCY YI?iC aCiC ?eYեU UCYa? IեY?o iեncCY naaեY: I?n?aեi iae?UAU?Y, ??iեUoC, ?UեnCI?, 25.09.1922A. * * * aեU գCiեn C?Ya բ?eեnai InY?U N?UiYեE CU eniC ?YNaoY aon?EaoAUaoYA, an I?naO AEE?U ?aE?nCYեE Oեn բ?nCuA Y?? CU եn?EiCuA? N?Y?եa Oեn եnIiaOCY, an ?Ce եn?Ei?a?ni AaOaooCu CU eCnեEC եOբan? O?niCnaeCY ??Eեa N?eYեEao EaonA: e?nգCe iեn-?N?naYU?Y, ??iեUoC, ?UեnCI?, 26.09.1922A. * * * iեOեIaoAUaoY UA Iao?CU Uեn i?Y in?Uau, եOբane iO?Y C՞Ya գYai ?E AEE?U E?nբեn?եY բեnեE iaon? ?N?naYA: ana?? ?n?U, an IեnA? եe a?in?ei եU OnIեE: ?aiN?Yեe iեn-??IaբU?Y, ?UեnCI?, 18.05.1922A. * * *

?Ueun գեOեoCI Eaon UA ?eC, an 50-C a?? ??iեUoCYեn ? aonC?Yեn I?nգ??n?I եe AaonuC?UեY ??Eեa բեnեE i?E: ?a?ni ?գ?oC CU eCnեEC IYu?N?Un, YaoUYCeI aonC? գUaoO?oCYեnA ???iեEao I??E?iCe, ?UեY գYai ICYe ?E ?U? IaOUA բեn: e?nգCe Oaon??U?Y, ??iեUoC, ?UեnCI?, 22.08.1922A. * * * ?Ueun EeեoC, an Uեn գUaoO?oC 100 NaգC ??Eեa N?e?I եY, եAե Uեn OCY?eA UեcY ?, IEY?nեU aեiu եO?I Naգ?i?naoAUaoYA i?n, UCYa? an եe ?n?U OnICU, C?Ya UեI ???i?eCn?I?Y գanI ?, an IAYեe, ?Ci?I բaEanCe aon?EaoAUaoY IA a?i??eե, ?Ueun 4 ?YOCYu uaie եI?Y ? EY?nեoCY, an CnեYo eni?N?ianYեnA եnInեY ???iCe ao ??Eեa բեnեe: E?a?iaon ?եnaU?Y ??iեUoC, unե?Ya, ?UեnCI?, 07.10.1922A. * * * U??Y, EeեEai uao բ?nCu?, IA AaOYaoU un UA ?Cn?n iեeYեEao, ?UY A?U?Y?I ?UaA եnեe aC UY?Yu uao N?Y?եa, UեnCYեnA UC?i uao U?eCY եn?Ei?գCiaoAUaoY IA N?UiYեY, IeեY ?UeaCeC ??YCi U?n? aI?: ??Oaoa U???nU?Y, ??iեYoC, ?UեnCI?, 11.10.1922A. * * * ?Oբ?Une` ?N?naYA E?nբեn?C գեOA IA UY?U? ??Oaoa ?YaoYai, ?O?UCY ?YaoYY ? (OեAե?եY uOEC ?aiaoE?), եAե NaoUe UA aoYեY?e, ?UCc?aեe CYO գnCn, an ?n?U OnIեU, ??i ao ??i IA EY?nեU: OC?i ??iեUoCYեnaoe ?nICaA եO?n, ?Yan ?E c?Yu UC EY?UCn: eiե??Y OեYOեIU?Y, ??iեUoC, un?YeC?, 12.07.1929A. * * *

OCYa? o?n? i?eYե ?iեEC I?n??o?I եU ?U? Y?U?ICY a?naoY?IaoAUaoYեY բE?I N?Un?I?Y գaoAA ? եOբ?Un?I?Y E?Y??O?i?YuA, anaYu Oեn ??YCi ?գ?oaoUYեnA եY IY?I, CU ?a?գ?U եnc?YIaoAU?Ye NanC?aYA Iao?եY Eaoe?ianեE ?Ce, UC?i եn?Ei?a?ni aCiC a?NեY Oե? N?Y?եa: O?niCnae iեn-?N?naYU?Y, ??iեUoC, ECaY, un?YeC?, 10.05.1929A. * * * ana?i?I ?? aon an ??iեUoCYեn I?Y, ??YaYu ???i?գnեE un?եnեY: ?Ue ?eACi ana?եo uե?C Nեi Y?U?I?IoեE, եAե IA N??Ce, Oեn գCio?I iեOեIaoAUaoYYեnA Uե? CU?oYեE: iei?N գCiեYu, an ?Ue ?UaoOC in?U Oեn բ?naU?I?Y ? Aե YUaoA?I?Y ?aNa?aoAUaoYYեnA a?? ao e?NU?Y ?Yo?I եY: ?Ci?Y ?.Գ. i.?. iեe. ?.?եUCn?U?Y, ?. ?N?naYU?Y ??iեUC Eaoe.aoeaoU AYI. i?naaoAUaoYեY 10.05.1929A. * * * ?e ??i ?YanN?I?E եU uե?Uե, an U?UnCICe Uai? i?n?I եe ao ?Yan Naգ IA i?YCe: O?UnCIe uao U?eCY ??i E?i գn?I ?n, եe a?????Yo aon?E?o?, an uե?aեe բ?nեI?U aoYCU? iaY?aեi oե?C?U?Y, ??iեUoC, ?UեnCI?, 06.02.1924A. * * * oե? Uae?Y?E ? uaoICY ?YOYiեn ?aNaOaoAUaoYA aon?Y?E aC i?UեEեn ?YaYo, anaYu Cբn? U?n? I?anCY ??E?nNC in?: ԳեA CU I?naOaoAU?Ye uYYեEai ? գCiY?Eai ? եe CU E?i?գaoUY բ?ACYe i?UEեEai, aեU I?naO Uae?Y?E IU?Yuեe UCYa? iեncCY ?aoYaA: ??n??n O. Գ?բnCեEU?Y, ??iեUoC, O?neեE, un?YeC?, 12.17.1926A. * * * oaoICY OnI?I Y?U?IA ei?o?Yu, UեI?aեe ?YanN?I?E եYu ?YUae?Y?EC բ?nCuCY N?U?n, ?U? anբ ? A?i?e iOaoY ???iեoCn: aOanUC IYaO?o? NaգaoY:

?aiN?YYեe iեn-ԳaonգեYU?Yե, ??iեUoC, ?E ??C?եY, 05.02.1925A. * * * ?aգ a?, Aե Nեeao եYu ?Cn?Uե, բ?Uo eniYեnCe ??i Uai եY: aaEeեY բ?AYiեEե o?n? ?Ueun բY?i Uae?o?I aեYu uե?: OC?i ?E uao U?eCY Eae?IoaoAUaoY An?I եYu ? uao u?c?գanIaoAUaoY? ?E Ee?I եU ? եe ?Ueun ??i Na?ni I?գ?U CYu?CYue, an aoYCYu UC ??iUեoC, an ?U?u?Y ?YOեnao ???iaoAU?Y a?i??e եO?I ?, ?anCe: ?aiN?YYեe Oao?aU?Y, ??iեUoC, OեIeCI?, 17.03.1924A. * * * aOc ? N?YգCei ?UեnCI? N?e?Yu, ?e?Yo an?? ?nգեEuC, Y?E UեI?aեe ?YanN?I?E եU, an Uե? UCYa? E?nբեn?եY բեnCn, iaoY? a?NեoCn, գanIեnYCe I?nգ??nեEai OnIեoCn:?Ueu?Y բ?nCu CYaaե՞ e InY?U Uae?Y?E:?CU?I I?nգA UեnY ?, uե?C N?Y?եa UC?i a?ni?I?Y եYu YեnaO գiYiC Uեn AեnaoAUaoYYեnaoY: OեYOCI OCe?IU?Y, ??iեUoC, ?UեnCI?, 06.05.1926A. * * * ?UYA??C a?YiեY ???iiaOYեnCe ??ei?բ?YC ? uAaUC I?EeեnA? ?ai. oEaoYIU?Y 1130 On?, ?եY EaoբaU?Y 1540 On?., aեi ?եaaU?Y 889 On?., ICn. Ia?I?I?nU?Y 650 On?., O?ni. OեYICIU?Y 592 On?: iեnaNC?U?E գaoU?nYեnA, aOc ?n?UA a?ni?I?Y եYu U. i. aեinaeU?YCY ? Uեn ?n?UYեnA ei?Y?EaoY ?UCc?aեe ECaiCY i??nեEao a?ni?I?Y եYu: iI?Yեn? E?a. a?EU?EU?Y, uN. a. i?EեU?Y, 01.01.1923A. * * *

AեnAեnao Uեc ?Ce ?Yin?I ?Cu, ??i ?YanN?I?E եU, CYaaեe գCiեe E?nբեn?եY anբ?YaoYեnao Nեi եI? ??Eեa, N?eYեEaoe aonC? anբ ??iեUoCYեnao Nեi iaoY? i?nCn, IեnoaooCn, EUoaooCn, ?YIե ? iեnc, Yan EaoUբCY Uեc գY?oCYu ?եUnaoA, ?aoY?ei?Y? ?nբ 1927A. anբ?YaoYեnA ?niեo?Y, u?YC UA AYIեnYեnai a?niC?a?YaoAU?Y AnCYu: iեncA ?aoY?ei?YC IO?CYեnեY UեIC Uեc ?UaoeY?o? ?nU??C E?eI?EեY ?aieե? i?n???YU?YC ?OcI?Y Nեi ? NCU?I 3 ??i?I aoYCU, գanIe I?nգCY ? եnInan? Y?U?Iai IեYe?գn?I?Ye IգnեU: U??Y Oao?եOU?Y, ??iեUoC, ?aoY?ei?Y, 28.04.1939A * * * ??i UA i?nCYեn ?Yo?I եY ?UY unեY C iեn, եnբ եe բ?A?Yiեo? uե?YCo: e?I?UY եnբեu aUi?Iեe, Aե uե? Uae?o?I ?C: ?aEanaiCY, ?U? CU eniCe Uեc N?i?uեn, a?N?I եU uaoICY գaonգaon?YuC? N?Un?I?Y EY?UuA, an iiCu CYO N?Y?եa, N?n???ianեY ? ?Ueun, ?e?cCY ?Yգ?U AEE?Eai, u?YC UA iaOai Iaoգ?U CU եn?Ei?a?niaoAU?Y N?nգ?YuA i?Eao: A?գaoNC UեneեeU?Y, ??iեUoC, ?UեnCI?, 25.12.1937A. * * * ??UiYC AE? uե?C, an եe եI? aony? N?e? ??Y?a?nNC I?Ee aaoYեY?Eai, եnIao aeIC I?n?aեi iեn-?O???nU?Yե ?eC: ?nբ գ?U, YanեY ?n?U aaoYCU Na? գ?Eao N?U?n: ?Aե IA N??Ce, ?Ue գn?բեnCe? i?n?եnեe I?naoIU?YC Nեi 8 aeIC OnICn ? 2 aeIC ?E ??i i?e, an I?n?aեi iեn-?O???nU?YCY i?U: U??Y ?Y?YCIU?Y, ??iեUoC, aony?, AaonuC?, 17.08.1922A. * * *

Գn?I Y?U?I? A?U?Y?ICY ei?o?, an e?e?UCY գn?I Y?U?IY ?E OnI?I եu, I?n??Eai ??i aon?E?o?, eCnեEC ?եe?, ?Ue C?Ya UեI N?UnեY?eCn?I?Y գanI ?, an IA I?i?nեe, ?U? ?eACi UեYu Na?ni I?գ?Yu: ??i-??iեnaoY ???iեEao a?i??e IA ??eY?e ? AեnAեnai Eaon Iaoi?e, an iեnեnA aon?E?Y?Y ao uգYaoAU?Y N?eYCY: e?e?UCY aOcaoAU?Y EaonA, an ei?o?, ?Ya?iUեEC ? aon?EaoAUaoYe? oե?Yե ??i գaN եU, an I??E?iCe ?Ue IaOU ?eYեE uao բ?nեI?UYեn?: aaOae aoEao?aoaU?Y, ??iեUoC, iCAnaCi, ?UեnCI?, 15.03.1923A. * * * ԳCiեU, an CYu?CYu? YiCni?I եe anբեnao ? uգi?I?n AEE?EaoY գanICY, U?eY?ian?aեe ??iեUoCYեnao? UեnCYեnao ???iU?Y EaonCY ?YN?Uբեn Iea?eեU: I. iեn-?aiN?YYCeU?Y, ??iեUoC, iCAnaCi, ?UեnCI?, 20.07.1922A. * * * oao An?I բ?nCu? Uե?C ?YUae?Y?EC ?, ?U? ?Aբ?EiYեnaoY ???i?n?n Nnե?i?I UA եO?n: IaoECI ?եnaU?Y, ??iեUoC, aoeAn ?UեnCI? 30.01.1923A. * * *

IU?YuC ??eY naaեYեnA YanեY Iaoգ?Y ?nc?a?iեE ?uե? ? Ui?IեE i?E uao in?U գaonգaon?oaOYեnA, anaYu C eniե uե?C Nեi եO?I եY ? aCiC UY?Y UCYa? iեnc: U??Y եnբ Nae ?Cn, ?եe a?CYu գCiեn, Aե CeI?aեe aCiC բ?AYiCe Uե?Yե, բ?Uo o?iCU AeեEao, an iEaon Cn?I?YaoAUaoY UA ?ec?Y եYu: UanեY uե?Uե IA բ?AYiեCYu, YanեY uao I?naiai IA N?ECYu, YanեY uao NC??i?IC? Uեc IA i?YC ?UY ?YOI?EC unեnA, an UC?eCY ?anեo?Yu: U??Y, CYaaեe aC o?iCYu, եnբ uao An?I? Uե? N?U?n IU?Yu ?, anaoY Iea?eեYu i?nCYեn C iեn:UanեY IեnA?e, YanեY IA Nեe?Y?e, YanեY ?UY ?nUaoYYեnaoY UCcai Iao?Ce գiYեE uao UC?I UECA?naoAUaoY?, ?UY anբեnaoY ? N???n?ian N?U U?UnեnaoY, uaoUnեnaoY inեAA EaoIեEai Iao?Ce UECA?nCE ?YN?Un ? ?YU?Un anբaoIYեnA? ?eii?I uե?C I?naOaoAU?Y aoA, Ianai ? N?UբեnaoAUaoY i?U, an Ya?i?IC? N?eYեEai? եnc?YI?oYեe uao in?U Ui?IaOYեnA, an N?UnեYCu ao i?e?a?Yu ??E?I?I IեnA?u ?եaC ?YI?Un ? ?YI?UaoY ??Y?a?nNYեnaoY Uեc: ԳY?՛ ao anaYե, գinCn ?YaYo, an IEaoe?ianեY uao NaգC? ? eCni?, anaYo N?U?n ?anեo?n ? ?գYեo?n UCYa? գiYCe ?YaYo IU?YuA, ao uaoI? եY, anA UեnY ?E եY N?i?e?n?aեe: OCe?I aoEaoNa??U?Y, ??iեUoC, iCAnaCi, ?UեnCI? 30.10.1921A. * * *

U?U?IA ei?o?, aon?E ? ?YanN?I?E եU ?UY Y?U?IA, an eCnai N?YOY ?eCu ? aեu ?E?Y?E Oեn ?CnuCY բ?naU?I?Y ?c?IoaoAUaoY AYեEao aa Aե UC?UY Uեn N?YOY?n?n?I ?YOY?ianaoAUaoYYեnao N?U?n, ?UE IA iեeYCU ??գ?UCY AեnAեnao UC?i Oեn գnaoAUaoYYեnA aonC?Yեnao N?Y?եa ?E: aon?E եU Oեn ??գ?eCnaoAU?Y N?U?n, an Oեn in? ?ni?I a?ni?I?YaoAUaoYYեnA ECaiCY Iao?Cu I?i?nեE: aեinae O?niCnaeU?Y, ??iեUoC, eaoE?CE, ?UեnCI?, 22.04.1922 A. * * * ?Yaaե՞e ? C՞Ya a?ai գaiեU, an uե? եnc?YCI a?NեU, գCiեU an eCni? UC?i ?եaC եnICnA? ??iեUY ?? ?եaC uao eCnեECYեn?, an Oգ?I եe 8 i?nCYեn C iեn ? ?YaYo I?naiA IA գnIե NaգC?, IA U??եoYե U?nUCY? ? ?YaYoUե Iao?CU i?nբեn բ?Yեn գnեE uե?C, an NaգY?I ??I?i? uCa UA E?O?OC ao eCni? ?ai?Y?: ?U EanNaon?Yեne UեIեY o?iեnA ?UauեE aեU գCiեn, UCYa? ե՞nբ ? C՞Ya aCiC AEE?U Uեn iեncA: aniե՞O aCiC AEE?U Uեn բ?EiCY iեnc?IեiA: ?i ?Ue u?ae ??E?nNCY Uեc UY?Yu, anaեe?C ?anCYu unեn, iեeYCYu ao i?UEեYu: E?i ?anեo?Yu ? E?i unեn ?E iեe?Yu: U?? unեn, anaYo YU?YA ??E?nNA Cn eiեOIiեEեY UCYa? NCU?I iեe?I a?n ? UեYu iեe?Yu: ?U? գեO?ICI?O ao a?UI?e, ?nUaoYC ao E?oC, eaiC ao inեAC ao ??i UA բ?Yեnao unեn: ?nYեI Aե aC AEE?n ao aC IYեUCYu, CYa an ?, u?YC an IY?I եYu, aC ?YCIեYu, anaiNեi? IU?YuA Cn ?Yao?aoAUaoYA aoYC: o?c եOCn ?եe?, ?U? a?Uu?nCY Uեc, an aCiC ?anCe ? Aե ?E a?iեn??UC Uեc, եnբ IA IeiCe, ?Ai?n ? AeեE CYO N?U?n, ?U? iեnuA ?CU?oCo ei?o?n, ?U? YU?Y ? ?UY բ?YCY, an uե? a?iեn??U IA OnICY, բ?Uo ?aoY ?n?եY I?Uuai? գY?oCn ao ??n?ian inեA? EaoIեE ao?եoCn? ??iեUC 2550 ?YUեO ?nUaoYA ?I?YcC? ?e?e?oCY, Aե UեYu inեAC IA I?naiCYu, ao ?aoY ?nO?գ?Yu UA եO?n ?UY ?YUեOYեnao, anaYo IaOUեY ??eu uե?C N?U?n aCiC i?Y եnIY?ian Nan ?eii?I: oեe? U??Ye, ?eii?I uե? IA Y?UC ao uե?C aoA Iaoi?U, anaեe?C ??iեUC UY?oan?YեnaoY ?E բ??aoIA AEE?e? ao եe anu?Y Iao?եC, an բaEan ??iեUoCYեnA uao eCni?, uao aoOOaoAUaoYA, uao iեN?YOYaoAUaoYA aoYեY?UCY ao AYեUCY ?UYaեe, CYaaեe uao NaգC? oaoUo Iaoi?U ?Ueun: O?n?CI Uae?oIai եY, ??YCi ?եe?, U?Y?i?Y? Iao?CY UaeY?E, եnբ An?I? E?i ? ?e?uCYC բ?Y UAY ?, Aեn?e ??iեnA aեY գY?N?iեn ao IA a?E?n?IեY? Aեn?e ??iեnA UiuեnaoY ?Yգ?U aեY ?YoYեn, ե՞nբ U??Y iեn-aեinaeU?YA գY?o IeiեEao A?Y?UCCY ?եU ao Uեn eCnեECYեnao inեAA EaoIեEao, բ?Uo ?aoY N?OAեCn, eCnեECe, anaiNեi? uao eCni?, an IA Inեn uao IaonIuC? i?I, բ?բ?EեEai UC?i ?եaC ??U?ei?YY ?n ao UC?i ?եaC inեAA, anA UեnUեI N?UnեY?eեn, iեYեiCIC UC?բ?YaoAU?Y UեI N?Un O. ?EC??Y եnգեo «??Uբanai?YA» ? ?U? eեnA, an ?aoY aoYCe uao Uեc?, ?եaC N?UnեYCu?? ?ao ?E YU?Y IA AEE?e ?UY N?UnեY?eեnYեnaoY, anaYo I?nգA ??i UեI ? ? ?YaoYYեnA ?UբaOc N?U ??գ? aCiC a?Nե Cn U?Un iaU?nCY Uեc:

OCe?I aoEaoNa?aU?Y, ??iեUoC, iCinaC?, ?UեnCI?, 10.10.1920 A. * * * ?Yaaեe uե?C N?UiYC ?, եOբ?Un an?C O?niCICY Nեe?գCnA, an ?aoY ii?I ?Cn: ?Ueun AեnAեnA I?n??oC, an ?UYA??C UaiեnA N?UեnA Oեnբ?I?Ei?I, ea?Yi?I եY: IA EY?nեU a?naY U??Y, CYaaեe բaEanA IA EaeCY, an ??iեnA ???i?I եe, եOբan an?Ce ?E ?UեY գYai ???iCn, CYa-an Iao?Ce, IA OnIեU C eեn ?eiIa, AaO AEE?U: iaY?aեi OեY?CIU?Y, ??iեUoC, ?UեnCI?, 09.01.1923 A. * * * eCnեEC uեeCe, ei?o? Y?U?I?, a?????Yo aon?E?o?, an ?aoY Uեn ?UեY?Nեi?UY?o A?i?eaoAU?YA I?nեICo եO?n uao uA?Y??IaoAU?Uբ ? InICY u?c?Eեn?I?Y Nan?anYեn II?n??e Y?U?IC? Uեc ?եaC CYO: O?n? ?n?n?IA CYaaեe aCiC InY? UaeY?E Oեn ?UYu?Y ??YCianեY e?i?n?I uA?Y??IaoAUaoYYեnA, բ?nCuYեnA ? uգYaoAUaoYYեnA, U?n? UA InY? Cn ???i?n?nA UaeY?E: EaoeUU?I?U OaoA գC?եnCY Uեc UեY?ian, IA oaE?e ?ao EaoeCY Nեe?ian, ?nIY?I?U?nCY in?U, ?aoY AEE?e գC?եn?a?N: IU?YuCe eIC?բեY UCYa? oi?E??Y IA Y?aoECe ?aoY CU in?U ?i UեYaoAU?Ye unեnCY OECA?nCa IA AEE?e ?aoY: ?YI?I Euao?I Ean ?aeCY Uեc եe Oեeu? IA ??nACU, IA Y?UCU uե? ?nIYCo գUբեACY in?U N?I IA ?aO?aO?e, ?ao ai EaoeYU?I: ?auեne N?e?I ?եaC iեn IA Y?UCU uե? բ?nեբեn ai ?aoY ??UEaoY EaoeYU?I CU, AEE?U uե? Nեi UiեnCU: IA ??UECe ?ao ??i ?Oian IեnaoAU?Y? Uեc ?E?an, Iao?եU եe ?E uե? aեe եnI?n i?UEեE IU?YuY, ?anեE ?n??n: 23.01.1926 A * * * ?nIao ue?Y OCգ i?nCYեn o?UEեoC եe CU Nեգ AYIեn,

OC?i ?nUaoYC, UC?i ?n?UaoYuC OaoACY Uեc եY e? ??Uբ?Yեn: oe?YեnIao եnI?n i?nC ?aբCI aiue ??nIC u?nC, O?U??e AYIYaO, aoOCe գaoaO ?Uaon u?nեnC, Aեe u?nեnC: oe?YեnIao i?nCYեn e? OaOc?YեoC Cբn? ?n?, Eaoe ao UaoYc գ?oC ??Y??Y E?aC? o?iեn ??EI?I aoeCe iեn?: ?Ueaեe Ae?Y ue?YեnIao i?nCYեnY CU NCY unեnao, ??Uo aCi UY? Aiai YaoUYu?Y ??iICe գCIեn, uN IY?CeYեnao: o?E?i, ?i??O, գ?naoYY CU, ??Uo ?եe ?YE?Ei aCi ea?eCU? aOcUaoY i?Eao E?i unեnao, ?aoUe N?i?iu I?Uu բaEanA aoYCU? Iaoգ? NCU? ?U?eY CU Yan, oaO?aO?Eai ?n? UA ?Oian, eniCe eCnai, Naգaoe Naonai aOcUaoY uե?C, aOcUaoY ?Yan: OC?UY eեnA, i?eA Iian ?եnU?I ?Ua I? եnIYC I?aaoUi A?C in?, ie?Y ?E ?n?գ, eni?ina?, ?e?c IեnA?Y N???n A?ai, ?anC?aYեY YaoUYu?Y A?ai, գե? ?UaCIYեn? aon?E Aaiai, ?եU N?Y?CU?Y IեEYեY ?YaYo IaonouYեnY A?o N?UբUaonYեnY բ?o: ?nբ an Cn?n ??ni?Y ?aoUգ-?aoUգ ?aon ao I?UI?I, Naon I?UIIEi?o ?E?I U?n?ao in?U գaeգae?oCY Aե eեnY ? ?YU?N: O?n. iեn-?N?naYU?Y, Cn 20-n? i?nեECoC ?eACi, ?Yan, anaoY ?YaoYA եnբ eեO?YCe in?U I?U, ?nAaoYuYեne I?aO?U 10.05.1928A. * * *

Oեn Y?U?IA E?i AY?aoYեEaoAUaoY գi?i Uեn Uեc, ao բ?o?inaoAUaoYYեnA գaN?oaooCa ? Oեn ??E?i?YuC բ?ACYA գY?N?iեEC ? ?Ue iեn??CY?o UCaoAU?Y Uեc ? iei?N գCiեU, Aե ?aou ?UեY UեICY ?iեEC Nեi?ununiaO, ??E?iaO ? I?e?UaO UեIY եu: ?YaoAU?Y? I?YaA եU գCiեU, an ?E?Y?E aեu գCiեn: Oեn OnI?I Y?U?IA Uեn i?na?I?Y AaOaiCY Uեc I?n??oiեo?i, UեI N??aoUu ? E?Y??i?eaoAU?Y ?e?c բեn?i, anaoY բ?nOn գY?N?iaoAU?YA ?nA?YC եO?i, Oեn U?iaoo?I I?e?UaoAUaoYA Aե Uե?C ? Aե բaEan բ??U??եYoCYեnaoY, uե? aCiC NC?եYu UCYa? iեnc: OCu?UեE ?a?UU?Y, ???U??եY?oC, ?UեnCI? * * * ?nբ IA EeCU uao N?UnեY?eCn?I?Y ??E?i?YuYեn?, Na?ni I?գ?U, UեI a?ni?I?YaoAUaoY UY ?, an IA I?i?nC AaonuC UA uaon?C UA, ?n?aC UA A?u?naoYեnեY a?? UեI N?U ???iեE?: o?eu ao a?iCi ? uaoICY N?UnեY?eCnaoAUaoY? ?YEiCn բaEan iեn?anaO EEե?IYեnaoY N?U?n: ?U ??i?Ie ? եOբane ??i?IA OaieեeA aony?UC գUaoOեnA IA UY?Y ?UեY UCcaoai ???iեECn: ??iCA iեniC?U?Y, ???U??եYoC, ?UեnCI?05.09.1922A. * * * ?e uե?C AեnaoAUaoY Uեc գn?IYեnai? ??YaoC գn?IYեn? բaEan ?UեnCI?N?UaoAUaoYA IA Nեi?ununե, anaiNեi? ?UեY UեIA Ianaoei UA aoYC Iea?eC, an ?Ue I?U ?UY IaOUեY եn??Y aCiC եEYե: ?Aե ?aoY E?nբեn?եY ???U??եY գUaoOCY U?n? InY?e բեnեE, IA EY?nեU an Eaon UA i?e: ԳnCգan O?EE?eU?Y, ???U??եYoC, ?UեnCI?, 25.07.1922 * * *

i???nA, եe ?E CU eCniA YiCn?I եU ?Yan, an CYOC Nեi IA UC?Y?U N?i?iuCe Uեc... U?i?aեe AOA?IoaoAU?Y Uեc UY?Eao EaeiaoUA i?Eե IA Eaoe??եU? YI?iC aoYեY?Eai ?anao?I?Y a?niuեne: ?Ue ?Yգ?U uaoUnեnaoe Y?U?Iai Yեn??I IA NOCU, aonC? NեOUY ?E aoOO?IC IA գnCU: «??գ-a?N?I» aեYu AY?aoYեn, բ?Uo i?YuCY IA OnIiC? ?eIե iեnc ao???Cn ?auC I?YoYեU eaoUY AեnAեnC AiեnA, iei?N եU, an NaY aCiC գiYեU Y?U?IC? a?? eCn??եO ? ?YIեOI iaOեnA: eCn?ECn aOcaoUYe բaEan AYi?Yե?o?: ??YCi ??IaբU?Y, OեOnեoC, ?UեnCI?, 22.09.1926 A. * * * ?eIե ?e?c uե?C եnIao Y?U?I OnI?I եU, բ?Uo YanեY Iao?եU գnեE CU uaoUnեnaoe ? Uane U?eCY: ?nInեY Y?U?I I?eYCU, an IA գnեY, Aե եnեu uaoUnեne ?n?բYեnao Uեc եY, IA EY?nեU, an aC O?YOn?Y?e? ?Cn?Yu ?YinեEao գiYեEao, iei?NեEai Oեn ?YOY?eCnaoAU?Y ? ?e?uCYaoAU?Y: ?Aե a?i?NC an?? UեICY գiYեEao, CeIaoUY CU?oaon: Oane ?YaoYA UaoO?բեn Գ?anգU?Y, uaoUnեnaoe? ?eAեn, Ui?n?, a?UI?e: ??YCi ??IaբU?Y, OեOnեoC, ?UեnCI?, 22.09.1926 A. * * * ??i ?YanN?I?E եU, an ?U?u?Y Naգ?i?n IA գiYiեu CU U?UnCICe ? a?n?գ?YեnaoY YI?iU?Uբ: O?Une ? uaoUne ??i գaiեeiai գn?I ?CY Oեn ??E?i?YuYեnaoY U?eCY: iei?N եOCn, eCnեEC AYIեn, an ?U? բ?nCuYեnA aեU UaeY?n: i?Nե ??UI, unե?Ya, ?UեnCI?, 02.03.1923 A. * * *

«??գ a?N?I»-CY Uեc I?n??oC Oեn AOA?IoaoAUaoYYեnA, an InY?Yu iեO?N?Y եO?I ?YOեn, an YեnI?UCe I?anCY ??Eեa I?U ?nc?YYեnA, գiYեE ? a?iI?YU?E ?YOեnao Eaon i?E: ?e ?E aoYCU uaoUn UA, an E?nբեn? u?O?uեY ?, ?YaoYY ? A?niC? Գ???Y?U?Y, anao ??EեaC anբ?YaoYեnեY UեIaoY Uեc AEE?EA IA I?nIaoC, CYuA գnեE, I?n??E aC գCiեn, an Eaon UA i?U? IA EY?nեU uե?C UC un N??Ce CU?oYեE: U?E?aեe CU ?YanN?I?EaoAUaoYe IA N?UiYեU ? aCiC ei?Y?Yu CYa an եe Ui??ni?I եU AYեEao: ?EU?e Գ???Y?U?Y, E?nբեn? u?O?u, ?UեnCI?UեY, 12.09.1922 A. * * * ?Ue եnIiaOai EY?Cnu UA aoYCU Oե? i?Eao, UեI եnIao un ?e?c EaoC?? Գ?ea?nU?YA, an ?aoY aony?UեY ???i?I եe ao Nae OnI?I եe, ?Y Uե?C CU?oaoo, an եOբ?Une ?E aony? «?E-?aiE-» ?YaoYai U?n?aoY uaiA IA գiYiC, Cn ?YaoYA Eaenai A?E?U?Y, aCiC ????գեC, an aեiu I?nգ??naoAUaoYA AYեu, YaoUYCeI U?n? OnIեu ? բեnեE i?E: EaenaiCY եOբ?UnA E?nբեn?oC ?: ԳnCգan Գ. A???U?Y, E?nբեn?, ?UեnCI?, 19.10.1922 A. * * *

?Ue Y?U?Iai InICY ?Yգ?U aCiC EY?nեU, an N??եu I?e?UaoAUaoY UA ?e AYեE, CYaaեe ?YoU?ECY N???E An?I եu ? anaYu ?YUae?Y?EC aCiC UY?Y: ??EեaC N?Uao եIեOեoCY IA UY?Y eUբ?A, UaUեU ? un e. Aեnե?U?YYեn, YU?Y?aեe O?nգ?nCi ?e?inU?Y, anaYu ?UեYuY UC?eCY I?anCY ? i?nCYեn C iեn IA c?Y?Yu ?UեnCI? գ?E? ?nեYo UaiCI ??գ?I?Y iեn ? iCI. E?a?iaon I?n?aեiU?YC Uai, anaYu unե?Ya IA բY?ICY, Uե?C գ?O???n?ICo ? ??գ?UCY ?գ?oaoUYեnai ? I?e?UaoAU?Uբ iaգani?I եY: O?eY?ian?aեe EY?Cnue ?, an Oեn I?nեEC բaEan c?YuեnA C գanI ?Yեu ? ?YaYo ?UեnCI? գ?EA NY?n?ian ??nOYեYu: iei?N եOեu, an Aե UեYu ? Aե ?YaYu cեnU?aեe aCiC գY?N?iեY Oեn ??գ?eCn?I?Y I?e?UaoAUaoYA: i?Nե ??UI, E?nբեn? u?O?u, unե?Ya, ?UեnCI? ,25.12.1925 A. * * *

1922 A. NaoYCe 24, ??բ?A uni? «??գ-a?N?I»-C ACi 24 Uեc I?n??oC Oեn ?Y?iaEao CYA Yan եIaOYեnA AOA?IoaoAUaoY, anaoY Uեc E?nբեn?C Uai գUaoOեnեY եOaO iO?U UA, ?an iեn-?anեY եI?I ? ? UC?UY Uan ?YaoYA ?YYCI AEE?EA IA NC?ե ? Nan i?aoE?C AEE?EA: iO?UC ?YaoYA ?UnCI ? ? i?nCuA Uai 14-15 IA N?eYC, Aե? ?aou գn?I ?Cu 10, UեYu IA EanNCYu N?e?ICY N?UեU?i? Oan ?YaoYA ?C?i ?, CeI N?UnA i?iaoE?C ?n, բ?Uo ?YaoYA E?a?iaon, Aեn?e a? ?C?i: ?Yaaեe AeCYu NanեOբ?UnA ??Iaբ ?Eեue?YU?YA Nae EaiեE u?O?uA IA UY?U: Iao?եYu UեI A?U ?e?c iեOեI?Y?E, Aե Uեn ii?I բ?o?inaoAUaoYYեnA IA NC?ե, եAե ?Ua, aonեUY UեnY ?: IA EY?nեYu an CU?oYեe: ??Uo anaեe N?U ? anaեe ?UեnCI?N?U ?e?c?գaoUY AեnAեY UեI AOA?ICoA? a?iCI a?ni?I?YaoAUaoYA ?e ??UY I?eYեu I?i?nեEao ao Uե? N?iեnA եn?Ei?a?ni AaOեEao, բ?Uo UC UaeY?n, an anaեe ?գ?UaoY U?n?, եn?EiCuA aեYu UaeY?E ao IA ?aE?nCYեYu ??UY Uեn I?nեEC UCcaoYեnai: OC ?OcI? U?eCY ?E գnեE Uե?, aony?UC anբ?YaoA IA գiYiեn, Nեia anբ?YaoA ??Eեa ?aE??niեo?i, ??Eեa UY?o, ?YaoYA O?nunCi i?iaon?U?Y ? NC?ե, an uaoUnA Nae ?: ?aiN?YYեe Oե?CIU?Y, ?UեnCI?, 22.06.1922 A. * * *

eCnեEC iեn-aեinaeU?Y ICU?Y?Yu, an N?U I?U?ianYեnեY 8 NaգC, anaYu ?UբaOcY ?E aYuao?oC եY, iCգn?Y?IեniC բ?YiA IA UY?UCY ? NCU? aեYu գCiեn, Aե, ana?? eiaoUգ, ???iiեEai? ??Eեa եI?I եY: ?n?եY ?UեY un «??գ-a?N?I»-C Uեc IA I?n??Yu Oեn ???iiaOYեnao U?eCY ii?I iեOեIaoAUaoYA, e?I?UY Uեn AYIեnYեnao ???iiեEao U?eCY an?? Eaon aեYu ei?o?I: ?եi??բ?n anaեe AYIեn a?ni?I?YaoAUaoY IA ?YեYu Oեn in?U, anaեe?C E?i iեOեIaoAUaoY UA i?u aoOO?IC Uեn ?IaoUբCY, CeI ?UY a?n?գ?UCY, եnբ ?եe ???ii?I aեY, Y?Uեoեu Aե ???iiեEao NY?nA I?՞U ? C՞Ya UCcaoai InY?Yu բ?YiCY եEEեE ? UCYa? ??Eեa գ?E: ?ai iեO ???C ?aiN?YYեe ???nU?YA I?U, ?Yan IA N?noYեe, Aե՞ CYa Iեnaai բ?YiեY InY?Yu ???iCE: ?i եnInan?? ?n?U?I?Y ? ?UE UCcaoYեnai, ?YUCc?aեe Uե?C U?Yn?U?eYեnY IA գnեe: an UեYu ?E Uեn I?nեECY C գanI ?YեYu: Oեn բ?naU?I?Y uA?Y??IaoAU?Uբ, Nեi??բ?n I?i?nU?E iei?N եYu, Aե Cբn N?U ? UC?YaoUY ?iեY iեN գ?O???n?ICo UA, aCiC ??E?iեu Uե?C Nեi UC?eY?բ?n, եAե I?nեEC ? ???iեE ??YaYu ?U? i?Yc?YuYեnեY: eCn?ECn բ?n?Yեnai C ?CU?o aYuao?C ? ?iCEaU uA?Y??I U?eY??UaoOC: ?. ?aCn, O. e. ??iI?EaonU?Y, 19.09.1922 A. * * * ?ao?Ca ??

Oեn 18 NaIiեUբեnC Ai?գCnA Oեeue ?eC, ? ?auեne EREVAN ARMENIA ?YaoYYեnA iեe?Y in?Y, aC InoC aon?EaoAU?Ye ?noaoYuYեnA ?eaեE: ??Ya եnc?YIaoAUaoY, C?Ya բ?Ei?ianaoAUaoY եn?YC uե?C U??Y, an aOc ?auեnai iեe?n ??nեnե C iեn Uեn եn??Yեnao Cn?I?YaoAUaoYA, Uեn N?UnեYCuA, aon Uեn Y?Ean?YեnA IY?I, ?an?I ? ?YNեi?o?I եY? A?e?Yգ OգեEai CnեYo N?can?aO eեnaoY?YեnaoY: ?aEan ?ni?e?NU?YC N?UեnA, ?e?Yo բ?o?eaoAU?Y aեiu ? UC?Y?Y CnեYo N?UnեYCuCY, ? Uaon?u?YaUaone Uեn ??E?i?Yuai ?an?oYեYu ao UեIoYեYu Uեn a??iեEC N?UnեYCuA: ?n?YC? uե?C U??Y, ?UE?e ui?n?I?Y aեe Uե?C YU?Y, ??U?ei?YC u?O?u?oC եe ? uao եnInC? N?U?n aCiC ??E?iCe, iuYեe, NaգYեe ? UեeYCe ?Yan a??ia?YaoAU?Y N?U?n: ??naoAUaoY iեn-?N?naYU?Y, ??iեUoC, ECaY, un?YeC?, 26.11.1946 A. * * * ?nեI? NaoYi?n 26, ICn?IC IեeunեY iեnc, A?UA 3-CY N?U?E?nբեn?oC?I?Y AaOai UA aoYեo?Yu, aon Oեn Y?U?IA I?n??oiեo?i? 5 NaգC?Yao N?YOY?EaoUբ UA AYiniեo?i, anaYo գanIA aCiC AEE?U ?n?U N?i?uեE ?UբaOc E?nբեn?oCYեnեY ? գaoU?nA aCiC N?iI?oiC u?UCaYC գYU?Y, UեI I?U եnIao N?i ? aCiC OnIiC Uan-E?nբեn? ?e?cCY u?n?i?Yai, AaOaiեY ?YUCc?aեe iեnc u?YC UA E?nբեn?oCYեn a?niu ?nCY CU in?U, anaեe?C Y?U?I UA գnեU Oե?: ?e Iao?եU u?YC UA N?noaoUYեn aoOOեE Oե?? Uեn բaEanCY IaOUե Naoe?Eai, an eCnai aCiC a?i?eE?Yեu:

?) EaN?YaoC iեn?բեnU?E CYa ?e?nI?Yեn InY?Yu բեnեE: բ) iaoYC I?N I?n?eCC C՞Ya I?nCu I?U Nai: գ) ?nA?եIaoAU?Y N?U?n aեeCIEեA ? UaAan aեeCIEեA, anA N?nU?n ?: ?) I?nC UեuեY?Yեn, an ?iեEC գanI?I?I?Y ?: ?EեIin?I?YaoAU?Uբ ??E?i?oYեEao a?n?գ?UCY C?Ya ? iaEAaoAC ACiA 220 I?U 120 ? I?U 150: ?aiN?YYեe e?N?IU?Y, ??iեUoC, O?neեE, un?YeC?, 27.01.1947 A. * * * Oեn u?O?u?oC ?aieե?U?YC Y?U?Iai NO?I եnIiaO? ?eYեEai aon?E?o?U ? UC?Yգ?U?UY iEnեo?, anaiNեi? Y?EAY??բ?n aoO?nI?I Y?U?I?, anao U?eCY բ?nեI?U O. oaon?U?YC գn?I ?iեY? ?E NC??i?IaoAU?Y գn?I ?C, եnբեu Oեeue aA N?e?i, Cn?iaoYu aoYCe գ?Yգ?iiեEao IեnaCY U?eCY, u?n?i?YYեnao I??U?IեnaU?Y, e?I?UY anaYo ? N?Yo?YuA, a՞i ? a?i?eE?Y?iaoY, ??iեEA IA a?iI?YC iեnCY U?nUCYYեnaoY, anaYo N?nI եO?I iեOեIaoAUaoYYեnA ii?I եY: ?Ueu?Y բ?i?I?Y ? AeեU, ? գCioCn Uեnգ?OAC IaUCiեY եYA?nIiեo?i U?un?գanIaoUC, ?aone Oգiեo?Y ?aIianYեn Գ?Y??n?U?Y, ?. aaoN?U?AU?Y, AaoEU?YU?Y, U?N?aեiU?Y EanեY, ?aoeaoyU?Y, Uեn Nn?A?n?I?YYեnA YեnI?U?oaooCYu, an iiU?E a?UU?YYեnaoY Uեc uգi?I?n YI?iC aA InY?Yu ??eY?E Yեnգ?OAC գanICY: ?eCI? aC Y??Y?Iեn Aե UեYu E???Y?n?naO I?U N?I?e?Ian?Yեn եYu Yեnգ?OACY, ?UE aեYu ao?եn a?i?eE?Y?iiaoAUaoY ei?YOYեE? գanI?IoեEai U?n?ao Nեi, anaYu ?YOY?I?Y ??Nao YI?iaoUai ??n?I եY, UCYa?եe UեnA Ya?i?IC UA I?e?UեEY ? ao aa Aե Nեi?aY?եE ?YOY?I?Y ??NA: IA AUբeYեU, Aե iեncCY ?Yգ?U Nn?Aե?i ?eYեEao ?YI?nեECaoAU?Y Uեc IA գiYiեCn, եe CYue I?U?n?YC UեIYaoUC ?eiaoY Naoe?UC iեeYեE I?U?n?YC Uեc uե? ? i?n?բ?Ei?բ?n UC?UY e?nգCeA iեe?U i?գaYCY Uեc, anaoY Nեi OnIեoC բ?n?Yեn: U?U?I? Cn բai?Y??IaoAU?Uբ N?ICn?, e?I?UY N?iI?Y??I?Y ?, anaiNեi? Nեe?iեe ? IanaiC N?UnեY?eCnaoAU?Y? aգCY IA oaE?oYե, ??UY aCiC ??nOYեU EanNn??IaoAU?Y YUaoA ? iei?N եOCn YaoUYCeI Yեnգ?OAC IaUCiեեY ?aone, ?.?.A. UCaoAU?Y ?nc?Y?UCY N?YOY?AaOaiC Uեc aoYեo?I CU ?Cnuai, aCiC c?Y?U, anaեe?C ?.?.A. UCaoAUaoYA Cn i?na?I?Y UեuեY?Y գanIC EIC eaonCa Uեc Yեnգ?OAC գanICY բ?niauU?Y: ?Ue Y?U?Ie enian?Yuai IA գnեU, anaեe?C ?aoY ?E ?iեEC AY??nO?IanեY գnեe CYOC, գCiեe, Aե ?YIեOIanեY ??N?գnգei?I եU uե?Uai ? AY?N?Yn?aեe բaEan N?UnեY?ICoYեnao iC??Iai, u?YC an anaեe N?U?E?nբեn? UCaoAU?Y ?iեY?aեi a?ni?ian եU uգi?I?n ??eY?E Uեn ??E?i?ian ??e?I?nգCY: UեnI?UCe ?UեnCI?N?UaoAUaoYA 1000000 ?aE?nC Yեnգ?OAC yaY?CY գaU?oU?Y ?e?c IA i?YC, Nn?i?n?Ii?I ?Yi?Y?o?YIեnaoe Uեc, ?e?cCY ??nuCY Iaoգ?Y Uեn բY?գ?i?eC բaEan ??UnI. UCaoAUaoYYեnA, anaYu ?YN?i?aեe ?EU ?eY?IoaoAUaoY IA բեnեY, CYa an գaiեEC ? unCY?IեEC ?: ??EեaA 40000-C N?e?i, anaoY 10000-A, CYaaեe գCiեe, Գ?eYCI U???nU?YC ?UoեEaoAU?Y ?eACi ?n?եY գaU?o?I ?n: ?Ue CnaOaoAU?Yo C iեe UC?I NaoUeեnYCe ?UեnCI?N?UaoAUaoYY ?, EC?բaoeY U?eY?IoեEai ?UեY I?nգC N?Yգ?Y?IaoAU?Yo, ??nOU?E NaY ?, an N?U ??iC C Ya?ei UեI?գaoUY ?CգA IA A??iC բ??U?aCeC ?aNaOaoAU?Yo գYai, YUaoA?I?Y, Aե բ?naU?I?Y ??գ?N?i?uaoUC OեeY?nIեY ?eYAեn Uեn Cn?iaoYuY ?E NaO?UCY IoaoUC iեe?Iեiai Cn?I?Y?oYեEao N?U?n: ?aY CYaaեe ?U?iեO N?UnեY?eCnaoAUaoYA ?iեEC ?a???եEC գanI ?:

?aIian ?N?naY E?a?inU?Y, OեOnեoC, eaonC?, 28.12.1946 A. * * * eCnեEC ?Yեn a?a?, ei?o?Yu Oեn iեncCY Y?U?IA? գni?I EC?UCY, ?aou I?na՞O եu եn??I?UեE ?UY UեI E?Y??i?eaoAUaoYA Uեn i?Y Uեc, եnբ բaEanC YեnI?UaoAU?Uբ I?n?aoU եU Oեn ?Yao? Y?U?IA, anCo Nեia eIeaoU ? Eae?IoaoAUaoYA ?YoU?EC Nao?եnaoY anaoY ?եn?I?i?nA IA ECYC U?U?e, CeI CU a?ni?I?YaoAUaoYA IA ECYC AaeYCIYեnao? Ui?e?եeaoUA? IեYinaY?oYեE YեnI?UC ?UY UեI iեnեEuCY, an iեOCu ? aoYեYaoU Uեn N?UnեYCuC Uեc? ԳaiaoU եU ??E?i?YuA ao anaեe iCa?n YեnI?U?oYaoU եU Oե? ao ?eaoU եU, Aե ??E?i?YuY ? UC?I ?UY eaonբ գanIA, anai U?n? I?naO ? ??eY?E I?i?nU?E ? եnc?YCI, ? YanեY ??ei եU i?ECe Oեn Y?U?IC ?eaOc UCiuA ? IեYeaoY?IaoAUaoYA Yn?Yo ?auC ?ec? գIեEai (?EC E?i գI?գnեn IA ?CYեU) ?n?n?iC EnaEi Iեoi?IuA ? ?n?ueC I?nI?a?Eae գY?ouA? Uեc Oեn ?a?e?AU? I?UuA, CeI UUaoeA Oեn ?i?nA UCiuA: eCnեEC ?Yեn a?a?, CYO aC Nեi?ununaoU, Aե ?aou U?nUY?aեe a?e?iեE եu, IA բ?iե, an eniai եnCi?e?n? եu, ? եe aon?E եU an, N?UnեYC NaOA Oե? I???aonեE ?, CYaaեe UC եnCi?e?n?C: ?UAU CU?oեu Uեn IU?YuCo: ?n??YU?Y AYi?YCuA Cn ?UբaOcaoAU?Uբ ?YoYaoU ? UC E?O?O ?nc?Y? iYiեe?aեe ao IaoEiaon?aեe ?CUեEai ?եaC iեnեEu, CYue ECYեEai Yn?Yo եnեoA, ?UE Eaeuai i?Y OեI?i?nA, ??E?i?Yue բ?A?YեE եU ?Ueaեe. ?eiao I?YaoE CU գanI?iեOC, aon E?aY եOբ?Une բ?o?I IA ECYC ? գanI?ianYեnA a?in?ei, Yn?Yo գanIA բ?A?YaoU եU ao եe ?E eIeaoU եU գanIe, ?UYaեe an, եAե ?U? a?NCY ?aou Yեne UiYեu, aեu I?naO ??Y???YեE, Aե a՞i ? բ?YianA, a՞i ? ??n?aYA? IinaoU-O?aoU եU, oaooUaoYuYեn եU i?ECe բ?YianYեnCY ??E?i?YuC գYC U?eCY, an Yn?Yu A?՛ ??i ?ni??nեY, A?՛ ??i i?ei?IեY: OեeuaoUe iեEեyaYA NaaoU ?, EaeU?Y I?YaaoU ?: OգaoU եU գanIe ao ??nAiaoU E?YaoA? I?nգ??nեEao N?U?n ?eunU? ?e ao I?EeA, ?Ueaեe a?ni?I?YaoAUaoYe I?i?n?I, եnեIaU?Y iaoY եU ??eYaoU? (?O?i UC u?YC ?UCe, եe ?E ?IYao գanI?IaoU եU UC?UY եnեIaYեnA I?n??Eao N?U?n), YեnI?UCe I?n??o?I aoYCU ?. oaa?nC «??nեI?UaoAUaoYA», ?. eCn?eC «?n?n?iA», ?. ?եUCn?U?YC «i?n??Y?YuA», ?Ueaեe ??E?iեE ? eaianեE UեI N??aoUu ? CYO N?U?n: ?N? CU eIeY?I բ?Y?eiեOIaoAUaoYYեnեY UC YUao?

e??aoO ?O IU?UoA IaiA ?aAanIai ?YNaoY Eeaiuai, ?nբ ?n?n??ե? EեeYեn Iaoi?IC, ?CiեEai Yn?Y a?Uu?nY ?UեNC- eCnaoU եU IU?YuA: ?nբ UnnCIA EaoE UeaoYauai, ???եnA Oգ?I ?AaEu ?n??iC, EeեEai Yn?Y aaeAIaoUY ?iեnC- eCnaoU եU IU?YuA: ?nբ եnICYuY Ue?UE I?UI?IեY Eaoi?I ?ni?eaoYu A??C- EeեEai ?NեO գae-գaeA Yn?Y eCnaoU եU IU?YuA: ?nբ OUեeY CcYC ? YeiC N?uai o?iեn In?n?I e?i?YC Yեnua? ?գ?Eai Yn?Y եnIaoYuY Naգia- eCnaoU եU IU?YuA: eCnaoU եU U?n?A? a?Uu?nC ??euai IU?YuC NYaoCo, aaOa?iU? I?Uuai, ?n i?e?a?YuA, a?Uu?nY, N?OA?Y?I ?Ueaեe եU eCnaoU IU?YuY ??E?nNaoU: *** IaiaoY Uեc ?ECu ??eY?Y, ?n?aon i?Y, ?Ueun եn?? iեeեE ? U?UA ?aIaY??Y, IaiեY բeYեE եu UC Nեnae i?n??Y ao uեUy եu ?nեE Uեn i?n?aoIC i?Y: aeIC ? o?YեE ???iY ?n??YC, ?ե?UaoeY ?e?iaiU?Y uaoYe IA i?YC, ?n??Y i?UEaOCY N???n եn?YC, ?C N?UnեYCuY CU ?n?Ei YU?YC: ?eiOեn ??i I?Y, ?n?Y ? ?eaեi, EեeYեnao ??n?Y, ?n?n?iY ? aեi, ?aOai ao caonai I?OIai Nai?iեi, ??UnեYCu eCnaoY, ?anCe ?e N?iեi: UI??? ?e ?CiaoU եU UC NeI? I?OYC, I?YգY?I N?UnեYC Eեe?YA IaOuCY, OUaoOեnA i?n?I?I ?i?u ? ?YaoU ?n Yan?ICEYեnao գEEao iեn?aoU: O?n ??E?nNA NCY I?OYCY ? ?nC, eCnեE ? ?aAanCIY ao NaiA e?nեnC, E?UY?eCni eniCo UnnCIA aoAգCY ?IեE-?YoեE ? եnգC UA N?YգaoUY: ?Y?UեYC Uեn I?OYCY eCnaoY aC Aեuiեo եnբեu, UY?o UC?i I?YգaoY, OaoA unեnao EaoaO I?UI?IYեn AYI?Y iեN?a?YI ??IiCY ?EեNեn:

1951 A. eեai. 2, ?եUnaoA, Գ. e. ?n??YU?Y ?ai?U??IaoAUaoU ?ao??UU?U......................................................................................3 ???aoAUaoU OI?iaU?U............................................................................25 e????I ??U??a?i? aaOaeU?U..........................................................28 A?uE?eU?U ??Ia?.......................................................................................29 OI?i?a O?E?oe?A? ??I??aU?U........................................................29 ei?o?U ??o??? ei?o?UU?U................................................................30 A?uE?eU?U ?ai??UU?e...........................................................................40 a??Գ?i ?e?iao?? O?EaU?U................................................................40 e??Գ?e i??-a?i?aeU?U..........................................................................41 ??i?A ??O??e??? O????U?U...........................................................41 U?????A ????U? O??i??U?U...............................................................80 ԳaoU?O?U?U I???a?i Գ?ia?Գ?.......................................................81 ???O O?U?e? ??Ia?U?U.........................................................................81

???O Aa??IU?U..........................................................................................83 O??Գ???i iaU?a?i? ?U?UU?U..........................................................90 ??O???OaoO Գ?ea??U?U.......................................................................93 e??? Գ??Գa?U?U.........................................................................................97 EaoiaU?U i?O????I E?a?iao??...................................................100 ?aO?I e???I? ?ai??UU?eU?U..........................................................102 e??Գ?e O?U?eU?U....................................................................................102 ??????E e??Գe? e??ԳeU?U...............................................................105 O??A? e??a?? ???OU?U.....................................................................105 ?ao??UU?U Գ??Գa? I???a?i?..........................................................108 ???aoAUaoU O??i?IU?U.......................................................................109 iaEa?U? eO??i? E?a?i?U?U...........................................................145 ?ao??UU?U i????? ?ai??UU?e?....................................................147 IaEU? A??i???U?U.................................................................................150

e??Գ?e Գ??Գa?? ?ao??UU?U.............................................................161 ?E???i ????I? OU?o?I?UU?U.........................................................168 ?ao??UU?U e??Գ?e..................................................................................181 ???O ??Ia?U?U..........................................................................................183 U??U I???a?i? i??-a?i?aeU?U.....................................................185 U?O?IU??................................................................................................190